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While a fault occurs for some reason, at that time the repairing
process related to that particular cable is difficult due to not
knowing the exact location of the cable fault. The proposed
system is to find the exact location of the fault.
The project uses the standard concept of Ohms law i.e., when a
low DC voltage is applied at the feeder end through a series
resistor (Cable lines), then current would vary depending upon
the location of fault in the cable.
This proposed system provides a solution, which can ensure the safety
of the maintenance staff e.g. line man. The control to turn ON/OFF the
line lies with the line man only. This system has an arrangement such
that a password is required to operate the circuit breaker (ON/OFF).
Line man can turn off the supply and comfortably repair it, and return
to the substation, then turn on the line by entering the correct
password.
This system also provides four push button switches for adjusting the
temperature settings. Then the microcontroller continuously polls the
temperature information through a digital temperature sensor and
displays over the 7_segment display unit and automatically switches
OFF the lamp, when the corresponding temperature exceeds the set
point.
There are two pair sensors, each kept at certain distance from the
other. One pair of sensor consists of a transmitter and a receiver, kept
exactly opposite to each other. The transmitting part emits modulated
IR light which is received at the receiver end and fed to a
microcontroller of 8051 family.
When a person enters the room then microcontroller senses it (with the
help of IR sensors) and increments the count and displays it on 7
segment displays and also switches ON the load. In the same way
when a person exits the room, the count gets decremented. When the
last person exits from the room, the lamp is switched OFF. The load
operation is handled by a relay interfaced to the microcontroller.