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School of Theology
A Research Paper
by
Jeason S. Montera
October 2014
OUTLINE
Chapter
I. INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
means that within the being and activity of the one God
2Siegfried
H. Horn, Seventh-day Adventist Bible
Dictionary(SDABD), rev. ed., ed. Don F. Neufeld, Commentary
Reference Series, vol. 8. (Washington, DC: Review & Herald,
1979), s.v. God.
3Bruce L. Shelley, Church History in Plain Language,
2nd ed. (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1995), 99.
4Lockyer, IDB, s.v. Trinity.
5Philip
Schaff, Creeds of Christendom, [e-Sword
Version 10.2.1 CR-ROM] Franklin, TN: Rick Meyers, 2000-
2013, vol.1, chap.2, 10; chap.4, 24, 25.
Son, and Holy Spirit. Further it spells out that the
the Father.15 And the Holy Spirit, the third person of the
Trinity, is God, one and equal with the Father and the Son,
Trinity.
Trinity.
the matter.
Further, they will have a picture of how the
this paper. They will see common grounds with the Roman
denomination.
Methodology
Trinitarian thought.
BIBLICAL TRINITY
the New Testament. Even so, both the Old and New Testaments
supplied).
18English
Standard Version is used throughout the
document unless otherwise stated.
19It
is concluded that in this verse the plural of
majesty is ascribed to God. The use of Elohim in this text
is not an indication of the Trinity. This is discussed more
fully and liberally on Bryan Murphy, The Trinity in
Creation, The Masters Seminary Journal 24/2 (Fall 2013):
168-172.
word
20The ( naeh) here is actually a verb
in the volitional, or specifically, cohortative, first
person, plural form; thus rendering Let us make. See
Genesis 1:26 in Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (Germany:
Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1997). For the grammatical
identification, see Genesis 1:26 on John Joseph Owens,
concludes that the grammar demands a plurality to be
original Hebrew text: Then the LORD God said, "Behold, the
man has become like one of us22 in knowing good and evil.
LORD said, Behold, they are one people, and they have all
inferior to Him. God could not have made man in the image
24Shema
means Hear. Charles Dyer and Eugene
Merrill, Nelsons Old Testament Survey (Canada: Word
Publishing, 2001), 139. It is the foundational core of
Israels faith and declares the unity and uniqueness of
God. This is a theological confession, the credo par
excellence of Judaism. See Marvin R. Wilson, Shema, New
International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology &
Exegesis. Ed., Willem A. VanGemeren (Grand Rapids, MI:
Zondervan, 1997), 4:1217.
25See
Genesis 11:7 in Biblia Hebraica
Stuttgartensia.
had seen the Lord in His temple and had heard Him asking,
Whom shall I send, and who will go for us?" (Isa 6:8).
subject of the Godhead, not just its oneness but even the
distinction of the Son from the Spirit and the Father, the
Spirit from the Son and the Father, and the Father from the
Spirit and the Son. The Son was baptized and stood blessed
with the rite of baptism. Hovering above Him was the Spirit
a single name.
character.
the Godhead, the Father is God, the Son is God, and the
Spirit is God. All in the same way enjoy the same quality
alone can forgive sins (Mark 2:5, 10, 11; cf. 2:7). He
also talked about judging and raising the dead (John 5:21,
25, 29). Jesus assumes these same attributes that only God
5:23).
rejoiced upon seeing Jesus, the Jews were puzzled and asked
how He could have seen Jesus when He was yet younger than
His name and the Holy Spirit were also associated with the
name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit.
grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the love of God and the
35Matt.
1:20, 1 Cor. 2:10, 11; 1 Cor. 2:11; Luke
1:35; Rom. 15:19; Heb.9:14. Rom. 8:2; John 16:13; 5:7
36Gen.
1:2; Job 33:4; Eph. 4:30; Isa. 63:10, 11;
Gal. 3:2-5; 1 Cor. 12:4-11; 2 Pet. 1:21; John 15:26; John
3:7, 8; Rom. 8:11; 2 Thess. 2:13.
statement as from the Lord, Paul uses it as from the
Spirit.
Chapter Summary
respectively.
frame.
Church.
truth centuries ago. From the time when the clergy turned
Christian history.38
38Moon,
The Adventist Trinity Debate Part 1:
Historical Overview, 117.
39Norman
L. Geisler, Systematic Theology
(Bloomington, MN: Bethany House Publishers, 2003) 2:298.
Father and the Son. Theirs was a concept not wholly
questions arise.40
the Bible depicts Jesus as the Anointed, both real God and
Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit as the most excellent
Trinity.45
controversy.47
creed states:
by Schaff.
Sabellianism51.
that the Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son.53
Godhead.
nature.
nature exclusively.
his personality.
Trinity.
relations.57
would not have the same essence at all and thus would not
be one God.61
revealed them. . . 64
states,
development is laid.
70Ibid., p186
Lastly reason was about the Holy Spirit being argued as
2:28.71
saving power.72
71Moon,
The Adventist Trinity Debate Part 1:
Historical Overview, 116-118.
72E.J.
Waggoner, Christ and His Righteousness
(Oakland, CA: Pacific Press, 1890), 19.
Due to the giving of uncompromising statements about
Jesus Christ, and the third Person of the Godhead, the Holy
were without seeing what the Bible really says. They had a
Summary
the divinity and personhood of the Son and the Holy Spirit.
The Roman Catholic Church then adapted the creed from the
neither three gods nor one god exists in the Deity. The
belief that there is God the Father, God the Son, and God
that the character and nature of the Three are equal. Even
understanding.
speculation.
holds fast that God the Son is begotten and not made out of
just out of nothing. This also makes the Son just coequal
by eternal generation.89
87Richard
P. McBrien, Catholicism: Study Edition
(NY: Harper & Row, 1981), 353.
88United
States Catholic Conference, Catechism of
the Catholic Church, 64.
89Paul
M. Collins, The Trinity: A Guide for the
Perplexed (NY: T & T Clark, 2008), 3. See also C.J. Peter,
Generation of the Word, NCE, 6:323.
90R.L. Richard, Holy Trinity, NCE, 14:301.
91L.J. Mc Govern, Trinitarian Procession, NCE,
11:821.
generated is to continue further the Biblically inspired
this.
suggestion that there was a time when the Son was not.
the Father and the Holy Spirit, the Son was made incarnate
subordination began as the Son took the human form and was
therefore made seem like a step lower than the Father. Yet
equal with the Father and the Son, of the same substance
101Ibid., 126
102UnitedStates Catholic Conference, Catechism of
the Catholic Church, 64-66. See also J. Forget, Holy
Ghost, The Catholic Encyclopedia (New York: Robert
Appleton Company, 1910), 214.
103UnitedStates Catholic Conference, Catechism of
the Catholic Church, 65.
104McBrien, Handbook of Catholic Theology, 726.
the existence of the identity of the Spirit or His
the Father and the Son. This affection of the Father and
Trinity.107
the Father and the Son. Further the Holy Spirit is from
the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son,109
the idea that the procession of the Holy Spirit makes the
Theological Implications
calls for the blood and person of someone who can surpass
who is not sought after by the law and whose innocent blood
consequently the one who can come up and even higher than
author puts it similarly this way with the remark that the
divine Son of God was the only one of sufficient value to
the sinners.
supremacy.
Jesus.
has a triune God. There exists the Godhead that is not just
those who love Him (Rom. 8:28). This entails more faith on
relationship.
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
plurality of God.
character.
Differences
Seventh-day Adventist View Roman Catholic View
The Holy Spirit proceeded The Holy Spirit proceeded
from the Father and Son only from the Father and the Son
on Pentecost but no by spiration which is the
procession or generation life process in God that
occurred for the Holy Spirit allows the Holy Spirit to be
to exist. acknowledged in its
personality. This led to the
composition of the Trinity.
Conclusion
confession that there exists not three gods but one God in
three persons, the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit; (2) there
views (4) that the Son is not a created Being, and that (5)
the Son is coequal with the Father just as the Holy Spirit
as sole authority.
the Holy Spirit. The Roman Catholic view defends that the
With the Father and Son, the Holy Spirit existed eternally.