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PARAGRAPH A 31-BRAVO

Something is killing the clients of a clinic in this Brazilian town. All 126 patients who
underwent dialysis at the Kidney Disease Institute between Feb.13 and Feb.16 fell ill with
symptoms ranging from nausea and blurred vision to convulsions and internal hemorrhaging; by last
week 40 had died and 68 remained hospitalized. Experts believe the outbreak, diagnosed as a
nervous-system infection and toxic hepatitis, was caused by microcystin, which was discovered in
the water and the filters of the dialysis machines. An initial probe found that the clinic had failed to
perform required inspections of the dialysis water and that the staff lacked the qualifications to
operate the machinery.

1.- All 126 patients who ......... at the Kidney Disease Institute fell ill.

(A)- were diagnosed as dialethics.

(B)- received dialysis treatment.
(C)- remained hospitalized.
(D)- died of dialysis.

2.- What was one of the symptoms of the disease ?.

(A)- Bleeding.
(B)- Hepatitis.
(C)- Microcystin.
(D)- Blindness.

3.- Who thinks the illnesses were caused by microcystin ?.

(A)- Specialists in the field.

(B)- Dialysis machine operators.
(C)- Nurses who were not sufficiently qualified.
(D)- Someone who did not permit them to work.

4.- What was discovered in the machines ?.

(A)- There was a probe in the water.

(B)- A substance in the liquids and filters.
(C)- An infection in their nervous system.
(D)- Huge particles causing blockages.

5.- What could be said about the clinics staff ?.

(A)- They killed 40 clients on purpose.

(B)- They provoked an outbreak in the machinery.
(C)- They didnt know how to handle the machinery properly.
(D)- They didnt know anything about blurred vision and so on.

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 PARAGRAPH B

The three-day business conference of 500 or so participants is deliberately timed to coincide

with UNCTAD IX, a high level intergovernmental conference ( with its estimated 3000 participants
) that will be taking place over a two-week period at the same venue in South Africa and whose
agenda focuses on issues of globalization, liberalization and enterprise development. Many heads of
government and Ministers of Trade, Industry, Commerce and Finance will attend the global
intergovernmental gathering, and an opportunity will therefore be provided for regional
businessmen and top executives of transnational corporations to interact with the key policy
formulators and decision makers in both Africa and the rest of the world.

1.- From the text, we understand that...

(A).- Both conferences will take place in the same avenue.

(B).- Both conferences will be developed in three days.
(C).- Both conferences will take place at the same time.
(D).- Both conferences will be prepared by UNCTAD CO.

2.- What is the UNCTAD IX?

(A).- A trademark.
(B).- A play.
(C).- A briefing.
(D).- A summit.

3.- What is focused on issues of globalization ?

(A).- The menu.

(B).- The diary.
(C).- The program.
(D).- The dietary.

4.- Who will go, among others, to the intergovernmental gathering ?.

(A).- Many trade union leaders.

(B).- Representatives of several States and Nations.
(C).- African shop-owners.
(D).- South African decision makers.

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 5.- What opportunity will the managers of businesses probably have?

(A).- To have interactive ideas.

(B).- To communicate with important decision makers.
(C).- To learn how to globalize enterprises.
(D).- To see what policies and decisions will be made by
businessmen and top executives.

PARAGRAPH C

Critics argue that Americas rising weapons sales will turbocharge regional arms races -
66% of all U.S. exports go to the Third World countries, among which are many fragile autocracies
vulnerable to sudden power shifts. While smuggling weapons abroad may delay the Pentagons and
its client industrys shrinkage, it perpetuates an addiction for military privileges. As Randall
Forsberg, director of the Institute for Defense and Disarmament Studies in Cambridge,
Massachusetts, puts it, "The forces and defense industries needed by the industrial countries are
largely a function of regional arms buildups created by their own arms exports."

1.- There is evidence that...

(A)- 66 % of U.S. exports go to developed countries.

(B)- 66 % of U.S. exports go to underdeveloped countries.
(C)- 66 % of U.S. exports go to fragile autocracies.
(D)- 66 % of U.S. exports go to financially ruined democracies.

2.- How are Third World countries considered in the text ?.

(A)- All of them are easily broken autocracies.

(B)- All of them are fragile democracies.
(C)- Some of their inhabitants do shift-work.
(D)- Some of them are weak regimes.

3.- Smuggling arms abroad benefits:

(A)- Military personnel.

(B)- All industrial countries.
(C)- Forsbergs Institute.
(D)- The Pentagon and its client industry.

4.- Which of the following statements is true ?.

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 (A)- Mr. Forsberg is the chairman of a U.S. institute.
(B)- Mr. Forsbergs statements go against critics arguments.
(C)- Mr. Forsberg is the director of an American high school.
(D)- Mr. Forsberg is the coach of an American agency.

5.- What can be concluded from this paragraph ?.

(A)- Critics are cheerful about Americas arms sales.

(B)- Mr. Forsberg is a smuggler of arms.
(C)- Critics are looking forward to selling arms deceitfully.
(D)- Critics disapprove of Americas arms sales policy.

PARAGRAPH D

At that moment Fort Wagner became a mass of fire, from which poured a stream of rubble
and shell. Just a brief break, and the deafening explosions of cannon were renewed, mingled with
the crash and rattle of musketry. A sheet of flame, followed by a running fire, like electric sparks,
destroyed the parapet. When this tempest of war came, before which men fell in numbers on every
side, the only response the Fifty-fourth made to the deadly challenge was to change step to the
double-quick, that it might the sooner close with the foe. There had been no stop, pause, or check
at any period of the advance, nor was there now.

1.- Although not stated openly, there is evidence that...

(A)- General Wagner finally died.

(B)- The Fifty-fourth regiment retreated after the bombing.
(C)- There was a short pause before cannons went on shooting.
(D)- The Fifty-fourth regiment changed its mind and retreated.

2.- What happened after the short interval of quiet ?.

(A)- The cannons were replaced.

(B)- Musketry was shabby and dirty.
(C)- The fire reached the parapet.
(D)- The enemy surrendered.

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 3.- What was the purpose of changing step ?.

(A)- To flee from the enemy.

(B)- To become a friend of the enemy.
(C)- To appeal the enemy.
(D)- To approach the enemy.

4.- How can this tempest of war be considered ?.

(A)- an innocuous challenge.

(B)- a harmless attack.
(C)- a deadly attack.
(D)- a twisted provocation.

5.- What could be the topic of the passage ?.

(A)- The feats of General Wagner.

(B)- Pyromaniacs in the First World War.
(C)- A fire in Fort Wagner.
(D)- The assault on Fort Wagner.

ANSWER SHEET:

31-BRAVO

1.-B 11.- B 21.- 31.- 41.-

2.-A 12.- D 22.- 32.- 42.-

3.-A 13.- D 23.- 33.- 43.-

4.-B 14.- A 24.- 34.- 44.-

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5.-C 15.- D 25.- 35.- 45.-

6.-C 16.- C 26.- 36.- 46.-

7.-D 17.- C 27.- 37.- 47.-

8.-C 18.- D 28.- 38.- 48.-

9.-B 19.- C 29.- 39.- 49.-

10.-B 20.- D 30.- 40.- 50.-

Error!Marcador no definido.