Bhopali - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.

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Bhopali
Bhopali, also known as Bhoop, Bhoopali or Bhupali, (Hin: / ) is a Hindustani classical raga. It is a
pentatonic scale (uses 5 notes in ascending and descending scale). Most of the songs in this raga are based on Bhakti
rasa. Since it uses 5 notes, belongs to the "Audav jaati" of ragas.

The same raga in Carnatic music is known as Mohanam.

Raga Bhoopali, Raga Yaman and Raga Bhairav tend to be the three basic ragas of Hindustani music, learnt first by its
students.[1]

Contents
1 Theory
1.1 Aroha & Avaroha
1.2 Vadi & Samavadi
1.3 Pakad & Chalan
1.4 Bandish
1.5 Organization & relationships

2 Behavior
2.1 Samay (Time)
2.2 Seasonality
2.3 Rasa

3 Historical Information
3.1 Important Recordings
3.2 Film Songs based on Bhoopali

4 See also
5 References
6 External links

Theory
Karhade (2011) explains that raga Bhopali consists of just 5 notes - (sa, re, ga, pa and dha).[2] It does not use
Ma (also called Madhyam) and Ni (also called Nishadh).[2]

The Introduction consists of two parts - Aroh (where the notes are simply recited on an ascending scale) and
avaroha (where the roles are simply recited on a descending order)[2]

Thereafter, with these same five notes, different combinations are made by the singer, similar to short phrases, also
called "chalan".[2]

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Writing about the musical theory of Indian classical music is fraught with complications. There is no universally
accepted set of rules or formal method of writing notations. However, the Bhatkhande and Paluskar paddhatis are the
two ways of writing down musical notations. Indian music has always been more of an aural tradition, and written word
has never been an essential part of imparting talim (training/knowledge).

Aroha & Avaroha

The scale of Bhopali uses only Shuddh swaras.

Aroha (ascent): Sa Re Ga Pa Dha Sa

Avaroha (descent): Sa Dha Pa Ga Re Sa

Vadi & Samavadi

Vadi
Gandhar - ga (here-after G but not to be confused with note G of western music notations)

Samavadi
Dhaivat - Dha (here-after D but not to be confused with note D of western music notations)

Pakad & Chalan

The Pakad (catchphrase that often helps in identifying a raga) is:

S R G R S D1 S R G

or:

S R G R S D1 S R G P G D P G R S

or:

G R P G G R S R D1 S

or:

G R S D1 S R G R P G D P G R S

Some chalans (elaborations of the pakad) are:

1. S R G R S D1 S R G
2. S R G R S D1 P1
3. P1 D1 S R G R G
4. S R P G
5. G R S R G P
6. G P D P D D S
7. P G P D P D S R G R G
8. G R S D P G R S

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Note: Normally written swaras (individual notes) indicate the middle octave. A swara immediately followed by 1
indicates the mandra saptak (lower octave) and ' indicates the taar saptak (higher octave

A few movements in Bhopali are important to note. There is typically a slide when descending between Sa and Dha, as
well as between Pa and Ga. These slides parallel each other and can be used to create a symmetry about how the Swaras
are developed. Also, many performers will bring out the Kalyan flavor of Bhopali by using abhasi of the notes Shuddha
Ni and Tivra Ma. That is to say, these notes are only vaguely suggested in passing ornaments, not actually sung for long
enough for the Swara to become a clear part of the Raga. Some examples would be:

(N1)D1 S

P(m)P(m) D P

where the notes in parenthesis are connected by slides or sung as meend.

Bandish
This bandish is bound with Teentaal (16 beats).

1 2 3 4| 5 6 7 8|9 10 11 12|13 14 15 16|

ASTHAYI:

D2 S D2 P |G2 R2 S R2|

G2 _ G2 P |G2 R2 S _ |

S R2 G2 P |R2 G2 P D2|

G2 P D2 P |G2 R2 S _ |

ANTARA:

G2 _ G2 G2|P _ D2 P|

S' _ S'S'|D3 R3 S' _|

G3 G3 R3 S'|R3 R3 S' D3|

S' _ D2 P |G2 R2 S _|

The Asthayi starts with the 9th beat.

Organization & relationships

Raga Bhoopali belongs to the Kalyan Thaat.

Related ragas: Deshkar (a pentatonic raga belonging to the Bilawal Thaat with the same scale as Bhoopali). Shuddha
Kalyan is another similar raga.

Behavior

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Behavior refers to practical aspects of the music. It is complicated to talk about this for Hindustani music since many of
the concepts are fluid, changing, or archaic. The following information cannot be accurate, but it can attempt to reflect
how the music existed.

Samay (Time)
Raat ka pehla pehr First part of night.(7 to 10)

Seasonality
Certain ragas have seasonal associations.

Rasa
Bhakti Rasa (Devotional)

Historical Information

Important Recordings
E ri Aaj Bhaeelawa
Pratham sur saadhe (vilambit)

Lage re nain tum se - Ustad Fateh Ali Khan

Jab Se Tumi San Lagali - Kishori Amonkar
Sahela Re - Kishori Amonkar

Film Songs based on Bhoopali

Bhopali is a popular raga used in Indian folk songs, and thus in Hindi and other regional film songs.[2]

Hindi:

Pankh Hote To Udd Aati Re( Sehra (1963))

Main Jahaan Rahoon( Namastey London (2007))
Dil Hoom Hoom Kare( Rudaali (1993))
Sayonara Sayonara(Love In Tokyo)(1966))
Dekha ek khwaab to yeh silsile hue (Silsila) (1981)[3]
Marathi:

Ghanashyam Sundara (Amar Bhoopali(1951))

See also
Durga
Shivaranjani

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References
1. Pathak Yajurvedi, Dr. Sarita. "Lecture - Raag Bhopali (Edusat)" (https://www.youtube.com
/watch?v=ORL5A4WraCo). www.youtube.com. Bharti College, University of Delhi. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
2. Karhade, Aradhana. "Raag Bhopali (Uploaded 20 January 2011)" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VV-
DgnPPhSo). www.youtube.com. Karhade, A. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
3. "Songs based on Raaga Bhopali" (http://www.soundofindia.com/raaga_details.asp?raaga=17).
www.soundofindia.com. Sound of India. Retrieved 5 December 2016.

Bor, Joep (ed). Rao, Suvarnalata; der Meer, Wim van; Harvey, Jane (co-authors) The Raga Guide: A Survey of 74
Hindustani Ragas. Zenith Media, London: 1999.
Parrikar, Rajan. "Short Takes: Bhoopali and Deshkar." Rajan Parrikar Music Archive Short Takes Bhoopali and
Deshkar Comments. SAWF Magazine, 5 Aug. 2002. Web. 2 Oct. 2015. <http://www.parrikar.org/hindustani
/bhoopali/>.

External links
SRA on Samay and Ragas (https://web.archive.org/web/20070514235610/http://www.itcsra.org
/sra_others_samay_index.html)
SRA on Ragas and Thaats (https://web.archive.org/web/20070514234610/http://www.itcsra.org/sra_raga
/sra_raga_that/sra_raga_that_index.html)
Rajan Parrikar on Ragas (http://www.parrikar.org/hindustani/bhoopali/)
Bhoop / Bhopali (http://omenad.net/ragrang/lakshan_bhoop.htm)
Film Songs in Bhupali (http://chandrakantha.com/raga_raag/film_song_raga/bhupali.shtml)

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