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PRESENT SIMPLE

Start > started finish > finished


love> loved change > changed
AFFIRMAT NEGATIVE QUESTION
Stop > stopped prefer> preferred
I play I don t play Do I play ?
try> tried study > studied
You play You don t play Do you play ?
Play > played enjoy > enjoyed
He playS He doesn t play Does he play ?
She playS She doesn t play Does she play?
It playS It doesn t play Does it play? Two days ago Last night / month
We play We don t play Do we play ? Yesterday In 1992
You play You don t play Do you play? In May When I was a child
They play They don t play Do they play?
Se utiliza parar expresar acciones acabadas en cierto momento del
Start > starts swim > swims pasado: I wrote a novel last month
watch > watches kiss > kisses
Do > does wash > washes
Study > studies fly > flies
PAST CONTINUOUS
play> plays say > says
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
Adverbios de frecuencia Expresiones de tiempo I was playing I wasn t playing Was I playing?
Always sometimes You were playing You weren t playing Were you playing?
Usually rarely Every day On Tuesdays He was playing He wasn t playing Was he playing?
Generally hardly ever in the evening Once a week She was playing She wasn t playing Was she playing?
Normally seldom Each year Twice a month It was playing It wasn t playing Was it playing?
Often never Three times a week We were playing We weren t playing Were we playing?
I always arrive late You were playing You weren t playing Were you playing?
I eat pasta twice a week They were playing They weren t playing Were they playing?
I dont usually arrive late
Do you usually arrive late?
I am always late Se usa para expresar acciones que estaban en progreso en cierto
momento del pasado: I was studying the whole afternoon.
Se usa generalmente para expresar hbitos y rutinas, acciones que
se repiten con cierta regularidad : I always get up at 9.00 At 9 oclock last night, while, as, meanwhile
Para indicar horarios: The bus leaves at 7.00
PAST SIMPLE VS. PAST CONTINUOUS
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Se usa el pasado continuo para la ms larga de dos acciones, que es
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION interrumpida por otra accin corta que se expresa en pasado simple:
I am playing I am not playing Am I playing?
You are playing You aren t playing Are you playing? WHILE I was having a bath, the phone rang.
He is playing He isn t playing Is he playing? I was having a bath, WHEN the phone rang.
She is playing She isn t playing Is she playing?
It is playing It isn t playing Is it playing?
PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE
We are playing We aren t playing Are we playing?
You are playing You aren t playing Are you playing?
They are playing They aren t playing Are they playing? AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I have played / won I haven t played / won Have I played / won?
Start > Starting watch > watching You have played / won You haven t played / won Have you played / won?
Dance > dancing ride > riding He has played / won He hasn t played / won Has he played / won?
Stop > stopping begin> beginning She has played / won She hasn t played / won Has she played / won?
open > opening visit > visiting It has played / won It hasn t played / won Has it played / won?
die> dying lie > lying We have played / won We haven t played / won Have we played / won?
You have played / won You haven t played / won Have you played / won?
Now At the moment Right now
They have played / won They haven t played / won Have they played / won?
Today At present Look! Listen!
Hurry up! Whats the matter? This year
Se usa para expresar acciones que empezaron en el pasado y que
El presente continuo se utiliza para hablar sobre: tienen cierta relacin con el presente:
Acciones en proceso, que ocurren en el momento de hablar: I have visited London three times this month.
I am having breakfast at the moment Already Just Yet Before Never Ever
Acciones temporales: I am redecorating my room this week So far lately Recently For how long Since
Planes en un futuro cercano: I am seeing the doctor tomorrow /
soon / next week / tonight. Se traduce como ya
ALREADY Se utiliza en oraciones afirmativas
STATIVE VERBS: verbos que no suelen ir en gerundio. Son verbos que I have ALREADY eaten my sandwich
expresan: Se traduce como ya o todava
SENTIDOS: Feel, hear, see, smell, sound, taste Se utiliza en oraciones negativas e interrogativas
* I am seeing the doctor tomorrow (plan futuro) YET
She hasn t sung her song YET
* I am smelling these flowers Has she sung her song YET?
PENSAMIENTOS: appear, forget, know, seem, believe, guess, prefer, Se traduce como acabar de
suppose, consider, hope, realize, think, depend, imagine, remember, understand, JUST
Their plane has JUST arrived
doubt, mean. Se traduce como alguna vez (en preguntas) o jams
* I am thinking of you right now (en afirmaciones)
EMOCIONES: dislike, hate, love, want, doubt, like, need, wish, fear EVER
Have you EVER eaten Japanese food?
POSESIN: belong to, owe, own, possess, have John is the most handsome actor I have EVER seen
* I am having a shower (not possession)
MEDIDAS: cost, equal, measure, weigh Se traduce como nunca
Se utiliza en oraciones afirmativas
NEVER I have NEVER been to Australia
PAST SIMPLE Se traduce como durante
Se utiliza para indicar la duracin del periodo.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION FOR I have live here FOR ages
I played / wrote I didn t play / write Did I play / write? S Se traduce como desde
You played / wrote You didn t play / write Did you play / write? Indica el momento en que empez la accin
He played / wrote He didn t play / write Did he play / write?
INCE
I have lived here SINCE 1993
She played / wrote She didn t play / write Did she play / write?
It played / wrote It didn t play / write Did it play / write?
We played / wrote We didn t play /write Did we play / write?
You played / wrote You didn t play /write Did you play / write?
They played/wrote They didnt play / write Did they play / write?
PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I had played / won I hadn t played / won Had I played / won?
You had played / won You hadn t played / won Had you played / won? AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
He had played / won He hadn t played / won Had he played / won? I will be playing I won t be playing Will I be playing?
She had played / won She hadn t played / won Had she played / won ? You will be playing You won t be playing Will you be playing?
It had played / won It hadn t played / won Had it played / won? He will be playing He won t be playing Will he be playing?
We had played / won We hadn t played / won Had we played / won? She will be playing She won t be playing Will she be playing?
You had played / won You hadn t played / won Had you played / won ? It will be playing It won t be playing Will it be playing?
They had played / won They hadn t played / won Had they played / won ? We will be playing We won t be playing Will we be playing?
You will be playing You won t be playing Will you be playing ?
El Past Perfect se emplea para referirnos a una accin ocurrida They will be playing They won t be playing Will they be playing?
antes de otra accin en el pasado. La primera accin va en Past Perfect,
mientras que la segunda suele ir en Past Simple.
Se usa para expresar lo que estar ocurriendo en un momento
He went to bed, after he had finished his homework determinado del futuro.
(2 accin) (1 accin)
At this time tomorrow By 7 oclock
Already By the time after before At this time next By the end of

By the end of next week we will be travelling to Jamaica.


WILL
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION FUTURE PERFECT
I will play I won t play Will I play?
You will play You won t play Will you play?
He will play He won t play Will he play? AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
She will play She won t play Will she play? I will have played I won t have played Will I have played?
It will play It won t play Will it play? You will have played You won t have played Will you have played?
We will play We won t play Will we play? He will have played He won t have played Will he have played?
You will play You won t play Will you play ? She will have played She won t have played Will she have played?
They will play They won t play Will they play? It will have played It won t have played Will it have played?
We will have played We won t have played Will we have played?
Se utiliza will para expresar: You will have played You won t have played Will you have played ?
They will have played They won t have played Will they have played?
Decisiones tomadas en el momento de hablar: The phone is
ringing. I will answer it.
Predicciones o acciones futuras que normalmente no Se usa para expresar que una accin habr terminado en un
tenemos control sobre ellas (suele ir con expresiones como hope / momento concreto del pasado.
believe / think / expect / I am afraid / I am sure / probably /
perhaps): We will have started the exam by ten oclock
Real Madrid will win the next league.
Para expresar el futuro en la oracin principal cuando la By this time next week By ten oclock By then
oracin subordinada es de If o temporal con when, before, after, till,
until, as soon as, as long as, unless, by the time:
I will give her the book when I see her.
Para expresar amenaza, advertencia, ofrecimiento o
promesa:
I will send you a postcard from Paris.
This evening later next week
in the future Soon at 10.00
Tomorrow in an hour

BE GOING TO
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE
I am going to play Im not going to play Am I going to play?
You are going to play You aren t going to play Are you going to play?
He is going to play He isn t going to play Is he going to play?
She is going to play She isn t going to play Is she going to play?
It is going to play It isn t going to play Is it going to play?
We are going to play We aren t going to play Are we going to play?
You are going to play You aren t going to play Are you going to play?
They are going to play They aren t going to play Are they going to play?

Se utiliza be going to para expresar:

Planes hechos con antelacin o intenciones futura : I am


going to travel to Egypt. I bough the tickets yesterday.
Predicciones basadas en una evidencia que vemos en el
presente: The clouds are black. It is going to rain.

This evening later next week


in the future Soon at 10.00
Tomorrow in an hour

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