RECOMMENDED PRACTICE

ISARP77.60.022000

Fossil Fuel Power Plant

Human-Machine Interface:
Alarms

Approved 25 July 2000

TM

ISAThe Instrumentation,
Systems, and
Automation Society
ISARP77.60.022000

ISBN: 1-55617-737-2

Copyright 2000 by ISA - The Instrumentation, Systems, and Automation Society. All rights reserved.
Not for resale. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise), without the prior written permission of the Publisher.

ISA
67 Alexander Drive
P. O. Box 12277
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
 3 ISARP77.60.022000

Preface

This preface, as well as all footnotes and annexes, is included for information purposes and is not part of
ISA-RP77.60.02-2000.

This document has been prepared as part of the service of ISA, the international society for measurement
and control, toward a goal of uniformity in the field of instrumentation. To be of real value, this document
should not be static but should be subject to periodic review. Toward this end, the Society welcomes all
comments and criticisms and asks that they be addressed to the Secretary, Standards and Practices
Board; ISA; 67 Alexander Drive; P. O. Box 12277; Research Triangle Park, NC 27709; Telephone (919)
549-8411; Fax (919) 549-8288; E-mail: standards@isa.org.

The ISA Standards and Practices Department is aware of the growing need for attention to the metric
system of units in general, and the International System of Units (SI) in particular, in the preparation of
instrumentation standards. The Department is further aware of the benefits to USA users of ISA standards
of incorporating suitable references to the SI (and the metric system) in their business and professional
dealings with other countries. Toward this end, this Department will endeavor to introduce SI-acceptable
metric units in all new and revised standards, recommended practices, and technical reports to the
greatest extent possible. Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric
System, published by the American Society for Testing & Materials as IEEE/ASTM SI 10-97, and future
revisions, will be the reference guide for definitions, symbols, abbreviations, and conversion factors.

It is the policy of ISA to encourage and welcome the participation of all concerned individuals and interests
in the development of ISA standards, recommended practices, and technical reports. Participation in the
ISA standards-making process by an individual in no way constitutes endorsement by the employer of that
individual, of ISA, or of any of the standards, recommended practices, and technical reports that ISA
develops.

CAUTION ISA ADHERES TO THE POLICY OF THE AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS

INSTITUTE WITH REGARD TO PATENTS. IF ISA IS INFORMED OF AN EXISTING PATENT THAT IS
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WITH THE STANDARD OR A LICENSE ON REASONABLE TERMS AND CONDITIONS THAT ARE
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EVEN IF ISA IS UNAWARE OF ANY PATENT COVERING THIS STANDARD, THE USER IS
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PROCESSES, OR MATERIALS COVERED BY PATENT RIGHTS. ISA TAKES NO POSITION ON THE
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HOWEVER, ISA ASKS THAT ANYONE REVIEWING THIS STANDARD WHO IS AWARE OF ANY
PATENTS THAT MAY IMPACT IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STANDARD NOTIFY THE ISA
STANDARDS AND PRACTICES DEPARTMENT OF THE PATENT AND ITS OWNER.

ADDITIONALLY, THE USE OF THIS STANDARD MAY INVOLVE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS,

OPERATIONS OR EQUIPMENT. THE STANDARD CANNOT ANTICIPATE ALL POSSIBLE
APPLICATIONS OR ADDRESS ALL POSSIBLE SAFETY ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH USE IN
HAZARDOUS CONDITIONS. THE USER OF THIS STANDARD MUST EXERCISE SOUND
ISARP77.60.022000 4

PROFESSIONAL JUDGMENT CONCERNING ITS USE AND APPLICABILITY UNDER THE USERS
PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES. THE USER MUST ALSO CONSIDER THE APPLICABILITY OF ANY
GOVERNMENTAL REGULATORY LIMITATIONS AND ESTABLISHED SAFETY AND HEALTH
PRACTICES BEFORE IMPLEMENTING THIS STANDARD.

The following people served as members of ISA Subcommittee SP77.60:

NAME COMPANY

R. Hubby, Chairman Consultant

W. Holland, Managing Director* Southern Company
S. Alvarez Compania Inspeccion Mexicana
D. Bernfeld Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation
T. Broyles Honeywell IAC
D. Crow TXU
D. Frey Dynalogic Engineering
N. Gordeuk MMI Environments Inc.
D. Hamme Max Corme Systems
H. Hopkins Consultant
D. Lee ABB Automation Inc.
S. Mattix Duke Power Company
G. McFarland* Honeywell Industrial Automation & Controls
G. Mead* Honeywell, Inc.
R. Paul Southern Company Services
L. Schroeder Axiom Technology Corporation
S. Stultz Baltimore Gas & Electric Company
D. Tennant International Applied Engineering
T. Toms Carolina Power & Light Company

The following people served as members of ISA Committee SP77:

NAME COMPANY

W. Holland, Managing Director Southern Company

L. Altcheh Israel Electric Corporation
S. Alvarez Compania Inspeccion Mexicana
J. Batug PP&L Inc.
L. Broeker Consultant
Q. Chou Consultant
D. Christopher Reliant Energy
D. Crow TXU
G. Davis Duke Power Company
H. Foreman Brown & Root Energy Services
W. Fryman Illinois Power Company
A. Gile Potomac Electric Power Company
R. Hicks* Black & Veatch
R. Hubby Consultant
R. Johnson Sargent & Lundy Engineers
J. Kennard Ontario Hydro

______
* One vote per company.
 5 ISARP77.60.022000

D. Lee ABB Automation Inc.

W. Matz Foxboro Company
G. McFarland* Honeywell Inc.
G. Mookerjee U.S. Department of Energy
N. Obleton* Honeywell, Inc.
R. Papilla Southern California Edison Company
G. Ramachandran Cytek Industries, Inc.
L. Rawlings, II Babcock & Wilcox
D. Roney Raytheon Engineers & Constructors
R. Roop Hoosier Energy Inc.
T. Russell* Honeywell Inc.
A. Schager Vitec, Inc.
C. Skidmore Consultant
T. Stevenson Baltimore Gas & Electric Company
C. Taft* Electric Power Research Institute
D. Tennant International Applied Engineering
B. Traylor GE ICS
J. Weiss* Electric Power Research Institute
T. Zuvlis Woodward Governor Company

This published standard was approved for publication by the ISA Standards and Practices Board on
25 July 2000.

NAME COMPANY

H. Baumann H. D. Baumann, Inc.

D. Bishop Chevron Petroleum Technology Co.
P. Brett Honeywell, Inc.
M. Cohen Senior Flexonics, Inc.
M. Coppler Ametek, Inc.
B. Dumortier Schneider Electric SA
W. Holland Southern Company
A. Iverson Ivy Optiks
R. Jones Dow Chemical Co.
V. Maggioli Feltronics Corp.
T. McAvinew Instrumentation & Control Engineering LLC
A. McCauley, Jr. Chagrin Valley Controls, Inc.
G. McFarland Honeywell, Inc.
R. Reimer Rockwell Automation
J. Rennie Factory Mutual Research Corp.
H. Sasajima Advanced Architecture and Technologies
R. Webb Altran Corp.
W. Weidman Parsons Energy & Chemicals Group
J. Weiss EPRI
J. Whetstone National Institute of Standards & Technology
M. Widmeyer EG&G
R. Wiegle CANUS Corp.
C. Williams Eastman Kodak Co.
G. Wood Graeme Wood Consulting
M. Zielinski Fisher-Rosemount Systems, Inc.

______
* One vote per company.
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 7 ISARP77.60.022000

Contents

1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................... 9
2 Purpose ............................................................................................................................................ 9
3 Definitions......................................................................................................................................... 9
4 Functional grouping of alarms ........................................................................................................ 10
5 Prioritization of alarms .................................................................................................................... 11
6 Order and consistency of alarms.................................................................................................... 12
7 Alarm colors.................................................................................................................................... 12
8 Alarm display format....................................................................................................................... 13
9 Audible alarm indication (audible signals) ...................................................................................... 13
10 Alarm acknowledge, reset, and test functions .............................................................................. 14
11 Unwarranted alarms ..................................................................................................................... 15
Annex A References ....................................................................................................................... 17
Annex B Alarm functional grouping panel alarm #1 (front view) ..................................................... 19
Annex C Alarm functional grouping panel alarm #2 (front view) ..................................................... 21
Annex D Label size guidelines........................................................................................................ 23
Annex E Letter size and spacing guide........................................................................................... 25
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 9 ISARP77.60.022000

1 Scope
This recommended practice is provided for the benefit of design engineers and, ultimately, plant operators.
Use of this recommended practice will result in a more coherent and useful application of plant alarms for
operations personnel. The goal of this recommended practice is to reduce alarm discrepancies, clutter,
excessive noise levels, and information overload.

This recommended practice will address the following alarm-related issues:

a) Functional grouping

b) Prioritization

c) Order and consistency

d) Colors

e) Formats and displays

f) Audio tone and pitch

g) Acknowledge, reset, and test functions

h) Nuisance alarms

These items are addressed both individually and with respect to their relationships with one another.

This recommended practice pertains to alarms displayed using lights or light-boxes, but not software
based alarms (e.g., CRT-based alarms) and is intended to supplement the information provided by
ANSI/ISA-18.1-1979 (R1992), Annunciator Sequences and Specifications.

2 Purpose
The purpose of this recommended practice is to provide advice and guidance in the development and
design of plant alarm systems. The primary application for this recommended practice is fossil power
plants; however, these guidelines are generic in nature, and suitable for use in other process industries.

3 Definitions
3.1 alarm:
an audible or visible means of indicating to the plant operator an equipment or process malfunction or
abnormal condition.

3.2 annunciator:
an electro-mechanical or electronic packaged alarm system, usually consisting of one or more "light-
boxes," associated logic, and power supply.

3.3 first-out:
in a multiple-alarm scenario, a method of determining which alarm occurred first.

3.4 light box:

plug-in alarm module used with hard-wired panel-mounted alarm systems.
ISARP77.60.022000 10

4 Functional grouping of alarms

4.1 Alarm grouping

In a fossil-fueled power plant, as in any process plant, the ideal way to group control and alarm functions is
by process area or system. For a fossil-fueled power plant, this grouping might consist of the following
major areas:

a) Fuel handling and preparation

b) Combustion air

c) Feedwater and steam drum

d) Main steam

e) Turbine

f) Generator

g) Turbine extraction and condenser

h) Condensate and feedwater heaters

i) Exit gas cleanup

j) Electrical auxiliaries

k) Mechanical auxiliaries

l) Steam auxiliaries

When a process problem or equipment failure occurs, the instrument and control functions for that process
or equipment area are most likely to experience abnormal conditions that caused the problem to occur.
For example, if a feedwater pump trips, the feedwater and steam drum area will most likely be first to
sense an abnormal process condition or equipment failure. In this case, the operator is notified that an
equipment failure has occurred. The operator then takes the appropriate corrective action. An example of
alarm functional grouping is shown in annex B.

4.2 First-out groups

The use of "first-out" groups when developing alarm system requirements should be considered as a
means of helping operations personnel determine which alarm, in a multiple-alarm situation, occurred first.
This approach is helpful in pinpointing the originating condition, for example, in an equipment trip or
process shutdown. The use of "first-out" grouping also allows the design engineer to subdivide an alarm
system into logical groups consistent with the functional groups such as those identified in 4.1.

4.3 Spare alarms

It is important when adding alarm systems, both in new construction and in retrofit work, to ensure that
each alarm group contains some spare spaces or channels, or both, to allow for future additions. By the
time a project nears the end of its construction phase, "spares" included in the design phase often have
been used to cover items overlooked in the original project definition or items added by plant operational
requirements after construction began. Thus, no real "spares" are left for future requirements.
 11 ISARP77.60.022000

5 Prioritization of alarms
To obtain maximum benefit from alarms, the arrangement should consider the needs of operators in
responding to a process upset or equipment failure. By grouping alarms in conjunction with a process
area, operators are able to identify the problem area soon after alarms occur.

5.1 Alarm priority selection

For alarms to be useful to the operator during times of equipment failure or process upset, each alarm
must be displayed in accordance with a priority determined from the process requirements. In any plant,
the highest priority must be placed on personnel safety. Subsequent priorities should be based on the
likelihood of catastrophic equipment damage or damage to the surrounding community due to fire,
explosion, toxic release, or equipment failure. In light of these requirements, the following priorities are
suggested for fossil-fueled power plants:

a) Personnel safety

b) Equipment safety/protection

1) Catastrophic equipment failure

2) Flame safety

3) Boiler protection

4) Turbine-generator protection

c) Process safety/protection

1) Combustion air system

2) Fuel system

3) Main steam and water system

4) Emissions monitoring

d) Miscellaneous

1) Balance of plant-electrical

2) Balance of plant-mechanical

5.2 Alarm categorization

Each of the categories, such as shown in 5.1, may be divided as appropriate to meet the specific
requirements (including the equipment types) of the plant site. Subgroups of these categories should be
developed wherever necessary to avoid an accumulation of alarms that are of little value to the operator in
an upset situation. Most important, proper prioritizing alarms will help the operator respond correctly and
quickly to any upset condition.

NOTE The items and the order of such in 5.1 are suggestions only and should be modified as necessary to reflect the type of
equipment and operating mode(s) involved. Examples of alarm prioritizing are shown in annex C.
ISARP77.60.022000 12

6 Order and consistency of alarms

The order in which alarms are displayed should take into account the prioritization of alarms. One way to
accomplish prioritization in a conventional annunciator arrangement is to use a "decision tree" in
developing the annunciator logic. This "decision tree" should be based on the type of unit and the
operating mode(s) involved. For example, a "once-through" boiler would have different equipment
priorities than a conventional drum-type boiler. Similarly, a small gas- or oil-fired peaking unit would have
different operational requirements than a base loaded, coal-fired unit.

6.1 Alarm consistency

Consistency in alarm presentation, order, and prioritization is necessary so the operator understands and
reacts the same way for each type of alarm. Each plant site should have a standardized approach for
alarm(s) presentation, order and prioritization. ANSI/ISA-18.1-1979 (R1992), Annunciator Sequences and
Specifications, provides guidance in selecting the alarm functions required or desired for each application.

6.2 Alarm sequence

Particular attention should be given to specifying the alarm sequence in a plant modernization or
expansion. The alarm sequence specified should be consistent with the sequences already in use
wherever practical. Likewise, alarm descriptions and functions should be consistent with those already in
use. The wording (and particularly the abbreviations) used in identifying alarms should be the same as
those used on panel labels and engineering drawings. Alarm lettering, coloring, and response required
should be consistent with that already in use wherever possible. Attention to alarm sequence, wording,
lettering, coloring and required operator response will lessen the possibility of confusion and error in
response by the plant operating staff. Selection of alarm functions should be consistent with the approach
already in use at the plant.

Review of alarm functions and sequencing should be included as part of the P&ID review or control logic
review. The review process should include both Operations and Engineering personnel to ensure both
suitability of alarm function as well as consistency with plant operating practices.

6.3 Reorganization of alarms

When a major modernization or expansion of a plant is planned that will result in the addition of substantial
numbers of alarms, consideration should be given to reorganizing alarm groups. This reorganization, if
required, will ensure that the overall alarm functionality is maintained while eliminating the need for the
operator to differentiate between "old equipment" alarms and "new equipment" alarms.

7 Alarm colors
Color is used in alarm systems to denote the alarm condition of the process variable or equipment in an
alarm state. With conventional "light-box" electro-mechanical annunciators, a process variable or
equipment entering an alarm condition usually is indicated by the appropriate annunciator window
changing to a flashing light that is accompanied by an audible warning. The flashing annunciator window
is usually red or white, but may be some other color, depending on plant standards. When the operator
acknowledges the alarm, the annunciator window stops flashing but remains in its "alarm" color state until
the annunciator is reset or the process variable or equipment returns to a normal state. The use of
different colors may also be effective in prioritizing critical alarms. Caution should be exercised, however,
when using colors, as some operators may be color blind to certain colors or combinations of colors,
especially red combined with green.

NOTE Many plants have a combination of non-programmable and programmable alarms. The color scheme of these two alarm
types should be compatible to facilitate operation alarm recognition from other sources.
 13 ISARP77.60.022000

8 Alarm display format

The display format used to arrange alarm groupings should consider the locations of the alarm lights with
respect to the operator, ambient lighting conditions, and also the control center, panelboard, or field
cabinet arrangement. For example, in a central control room where multiple process units are operated,
the alarms should be grouped by unit(s) and by major equipment to minimize confusion.

8.1 Physical arrangement of alarm equipment

When commercial "light-box"-style annunciators are used for alarm displays, the number of points to be
alarmed will dictate how many windows are required. Most systems will support up to 4 points per light-
box. Newer, miniature alarm units, which use LED indicators rather than backlit windows, are generally
designed for mounting in the control panel. These miniature alarm units typically require about as much
panel space as a conventional 1/8 DIN "single-loop" controller (144 mm [5-21/32 in.] high by 72 mm
[2-27/32 in.] wide). Pilot light-style alarms may be employed in control-room settings but are more
common in field-mounted applications, where their design provides effective environmental protection.

8.2 Alarm equipment selection

The type of alarm unit employed should be based on the total number of points to be alarmed, the number
of points in each alarm group, the panel space available, and the distance of the operator from the alarm
display. For example, in a conventional board-style control-room situation, the "light-box"-style
annunciator units would be suitable for mounting in a vertical boiler or turbine panel while still providing
good visibility for operating personnel. Miniature LED-style annunciators, on the other hand, would be
suitable for mounting in the benchboard beside the unit controls. Pilot light-style alarms require a suitably
labeled (engraved or stamped) name plate indicating the process condition being alarmed. When pilot
light-style alarms are to be employed, care must be taken to ensure that enough panel space is allowed for
each name plate.

8.3 Alarm lettering

When "light-box" annunciators are used, care must be taken to ensure that lettering on window faces is
large enough to permit easy reading by the operator from the control benchboard. For this reason, the use
of quad-input annunciator windows should be restricted to those applications where the operator can stand
directly in front of the annunciator. Quad-input window annunciators are usually suitable for field-mounted
panels, where operator access is usually required for equipment or process monitoring. In control room
settings, the use of single- or dual-input annunciator window(s) is recommended for those applications
where the light-boxes are to be mounted in a vertical board behind the benchboard.

For further information on the size and height of annunciator labels, nameplate labeling examples from
ISA-RP60.6-1984 are shown in annex D. While ISA-RP60.6-1984 addresses nameplate labeling versus
annunciator window labeling, the text size and spacing information is applicable to annunciator window
legends as well. Wherever possible, abbreviations used should conform to plant or company standards or
the requirements of ANSI Y1.1, Abbreviations for Use on Drawings and in Text.

9 Audible alarm indication (audible signals)

Audible signals (when used as part of an alarm system) are designed to call the operators attention to an
alarm condition. Some confusion may arise if a number of alarms occur simultaneously, as might happen
in the event of a major process upset or equipment failure. Various alarm tones may be utilized to
distinguish alarms from different process areas or between alarm priority levels. Care should be taken,
however, not to use so many different tones that memorization of tones is required for an operator to
respond correctly to an alarm. Voice synthesized alarms and alarm pagers provide additional alternatives
for alarm discrimination.
ISARP77.60.022000 14

9.1 Audible alarm signals

Audible signals may be provided by bells, horns, or piezoelectric buzzers. Alarms generally operate at a
center frequency of approximately 1000 Hz, with lower limits of about 500 Hz and upper limits of about
3000 Hz. Frequencies outside these limits should be avoided due to the inability of some individuals to
hear them. Audible signals should be loud enough to be heard over normal control center or equipment
background noise, but not so loud as to cause annoyance or discomfort for operating personnel normally
in the area. For optimum response to alarms, audible signals should be approximately 25 to 30 dB above
the normal "background" noise level.

10 Alarm acknowledge, reset, and test functions

When an alarm occurs, a predictable response from the operator is desired. Similarly, predictable actions
in correcting an alarm by the operator are also desired. Therefore, care should be taken to ensure that a
repeatable sequence is followed in acknowledging an alarm.

10.1 Alarm acknowledge

An alarm "acknowledge" function should cause audible warning device(s) to be silenced. The visual
indication should remain in the "alarm" color or light mode until the alarm condition clears or is manually
reset by the operator.

10.2 Alarm reset

An alarm "reset" function, if included in the alarm system or display structure, should cause the visual
indication to return to its "non-alarm" color or light mode as soon as the alarm condition clears. The "reset"
provision should not cause any change in the visual indication while the process variable being monitored
remains outside its normal limits.

10.3 Alarm test

An alarm "test" function should cause all visual indicators to enter the alarm state and should cause the
audible signal to sound. Once the alarms have sounded, the same "acknowledge" and "reset" functions
described earlier would apply. The purpose of the "test" function is to verify proper operation of the audible
and visible indicators comprising the alarm system.

10.4 Location of alarm acknowledge, reset, and test functions

Alarm "acknowledge," "reset," and "test" functions should be located on the portion of the control panel or
benchboard controlling equipment that is covered by the alarm light-box or panel. For example, the
combustion control benchboard would be the location of choice for the "acknowledge," "reset," and "test"
push buttons for the alarm light-box covering the combustion control and burner management systems.
When a light-box covers functions not controlled from a control panel in the control area, the
"acknowledge," "reset," and "test" devices should be located as close to the alarm light-box as possible,
while still ensuring easy operator access.
 15 ISARP77.60.022000

11 Unwarranted alarms
Unwarranted alarms are alarms initiated by a monitored-process variable which continuously goes in and
out of "alarm" condition, or by high/low process variables when associated equipment is out of service.
This situation can be avoided by setting the process variable limits, or "alarm" points, and alarm
deadbands so to eliminate the effect of noisy process variables triggering repeated unwarranted alarms.
Alarm cutouts (defeats) can be used to eliminate unwarranted alarms related to out of service equipment.
Setting alarm limits and/or deadband is usually adjusted by changing the settings of the devices used to
monitor the process.
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 17 ISARP77.60.022000

Annex A References

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI)

Y1.1 Abbreviations for Use on Drawings and in Text

Available from: ANSI

11 West 42nd Street
New York, NY 10036 Tel: (212) 642-4900

ISA

ANSI/ISA-18.1-1979 (R1992) Annunciator Sequences and Specifications

ISA-RP60.6-1984 Nameplates, Labels, and Tags for Control Centers

Available from: ISA

67 Alexander Drive
P.O. Box 12277
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
Tel: (919) 549-8411
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 19 ISARP77.60.022000

Annex B Alarm functional grouping

panel alarm #1 (front view)

BOILER #1 MAKE UP
BOILER #1 BOILER #1 BOILER FEED WATER
DRUM LEVEL WATER
FLAME FAILURE F.D. FAN FAILURE LOW PRESSURE
HIGH/LOW LOW PRESSURE
1-1 2-1 3-1 4-1 5-1 6-1

BOILER #2
BOILER #2 BOILER #2
DRUM LEVEL
FLAME FAILURE F.D. FAN FAILURE
HIGH/LOW
1-3 2-3 3-3 4-3 5-3 6-3

BOILER #3
BOILER #3 BOILER #3 DEAERATOR
DRUM LEVEL
FLAME FAILURE F.D. FAN FAILURE LOW LEVEL
HIGH/LOW
1-5 2-5 3-5 4-5 5-5 6-5

BOILER #4
BOILER #4 BOILER #4 DEAERATOR
DRUM LEVEL ACID LINE
FLAME FAILURE F.D. FAN FAILURE HIGH LEVEL
HIGH/LOW
1-7 2-7 3-7 4-7 5-7 6-7

BOILER #5 BOILER #5
BOILER #5 BOILER #5
DRUM LEVEL I.D. FAN FAILURE
FLAME FAILURE F.D. FAN FAILURE
HIGH/LOW
1-9 2-9 3-9 4-9 5-9 6-9

BOILER #6
BOILER #6 BOILER #6 BOILER #6
DRUM LEVEL
FLAME FAILURE F.D. FAN FAILURE I.D. FAN FAILURE
HIGH/LOW
1-11 2-11 3-11 4-11 5-11 6-11

FUEL GAS REF. FUEL OIL

LOW PRESSURE LOW PRESSURE
1-13 2-13 3-13 4-13 5-13 6-13

EMERGENCY AIR PLANT AIR

COMPRESSOR LOW PRESSURE
RUNNING
1-15 2-15 3-15 4-15 5-15 6-15

FIRE MAIN
LOW PRESSURE POWER FAILURE
NOTIFY SAFETY
1-17 2-17 3-17 4-17 5-17 6-17

ACK RESET TEST

1-19 2-19 3-19 4-19 5-19 6-19
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 21 ISARP77.60.022000

Annex C Alarm priorities

panel alarm #2 (front view)
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 23 ISARP77.60.022000

Annex D Label size guidelines

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 25 ISARP77.60.022000

Annex E Letter size and spacing guide

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ISBN: 1-55617-737-2