Marking key: CLA2323 Practice Test: Sept.

20

General
The test = 100 points, plus 5 points possible extra credit, = 105 points possible.
Part I: 6 x 6 points = 36. Part II: 3 x 21 points = 63 points, plus 1 point free for all papers, = 64 points. Then the
extra credit = 5 points

Each answer caps at 6 or 21 points. Each answer bottoms-out at zero.

For fairness, this marking key piles-on possible points, above 6 or 21 points per question. But 6 or 21 points = the
max per question.

Marking relies largely on looking for catch-words or catch-phrases, to which are awarded points. The goal in
penalizing is mainly to penalize omissions. Only secondarily do we penalize what a student writes.

No penalties for grammar errors or incidental misspellings of English words.

However, we penalize point for misspelling any essential Greek name or Greek word. We penalize just once
per test-question: The same misspelling gets penalized twice if it shows up at two separate test answers.

No penalties for a student writing long. The test instructions give minimum answer-lengths, not maximums.

If a student answers more than six Part I questions or more than three Part IIs, we mark just the first six or the
first three answers in sequence.

Part II is divided into two sections, with at least one student-answer required for each section. If a student ignores
this rule, she loses the value of the missing answer, while her corresponding extra answer would be disqualified.
The extra answer would = the last one in sequence.

Give 1 point for every correct and relevant fact that is not covered in this key, while still capping at 6 or 21 points
per answere.

Part I: short answer: 36 points

Answer any six. Dont answer more than six. For an explanatory answer, give one or two sentences (unless
otherwise instructed). Note that some questions have more than one part.

Question 1) From Neolithic archaeology, what are the goddess figurines? Were they produced by Greeks? What
might be their significance for the formation of Greek religion and mythology?
See on Virtual Campus (VC) the Aegean mother goddess posting. Also, some comments made in Sept. 12 and
19 lectures.
Points: 3 + 1 + 2 = 6 points
For 3 points, adequately describe clay (1 point) female (1 point) figurines, some with exaggerated bodily
features (1 point). Possibly they were objects of worship (1 point for the concept). Mention site atal Hyk (1
point, or point if misspelled). Cap here at 3 points.
For 1 point: No, the figurines were not made by Greeks. They precede the Greeks arrival in the region.
For 2 points: Mention that this goddesss worship would eventually be subsumed into classical Greek religion.
Mention the Greek goddesses Hera (1 point, or if misspelled), Athena [Athene] (1 point, or if misspelled),
Artemis (1 point, or if misspelled), or Persephone (1 point, or if misspelled). Cap here at 2 points.

Cap answer at 6 points. The student must answer all elements of the question, for full 6 points credit.

Question 2) Name three major farming plains of Greece, and name an ancient city located on each plain.
On VC, see the posted lecture notes of Sept. 12.
Points: Six names, one point credit per correct name, = 6 points

Answers: The names are paired: plain and city. Any three of the following pairs will do. If the student incorrectly
matches a city and plain, we withhold 1 point of the 2 for each incorrect match.

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Marking key: CLA2323 Practice Test: Sept. 20

On the plain of Argos [or the Argive plain]

the city Mycenae [or Muknai] or city Argos or city Tiryns
no extra credit for naming more than one city of the plain. If the student includes any spelling errors in
overwriting, penalize the spellings at -point off, each
On the plain of Boiotia [Boeotia]
the city Thebes [or Thbai] or city Orchomenos [Orchomenus]
On the plain of Thessaly [or the plain of Phthia]
the city Iolkos [Iolcus]
On the plain of Messenia
the city Pylos
On the plain of Eleusis or plain of Thriasia
the city Athens
On the Isthmian plain
the city Corinth

If the student were to name Mycenae, Argos, and Tiryns, all on the self-same plain of Argos, that would be worth
only 2 points, assuming that all four names are spelled correctly.

3) Answer in point form. Translate any six of the following ancient Greek words. Write the word and your
definition: aoidos, lesch, symposion, Hellas, hroes, chaos, pithos, lekythos, numphai, muthos, Dioskouroi.

Points: 1 point each x 6 answers = 6 points

Answers: For full credit, students need not give all the info below but should deliver the essence
aoidos: a bard, singer of songs, ancient Greek oral poet. An answer of poet alone = point credit. Buxton
page 33 addresses the subject, without using the term aoidos
lesch: Buxton p. 28. A gathering place or conversation hall where citizens chatted and where myths were
retold
symposion: Buxton p. 28. Greek aristocratic drinking party. A students answer of a symposium without
further explanation earns point
Hellas: the land of Greece, the ancient and modern Greek word for Greece. An answer Greece suffices
hroes [this word is a Greek plural form]: these are the heroes of Greek myth: point. For the full 1 point credit,
the student should either translate the word as protector or defender or mention that a hero was often the son or
grandson of a god
chaos: meaning chasm in Greek: Buxton p.44. That translation is enough for full credit. An answer that
translates chaos as chaos is wrong: zero credit.
pithos: see Buxton p. 58 text and cutline: a large storage jar. A correct answer need not mention Pandora.
lekythos: a kind of ancient Greek vase (shaped as a jar or jug): Buxton p. 31. An answer vase suffices.
numphai [this word is a Greek plural form]: the nymphs or demi-goddesses of Greek religion and mythology:
Buxton pp. 184185. That one-word answer suffices.
muthos: literally a story, particularly a socially powerful traditional story (Buxton p. 18, near top) or perhaps
an untrue story thats believed (Buxton pp. 4041). Give point for the answer story and point for further
explanation. An answer of a traditional story would be just enough for full credit.
Dioskouroi: Buxton page 98 bottom (left-hand column): the children of Zeus or sons of Zeus or literally the
youths of Zeus. But an answer of Kastor and Polydeukes fails to translate the Greek: zero points

4) Among hundreds of examples, the Greek mythical heros name can be transliterated two different ways
into English. Give both transliterations, and briefly explain the two relevant traditions.
Points: 4 points + 2 points = 6
- For 4 points: the two forms Kadmos and Cadmus, spelled perfectly: worth 2 points each. If either one is
misspelled, award just 1 point out of 2

- Explain for 2 points: The Kadmos spelling closely transliterates the ancient Greek letters. The Cadmus
spelling comes from ancient Roman tradition, which transliterated the Greek letters into Latin. Student must
mention Roman or Latin for full credit on explaining Cadmus.

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Marking key: CLA2323 Practice Test: Sept. 20

5) Name three durable ancient materials that contribute to our knowledge of Greek mythology. Then explain clearly
how a material can help tell us a story. Write at least three sentences and preferably more.
- Buxton pp. 2225 on vase-painting, coins, etc.
- Points: name 3 materials at 1 point each. Then briefly explain how each material can take an image: at 1 point
more, each.
- So 3 + 3 = 6 points. Part credit as you see fit.
For example, coins (of metal) take a stamp that shows an image. Clay pots receive paintings that show an image.
Marble or bronze is sculpted into a statue (or bas-relief, etc.) with perhaps a narrative function. Stones or tiles go
into a mosaic that shows an image. Etc.

Otherwise give part-credit or zero credit for a vague answer. If the answer lists ruins of ancient Greek theatres,
how does that as a material contribute to our knowledge of Greek mythology? That answer earns zero. Similarly an
answer of vases (OK for 1 point) should go on to specify vase painting for the 2nd needed point.

6) Answer in point form. Aside from Homer and Hesiod, name three ancient Greek writers who are sources for our
knowledge of Greek mythology. Give an approximate date for each writer.
-Points: 3 names spelled correctly = 3 points. Three correct approximate dates = 3 points. 3 + 3 = 6 points
-See the ancient Greek writers chart at Buxton page 8.

All six answers should come from the chart. All names must be spelled correctly for the full 1 point; however,
please note the correct variant spellings: Aischylos/Aeschylus, Sophokles/Sophocles, Apollonios/Apollonius,
Kallimachos/Callimachus, and Apollodoros /Apollodorus, among others. Please Google up if youre unsure about a
correct spelling.

You can judge whether your date for each writer would earn the 1 point. Is the date in the correct century, at least?

Please note that Vergil [Virgil] and Ovid were not writers of Greek, as the question specifies.

7) Name three virgin goddesses of Greek mythology.

Points: 3 x 2 points each
Athena [Athene], Artemis, and Hestia. Two points for each correct name, correctly spelled. Or 1 points for a
correct name slightly misspelled.

8) In real-life history, who were the ancient Minoans? Answer in two or more sentences, including reference to
date-range and place.
-Points: Various points available, capping at 6 points.
-See the Sept. 12 lecture notes; the Virtual Campus (VC) posting on Mycenaeans versus Minoans and the timeline
Greek history; and Buxton p. 194

A kingdom or empire based on the island of Crete [2 points] at the city of Cnossus [Knossos] [1 point] during the
Bronze Age [1 point]. Or give the date range 19001490 B.C. [2 points: one point for each terminus]. Or give a
general date around 1500 B.C. [1 point]. Or we award point for an incorrect date that is reasonable.
The Minoans were not Greeks [1 point], but they strongly influenced [1 point] the Greeks (or Mycenaeans) of the
mainland in aspects of technology (or building, writing etc.) [1 point] and in religion [1 point], particularly in the
worship of goddesses [1 point].
Give 1 point for a correct spelling of Mycenaean here, or point if it is misspelled
Eventually the Minoans were snuffed out by a Mycenaean invasion of Crete [1 point].
The name Minoan was coined by archaeologist Arthur Evans [1 point] in reference to the Greek myth of King
Minos [1 point]. Or mention the Labyrinth [1 point] or the hero Theseus [1 point] or the Minotaur [1 point] or bull
leaping [1 point].

9) Literally, what are the meanings of the poem titles Iliad and Odyssey?
Points: 2 x 3 points = 6
Answers: Iliad = the poem (or tale, song etc.) about the city Troy [or Ilion or Ilium]. Odyssey = the poem (or tale)
about the hero Odysseus [or Ulysses].

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Marking key: CLA2323 Practice Test: Sept. 20

Give 3 points each for the correct answer. An answer saying just Troy and Odysseus would be adequate.
Penalize point if Odysseus is misspelled.

10) Describe the goddess Athenas birth, according to the poet Hesiod. Write at least three sentences.
-See Buxton pp. 4849.
-Various points, capping at 6

Award 1 point for mention of Athene [Athena] being born out of Zeus solo, and 1 point more for mention of Zeus
head.
First, Zeus had impregnated [1 point] the demigoddess Metis [1 point, or if misspelled]. He then swallowed
her [1 point] after hearing an alarming prophecy [1 point] about her future offspring. Eventually a terrible headache
[1 point] followed. With the help of Hephaistos [Hephaestus] [1 point, or if misspelled], Athena emerged out of
Zeus head. She was full grown [ point], in full armour [ point].
Cap at 6 points.

11) Name three femaleswhether goddess, demigoddess, or mortal womanwith whom the god Zeus had sexual
relations, and name the offspring of each union.
-Points: six correct names, one point each. Penalize one point for any mismatch: the wrong mother to Persephone
or to Athene, etc.
-See the textbook chart on pp. 4445 (lower part). As always, we accept a standard alternative spelling: Alcmene
or Alkmene, etc.
- The god Hephaestus may be identified as a son of Zeus and Heraeven though Buxton page 44 says by Hera by
parthenogenesis.

12) Name two mortal men with whom the goddess Aphrodite had sexual relations, and name any offspring from
either union.
- See Buxton pages 78 and 94.
- Points: Three names: 2 + 2 + 2 = 6 points
Answer: one human lover: Anchises (2 points, or 1 if misspelled). The child by that union: Aineias [or Aeneas]: 2
points, or 1 if misspelled. Another human lover: Adonis (2 points, or 1 if misspelled): no children

13) For any six of the following animals, name one Greek deity associated with it. Dont answer more than six.
Write down the animal and the deity name. Possibly, a deitys name may repeat here.
owl, eagle, peacock, horse, panther, donkey, doves, sparrows, goat
- Points: 6 x 1 point for six correct pairings with correct name-spellings.
- See the p. 69 chart, also p. 25 (bottom) cutline.

Owl = Athene [Athena]. Eagle = Zeus. Bull = Zeus or Poseidon. Cow = Hera. Peacock = Hera. Horse =
Poseidon. Panther = Dionysos [Dionysus]. Donkey = Dionysos or Hephaistos [Hephaestus]. Dove = Aphrodite.
Sparrow = Aphrodite. Goat = Dionysos or Pan or Hermes or Apollo

14) For any six of the following attributes, name one Greek deity associated with it. Dont do more than six. Write
down the attribute and the deity name. Possibly, a deitys name may repeat here.
torch, trident, thunderbolt, helmet and spear, ivy, bow and arrows, anvil, winged boots, aegis
- Points: 6 x 1 point for six correct pairings with correct name-spellings.
- See the p. 69 chart. Torch = Demeter. Trident = Poseidon. Thunderbolt = Zeus. Helmet and spear = Athene
[Athena] or Ares. Ivy = Dionysos [Dionysus]. Bow and arrows = Apollo or Artemis or Eros. Anvil = Hephaistos
[Hephaestus]. Winged boots = Hermes. The aegis = Athene [Athena] or Zeus.

15) Who turned into a laurel tree while being pursued by which god?
- Points: 2 x 3 points for two correctly spelled names.
- See Buxton pp. 190191: the nymph Daphne and the god Apollo. The two names only would = a correct answer.
Give 2 points for either name misspelled.

Part II: long answer: 64 points

3 x 21 = 63 points. + 1 point free at the end = 64

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Marking key: CLA2323 Practice Test: Sept. 20

Answer three, but at least one from each section, A and B. Dont answer more than three. For each, write at least
two substantial paragraphs: = a minimum of eight sentences, total. Feel free to write longer, but dont give
contradictory or alternative answers to a question. Note that some questions have more than one part.

Section A
1) Identify two prominent aspects of the geography of mainland Greece. For each one, discuss its effects on ancient
Greek mythology and/or religion. Be thorough in explaining.

Points: two parts: 11 + 11 points, but capping at 21 points

Answers: See the Sept 12 posted lecture note on Virtual Campus (VC). See Buxton pp. 180197

mountains: They were homes to the gods, demigods, etc.: Buxton pp. 180183
Cite mountains: 4 points. Mention generally homes to the gods or similar: 5 points
Then mention one mythological example from the Buxton pages: Mt. Olympos [Olympus] or Mt. Parnassos
[Parnassus] or Mt. Kyllene [Cyllene], et cetera: 3 points
- cap at 11 points

caves: They abound as byproducts of Greeces limestone and were thought of as intimate approaches to Mother
Earth (Gaia) or as the haunts of divinities like the Nymphs (numphai): Buxton pp. 184187, p. 47 (baby Zeus).
Cite caves: 4 points. Mention limestone: 2 points. Give any one mythological reference from the Buxton
pages: baby Zeus or the Nymphs or Gaia or King Minos etc.: 5 points.
Mention the caves of Cape Taenarum [Tainaron] [1 point] as being an entrance the Underworld [1 point]
- cap at 11 points

the sea: Greece has an immensely long coastline; seafaring was fundamental to ancient Greek real life; the sea
abounded in deities. Buxton pp. 192197 and p. 72 (Poseidon).
Cite sea for 6 points.
For 5 more points, mention the god Poseidon. Otherwise, give 1 point each for reference to Nereus, the Nereids,
Triton, or Proteus, or to heroes Jason or Odysseus.
- cap at 11 points

rivers and springs: Buxton pp. 188191. In thirsty Greece, fresh water was scarce, sacred. Water was the
haunts of demigoddesses or river gods.
Points: 5 + 2 + 5 = 12 points. But cap at 11 points.
Cite rivers/springs/freshwater sources: 5 points. Give some reference to water-scarce Greece: 1 point. Mention
low rainfall: 1 point.
For 5 more points, give any mythological reference from the Buxton pages.
- cap at 11 points

forests: Ancient Greek mountains held forests of oak, beech, fir, pine, and cypress. See Buxton p. 184 (tan box)
for tree nymphs.
Cite forests for 4 points. Mention mountains in this context: 2 points. Mention any of the kinds of tree in
the list above: 1 point each, capping at 5 points. Mention tree nymphs or dryads or hamadryads for 5 points. =
11 points possible

2) Discuss the main crops and the farming cycle of ancient Greece. Which deities were associated with which
crops?

Points: Name three crops: 10 points maximum. Mention the yearly cycle: 5 points maximum. Name three deities at
least: 10 points maximum. 10 + 6 + 10 = 26 points but capping at 21.

Answers: See the Sept. 12 lecture notes on Virtual Campus (VC).

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Marking key: CLA2323 Practice Test: Sept. 20

The main crops: (1) olives, (2) grapes, and (3) grain [= barley and wheat, mainly], for 3 points each. For the 3rd item
here, the answer must specify grain or wheat and barley for the full 3 points. Give just 2 points for an answer of
wheat or barley alone, or 1 point for a vague corn.
These three crops are called the Mediterranean Triad: Give one point extra credit for that fact.
Cap the above segment at 10 points

The cycle
- winter is relatively nutritive in Greece: 1 point. Summer is the blasted season: 1 point. Mention low rainfall: 1
point
- grain is sown in autumn: 1 point. germinates through the winter: 1 point. is harvested in May [or June or
spring]: 1 point.
- fruit trees are those that can survive the hot summer and sprout fruit afterward: 1 point.
- the fruit trees aside from olives include figs, pears, pomegranates: give 1 point for any mention, = 3 points
possible.
Cap the above segment at 6 points.

Three crops deities

3 points each for a correct pairing: Athena [Athene] = olive. Dionysus [Dionysos] = grape. Demeter and/or
Persephone = grain
Withhold 2 points for any wrong pairing.
For an answer of Zeus here, give 1 point. Zeus as the weather-god was relevant.
Cap the above at 10 points.

Cap the whole answer at 21 points.

3) In real-life prehistorynot in Hesiods poetrywhat might be the origins of the Greeks worship of their god
Zeus? What range of evidence supports your answer? Please answer thoroughly.

Points: about 6 x 5 points = 30 points, but capping at 21

Answers: See the Sept. 12 lecture notes on VC

Mention the root dyeu in Zeus name (5 points) as a token of authentic Greek origin (5 points) or of Indo-European
origin (5 points). Translate as Bright One or shining (etc.) for 5 points. Explain as sky or Sky Father for 5
points.
For 5 points, mention any other Sky Father god (or god of thunder) worshipped by other recorded Indo-European
peoples: Jupiter of the Romans, Dyaus Pitar of ancient Indic peoples, Tiu or Tyr or Thor of the Germans or Vikings.
Or Odin/Wotan. This = 5 points, once only.
Penalize point, once, for every misspelling: Zues

The following answer would be worth about 12 points out of 21: Zeus seems to be an original Greek sky father,
similar to the king god of some other ancient peoples. We know this partly from his name.

4) Write about the geographic formation called the Peloponnese. Where is it? What is it? What ancient civilizations
did it hold? What were its prominent sites? Whats its importance for Greek mythology?

On VC, see the Sept. 12 lecture notes and the Mycenaeans versus Minoans and timeline memos. Buxton map on
pp. 1213
Various points, capping at 21

In southern mainland Greece (2 points), the Peloponnese is a peninsula (2 points) with a jagged, indented coastline
(1 point), including the narrow Isthmus (2 points) near Corinth (1 point).
Its name means island of Pelops (2 points or 1 if misspelled), Pelops having been a Greek hero (1 point).

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Marking key: CLA2323 Practice Test: Sept. 20

Prominent cities have included Mycenae, Pylos, Argos, Sparta, Olympia, etc.: Give a max of 7 points here for
seven cities correct named and correctly spelled. (Give point for a misspelled city name that is a correct city on
the Peloponnese.)

Mention the Mycenaean Civilization: 3 points (or 2 if misspelled) of 16001200 B.C. (2 points for each correct
terminal date: 4 points possible). Mention the pre-Greek aboriginal civilization, which too seems to have been
centered on the Peloponnese (3 points for the concept): at Lerna (1 point in this context), at the House of the Tiles (1
point). For the aboriginal culture, mention the Bronze Age (1 point) or the date 2100 B.C. (2 points).
The pre-Greek mother goddess (1 point) seems to have had a sanctuary (1 point) on the plain of Argos (1 point),
which in classical times would be a temple of the goddess Hera (1 point).

As the Peloponnese was the heart of Mycenaean civilization (1 point for the concept), so is it the heart of Greek
mythology: many of the myths take place there (3 points for the concept). Relevant heroes include Heracles,
Perseus, Nestor, etc.: Give 1 point for each correct hero-name thats correctly spelled, capping at 5 points. (Penalize
point for each misspelling.)

5) No paragraph-writing required for this question. Give a timeline for early Greek history, 2100700 B.C.

Points: 11 possible entries at 3 points each = 33 points. But cap at 21 points.

See the Timeline posted on Virtual Campus: It has 11 entries. See also Buxton p. 8 top.
We credit up to 3 points per entry: 1 point for a correct date, or 2 points for a correct date-range, and 12 points for
an adequate factual note. Cap each entry at 3 points
A students answer could earn full credit with seven perfect entries.

6) Fully identify the ancient Greek poet Homer, and discuss Homer as being the culmination of a prior Greek
cultural tradition. Be specific re: Homers historical date-range, subject matter, and artistic technique.

- See Homer on the Virtual Campus posted Timeline and at Buxton pp. 3135.
- Points: 17 + 4 = 21 points

Cap at 17 points
Homers date = circa 750 B.C.: 3 points or 1 point for an approximate date
Identify the prior tradition as oral composition or oral storytelling or unwritten poetry etc.: 5 points.
A possible start-date for the oral storytelling tradition: around 1100 or 1200 BC: 2 points. Or mention the Dark
Age for 1 point
Mention word bard (1 point) or aoidos [plural aoidoi] (2 points), or rhapsoidos [plural rhapsoidoi] (2 points).
Penalize point for each misspelling of the Greek words.
Mention performance at the court of a king or noble: 2 points. Mention metre or rhythm [1 point] or
improvisation [1 point].
Mention that Homer was probably illiterate: 2 points. Perhaps he dictated his work to a scribe [2 points], in an era
soon after the creation of the Greek alphabet [1 point]. Give 800 B.C. [2 points] for the Greek alphabets creation.
Mention gods: 1 point, heroes: 1 point, Trojan War: 2 points. Mention Achilles and/or Odysseus for 2
points each. Mention Agamemnon, Ajax, Hector, Troy, Helen, and Penelope, for 1 point each.

Cap at 4 points
Mention the Iliad and Odyssey: 2 points each, = 4 points. These 4 points = a carve-out: The student must include
them, for full 21 points credit. Penalize point for either poem-name misspelled.

Section B
7) No paragraph-writing needed for this. List the 12 Olympian gods and goddesses. For each, briefly explain one
or more major role or realm of activity. Do not list more than 12.

Answers: See the Buxton p. 69 chart. Some comments also in Sept. 19 lecture

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Marking key: CLA2323 Practice Test: Sept. 20

Points: Give 1 point for each Greek god-name spelled correctly (granting the acceptable variants). Then give 1 point
for a correct identification. Withhold point for every name misspelled.

So, 12 x 2 points = 24 points. Cap at 21 points.

No extra credit for the Roman god-names here. No credit for a Roman-for-Greek substitution.

The 12 Olympians = Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, Demeter, Apollo, Artemis, Athena [Athene], Hermes, Hephaestus
[Hephaistos], Aphrodite, Ares, and Dionysus [Dionysos or Bacchos or Bacchus].
A major realm = some substantial aspect of life or organization. For example, Demeter = grain, not a torch.
See Buxtons middle column of text on page 69: spheres of activity
The students answer need name only one activity for each god. To describe Apollo as god of medicine would
be enough. To describe Zeus as just king of the gods is enough.
Penalties: Aside from any omissions, withhold point for every name misspelled. Withhold one point for every
wrong identification.
So if a student were to call Apollo the god of medicine and wine, that would = zero credit out of 1 point for the
identification. The credit-point for medicine and the penalty-point for incorrect wine would cancel each other.

8) Describe the birth and eventual triumph of the Zeus, in the tale told by the ancient Greek poet Hesiod. Start with
Zeuss grandparents,

Points: Various, reaching 39 points in theory, but capping at 21.

Answers: See Buxton 4449, 6870. The basic info is below. Give 1-to-3 points for each of these items, depending
on how much the answer says. So, 13 items x 3 points = 39 points max.
1) Ouranos [Uranus] monstrously mistreats his wife and newborns
2) Wife Gaia and son Kronos [Cronus] scheme against Ouranos
3) Kronos castrates and supplants his father, Ouranos
4) Kronos now mistreats his newborn children (by wife Rheia [Rhea]): swallowing the babies
5) Zeus is the last-born of six
6) Rheias scheme: the trick of the stone: Baby Zeus is hidden away
7) Grows to age in a cave on the island of Crete
8) Zeus returns, confronts his father
9) Zeus makes father vomit up the other five siblings
10) They are Hera, Demeter, Hestia, Poseidon, and Hades
11) Zeus supplants Kronos and the other Titans, and becomes king of the gods
12) Zeus fathers a younger generation of gods (Apollo, Athena, etc.) to supplement his heavenly court.
13) Zeus and the gods defend against challengers, including the monster Typhon [Typhoeus] and the rebel Giants
[Gigantes].

As usual, penalize point for every name that is misspelled. But withhold 1 point per item if any of the principal
characters (Rheia, etc.) is not named. Withhold 1 point if any principal action is omitted. Withhold 1 point for
every wrong fact that you find, on checkin g.
Cap at 21 points

9) No paragraph-writing needed for this. List in correct sequence the Five Ages or Races of humankind, as
presented by the Greek poet Hesiod. For each, give a one- or two-sentence description.

- Points: 4 + 4 + 4 + 5 + 4 = 21 points
- See Buxton page 54. Ages of gold, silver, bronze, the heroes, and iron. Give 2 points each for the name and 2
points for a correct one-or-two sentence characterization, per the Buxton page. For the iron age, give 3 points for
the characterization. Penalize 12 points for a flawed characterization of any age.
- If anywhere the answer gets the sequence of ages wrong, penalize 5 points, one time only.
- Give part-credit for a flawed characterization of an age

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Marking key: CLA2323 Practice Test: Sept. 20

This is our world, Buxton says of the Age of Iron. The Iron time is supposed to include not just Hesiods era but
also us in 2017: We are living in the aftermath of the heroes fall, with toil and social injustice and world crisis as
our lot. Withhold 1 point of the 3 points for an answer that doesnt clarify that idea.

10) Recount fully the myth of Prometheus. Also, name the two ancient Greek writers who are our major source of
information about the Prometheus myth.

- Points: 17 points + 4 points = 21 points

- See Buxton pp. 5456

(a) Cap at 17 points

Prometheus (i) created humans (in one version), (ii) bestowed on humans various mental skills, (iii) stole fire from
the gods for humans use, (iv) instituted the human religious practice of animal sacrifice, (v) was punished by Zeus
(fettered to boulder or cliff etc) until (vi) Heracles freed him.
From the above, (iii) and (v) are required, at 5 points each, for 10 points credit. If a students answer omits (v),
for example, the answer would be capped at 12 points for Part (a). If the answer omits (iii) and (v), Part (a) is
capped at 7 points only.
For (v), mention the gnawing eagle [= 1 point] for full credit.

For (i), give 5 points. But (i) is not required for full credit.
For (ii), (iv), (vi), give 3 points each. For vi, must mention Heracles [= 1 point]
Cap all the above at 17 points.

(b) Cap at 4 points

For (b), two correct names at 2 points each = 4 points
Hesiod, Aeschylus [Aischylos], and Apollodorus [Apollodoros] are three ancient Greek sources. Name any two.

Remember to give yourself one point free at the end of Part II: 63 points max + 1 point = 64 max.

Extra credit question: After checking your answer, would you say you earned all 5 points? Or would you grade
yourself at 3 points, part credit?
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