Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/318402478
CITATIONS READS
0 33
3 authors, including:
Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:
All content following this page was uploaded by Cesar Ivan Alvarez on 13 July 2017.
INTRODUCTION
Urban expansion influences a landscape's structure and function, covering soils, destroying
natural vegetation and disrupting hydrological systems [1]. Green space over an urban area such
a park is very important because it is a fundamental component of any urban ecosystem having
relationship with the health in a city considering to have low pollution [2]. Also, the Green Space
in an Urban Area is the way to become an intelligent sustainable city [3].
In the cities around the world, the World Health Organization (WHO) suggests a minimum of 9
square meters of green open space per person [4]. Green space area can be obtained with
Geomatics techniques like photogrammetry, remote sensing, GPS and other ways [2,5,6]. In this
work, the main idea was to obtain the tree free areas from main urban parks to estimate an urban
green index space in Quito, Ecuador with UAV-base photography [5] and Geographic
Information Systems (GIS) [6] compared with the population in 2017. With this index calculated
with UAV-base photography, the result was from 6.08 square meters per person obtained with
more precision that a traditional way like satellite imagery used by Ecuadorian Statistic Institute
(INEC) in Quito from 21.66 square meters per person [7]. The discussion to consider is what
index should be considered to estimate the green space in Quito, because the result with UAV-
base photography with more spatial resolution at images shows less value than WHO
recommendation, but INEC shows more value than WHO.
The main advantage is to consider UAV flying altitudes tend to be low, UAV-based photography
is rarely affected by cloud cover (a serious problem in equatorial latitudes) and flight campaigns Figure 3. La Armenia Park zonification from
can be more flexibly planned and manipulated, also having better spatial resolution in pixel, Orthomosaic obtained with UAV Phantom 3.
considering a possibility that Urban Green space index obtained with UAV-based photography Figure 2. Main parks location in Quito Areas showed in square meters.
could have better results than with other remote sensing technique.
RESULTS
MATERIAL AND METHODS In the preliminary result, the zonification in main parks in Quito shows a Green Space Area take
tree zone from 75%, considering that this zone is the bigger in parks (Fig. 4).
In this work, the data collection was conducted based on a UAV imaging system DJI Phantom 3 Also, the result shows South region in Quito like the region with more tree zone with a high
Professional. The system comprises a RGB camera with 12.4 MP. This kind of UAVs can take value from 762.4 ha (Fig. 5).
off from and land vertically on a small open area and has an onboard flight controller with a
compass and inertial, gyroscopic, barometric and GNSS sensors (GPS and GLONASS). The
flight time with the current batteries is about 15 min. The field campaign was done in June,
2016, over Quito, Ecuador.
Quito is the capital from Ecuador. It has in 2017 close to 2.7 million people. It is known this city
has a few of green areas in parks but they are not well distributed. INEC estimated that urban
green index space is from 21.66 m2 per person in Quito. This data was obtained considering the
data of general census mapping. However, the problem is showed that general census mapping
considering that a park is all green space without considering the presence of other spaces, like
roads, courts, recreational areas, etc.
The methodology employed (Fig. 1) in this work considered the Urban Green Index, expressed
by the equation (1)
Urban Green Index (1) Figure 5. Tree Area in different regions in Quito
Figure 4. Percent Park
Zonification Areas
The final results with interpretation and calculation over high resolution orthomosaics show an
urban green index space from 6.08 m2 per person, considering only the region of interest in
parks like tree zones and grass (75% and 17% respectly), showing that in 2017 this index is
lower than the recommendation of WHO, which is 9 m2 per person.
www.PosterPresentations.com