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Akshay Rathi, Anurag Mishra, Puneet Kr. Chaudhary
Deptt. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Anand Engineering College, Agra, India
akshay.rathi002@gmail.com, anuragtheking979@gmail.com, pkcaeceee@gmail.com
Abstract: This paper deals with Multi-pulse AC performance of increasing the number of pulses on
to DC conversion scheme for reduction of Total AC to DC converter. The performance enhancement
Harmonic Distortion. This conversion system of multi-pulse converter is achieved for total
employs a phase-shifting transformer and a harmonics distortion (THD) in supply current, DC
three-phase. Every such converter provides 6- voltage ripples and form factor. All the simulations
pulse AC to DC conversion, so in order to have been carried out for similar ratings of R Load,
produce more sets of 6- pulse systems, a uniform for all the multi-pulse converters configurations, so
phase-shift is required and hence with proper as to represent a fair comparison among controlled
phase-shifting angle, 6, 12, 36 pulse systems have continuations of multi-pulse converters. The
been produced. The performance enhancement presented simulation results show the reduced THD
of multi-pulse converter is achieved for total at supply side.
harmonics distortion (THD) in supply current,
II. MULTI-PULSE METHODS
DC voltage ripples and form factor. All the
simulations have been done on MATLAB Multi-pulse methods involve multiple converters
platform for similar ratings for same connected so that the harmonics generated by
configuration. The results are obtained for one converter are cancelled by harmonics
controlled converters for R Load. produced by other converters. By this means,
certain harmonics related to number of
Keywords: Multi-pulse, Total Harmonic Distortion, converters are eliminated from the power source.
Form factor, Ripple Content In multi-pulse converters, reduction of AC input
line current harmonics is important as regards to
I. INTRODUCTION the impact the converter has on the power
The paper deals with multi-pulse converter for system. For the simplicity & expediency these
high voltage & power application for example as in multipulse converter are shown in block of
HVDC. The technique shown is based on dc current positive and negative group. The detailed of
reinjection. Moreover, a control strategy over the positive group is shown in each of the section
whole range of phase delay angle is obtained along below, in which only positive group is shown.
with complicated input current and output voltage
study. Due to power electronics device various III. SIMULATION OF CONTROLLED MULTI- PULSE
harmonics are encountered and thus it subject to CONVERTERS
voltage dip. Devices such as adjustable speed drive, (I) 6-PULSE 12-PULSE AND 36-PULSE RECTIFIER
HVDC system, uninterruptible power supplies etc. MODELS
are employed with three phase ac-dc conversion. The basic configuration for HVDC uses a three
AC-DC converters also known as rectifier, are phase bridge rectifier or six pulse bridges,
developed by using thyristors and diodes which containing six electronic switches, each connecting
provides controlled and uncontrolled dc power. The to one of the three phases power supply. A
present work analyzes the different multi-pulse AC- complete switching element is usually referred to as
DC converters in solving harmonic problem in the a valve, irrespective of its construction. The
three phase system. It is also analyzed the simulated diagram of six Pulse Bridge is shown in
figure.1. Normally, two diodes in the bridge are converters. Figure1 shows 6-pulse diode bridge
conducting at any time, one on the top row (D1, D3 rectifier. The three single-phase AC voltage
and D5) and another from bottom row (D2, D4 and sources, each 120 degrees out of phase with the
D6). The two conducting valves connecting to two other, each being rectified through a diode, RL load
of three AC phase voltages, in series to the DC was used.
terminals. Thus the DC output voltage at any given
instant is given by the series combination of two
AC phase voltages. For example, if valves D1 and
D2 are conducting, then the DC output voltage is
given by the voltage of phase 1 minus the voltage of
phase 3. In fact, with a line commutated converter,
the firing angle represents the only way of
controlling the converter output voltage. Firing
angle control is used to regulate the DC voltages of
both ends of the HVDC system continuously in
order to obtain the desired level of power transfer.
For high power applications such as high voltage Fig: 1 six pulse converter on Matlab
DC transmission and DC motor drives, a 12 pulse
output is generally required to reduce the output (III). 3-PHASE THYRISTER RECTIFIER USING 12-PULSE
ripples and to increase the ripple frequencies. A The MATLAB 3-phase diode rectifier
three phase bridge gives a six pulse output voltages. demonstration model, described above, features
An enhancement of the six pulse bridge three single-phase AC voltage sources, each 120
arrangement uses 12 valves in a twelve pulse degrees out of phase with the other, each being
bridge. A twelve pulse bridge is effectively two six rectified through a diode and RL load was used.
pulse bridges connected in series on the DC side
and arranged with a phase displacement between
their respective AC supplies so that some of the
harmonics voltages and currents are get cancelled.
The phase displacement between the two AC
supplies is usually 30 and is realized by using
converter transformer with two different secondary
windings. Usually one of the valve winding is star
(wye) connected and the other is delta connected.
MATLAB software, particularly Simulink,
MATLAB's graphical interface is an Environment
for designing and modeling systems, was used to
model various aspects of the proposed power
generation and transmission system. MATLAB Fig2: Twelve pulse converter on Matlab
version 2012, equipped with the SimPower Systems
block set, was the software used. (IV). 3-PHASE THYRISTER RECTIFIER USING 36-PULSE
(II). 3-PHASE THYRISTER RECTIFIER USING 6-PULSE The block diagram representation of 36-pulse
converter and the corresponding connections are
shown in Fig.3 and detailed positive group 3 six-
The MATLAB SimPower Systems software is a pulse converters which are of positive phase
subsystem contains numerous demonstration sequence phase shifted by 100 from each other, can
models, including a model of a 3-phase diode provide thirty-six pulse conversion, and obviously
rectifier. This model was the inspiration for our with much lower harmonics on AC and DC side is
simplified models of 3-phase 6-pulse and 12-pulse shown in Fig. 4. Its AC output voltage would have
30n1order. Block diagram of 36 pulse converter.
In figure above there are two blocks, upper block is
showing the positive group and lower block is
showing negative group. The detail analysis of
positive group only is shown in Figure 4, negative
harmonics group is same as the positive group.