1.

0 INTRODUCTION

Industrial training or the internship program is one of the course that is compulsory for the
student to undertake to be able graduate. This course is important to student as it exposed the
student to the working environment. Student can learn all the important aspect that an engineering
that should have such as responsibilities, communication, and able to work in a team. These aspect
are important for student to learn as this skills are differentiate between a good engineer and bad
engineer. During the internship program, student will be able to apply the skills and knowledge that
they gained during the lectures.

For my internship program, I placed under the Eaglewood Venture, a company that is making
gaharu distilled water, a nutritious drink that is made from distillation of water that is mixed with
gaharu wood. The Eaglewood Venture Company is doing a joint venture with Faculty of Chemical
Engineering UiTM Shah Alam in making this product. Besides making the water, I also was placed
under a research officer, Encik Mohibbah to help him with the research. The research done is
treatment of palm kernel oil, effect of charcoal from different material, and treatment of palm oil mill
effluent (POME).

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2.0 COMPANY BACKGROUND

Eaglewood venture is a company that is newly established in this year which is 2017. This
company is currently produce a product called Ratu Gaharu which is also known as Gaharu distilled
water. This product is based on the joint venture between the Eaglewood Venture and the Faculty of
Chemical Engineering UiTM. This product is newly introduce to the market on May 2017. Even
though this product is newly introduced, but the demand is high. This product is used as the
alternative drinking water for healing many type of disease such as diabetes, high blood pressure,
gout, and stroke.

Before this the Gaharu wood is only used for the perfume. However, the research between
the joint venture of Eaglewood Venture and Faculty of Chemical Engineering UiTM has introduced the
other ways to utilise the natural sources of Gaharu wood. The Gaharu wood is injected with the
inoculant that is made by from the research by UiTM for 2 years. This product also has received
certification from SIRIM to acknowledge the safety for the consumer.

Figure 2.1: the Eaglewood Venture

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 Figure 2.2: the bottle of Gaharu distilled

2.1 Gaharu wood

This product is made from the gaharu wood which known scientifically Aquilaria malaccensis.
This species of wood is usually found in the India, Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines,
Singapore and Thailand. This wood is usually used for making incense and perfume. The gaharu
wood is formed in the heartwood of aquilaria trees when they become infected with a type of mould.
Because of the infection, the heartwood is odourless, relatively light and pale coloured; however, as
the infection progresses, the tree produces a dark aromatic resin, called aloes or agar. In response to
the attack, which results in a very dense, dark, resin embedded heartwood. The resin embedded
wood is valued in many cultures for its distinctive fragrance, and thus is used
for incense and perfumes. The gaharu wood is also in among the endangered species of plant. A
pieces of gaharu wood can reached about RM 20 000 30 000.

The benefits that can be obtained from gaharu is as follows:

1. For the kidneys

The gaharu wood is believed to be as herbal medicines for the kidneys. The tea from the
leaves can be used to treat the kidneys stone and kidney failure disease. This method of
using the gaharu is already done in China and Japan for hundreds years.

2. To relief the stomachache

The tea from gaharu can be used to resolve many stomachache such as bloated stomach,
constipation and diarrhea.

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3. Lowering the blood pressure
The gaharu wood can be used to treat the blood vessel clogging and allow the blood to flow.

4. Effective insomnia treatment

Terpenoids with sedative and anxiolytic effects found in the gaharu leaves can be used to
relax body and calm mind. The gaharu leaves contains no caffeine as it is an herbal infusion
and its unique substance will help to sleep better.

5. Controlling the cholesterol level

Polyphenol found in gaharu leaves, known for reducing the absorption of cholesterol in the
body.

6. For better health skin

Distillation from the gaharu wood will produced the oil. This oil obtained can be used to fight
the symptom of aging like wrinkles, fine line and marks.

7. For calming the mind

The gaharu wood is producing a good smell. This smell can calming down the mind.

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3.0 INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

3.1 Placement

During the internship period firstly I was at the Pacific Engineering company for 2
weeks. However during this 2 weeks I having a permission from the coordinator to transfer
from Pacific engineering company to the Eaglewood Venture for the remaining 8 weeks.
During the internship period with the Eaglewood Venture I was placed reseach assistant
under Encik Mohibbah Musa as my supervisor. During the period of internship, I was assiting
Encik Mohibbah in his research as in many fields as well as doing the works for the
Eaglewood Venture. For my works with Encik Mohibbah, I was assisting him with the research
in treatment of palm kernel oil, effect of raw material and treatment temperature on charcoal
and palm oil mill effluent. For the works for Eaglewood Venture, since the works is done when
only the product is finished sold. During this internship I was able to learning many things that
cannot be learned during my studies. The working environment needs me to be able to cope
with the works that is tasked to me.

3.2 Objectives

To be exposed to the working environment that is related to the industries

To be able to learn and experience the industrial culture, integrity and ethical works in the
working field.
To have a good communication between the fellows workers and supervisor

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4.0 ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

GENERAL MANAGER

SHAFINA BINTI MUHD FADZIL

ADVISOR

PROF DR KU HALIM BIN KU HAMID

OPERATION MANAGER MARKETING

QAYYUM BIN MUHD FADZIL MUHD FADZIL ZAINAL ABIDIN

ADMINIISTRATOR

ABDUL HAKIM BIN MUHD FADZIL

VENDORS

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5.0 ACTIVITIES DONE DURING THE INTERNSHIP

1st week

Report to the Pacific Engineering Sdn. Bhd. I was placed at the solar department
which making the solar tank by assembly the tank and the outerbody of the solar. The tank
was made from the stainless steel while outerbody was made from the aluminium. There are
2 size of the tank which are 40 gallons (182 litres) and 60 gallons (300 litres). This week I only
learned on how to assemble the solar tank.

2nd week

For this week, the first day of the intern, the production of solar tank is on halt
because there were not enough tank that is made and no quality checked (QC) is done on the
tank. I was assigned to the QC of the tank to ensure the production is continued. The QC of
the tank is done by making the pressure on the test to make sure there are no leaking on the
tank when the pressure is high.

3rd week

Due to certain circumstances, my internship program was transferred to Faculty of

Chemical engineering UiTM Shah Alam. during this transferred I was placed under the
Eaglewood Venture a company that is on joint venture with Faculty of Chemical Engineering
UiTM Shah Alam. I was placed under Encik Muhd Fadzil as my supervisor. I was also being
assigned to help Encik Mohibah in the research.

4th week

This week I was helping Encik Mohibah in his research about the type of charcoal
material and the temperature treatment. The sample was already prepare and I only need to
run it on the elemental analyser and calorimeter bomb. The elemental analyser was for
identifying the composition of the Carbon (C), hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N), Sulphur (S) and
Oxygen (O). The calorimeter bomb is used to found out the energy value in the charcoal. On
Thursday and Friday, I was helping the staff of Faculty of Chemical Engineering UiTM Shah
Alam in clearing and transferring the furniture from the Kenanga Block 4 to the Tower 1 and
Tower 2.

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5th week

On Monday, I was finishing to run the remaining sample of the charcoal in the
calorimeter bomb. The next day, I was assigned by Encik Mohibah to help him on a new
research which are treatment of the palm kernel oil. I was tasked to prepare the treated palm
kernel oil sample to be run on the gas-chromatograph mass-spectrum (GCMS). While
preparing the palm kernel oil sample, I was also helping on preparing a leachate that is also
needed to run on the GCMS Then on thurdays, I was tasked with the process of making the
gaharu distilled water.

6th week

This week, I return to do the lab activities on running the sample on GCMS. During
this week also, I was briefed on how to use the GCMS and the aspect needed to run the
GCMS. The treated palm kernel oil and the leachate sample are inserted to the GCMS to
obtain the data.

7th week

This week I continue with running the sample with GCMS. On Tuesday, I was helping
Encik Mohibah on transporting the lab equipment from the environment lab to the faculty of
chemical engineering UiTM Shah Alam. the next day I was once again, helping the Encik
Fadzil on thinning the gaharu wood from the log so that the wood can be inserted into the
grinding machine.

8th week

This week I also continue running the remaining sample with GCMS. On Thursday
and Friday, I was helping the staff with the painting the classroom. During these 2 days, I also
help organize the furniture in classroom and transporting the desk and chair to classroom.

9th week

For this week, there are a new task that is assigned to me which is related with the
treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME). The treated POME is needed to be run with the
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and calorimeter bomb. Then on the Thursday
and Friday, Encik Mohibah tasked me to help with making a food colouring.

10th week

This week until the end of the internship, I was helping with the making of film
packaging. The film packaging is made by using natural ingredient such as onion and
cabbage.

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5.1 Gaharu Distilled water

During my internship period I was assigned by my supervisor, Encik Mohibbah to help

the gaharu distilled water. This process is done in the environment lab of chemical
engineering in UiTM Shah Alam. This distilled water is produced by heating the mixture of
water and gaharu chip in an oven. The process of making the distilled water is a long time
since it using the principle of distillation of water. Process of making gaharu distilled water can
be simplify as follows:

The gaharu wood is collected

The wood is then cut into the

smaller piece

The smaller pieces of the wood is then

inserted into the grinding machine to turn
into chips

The water and the gaharu chips is then mixed

inside the distillation oven

The oven is heated for about 24 hour

Then the gaharu distilled water is produced

and store in a tank

The gaharu distilled water is then

packaged in the bottle and ready for sale

Figure 5.1.1: Gaharu distilled water process flow diagram

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 First the raw material which is gaharu wood is collected. Then the collected wood is cut into
the smaller pieces of wood so that the wood can be fitted into the grinding machine. The wood need
to be grind so that the surface area of the wood that could the in contact with water can be increase.
The water is added into the oven for about 200 L and the gaharu chips is added. The mixture of
gaharu chips and water is to enable the extraction process occurs. The water will extract out the
content in the gaharu chips so that the nutrient inside the gaharu chips will be available inside the
water. After that the mixture is heated in about 100oC to enable the water to be vaporized so that the
water can be purified by distillation. This process is take about 5 days for the water to be completely
distilled. Then the product is stored in the tank and then

Figure 5.1.2: Gaharu Chip

Figure 5.1.3: Process of making the gaharu distilled water

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5.2 Effect of raw material and treatment temperature on the charcoal.

The charcoal is created by using 3 different type of material which are waste from sago,
pineapple fibre and paper. These 3 material is firstly burn into the charcoal. Then the charcoal from
the material is each treated by heating them in a different temperature which are 400, 500 and 600 oC.
Then the charcoal is sent to the calorimeter bomb and elemental analyser. The calorimeter bomb is to
determine the energy value in the charcoal. If the energy value in the charcoal is high, then the
charcoal can be used for fuel and if the energy value of the charcoal is low, the charcoal is more
suitable to be as absorbent. Then the charcoal is sent to the elemental analyser to found out the
composition of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur in the charcoal. The result of the
calorimeter bomb is as follows:

Table 5.2.1: the energy value of the charcoal after run into the calorimeter bomb

SAMPLE WEIGHT (g) CV

(J/g)
WR1T1 0.6104 27585
WR1T2 0.5106 27146
WR1T3 0.5111 27727
WR2T1 0.5436 26579
WR2T2 0.6176 25193
WR2T3 0.5665 27935
WR3T1 0.5035 22279
WR3T2 0.523 20976
WR3T3 0.5384 22167

FR1T1 0.597 18119

FR1T2 0.8202 15148
FR1T3 0.541 14598
FR2T1 0.6159 11786
FR2T2 0.6852 11667
FR2T3 0.7195 12017
FR3T1 0.605 16933
FR3T2 0.5367 18496
FR3T3 0.6033 13283

PR1T1 0.5224 13563

PR1T2 0.5647 13905
PR1T3 0.6763 16280
PR2T1 0.5803 18436
PR2T2 0.536 18977

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 PR2T3 0.6536 16549
PR3T1 0.7912 15154
PR3T2 0.6741 15212
PR3T3 0.6315 16312
PR4T1 0.5823 16869
PR4T2 0.5976 14970
PR4T3 0.6884 16549

The result from the calorimeter bomb, some sample are having high energy value while some
sample have low energy values. This values, is differ maybe because of the type of the charcoal
produced from and the treatment it undergoes. From the result, of all 3 type of material sago, fibre
and paper, sago has the highest value of the energy value follows by paper and lastly fibre. Based on
the result also, we can see that treatment temperature also playing an important role in producing the
energy value.

Figure5.2.1: the equipment used in identify the charcoal

(Left: elemental analyser, right: calorimeter bomb)

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5.3 Treatment of Palm Oil mill effluent (POME)

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the waste water discharged from the sterilization process,
crude oil clarification process and cracked mixture separation process. According to the Parveen et al,
in Malaysia about 30 million tonnes of POME produced yearly. The POME produced from the palm oil
mill may resulting with the damaged environment and landscape. POME produced huge amount of
methane gas from its anaerobic process and has 21 times Global Warming Potential compared to the
other gasses. POME cannot be discharged to the river before it undergoes specific treatment due to
its acidic nature and very high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). Therefore, POME needs to be
treated first before discharging it to the nature.

Figure 5.3.1: Palm oil mill effluent being discharged to the nearby land

In this research, the POME is treated by firstly going through the spray dryer first. By going
through spray dryer, the POME is separated from the oil and the solid component. The separated
solid need to undergo another treatment which is sonication while the oil no longer need any
treatment. The solid component is then undergoes for the sonication for 2 type, one is sonication for 1
times and the other is sonication for 2 times. The treated POME is then sent to the lab to be run with
the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to identified the component left in the treated
POME and the calorimeter bomb to know its energy value after treated.

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 Figure 5.3.2 : separated Oil from POME

Figure 5.3.3: solid that is treated with 1 sonication

Figure 5.3.4: solid that is treated with 2 sonication

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 Table 5.3.1: Result from Calorimeter Bomb

Separated POME Mass (gram) Energy value (J/kg)

Oil 0.9349 13168
Solid treated with 1 0.7360 15486
sonication
Solid treated with 2 0.9666 14746
sonication

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