Alkanes9. ALKANES 6. Mahesh Tutorials Science An alkane is obtained by decarboxylation of sodiam 7. propionate. Same alkane ean be obtained by (ai Catalytic hydrogenation of propene hy Action of sodium metal on iodo methane: 8. (¢) Reduction of | ~ chloropropane. (d) Reduction of bromomethane. Complete oxidation of one mole of an alkane forms one 9% mole of carbon dioxide, The alkane is (ay CH, (b) GH eo chy wc, 10. Bond — line formula of n — Butane, A on LN dy 12. Alkanes in which there is only one single carbon branch 13. at second carbon atoms of the long chain is, ta) Iso alkane by neo alkane (c) n-alkane (d) tertiary ~ alkane: Caron atom which iiretly tached to another carbon ta) Seeondary by Primary Ce) Tenia Quaternary Fesiary carbon atom is the one which attache to Sr carbon atoms 4 (a) Three (b) Two. te) Fou dh One The condensed structural formula for neo (a) (CH,),CH CH,CH, (by (CH,),C c) CH, (CH,),CH, (4) (CH,),CH CH ICH), pentane is In Wurtz reaction, solvent used is a) HIO, cc) None of these (b) Benzene (a) Dey ether is one of the components of mangoes th) Cyclobutane (a) n~ butane (a) Hexane (6) Cyclohexane TUPAC name of neopentane is (a) 2,2— Dimethyl propane b) 2 Methyl butane 2—Dimethy! butane 2— Dimethyl propane a2 Which are the following statements about the alkanes is a) They are a family of hydrocarbons by They all have similar physical properties, (eo) They are saturated (d) Many of them are useful fuels Metal used in Wurty synthesis of hydrocarbons is (a) Barium ¢h) Aluminium (©) Sodium: (a) Nickel Write the IUPAC name ofthe following structure cH, cH. ‘ CH, CH, CH, CH, a) 3— Ethyl —3 methyl butane (b) 2 Ethyl -2 —methyl butane ) 3,3 Dimethyl pentane () 3,3 Dimethyl butane Write the [UPAC name of the following structure CH, CH- CH CH, CH, Lot CH, GH. a) 3— Ethyl ~2 (b) 3 Ethyl - 4 methyl pentane (c) 3.4—Ethyl methyl pentane (@) 3 Methyl - 3 ~ethy! pentane methyl pentaneALKANES 75 15, 16, 18, wy, 20, a 2. Writethe IUPAC name ofthe following structure CH, CH, ~ CH-CH~CH,~CH, I ot cu, GH, (a) 3~Methyl-4~ ethyl hexane (b) 4—Ethyl-3— methyl hexane (©) 3—Ethyl —4—methyt hexane (@) 3,4—Ethyl methyl hexane Alkyl halides on ‘and alcohol give a (@) Oxidation (©) Hydrolysis, with the Zn—Cu couple (b) Reduetion (@) Halogenation ‘The reaction in which there is removal of carbon dioxide fom carboxylic acid is called (@) Halogenation (b) Dehydrogenation (© Decarboxylation __(@) Dehydrohalogenation Inthe reaction, (CH,—CH,- Br+Ni Identify A and B. (@ n—butane and sodium bromide (b) n~pentane and sodium iodide (© n—propaneand sodium bromide (@ Ethane and sodium bromide Dey ster, A+B Heptane exhibits (@ five (© nine chain isomers, (b) seven (4) cighteen The compounds having same molecular formula, but different structural formula, this phenomenon is known as (@) stereomer (b) isomerism (©) polymerism (@) none of these ‘Thecommon name of CH, CH~CH, groups (6) Iso propyl (@ Sec — butyl (a) n— propyl (© Ethyt The fia butyl groups ch @ aya, ca, © Gh-g-, (©) CH,-CH,-CH,-CH,- @ O4-C-cH 26, 27, 28. 29, 30, 3. 32, As compared to ethane, the melting point of methane is (@) Lower (b) Higher (©) Same (@) Can't predict ‘The complete oxidation of alkanes is known as (@) Combustion (0) Halogenation (©) Hydrogenation (@ Pyrolysis In the reaction, CH,Br+Na 8, 4+2 NaBr Conc AEE SB +10 AandBare (@) methane; nitromethane () ethane; nitroethane () nitromethane: methane @ nitroethane; ethane Carbon has, inmethane. @s o4 electrons in the valence shell (6 @ 0 The combustion of alkanes is a (@) exothermic (b) endothermic () polymerisation (@) pyrolysis. The fission of C ~ C bond to form one alkene and one alkane is called (@) dehydrogenation (© cracking (b) pyrolysis (@ none of these Hydrocarbon which is liquid at room temperature is (@) Pentane (b) Butane (©) Propane (@ Ethane Which of the following is correct sequence of steps in a chain reaction (@) Propagation, initiation, Termination (b) Initiation, Termination, Propagation (©) Propagation, Termination, Initiation. (@) Initiation, Propagation, Termination Every carbon atom in alkane is (@) sp? (op sp @ spa Alkanes are also called as Paraffins because (a) alkanes possess biological activity (b) alkanes do not undergo chemical reactions easily (©) alkanes have high reactivity. (@) alkanes are bad conductors of electricity, Lakshya76 ALKANES 36. 38. 3. 40. 4. MaheshTutorials Science In alkanes all the H-€ fa) 105.9" io) 109.5" H bond angles are General formula of alkane is fa) C,H, tc) GH What are Isomers? (a) Compounds having same molecular formula and same structural formula, (by Compounds having same structural formula a different molecular formula fe) Compounds having same molecular formula and different siructural formula, re different suctural formu mmpounds having different molecular formula and Univalent groups obtained by removing one hydr ons fron alkanes are called (b) Methyl group Arene fa) Aryl group oup In hydrogenation af unsaturated hydrocarbon, the use of »latinum and paltacium as x catalyst is avoided because (a) Iriseffective only at high temperature. thy eis costly fo) eis nor used as a catalyst (a) All of the above, Incomplete combustion of alkanes with insufficient amount of air gives a compound called as ‘a) Carbondioxide (b) Water (©) Carbon black (a) Hydrogen Which alkanes? (a) Alkanes are hydrocarbons which contain only single bond. {b) Akanes belongs to the class of unsaturated the statements below accurately describe hydrocarbons, (e) Alkanesare simplest and least reactive class of organi compounds. (a) Both aand ¢ I hydrocarbon has no double or triple bond, itis said 10 be (a) unsaturated (b) saturated (6) isomers (d) none of these chain alkanes are also called tb) alky (d) nealkanes Ste (a) iso-alkanes (o) secondary alkane 46. 48. 49. Which of the following commercial produets are NOT composed primarily of alkanes ? (a) Petroleum jelly (b) Rubber (6) Gasoline (dy War. Which n-alkane has the greatest molecular weight and is as at room temperature and pressure? (a) Pentane (by Butane (c) Heptane (d) Octane Which alkanes have largely replaced reons as propellants in aerosol cans? (a) Methane and Ethane (c) Pentane and Hexane (b) Propane and Butane (€) Nonane and Decane Which is major constituent of natural gas? (a) Octane (hy Ethane (©) Methane (@) Butane Which of the following types of hydrocarbons is (are saturated? (a) alkanes (by alkenes (c) alkynes (a) aromatic Identity the correct statement fa) 995% of el about LS eclipsed conformation, (b) 96% of ethane molecules have st about 10% eclipsed conformation: (c) 90% of about 4% eclipsed conformation (4) 95% of ethane molecules have stag about 5% eclipsed conformation. ane molecules have staggered! and only ered and nly ane molecules have staggered and only gered and only Which of the following intermolecular foree is primarily responsible for the interactions among alkane molecules? (a) covalemt bondi (by hydrogen bondin (e) vander waals (d)all above Whieh statements are true for alkanes? i) Thei ii) Theyare Nammable cal formals is C,H. iil) They react with chlorine (bit (dally (a) i and ii only (6) iiand iti only e above The ease of replacement of hydrogen atoms in alkanes is in the order fa) >"> fe) >>I" (hy o> 25 (dy ?>h>D of alkanes is too fast and explosive (a) Todination (hy Bromination (c)_ Fluorination (d) ChlorinationALKANES, 77 52. 4. 60. ol. Higher alkanes obtained fiom lower alk! halide by action of soalium metal in ether is (a) Hollinann’s reaction —(b) Wurtz reaction (e) Pyrolysis {d) Combustion jven reaction Idemtily the reactant in the g +H, CH, CH, (a) ethyne ih) ethene fe) ethane (a) propene By Wurtz reaction alkanes can be prepared, which have (2) odd number of carbon atoms (6) Even number of eardon atom (¢) any number of carbon atoms (@) none of these The first four members of alkanes (C, tC, ) are (a) Waxy solitls {05} Colorless Hiquidls (6) colourless gases ——_() odourless Liquids Melting point of solid alkanes (a) increases with increase in their molecular we (b) decreases with increase in their molecular» fc) inereases with decrease in their molecualr weight. (6) decreases with decrease in their molecular weight, Liguified petroleum gas LPG. is fa) Mixture of n-butane and hexane. (b) Mixture of n-hutane and isopentane. (©) Mixture of isobutane and n-hexane. (@) Mixture of n-butane and isobutane Molecular formula of compound indicates (4) number of protons of different elements in molecule, (b) number of bonds in the molecule. (c) number of atoms of different elements in a molecule, (d) all the above. The process of elimination of earbon dioxide from carboxylic acid is known as fa) Dehydroge (©) Docurboxylation tion (b) Dehalogenation {d) Dehydrohalogenation In methane, the central earhon atom undergoes (a) sp hybridisation (tb) sp? hybridisation (c) sp*hybridisaion (d) no hybridisation The geometry of methane molecule is, (a) Tetrahedral (tb) Distorted tetrahedral (c) Trigonal planar (d) Linear 62. 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 7. The IUPAC name ot HC-CH,-CH-CH,~CH | cH (a) 4-Methyt hexane (b) 3-Methyl pentane (c) 2-Propyl butane (d) 2-Ethy! pentane Which of the following is et from CH? (a) Bihylene (e) Methane ained by one step reaction (by Acetylene {d) Propane Which ofthe (a) Propane fe) Pentane allowing alkane cannot give chain isomer? th) Butane {d) Hexane Alkanes only show (a) Chain (c) Funetion {by Postition (d) All the three Sodium Acetate when fused with NaOH and CaO gives (a) Bihane (by Methan. (©) Propane {d) None of these To the solution of ethyl bromide in ether when dry pivce of sodiuen are added, we g (a) Methane (b) Propane (©) Butane (d) Ethene When mixture of methane and chlorine is exposed to day diffused light, the compounds formed are @ CHa (b) CHLCL (o) CHCL, (a ar he three Marsh gas mainly contains @ Cn, (er HS (by CH, aco Boll: methane and ethane may he obtained hy asuitable one step reaetion from (ay CH,Br (ey CHOI iby GH, (a) CH, OH The compound with the highest boiling point is (a) n-pentane (b) 2-Methylbutane (©) ne-hesan (d) 2.2-Dimethylprepane The ty (a) iso-octane hest boiling point is expected for (h) n-ociane Lakshya78 ALKANES 73. Which of the following formula represents an alkane 84. Isomers which canbe interconvested through rofation around fa) CH wy single bond are to) GH, (Cy (a) conformers 74. Action 0 sodalime produces heat on a mixture of sodium propionate and b) ethane (d) ethylene 85. a) methane (e) propane 75. Wurtz reaction is used to prepare fa) methane only ¢b) symmetrical alkanes, (c) unsymmetrical alkanes (d) all the above 76. Petroleum consists of (a) aliphatic hydrocarbons (b) aliphatic aleohols (6) aromatic (d) none of these 77. Correct TUPAC name of alkane vbtaineat in the reaction 2- ciiloropropane + sodium and dry ether (b) 2-tsopropytpropane (d) none of these (a) 2.3-Dimethylbutane fe) mhexane 78. LPGeontains fa) methane «) ethane fe) butane d) none af these 79. Successive alkanes difer by fa) CH, (by CH 86. o) CH en 80. Pick out the alkane which differs from the other members of the group (a) 2.2Dimethylpropane (b) Pentane (©) 2-Methylbuane——(d) 2,2-Dimethylbutane BL Topreparea pure sample ofm-hexine using sodium metal go as one reactant, the other reactants will be : (a) ethyl chloride and n-butyl chloride (by methyl bromide and n-penty bromide (e) n-propyl bromide (4) ethyl bromide and n-butyl bromide 82. A mixture of ethyl iodidesand n-props! iodide issubjected to Wurtz reaction. The hydrocarbon which will not be 8 formedis (a) butane «b) propane (e) pentane (a) hexane ». 83. The alkanes in whieh each carbon atom is bonded to not hore than wo other carbon atoms are known as fa) branched chain alkanes. thy isoalkanes, tc) neoalkanes (d) straight chain alkanes (by diastereomers (c) enantiomers (€) positional isomers, Which is 4— Ethyl cH, i (@) CH,-CH,-C—CH,-CH,-Cl I CH, CH, ‘methythexane ? cu I () CH, CH GH CH CH, CH CH, CH, fo) CH, CH CH CH, CH, CH, lot CH, CH,~ CH, (@) CH,-CH,-CH-CH,-CH-CH, | CH, CH, CH, Which one of he following statements about the reaction between methane and bromine is wrong? (a) It isa substitution reaction (b) It needs the presence of ultra-violet light (for example Sunlight) to work at a reasonable rate {€) Bromoethane and hyd ygen bromide are formed. (6) A brown mixture ofbromine and methane gases loses Which statement about hydrocarbons is false ? (a) The smallest alkane to have structural (constitutional) isomers has 4 cathon (b) Cyclic alkanes are structural isomers of alkenes. (¢) Alkanes are more reactive than alkxenes (d) Alkanes can be produced by hydrogenat oms alkenes. Which salt on (reatment with soda lime gives ethane ? (b) Sodium ethanoate (d) Sodium butanoate (a) Sodium acetate (c) Sodium propanoate Which word means breaking larger alkane molecules into smaller ones ? (a) polymerisation (hy cracking (©) reforming (G) isomerization MaheshTutorials ScienceALKANES, 79 90. a1. 14, 95, 96. Alkanes can be obtained on heating (a) calcium salt of fatty acid (bh) a mixture of calcium salt of fatty acid and calcium ‘onmate (6) soxtium salt of fatty acid and sod Time, (a) calcium carbide. The melting and boiling points of hydrocarbons are determined by (a) ion-dipole attraction (6) intermolecular forces {b) dipole-dipole attraction (a) hydrogen bonding n-Hexane given The delnydragenation « 2.0, 773 K The nicration of higher alkanes involves substitution as wells fC w ¢ Chond fission th) CC bond fusion Hohond fusion (a) Rearrangemen: Which one of the following cannot be prepared by Wurtz reaction (@ CH, (bi CH, ce) Cdl, wc, Electrolysis of a concentrated solution of potasium acetate fa) Methane (©) Fihene (h) Ethane (a) Ethyne The reagent used for the conversion, CH,CH,COOH ——* CH,CH.CH, is (a) LAIN, (by Soxke-lime (e) Red P and concentrated HL (c) Amalgamated zine and concentrated HCI (CH,), CMgCI on reaction with DO preduces (a (CHYCD tb) (CH,,COD fe) (CD,CD i) (CD),COD 98. 99, 100. Reactivity of hydrogen atoms attached to different carbon atoms in alkanes has the order (a) Tertiary > Primary> Secondary (h) Primary’> Secondary > Tertiary (©) Both (and (b) (cl) Tertiary > Secondary > Primary Durin; chlorination of methane to methyl chloride, the propagation step is represented by fw C-cr Gs th) CH, Ci ——+ CHCl fo) CH, + Cl ——+ CH HCI «dy Cis ——> C1-€ Phe reaction conditions leuling to the best yield of CH,C1 are (a) C,H, (excess) + C], YH th) CH, +6 Dark fom temperature UV Tight (6) Cyt, + Cl, fexcess) (1) CH, 4 C), LakshyaNAME SUPPLEMENT No.'1* = Tot ‘Subject Centre Date t_ @mc-cha-cOoNa NAOH wC-Cth ye Nation, Sodivm Propionab. ethane SSS z Aiso, _Cligt| + Ona + 14CHy “Gabe? Haye -Cit Jodomethane ‘etans 010) Creer On .— > NCOz RCD + HD 120 Here m=\ “3 We get one mole CO, fe Diy A-Oe ee OO. BO | BIG) meen CeCe eueme Cur it has 3 COC Continoul _ bonds) $¥5_bord tine formula is aE Noe or 4 |@) t,c-cH — Prepeescnts 180 pop vided homed you 4 tore Straigtt chain olneaol__| ei 2) Pxi UV) = Carbo Airectly etter tre be Ore ¢ lato ae ere ange CC) = —_— pt 3 din 4 elie Hatha) 2 6.1@ see ex primation frre @-5QB City ; +|\@ co ¢-CHy = Gro . 16 Neo peotane 8 28 for enpiaxnatior see 1 a. ©) Ta 0 bac ES —cre| Commons Nowe NM sav Ci, Supac Wauwe 9 2-0%, lny\ Sop pane ne Thely lousy es AS Loe ets oni 12 2 — Dir me a oie z a eee SHH eit=Ciy| SB -EMyl- 2- meng pen ot, Gis = © OQ a 2 _ @ _O is |(@) [cers — SH CnC Cite B-ENoyh-4- mettre hexa the == d 3 eBieex + a@tey —So-Sh ss R-w tte Redm.® HI © for explaination 2h. Q1 Pec Be 4 WNo PASS inc cig ch th, 4 2Oabr _ exeyt bromide H-buteme_ Sodiumbvanpicly Gp SESS ° e-c-e=ct- ce é e= ¢ne— 6-67 & e e-c-<-¢-¢ SB t S 6=b- olen en & é Ca ¢=c-e7e \ ¢ eee S$ fee é fuss (d) | 7 pga oe e-¢-t-c Comet opriow * ext —© 40.|@) aD) be exdansation oh os 4 8. (B) fos Plrinabion, ged @-4 23-(@ ton kanes MES Be 4 Me Lol a4 8) BAPRtc-Br RNa Shes, eons ot 5 anan— Hc-CH, aan Wen ROL + ho Oitroettowe_ GDL Pry a6 On eae ede Ly methane 8 eS in its atone Pal pad arbanvate as woot 1s evolved) huvivg Ake action xe Fe. Hacking 24. (BY ao A) a. (& 3a- (ib Para = Vittte, Stine = affinihy $3. getiel K=C-4 bend ange in ateames Je (0428! » 109.8" 31 ©© as |® TH = {fe © 9 31] ® _ 38. Cox =¢ = 23 (8) wo DS 7, wraedeher ~_sest all Che in Uigquid town or in ‘eogy 2a fous + - a HW iy eel oe R FY aa S wv. 4 Staggered oor siti) ° sees peek CHR)© wa [Oe] thely qeweot fommula is Cnfhnee A Hey endl, with Ehtovue aivdng cltorwatkana 60. su.(2 5210 boher @.1¢ saldwc HCH, 4 Rs them ety Ethene ethane hb) Sefer @ 18 ss [8 1 51 |O 5¢-((@) __s (©) same os Vt 5 (2) aN : jet | we Tetcnedral_geowebny 58s 4 nGyea At 3 Mettylpenine@ 6 Cyl + a) =e Cea settee 64.1G) Mivteativa 1 Corbont one need ter cha konerion, fn alkaras ge. (&) He=CooNg R207 5 CH + Wal, Naccrcetabe We have a deh og - tcl “fe ch, es He-€1 +2 ers Se ene Ee ch, %.®) tyo-By + 2Th] EXC GH. + HB Wether A tye Be + AN, OS fhe -CIG + 209 Bg pene Mon re (0) o- alkounce Leave tsiqlan OR G.f fer bromchsal | chratn athonee ct fuey have laghes Suaface a20 . wiQ er. 51 3: Al tert, + Glkave Cnt ne fe 74 Rol, Qf 75(6) Rep ae® Gea) eS ee oF Ste + Ang => Rac -CH —CH — 2 chlor pravpare, aris mF RS | eae — ch W\(Q)_ eg. Cote — CHa Ge — wo l® Rosy AN ane Seams Penteane Sl © +, - cH -€ = By Saige het +2ha Se hes AMC CH Cig welexce —powatle — eal@(C) Qed AGiel + 20a Ss Gig 4 ama Real + awa > Sg Higgs 2 0a Cone| + Chal + 2a se" Oo +20 penta a3. 1@ gala) ee Bromprctens A Her is Prwed ex (e) 38 | ® Reh. 6 ga.) [© wp. 1@ ® 9a| We 4 aS 0 > ae ht eee ee Oy Panel qal@) me-cy cw, -@me she ct cH -WO a]@) tye-cng cu, Ge : fac- ctt-NOz = GEE Hg NO aul a) (© tyc-ct, -coon 2S Hee~ CGC fh * 3.0 = (Cine) £-B@® Dec coc SPS Gi ¢ CORT - athare_