Sargetia Acta Musei Devensis Series Scientia Naturae I 2010

ACTA MUSEI DEVENSIS
MUZEUL
CIVILIZATIEI
DACICE SI ROMANE
DEVA
SERIES SCIENTIA NATURAE

SERIE NOU
I (XXII)
DEVA
2010
www.mcdr.ro / www.cimec.ro
ACTA MUSEI DEVENSIS
SARGETIA
SERIES SCIENTIA NATURAE
Serie Nou
I (XXII)
DEVA-2010
EDITORIAL BOARD
Silvia Burnaz & Marcela Balazs

The Section of the Natural Sciences,
The Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilization Deva
ADVISORY BOARD
DAN MUNTEANU, Senior Researcher Ph.O .. Corresponding Member of the

Romanian Academy, Cluj-Napoca
LASZLO RKOSY, Professor Ph. D., Babe-Bolyai" University, Faculty of
Biology and Geology, Department of Ecology and Taxonomy. Cluj-Napoca
VLAD DINC - Researcher, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC),
Barcelona, Spain
VLAD CODREA, Professor Ph. D., Babe-Bolyai" University, Faculty of Biology
and Geology, Department of Geology-Paleontology, Cluj-Napoca
DAN GRIGORESCU - Professor Ph. D., University of Bucharest, Faculty of
Geology and Geophysics, Department of Geology and Palaeontology
MARCEL ONCU, Lecturer Ph.O., Babe-Bolyai" University, Faculty of
Geography
Computer editing: SILVIA BURNAZ & DORINA DAN
SARGETIA SARGETIA
ACTA MUSEI DEVENSIS ACTA MUSEI DEVENSIS
SERIES SCIENTIA NA TU RAE SERIES SCIENTIA NA TURAE
L'adresse: Address:
Le Musee de la Civilisation Dacique et Romaine The Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilisation
La Section des Sciences Naturelles The Natural Sciences Section
Rue I Decembre 39 - DEVA 39, I December Street - DEVA
ROUMANIE RO MANIA
e-mail: muzeucdr.deva@gmail.com e-mail: muzeucdr.deva@gmail.com
The Editorial Board acknowledges the financial support of Hunedoara County Council for
covering the printing expenses for this volume
Printed by
Editura Altip - Alba Iulia
ISSN 1224-7464
Responsibility concerning scientitic contents of thc published papers belongs to the authors exclusively
CONTENTS
Pag.
ADRIAN SOPINCEAN The scientific importancc of '/11e
MIHAELA SOPINCEAN Cioclovina 2 Cave (Thc urcanu
Mountains, Romania) ....................... . 5
MARCELA BALAZS The systematic list of the vasculary plants

of Zeicani zone (Hunedoara County,
Romania) .................................... . 13
MARCELA BALAZS The Vegetation of the Zeicani Valky

(Hunedoara County) and Bistra Valky
(Cara-Severin County), Ro111a11ia
LEVENTESZEKELY New data about the spec1es Cheli.,

maculosa (GERNING, 1780) and Gra111111ia
quenseli (PA YKULL, 1783) in the fauna of
Romania (Lepidoptera: Arctiidac)
LEVENTESZEKELY Lepidoptera species recorded from the

North-Oltenia (Gorj County, Romania)
(Insecta: Lepidoptera)
61
SILVIA BURNAZ Butterflies of Sarmizegetusa-Zeicani

zone (Hunedoara County, Romania)
91
SILVIA BURNAZ Macrolepidoptera spec1es (S. ord.

Heterocera) of Hunedoara County
(Romania) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Sargetia, Acta Mus. Dev., Ser. Sci. Nat. Voi. I (XXII) 2010 p. 5-12
THE SCIENTIFIC IMPORTANCE OF THE CIOCLOVINA 2 CAVE

(THE UREANU MOUNTAINS, SOWTHERN CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA)
ADIUAN SOPINCEAN
MIHAELA SANDA SOPINCEAN
Summary
The scientific importance of the Cioclovina 2 Cave (The urcanu Mountuins,
Sowthern Carpathians, Romania)
The Cioclovina 2 Cave (The ureanu Mountains, Southern Carpathians, Romania) has
an indisputable scientific value due to the cviJcm:c on thc usc or the cave as a co11111111011s
habitat for thc primitive man and for thc animals or thc Quatcrnary period. Thc dl'p1i~i1 ol lhl
guano-phosphales found berc preserved !he cave hear (Ursus spclaeus) skelc1011-; and 'ullll'
objccls manually processcd.
Key words: Cioclovina 2 Cave, urcanu Mountains, Romania, scicnlific impmlanl:l'
Rezumat
Importana tiinific a Peterii Cioclovina 2 (Munii ureanului, Romnia)
Petera Cioclovina 2 (Munii ureanului, Carpaii Meridionali, Romnia) arc o

incontestabilvaloare tiinific prin dovezile aduse cu privire la utilizarea peterilor ca hahitat
permanent de ctre omul primitiv i animalele specifice perioadei cuaternare. Depozitul de
guano-fosfati de aici a conservat schelete de urs de peter (Ursus spelaeus) alturi de obiecte
prelucrate manual.
Cuvinte cheie: Petera Cioclovina 2, Munii ureanului, Romnia, importan tiinific
INTRODUCTION
Situated in the ureanu Mountains (Southem Carpathians, Remania), The Natural

Park of the Grditea Muncelului-Cioclovina is distinguished by the harmonious combination
of natural elements that can be scen here as relief, hydrography. vcgetation with those that
come from human activities: fortresses, water mills, sheepfolds. The dominant note of the
landscape is given by the karst relief that occupies the western. south-western and thc central
5
pan of the mount ai ns (TRUFA, 1986 ). The contact with the crystalline rocks and thc
underground waters leacl to complex hyclrogeological systems.
The most important caves are the ura Mare Cave (The Karst Basin No. 2065), The
Ponorici-Cioclovina cu Ap Cave and The Cioclovina Uscat Cave (The Karst Basin No.
2063). The Cave Cioclovina 2 is a part of the Karst Basin No. 2063, situated in the north-
westem part of the ureanu Mountains (TOMU et al. 1999).
The history of The Cioclovina 2 Cave

Situate<:! near the entrance of The Cioclovina Uscata Cave, The Cioclovina 2 Cave was
discovered on I-st of May 1985 by Adrian Farca, an amateur speleologist, member of the
Speleological Club Proteus" of Hunedoara town. The first surveying and topography were
realized by Ion Nicu, Aurel Circo and Gabriela Circo, members of the Proteus Speleologica!
Club (Fig. I). In the same time the first scientific observations were done. MARI ( 1986)
described four objects with clearly processing traces.
PETERA CTCLOVINA 2
2063/16
0=4JOm
d8m(-6m.+2mJ
IOm
TOPOGRAFIE:NICU ION
CIRCO GABRIEIA
CllCO AURELW<
Fig. I. The Cioclovina 2 Cave. Topography and cartography

/Petera Cioclovina 2. Topografie i cartografiere
(after TOMUS et al. 1999)
In 1987, for the restarting of the guano-phosphates exploitation a forest road to the
Cioclovina. Uscat Cave entrance was made and the access to the area began easier.
Until 1990, many caves. including The Cioclovina Uscat Cave and The Cioclo\'ina 2
Cave, were explored for their resources of useful substances (BREBAN et al., 2003). A
6
geologica! report concerning the guano-phosphates deposits of The Cioclol'i1w 2 Cme was
prl'pared by Fusa L. Human works have changed the morphology of the cave and their air
traffic system. An anthropic tunnel of 29 m and 20 prospecting wells were effectuated.
<Juanlilalive analysis and chemical analysis were carried out. The species of Ursus spelaeus,
<'nvus sp., Mustella sp Ctmis lupus and Crocuta spelaea were identified in the sedimentary
dcposits of the cave. At that time the cave floor has kept the rnarks bunks of the hibernation.
rnprolites and two skulls of Ursus spelaeus Rosenm in a crust of calcite. During 1988-1989
111any sections of various depths were made and impressive quantities of cave bear bones have
hccn unearthed. The majority of the osteologica! fragments of Ursus spe/aeus are preserved in
l llc collection of the Museum of Deva (Hunedoara County). ONAC, TMA & BREBAN (2000)
llavc reported the presence of the Barenschliffs" (friction marks of Ursus spelaeus on the
cave wall). In 2004, by starting the project of the National Geographic the cave entcred again
ln thc attention of researchers and public.
The morphology of The Cioclovina 2 Cave

The entrance of the cave is situatcd in the hill of Dnceti. at 852 m altitude, on the
:-.amc alignment with the entrance of The Cioclovina Uscat Cave. but with 82 m higher. Tn
lile cadastre (land register) of the caves of Rornania, the Cave of Cioclovina 2 can be found at
110. 16/2063.
The cavity enlargement is 430 m and the dislevelment is of 8 m (-6 rn, +2).
The access to thc cave is possiblc nowadays through the natural entrance (a - 6m shaft,
with a disclosure of 40/60 cm) (Fig. 2). The anthropogenetic tunnel excavated during thc
geological prospccting is crumblcd. The labyrinthinc charactcr of the cavity is given by many
pillars which break a uniquc and great tunncl (about 10-15 m width and 8-10 m in lcngth).
Two small lateral and upwards galleries exist, corresponding to somc fissures oriented
perpendicular to the clirection of development of the cave. The shaping of the main gallery
was made in two periocls: during a phreatic regime (the argument is the marrnites of the cave
cciling) and in vadose mode (of free flowing), when, as an effect of the corrosion, thc great
pillars were formcd.
The structure and the granulometry of the sediment deposit, its positioning in the
lunncl indicate the different mode of the formation of the sediments. By their origin, two
catcgories of sediments were identificd:
1\ I lm:liton Scdiments sancl from an unkarstificable subslratum;
recent organogenous marks (lcaves, snail shells)
J\utochthon Sediments calcite crusts

osteologica! deposits
As a regard to the subject matters of speleology the cave is poor in speleothems: small
stalactites and stalagmites, stylolites, small veins of calcite, rimstone dams (or gours),
111icrogours (Fig. 3). The barenschliffs of the cave wall are extremely interesting. They are
grouped on 3 m extension at 1-1.30 m from the current levei of floor ancl are locatecl in a
narrowing of the gallery. The barenschliffs indicate the frequent entry of the cave bear in this
sector (Fig. 4).
The Fauna of the cave

The fossil fauna is very well represented. The osteologica! deposit is formed by
fragments of Ursus spelaeus Rosenm. and other species. The Ursus spelaeus'bones are
represented by fragments of skull of juvenile or adult individuals, fragments of mandible,
isolated teeth, especially canine tooths, limb bones (many fragments of humerus, radius,
femur, tibia, metacarpian and metatarsian elements), cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
and fragments of pelvis bones. It is assumccl that in the past the acccss to the cave was
represented by othcr entry as the present one. to srnall and continuecl with a shaft.
The actual cavernicol fauna is represented by chiropterans such as Rhinolophus
ferrumequinum, Rhinolophus hipposideros and Myotis myotis. Some individuals of Araneae,
Diptera and Collembola have also seen on the parietal or the floor of the cave. Scoliopteryx
libatrix and Triphosa dubitata (Ord. Lepidoptera, Sorel. Heterocera) were collected at the light
trap (250 Watt) installed near the entrance of the Cioclovina 2 Cave. Inachis io and Vanessa
atalanta (Sorel. Rhopalocera) have been seen hibernating in the cave. Duvalius budai Ken., a
species of Coleoptera was also found at the entrance of the cave.
The Degree of the Preservation
The speleothems of the ceiling and walls are perfectly preserved. In the entrance area
some smoked inscriptions were seen. Unfortunately, the cave was affected in the period when
the access was made by the anthropic gallery. Two great aragonite blocks wilh traces of burst
lo extract crystals cxi:..t. The most affected is the osteologic.li dcposit as a consequence of thc
geologica! prospcctings made in thc past ancl of the piracy in the presen!.
References
BREBAN R., ERBAN M., VIEHMANN I., BICOIAN M. 2003. Istoria exploatrii de ~uano
fosfat i a descoperirii omului fosil din Petera Cioclovina Usrnt. Lucrf1rilc Clubului
de Speologie Proteus Hunedoara, 8: 1-153.
GORAN C. 1982. Cadastrul sistematic al peterilor din Romnia. Ed. Consiliul Naional
pentru Educaie Fizic i Sport, Bucureti.
MARIS T. 1986. Contribuii la cunoaterea paleoliticului din sud-vestul Tm11sili'lll1iei. Buletin

speologic informativ, 10: 147-158.
TOMU I., BREBAN R., BICOAN M., PLEA D. 1999. Complexul carstic Ciod111i11<1 - l/a:.i1111I
2063.
TRUFA V. 1986. Munii ureanu. Ghid turistic. Ed. Sport-Turism, Bucurqti.
Adrian Cristian S1lpi11na11

Mihaela Sanda Sllpi11n;111
Clubul Sporturilor Montanl' I lu11cdllara
sopincean_m (11l yah1 H l.n llll
sopi_speo_hd 01 y:llH lo.corn
Fig. 2. The natural entrance ofThe Cioclovina 2 Cave I
Intrarea natural a Pesterii Cioclovina 2 Fig. 3. Rimstone Dams (gours)/Gururi
Fig. 5. Osteological fragments of Ursus spelaeus

discovered in The Cioclovina 2 Cave I Ursus spelaeus.
Fig. 4. Barenschliffs I Barenschliffs-uri Fragmente osteologice descoperite n Pestera Cioclovina 2
THE SYSTEMA TIC LIST OF THE VASCULARY PLANTS OF ZEICANI

ZONE (HUNEDOARA COUNTY, ROMANIA)
MAIH:ELA HALAZS
Summary
The systematic list of the vasculary plant species of the Zeicani zom (llmll'iloara
County, Romania)
The author presents the systematic list of the vasculary plant species idc111ilil'd 111 Ilic
neighboroud of the Zeicani locality (Sarmizegetusa Commune) situated in the soulh-woll'l ll pai I
of the Haeg Depression (Hunedoara County). For every species data about 1hc 11101111111~.
Geoelements and Ecologica! Index are given.
Key Words: Systematic list, vasculary plant species, Zeicani zone, Hunedoara< '011111y
Rezumat
Lista sistematic a speciilor de plante vasculare din zona Zeicani (jmk\111
Hunedoara, Romnia)
Autorul prezint lista sistematic a speciilor de plante vasculare identificate n

mprejurimile localitii Zeicani (comuna Sarmizegetusa), situat n sud-vestul depresiunii Haeg
(judeul Hunedoara). Pentru fiecare specie sunt prezentate date referitoare la biol'ornK',
geoelemente i indici ecologici.
Cuvinte cheie: lista sistematic, plante vasculare, Zeicani, judeul Hunedoara, Romnia
INTRODUCTION
Situated in the south-western part of Haeg Depression (Hunedoara County), Zeicani

locality, one of the village of Sarmizegetusa Commune impresses by the beauty of the
landscape. The area is bordered by the Retezat Mountains and Poiana Rusc Mountains. From
Zeicani village, passing through The Iron Gate of Transsylvania pass, it can reached to thc
Cara-Severin County and to the hilly area of the arcu Mountains. Natural hahitats
13
11p1lscntcd by deciduous forests, alder tree communities and grasslands alternate with
a11tlirnpic areas such as pastures, agricultural lands and orchards.
This study presents the systematic list of the vasculary plants identified during 2009-
:20 I O in the area of the Zeicani locality.
The floristic material was processed on the bassis of the field researches and on the
bibliographic informations (BOCAIU 1971 ). The scientifical nomenclature is according to the
most recent papers (BARKMAN, MORAVEC, RAUSCHERT 1981 ). The systematic of the plant
families is according Flora RPR and RSR. The phytogeographical elements were established
after BORZA (1959), MTHE (1940, 1941), JAVORKA & So6 (1950) and OBENDORFER (1962).
The following abbreviations were used:

Bioforms: Th-Annual Therophytes, TH-Biennial Therophytes, H-Hemicryptophytes, G-
Geophytes, Ch-Chamaephytes, HH-Hydrophytes, M-Phanerophytes; Geoelements: Eua-
Eurasian, E-European, Ec-Central European, Md-Mediterranean, P-Pontic, p-pannonian, B-
Balcanic, D-Dacic, Circ-Circumpolar, Cm-Cosmopolit, Adv-Adventive; Ecologica[ Index: U-
Humidity, T-Temperature, R-Soil reaction.
The systematic list
LYCOPODIACEAE
Lycopodium clavatum L Ch, Cm, U 3 T 3 R 1 Pino-Quercion, Car. Nardo-Callunetea
EQUISETACEAE
Equisetum arvense L G, Cm, U 3 T 3 RO , Filipendulo-Petasition
Equisetum pratense Ehrh G, Cm, U 3,5 T 2,5 RO, Alno-Padion
Equisetum telmateja Ehrh G, Circ(bor), U 3,5 T 2 RO, Car. Alno-Padion, Filipendulo-
Petasition
HYPOLEPIDIACEAE
Pteridium aquilinum (L.)Lam., G, Cm, U 3 T 3 RO Car. Quercetea robori- petraeae
14
ASPLENIACEAE
Asplenium ruta-muraria L., H, Circ(bor), U 1,5 T 3 R 5, Asplcnio rutae-murariae-
Melicetum
Asplenium trichomanes L., H, Cm, U 3 TOR 4, Car. Asplcnictalia rutac-murariae
ASPIDIACEAE (DRYOPTERIDACEAE)
Dryopterisfilix-mas (L.) Schott., H, Cm, U 4 T 3 RO, Car. Fagctalia
Gymnocarpium robertianum (Hoffman) Newman, G, Circ (bor), lJ 1 T 2,5 R 4 Tcucrion
montani
ATHYRIACEAE
Athyrium filix-femina H, Cm, U4 T 2,5 R O, Car. Asplenietea, Acerion
Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh., H, Cm, U 3,5 TOR O, Car. Asplenictca, Arl'rio11
POLYPODIACEAE
Polypodium vulgare L., G, Circ (bor), U 3,5 T 3 R 4, Car. Asplenietea
ARISTOLOCHIACEAE
Asarum europaeum L., H(G), Eua, U 3,5 T 3 R 4, Car. Fagetalia
Aristolochia clematitis L., H-G, Ec(Md), U 3 T 4 R 5, Prunetalia
RANUNCULACEAE
Helleborus purpurascens W. Et K., H, Carp-Bale-Pan, U 2,5 T 3 R 4 Fagetalia
Aconitum lycoctonium L. ssp. moldavicum (Hacq.) Jalas, H, Carp(end), U 3 T 2 R 1,
Fagion dacicum, Adenostyletalia
/sopyrum thalictroides L., G, Ec, U 3 T 3,5 R 3, Car. Fagion
Anemone ranunculoides L., G, E, U 3,5 T 3 R 4, Fagetalia, Querco-Fagetea
Anemone nemorosa L., G, E, U 3,5 T 4 RO, Fagetalia, Car. Querco-Fagetea
Hepatica nobilis Mill G, E, U 3 T 3 R 4, Fagetalia, Car. Querco-Fagetea
Pulsatilla montana (Hoppe) Rchb H, Alp-D, U 1 T 4 R 4, Festucion rupicolae
Clematis vitalba L., N-E, Ec (Md), U 3 T 3 R 3, Querco-Fagetea, Car. Prunetalia
Ranunculus ficaria L H-G, Eua (Md), U 3,5 T 3 R 3, Querco-Fagetea
Ranunculus auricomus L., H, Eua, U 3,5 T 3 RO, Querco-Fagetca
15
Ranunculus cassubicus L., H, E(Ct), U 3,5 T 3 R O, Carpinion
Ranunculus repens L., H, Eua (Md), U4 TO R O, Alno-Padion
Thalictrum aquilegiifolium L., H, E, U 3 T 2,5 R3, Quercetalia
Thalictrum minus L., H, Eua (Ct), U 2 T 4 R 4, Geranion sanguinei-Quercion
pubescentis, Quercetea
BERBERIDA.CEAE
Berberis vulgaris L., H, E, U 2 T 3 R 4, Car. Berberidion
PAPA VERACEAE
Chelidonium majus L., H, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 4, Car. Arction
FUMA.RIACEAE
Corydalis solida (L.) Sw G, E, U 3 T 3 RO, Car. Fagetalia
CARYOPHYLlA.CEA.E
Stellaria media (L.) Cyr., Th-TH, Cm, U 3 TOR O, Car. Chenopodietea
Stellaria holostea L., H-Ch, Eua, U 3 T 3 R O, Querco-Fagetea, Car. Carpinion
Stellaria graminea L., H, Eua(Md), U 2,5 T 2 R 3, Arrhenatheretalia, Molinio-
Arrhenatheretea
Cerastium holosteoides Fries em Hyl, H-Ch, Cm, U 3 TOR O,Potentillio-Nardion
Cerastium sylvaticum W.et K., TH-H, Ec, U 3,5 T 3 RO, Fagetalia, Alno-Padion
Holosteum umbellatum L., Th, Eua(Md), U 2 T 3,5 RO, Festuco-Brometea, Secalietea
Sagina procumbens L., H, Circ(bor), U 4 T 3 R 3, Plantaginetea
Moehringia trinervia (L.) Clairv TH-H, Eua(Md), U 2,5 T 3 R 3, Querco-Fagetea
Lychnis viscaria L., H, Eua, U 3 T 4 RO, Pino-Quercetalia
Lychnis flos-cuculi L., H, Eua, U 3,5 T 2,5 RO, Milinio-Arrhenalheretea
Silene vulgaris (Mnch.) Garce, H, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 4, Quercetea
Silene alba (Mill.) E.Krause, Th-TH, Eua, U 3 T 2 R 3, Chenopodio-Scleranthea,
Onopordion
Silene noctiflora L., Th-TH, Eua, U 2 T 3,5 RO, Secalietea, Alliarion
Dianthus carthusianorum L., H-Ch, E, U 2 T 5 R 5, Festuco-Brometea
16
AA1r1RANTIIACJ""'AE
Amaranthus retroflexux L., Th, Adv, U 3 T 3 RO, Chenopoclictca
Amaranthus crispus (Lesp.et Thev) N.Terraciano, Th, Adv, U 3 T4 R 3, Sisymbrion,
Onopordion
POLYGONACEAE
Rumex acetosa L., H, Cm, U 3 T O R O, Car. Molinion-Arrhenathcrctca
Rumex sanguineus L., H, E, U 4 T 3 R 4, Alno-Padion, Fagetalia
Polygonum aviculare L., Th, Cm, U 2,5 TOR 3, Car. Polygonion avicularis
PINACEAE
Abies alba Miller, MM, Ec, U4 T 3 RO, Car, Pulmonario rubro-Abieti-h1gclum
Picea abies (L.) Karsten, MM, E, U O TOR O, Car. Vaccinio-Piceion
Pinus sylvestris L., MM, Eua, U O TOR O, Dicrano-Pinion
FAGA~CJ<.:~1E
Fagus sylvatica L., MM-M, E, U 3 T 3 RO, Car. Fagion, Fagetalia

Quercus cerris L., MM-M, Mel, U 2 T 3,5 R 3, Quercion farnello, ()uLnio11
pubescenti-petraeae
Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl ssp.petraea, MM-M, Ec, U 2 T 3 R O, Car. ()ucl"L'io11
pubescenti-petraeae
BETULACEAE
Betula pendula Roth., MM-M, Eua, U 3 T 2 R 2, Carpinion
CORYLLACEAE
Carpinus betulus L MM-M, E, U 3 T 3 R O, Car. Carpinion, Fagion
Corylus avellana L MM-M, E, U 3 T 3 R 3, Car. Querco-Fagetea
MORACEAE
Morus alba L., MM-M, Adv, U 2 T 3,5 R 4
17
l!RTICACEAE
l!rtica dioica L., HG, Cm, U 3 T 3 R 4, Car. Artemisietea, Alno-Padion, Fagetalia
Parietaria officinalis L., H, Md, U 4 T 3,5 R 4, Arction, Alno-Padion
ROSACEAE
Spirea chamaedryfolia L., M, Eua, U 3 T 2,5 RO, Asplenietea
Sorbus aucuparia L., MM-M, E, U 3 T 2,5, R 2, Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae
Sorbus torminalis (L.) Cr., MM, Eua, U 2,5 T 3 R 4, Car. Quercetalia pubescenti-
petraeae
Crataegus monogyna Jacq., M, E, U 2,5 T 3 R 3, Querco-Fagetea, Car. Prunetalia
Rubus hirtus W.et K., N, E, U 3 T 2,5 R 3, Qoerco-Fagetea, Fagion dacicum, Sambuco-
Salicion
Rubus idaeus L., M, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 3, Fagetalia
Fragaria vesca L., H, Eua, U 3 T 2,5 R O, Querco-Fagetea, Car. Fragarion vescae
Potentilla alba L., H, E(Ct), U 2,5 T 3,5 R 3, Quercion petraeae, Car. Quercetalia
Potentilla argentea L., H, Eua, U 2 T 4 R 2, Quercetea
Potentilla cinerea Chaix in Vili., H, E (Ct), U 2 T 3,5 R 5, Car. Festucetalia valesiacae
Geum urbanum L., Eua (Md), U 3 T 3 R 4, Prunetalia, Carpinion, Alno-Padion, Car.
Querco-Fagetea
Filipendula vulgaris Mnch., H, Eua, U 2,5 T 3 R O, Car. Festuco-Brometea (--7
Quercetea)
Agrimonia eupatoria L., H, Eua, U 2,5 T 3 R 4, Festuco-Brometea, Quercetea
Sanguisorba minor Scop., H, Eua, U 2 T 3,5 R 4, Festuco-Brometea
Rosa canina L., N, E, U 3 T 3 R 3, Quercetea --7 Fagetalia
Prunus spinosa L., M, Eua, U 2 T 3 R 3, Car. Prunetalia, Prunion spinosae
FABACEAE
Genista tinctoria L., Ch-N, Eua, U 2,5 T 3 R 2, Quercetea pubescenti-petraeae
Ononis arvensis L., Ch (H), Eua(Ct), U 3 T 4 R O, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
Medicago lupulina L., Th-TH, Eua, U 2,5 T 3 R 4, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
Medicago sativa L.ssp.falcata (L.) Arcangeli, H, Eua (Md), U 2, T 3 R 5, Car. Festuco-
Brometea, Quercetea
Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., TH-Th, Eua, U 2,5 T 3,5 RO, Chenopodietea, Secalietea
18
Trifolium hybridum L., H, E(Md), U 3,5 T 3 R 4, Molinietalia
Trifolium repens L., H, Eua, U 3,5 TO RO, Molinio-Arrhenathcrctea
Trifolium pratense L., H-TH, Eua, U 3 TOR O, Car. Molinio-Arrhenatherea
Trifolium montanwn L., H, Eua (Ct), U 2,5 T 2 R 4, Festuco-Bromctca
Trifolium mediwn L., H, Eua, U 3 T 3 R O, Quercetalia pubcsccntis, Qucrco-Fagetea,
Car. Trifolion medii
Trifoliwn alpestre L., H, E (Md), U 2,5 T 3 R 4, Quercetea
Trifolium ochroleucum Huds., H, Md-Ec, U 2 T 3 R 3, Quercetalia puhesccntis
Anthyllis vulneraria L., H, E (Md), U 2 TO R 4, Car. Festuco-Brometea
Lotus corniculatus L., H, Eua, U 2,5 TO RO, Molinio-Arrhenathcretea
Galega officinalis L., H, P-Md, U 4,5 T 3 R 4, Bidention, Calystegion. Molinietalia
Astragalus glycyphyllos L., H, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 4, Querco-Fagetca, Car. Origanetalia
Coronilla varia L., H, Ec(Md), U 2 T 3 R 4, Quercetea
Onobrychis viciifolia Scop., H, Md, U 2 T 4 R 5, Car. Mesohromion, l;estucetalia
valesiacae
Vicia sepium L., H, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 3, Quercetea, Querco-Fagctea, Car. Fagetalia
Vicia cracca L., H, Eua, U 3 TOR 3, Car. Molinio-Arrhenathcretea
Lathyrus vernus (L.) Bernh., H, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 3, Car. Fagetalia
Lathyrus tuberosus L., H(G), Eua (Md), U 2 T4 R 4, Secalietea, Car. Caucalidion
ONAGRACEAE
Epilobium hirsutum L., H, Eua, U 4 T 3 R 3, Car. Filipendulo-Petasition
Epilobium montanum L., H, Eua (Md), U 3 T O R 4, Car. Fagetalia
LYTHRACEAE
Lythrum salicaria L., H-HH, Cm, U 4 T 3 RO, Alnetea
ACERACEAE
Acer campestre L., MM-M, E, U 2,5 T 3 R 3, Car. Querco-Fagetea
Acer tataricum L., M-MM, E (Ct), U 2,5 T 3,5 R 4, Aceri-Quercion
19
STAPHYLEACEAE
Staphylea pinnata L., M, E (Md), U 2,5 T 3,5 R 4, Querco-Fagetea, Car. Berberidion-
Acerion
OXALIDACEAE
Oxalis acetosella L., H(G), Circ (bor), U 4 T 3 R 3, Fagetalia
GERANIACEAE
Geranium pratense L., H, Eua, U 3,5 T 3 R 5, Arrhenatheretea
Geranium sanguineum L., H, E (Md), U 2 T 3 R 4, Quercetea, Festucetalia
POLYGALACEAE
Polygala comosa Schur., H (Ch), Eua, U 2 T 4 R 4, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea ( ~
Quercetal ia)
Polygala vulgaris L., H (Ch), Eua, U 3 T 3 R 3, Arrhenatheretea - Nardion
CELASTRACEAE
Euonymus verrucosus Scop., M, E, U 2,5 T 3 R 4, Querco-Fagetea, Quercetea
pubescenti-petraeae, Prunetalia
Euonymus europaeus L., M, E, U 3 T 3 R 3, Querco-Fagetea, Car. Prunetalia
RHAMNACEAE
Rhamnus catharticus L., M, Eua, U 2 T 3 R 4, Querco-Fagetea, Car. Prunetalia
Frangula alnus Miller, M, Eua, U 4 T 3 R 3, Querco-Fagetea, Car. Alno-Padion,
Alnetea
LORANTHACEAE
Loranthus europaeus Jacq., Ch-N, E, U 3 T 3,5 R O, (pe Quercus rubra), Querco-
Fagetea, Carpinion
Viscum album L., Ch-N, Eua, U 3,5 T 3 RO, Pulmonario (rubrae)-Abieti-Fagetum
EUPHORBIACEAE
Euphorbia cyparissias L., H)G), Eua, U 2 T 3 R 4, Festucetalia,Car. Festuco-Brometea
20
Euphorbia platyphyllos L., Th, Md-Ec, U 3 T 3 R 3, Chenopodietea
Euphorbia virgata W. et K., H, Eua-Ct, U 2 T 4 R 3, Secalietea
Euphorbia amygdaloides L., Ch, E (Md), U 3 T 3,5 R 4, Car. Fagetalia (--7 Quercetea)
Mercurialis perennis L., H(G), E, U 3,5 T 3 R 4, Car. Fagetalia
ARALIACEAE
Hedera he/ix L., N-E, Atl-Md, U 3 T 3 R 3, Fagetalia, Acerion
APIACEAE (UMBELLIFERAE)
Sanicula europaea l., H, Atl-Md, U 3,5 T 3 R 4 Car. Fagetalia
Eryngium campestre L., H, P, U 1 T 5 R 4, Festuco-Brometea
Eryngium planum L., H, Eua (Ct), U 2 T 3 R 4, Arrhenatherion
Anthriscus silvestris (L.) Hoffm., H, Eua (Md), U 3 T 3 R 4, Alno-Padion
Daucus carota L., TH-H, Eua (Md), U 2,5 T 3 R O, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
Carum carvi L., TH, Eua, U 3,5 T 3 R 3, Arrhenatheretea
Aegopodium podagraria L., H (G), Eua, U 3,5 T 3 R 3, Fagetalia, Querco-Fagetea
Pimpinella saxifraga L., H, Eua, U 2,5 TOR 3, Car. Festuco-Brometea
Angelica sylvestris L., H, Eua, U 4 T 3 R 3 Molinio-Juncetea, Alno-Padion
Heracleum splwndylium L., H, Eua, U 3 T 2,5 RO, Car. Arrhenatheretalia
HYPERICACEAE (GUTTIFERAE)
Hypericum perforatum L., H, Eua,U 3 T 3 RO, Origanetalia
Hypericum hirsutum L., H, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 3, Querco-Fagetea
VIOLACEAE
Viola adorata L., H, Atl-Md, U 2,5 T 3,5 R 4, Querco-Fagetea
Viola reichenbachiana lord., H, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 4, Querco-Fagetea
Viola riviniana Rchb., H, E, U 3 T 3 R 3, Fagetalia, Quercion roboris
Viola mirabilis L., H, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 4, Querco-Fagetea, Fagetalia
Viola tricolor L., TH, Eua, U 2,5 T 3 RO, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
21
CISTACEAE
Helianthemum nummularium (L.) Mill., Ch-H, Ec (Md), U 2 T 3 R 4, Festucetalia
valesiacae
BRASSICACEAE (CRUCIFERAE)
Alliaria petiolata (M.B.) Cavara et Grande, TH-H, Eua(Md), U 3 T 3 R 4, Alliarion,
Querco-Fagetea
Hesperis silvestris Cr., M, Md (P), U 4 T 2 R 3, Fagetalia
Rorippa sylvestris (L.)Bess., H (G), E, U 4 T 2 R 3, Agropyro-Rumicion
Cardamine impatiens L., TH (Th), Eua (Md), U4 T 3 R 4, Car. Fagetalia
Cardamine amara L., H, Eua (Md), U 5 TO R O, Alno-Padion
Cardamine bulbifera (L.) Cr., G, Ec, U 3 T 3 R 4, Fagetalia
Cardaminopsis arenosa (L.) Hay., TH-H, Ec, U 2,5 T 3 R 4, Quercetea
A rahis hirsuta (L.) Scop., TH-H, Circ (bor), U 1,5 T 3 R 4, Quercetea pubescenti-
petraeae
Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., Th-TH, Cm, U 3 T O R O, Chenopodio-
Scleranthea
Lepidium campestre (L.) R.Br., Th, E (Md), U 2,5 T 3 R O, Car. Polygono-
Chenopodion
SALICACEAE
Salix alba L. MM-M, Eua, U 5 T 3 R 4, Alno-padion, Salicion albae, Car. Salici-
Populetum
Salix caprea L., M, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 3, Car. Sambuco-Salicion capreae
Salix cineraea L. M, Eua, U 5 T 3 R 3, Car. Frangulo-Salicetum cinereae, Alnetea
Salix purpurea L. M, Eua, U 5 T 3 R 4,5 Car. Salicetalia purpureae
Salixfragilis L. M-MM, Eua, U 4,5 T 3 R 4, Salicion albae, Alno-Padion
Populus tremula L.MM-M, Eua, U 3 T 2 R 2, Querco-Fagetea
TILIACEAE
Tilia tomentosa Mnch., MM, B, U 2,5 T 3,5 R 3, Quercion farnetto
Tilia cordata Mill., MM, E, U 3 T 3 R 3, Car. Carpinion
22
CORNACEAE
Camus mas L., M, P-Md-Ec, U 2 T 3,5 R 4, Quercetea pubcsccnti-pctraeae
Camus sanguinea L., M, Ec, U 3 T 3 R 4, Querco-Fagetea, Car. Prunctalia
PRIMULACEAE
Lysimachia nummularia L., Ch, E, U 4 T 3 R 3, Querco-Fagctca
Anagalis arvensis L., Th, Cm, U 3 T 3 RO, Car. Polygono-Chcnopodion
Primula vulgaris Huds., H, Atl-Md, U 3 T 3 R 3, Fagetalia
Primula veris L. em Huds., H, Eua, U 3 T 2 R 5, Querco-Fagetea
GENTIANACEAE
Centaurium erythraea Rafn., Th, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 2, Qucrcctca, Molinion-
Arrhenetheretea
Gentiana asclepiadea L., H, Ec (mont), U 4 T 2 R 4, Origanetalia
Gentianella ciliata (L.) Borkh., H, E, U 2 TO R 5, Cynosurion
APOCYNACEAE
Vinca minor L., Ch, Md (Ec),U 3 T 3 R 3, Fagetalia, Car. Carpinion
ASCLEPIADACEAE
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Medicus, H, E (Md), U 2 T 4 R 4, Quercetea pubescent i -
petraeae
RUBIACEAE
Asperula tinctoria L., H, Ec (Md), U 2,5 T 3,5 R 5, Quercetea pubescenti-petraeae
Galiumfiavescens Borb., H, D-B, U 2 T 4 R 5, Festucion rupicolae
Galium glaucum L., H, P-Md, U 2 T 4 R 4, Festucetalia valesiacae ( ~ Quercetea)
Gallium odoratum (L.) Scop., G, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 3, Car. Fagetalia
Gallium schultesii West, G, Ec, U 2,5 T 3 R 3,Querco-Fagetea, Car. Carpinion
Gallium aparine L., Th, Circ (bor), U 3 T 3 R 3, Car. Convolvuletalia
Gallium mollugo L., H, Eua, U 3 TO R 3, Seslerio-Festucion pallentis
Cruciata levipes Opiz., H, Eua, U 2,5 T 3 R 3, Alno-Padion
23
OLEACEAE
Fraxinus excelsior L., MM, E, U 3 T 3 R 4, Alno-Padion, Acerion
Ligustrum vulgare L., M, E (Md), U 2,5 T 3 R 3, Querco-Fagetea
CAPRIFOLIACEAE
Viburnum lantana L., M, Md-Ec, U 2,5 T 3 R 5, Querco-Fagetea
Sambucus nigra L., MM-M, E, U 3 T 3 R 3, Prunetalia, Alno-Padion
Sambucus racemosa L., M, Eua, U 3 T 2 R 3, Car. Sambuco-Salicion
VALERIANACEAE
Valeriana officinalis L., H, Eua (Md), U 4 T 3 R 4, Alno-Padion
DIPSACACEAE
Succisa pratensis Mnch., H, Eua, U 4 T 3 RO, Molinio-Juncetea
Knautia arvensis Coult. f pratensis (Schur) Szabo, H, E, U 2,5 T 3, R O, Car.
Arrhenatheretea
Scabiosa ochroleuca L., H, Eua (Ct), U 2 T 4 R 4, Festucetalia valesiacae, Festuco-
Brometea
CONVOLVVLACEAE
Convolvulus arvensis L., H-G, Cm, U O TO RO, Chenopodio-Scleranthea
BORAGINACEAE
Cerinthe minor L., TH (H), P-Md, U 3 T 3 R O, Caucalidion-Onopordion, Festucion
rupicolae, Car. Onopordion
Buglossoides purpureocaeruleum (L.) I.M.Johnston, H-G, Ec(Md), U 2,5 T 4 R 5,
Quercetea pubescenti-petraeae
Echium vulgare L., TH, Eua, U 2 T 3 R 4, Sedo-Scleranthetea, Car. Festuco-Brometea
Myosotis sylvatica (Ehrh.) Hoffm., H, Eua, U 3,5 T 3 R 3, Fagetalia
Myosotis arvensis (L.) Hill., TH,Eua, U 3 T 3 RO, Aperion
Myosotis ramosissima Roch., Th, E, U 2, T 3,5 R 4, Festuco-Brometea
Pulmonaria o.fficinalis L., H, E, U 3,5 T 3 R 3, Car. Fagetalia
24
Pulnwnaria rubra Schott, H, Carp-Bale, U 3,5 T 2 R 3 Car. Fagion dacicum, Alno-
Padion
Nonea pulla (L.) Lam et DC., TH-H, Eua, U 2 T 4 R 3, Fcstucion rupicolae, Car.
Caucalidion
Symphytum cordatum W.et K., H-G, Carp-Bale, U 3 T 2 R 3, Car. Fagion dacicum
Symphytum officinale L., H, Eua, U 4 T 3 RO, Molinio-Juncctca
Anchusa officinalis L., TH-H, E (Md), U 2 T 3,5 R O, Fcstucion rupicolac, Car.
Onopordion
Cynoglassum officinale L., TH, Eua (Ct), U 2 T 3 R 4, Car. Onopordion. 1:cstucuion
rupicolae
SCROPHULARIACEAE
Verbascum blattaria L., H, Eua (Md),U 2,5 T 3,5 R 4, Car. Onopordion
Verbascum phoeniceum L., H, Eua-Ct, U 2 T 4 R 4, Festucetalia vaksiarac ( ~
Quercetea)
Linaria vulgaris Mill., H, Eua, U 2 T 3 R 4, Chenopodio-Scleranthea
Scrophularia nodosa L., H, Eua, U 3,5 T 3 RO, Car. Fagetalia
Veronica austriaca L., H, Ec, U 1,5 T 4 R 5, Seslerio-Festucion pallentis
Veronica austriaca L.ssp.jacquinii (Baumg.)J. Maly, H, Ec, U 1,5 T 4 R 5, Fcstuntalia
valesiacae
Veronica officinalis L., Ch, Eua, U 2 T 2 R 2,Quercion roboris
Veronica beccabunga L., HH-H, Eua, U 5 T 3 R 4, Glycerio-Sparganion
Veronica praecox All., Th, Me-Ec, U 1,5 T 3,5 R 3, Festucetalia vaginatae
Veronica serpyllifolia L., H, Cm, U 3 T 3 RO, Agropyro-Rumicion
Rhinanthus rumelicus Velen, Th, D-B-Anat, U 3 T 4 RO, Arrhenatheretea
Melampyrum cristatum L., Th, Eua, U 2 T 3 R 5, Quercetea
Lathraea squamaria L., G, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 3,Fagetalia, Car. Querco-Fagetea
PLANTAGINACEAE
Plantago major L., H, Eua, U 3 T O R O, Plantaginetea
Plantago media L., H, Eua, U 2,5 TOR 5, Car. Festuco-Brometea
Plantago lanceolata L., H, Eua, U O T O R O, Festuco-Brometea
25
LAMIACEAE (LABIATAE)
Ajuga reptans L., H-Ch, E, U 3,5 TO RO, Arrhenatheretalia, Fagetalia
Ajuga genevensis L., H, Eua (Ct), U 2,5 T 3 R 4, Car. Festuco-Brometea
Teucrium chamaedrys L., Ch, Md (Ec), U 2 T 3,5 R 4, Quercetea pubescenti-petraeae
Glecoma hederacea L., Ch (H), Eua, U 3,5 T 3 R 4, Alno-Padion
Prunella grandiflora (L.) Jacq., H, E, U 3 T 3 R 5, Car. Festuco-Brometea
Prunella laciniata (L.) L., H, Md (Ec), U 2,5 T 3,5 R 3, Festuco-Brometea
Melittis melissophyllum L., H, Ec (Md), U 2,5 T 3 R 5, Omo-Cotinion
Lamium purpureum L., Th, Eua, U 3 T O R 4, Secalietea, Car. Polygono-
Chenopodietalia
Lamium album L., H, Eua, U 3 T 3 RO, Arction
Lamiastrum galeobdolon (L.) Ehrend et Polatschck, H-Ch, Ec, U 3 TOR 4, Fagetalia
Galeopsis speciosa Mill., Th, Eua, U 3 T 2 RO, Fagetalia
Stachys germanica L., H-TH, P-Md, U 2 T 4 R 4, Onopordion
Stachys sylvatica L., H, Eua, U 3,5 TOR O, Car. Fagetalia
Stachys recta L., H, P-Md, U 2 T 4 R 5, Festucetalia valesiacae, Festuco-Brometea,
Car. Geranion sanguinei
Salvia pratensis L., H, E (Md), U 2,5 T 3 R 5, Car. Festuco-Brometea ( ~ Quercetea
pubescenti-petraeae)
Salvia nemorosa L., H, Ec, U 2,5 T 4 R 3,Festuco-Brometea
Salvia verticillata L., H, Eua (Md), U 2 T 4 R O, Festuco-Brometea
Melissa officinalis L., H, Md, U 2 T 4 RO, Quercetea
Calamintha sylvatica Bromf., H, Ec (Md), U 2,5 T 3,5 R 5, Car. Quercion pubescenti-
petraeae
Clinopodium vulgare L., H, Circ (bor), U 2 T 3 R 3,Querco-Fagetea
Thymus comosus Heuffel, Ch, Carp (end), U 2 T 3,5 R 4,5 Seslerio-Festucion pallentis,
Asplenietea rupestris, Teucrion montani
Thymus pannonicus Ali., Ch, E, U 1,5 T 3,5 R 4 Festuco-Brometea, Festucetalia
valesiacae
Thymus pulegioides L., Ch, Ec, U 2,5 T 3 R 3, Festuco-Brometea
Lycopus exaltatus L., HH, Eua (Ct), U 5 T 3 RO, Phragmitetea
Mentha longifolia (L.) Nathh, H(G), Eua (Md), U 4,5 T 3 RO, Glycerio-Sparganion
26
CAMPANULACEAE
Campanula sibirica L., H, Eua (Ct), U 2,5 T 4 R 4, Festucctalia valesiacae
Campanula rapunculoides L., H, Eua (Md), U 3 T 2 R O, Qucrco-Fagetea, Fagetalia,
Car. Geranion sanguinei
Campanula patu/a L., TH, E, U 3 T 2,5 R 3, Arrhenatheretca
ASTERACEAE (COMPOSITAE)
Bellis perennis L., H, E (Md), U 3 T 2,5 RO, Arrhenatheretea, Car. Cynosurion
Aster amellus L., H, Eua (Ct), U 2 T 3 R 4, Quercetalia petraeac-puhcscentis
Omalotheca sylvatica (L.) Schultz Bip. et F.W. Schultz, H, Circ (bor), lJ 3 T 3 R 3, Car.
Epilobietea
/nula hirta L., H, Eua (Ct), U 2 T 4 R 5, Quercion pubescentis
/nula britannica L., TH-H, Eua (Md), U 3 T 3 R O, Plantaginetea
Anthemis tinctoria L., H, Eua, U 1,5 T 3 R 3, Festucetalia valesiacae
Achillea co/lina Becker, H, Ec, U 2 T 3 R 3, Festuco-Brometca, ( 'liL1111podio-
Scleranthea
Achillea millefolium L., H, Eua, U 3 TOR O, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
Leucanthemum vulgare L., H, Eua, U 3 TOR O, Car. Arrhenatheretea
Tanacetum corymbosum (L.) Schultz Bip., H, Eua (Md), U 2,5 T 2,5 R 3, ()ucrrn -
Fagetea, Quercetalia pubescentis
Tussilago farfara L., G (H), Eua, U 3,5 TO R 5, Filipendulo-Petasition
Senecio vulgaris L., Th-TH, Eua, U 3 T O R O, Chenopodio-Scleranthca, ('ar.
Chenopodietea
Senecio jacobea L., H, Eua, U 2,5 T 3 R 3, Quercetea
Xeranthemum cylindraceum Sibth. et Sm., Th, P-Md, U 1,5 T 4 R 3, Festucion
rupicolae
Arctium minus (Hill.) Bernh, TH, E, U 3 T 3, R 5, Car. Arction
Carduus crispus L., TH, E, U 4 T 3 RO, Alno-Padion, Salicion
Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., G, Eua (Md), U O TOR O, Chenopodio-Scleranthea
Cirsium canum (L.) Ali., G, Eua (Ct), U 4,5 T 3 R 5, Alno-Padion, Alnetea
Cirsium rivulare (Jacq.) Link, H, Ec, U 4 T 3,5 RO, Alnetea, Alno-Padion
Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten., TH, Eua, U 3 T 3 RO, Epilobietea
Centaurea cyanus L., Th, Cm, U 3 T 4 RO, Secalietea, Car. Aperetalia
27
Centaurea scobiosa L., H, Eua (Md), U 2,5 TO R 4, Festuco-Brometea, Car. Geranion-
Sanguinei
Centaurea nigrescens Villd., H, Ec, U 3,5 T 3 R3, Molinio-Juncetea, Arrhenatherion
Cichorium intybus L., H, Eua,U 2,5 T 3,5 R 5, Arrhenatheretea
Lapsana communis L, Th, Eua (Md), U 2,5 T 3 R 3, Querco-Fagetea, Arction, Car.
Alliarion
Aposeris foetida (L.) Less., H, Ec, U 3 T 2,5 R 4, Car. Fagion dacicum, Carpinion
Hypochoeris radicala L., H, E, U 3 T 3 R 3, Cynosurion
Leontodon hispida L., H, Eua, U 2,5 T O R O, Mesobromion, Car. Molinio-
Arrhenatheretea
Picris hieracioides L., TH (H), Eua, U 1,5 T 3 R 4, Arction
Tragopogon pratensis L.ssp.orientalis (L.) Celak, Th, Eua, U 3 T 3 R 4,
Arrhenatheretea
Mycelis muralis (L.) Dum., H, E, U 3 T 3 RO, Car. Querco-Fagetea
Hieracium pilosella L., H, E (Md), U 2,5 TO RO, Festuco-Brometea
Hieracium auricula Lam. et DC., H, E, U 3 TOR 3, Fagetalia
ASPARAGACEAE
Maianthemum bifoliwn (L.) F.W.Schm., G, Eua, U 3, T 3 RO, Fagetalia
Polygonatum odoratum ( Mill.) Druce, G, Eua (Md), U 2 T 3 R 4, Quercetea, Geranion
sanguinei
Polygonatum multiflorum (L.) Ali., G, E, U 3 T 3 R 3, Querco-Fagetea, Car. Fagetalia
ASPHODELLACEAE
Anthericum ramoswn L., G, Ec (Md), U 2,5 T 3,5 R 4, Festuco-Brometea
HYACYNTHACEAE
Muscari comosum (L.) Mill., G, Md-Ec, U 1,5 T 3,5 RO, Festuco-Brometea
Ornithogalum pyramidale L., G, Md, U 2,5 T 4 R 4, Secalietea
Ornithogalum umbellatum L., G, Md (Ec), UO T 3,5 R 4, Secalietea
Scilla bifolia L., G, E, U 3,5 T 3 R 4, Car. Querco-Fagetea, Carpinion
28
ALLIACEAE
Allium o/eraceum L., G, Eua, U 3 T 3 RO, Quercetea
Allium scorodoprasum L., G, Ec-Md, V 2 T 3 R 4, Car. A/110-Padion
Allium ursinum L., G, E, U 3,5 T 3,5 R 4 Car. Fagetalia
COLCHICACEAE
Colchicum autumnalis L., G, E (Md), U 3,5 T 3 R 4, Molinietalia
IRIDACEAE
Crocus vernus (L.) Hill, G, Carp-B, U 3 T 1 R 2, Fagion
Gladiolus imhricatus L., G, Eua(cont), U 3,5 T 3 R 3 Triseto-Polygonion, Alno-J>adion
ORCHIDACEAE
Orchis purpurea Huds., G, Ec, U 2,5 T 4 R 5, Quercion petraeae, Fagctalia.<)ul'l"cetalia
pubescentis
Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) So6, G, Eua, U 4 TOR 4, Car. Calthion
Platanthera bifolia (L.) L. C. Rich., G, Eua (Md), U 3,5 TOR 3, Molinictalia, <)ul'l"co-
Fagetea
Listera ovata (L.) L.Br., G, Eua (Md), U 3,5 TOR 4, Fagion
Neottia nidus-avis (L.) L. C. Rich., G, Eua (Md), U 3,5 T 3 R 3, Car. Fagetalia
JUNCACEAE
Juncus buffonius L., Th, Cm, U 4,5 TOR 3, Plantaginetalia
Juncus effusus L., H, Cm, U 4,5 T 3 R 3, Plantaginetea
Luzula pilosa (L.) Willd., H, Eua, U 2,5 T 2 R 3, Fagetalia, Quercetalia roboris
Luzula campestris (L.) Lam. et DC., H, E (Md), U 3 TOR 3, Arrhenatheretea
CYPERACEAE
Scirpus sylvaticus L., HH, Circ, U 4,5 T 3 R O, Car. Alno-Padion
Carex muricata L., H, Eua (Md),U 3 T 3 RO, Quercetea pubescenti-petraeae, Querco-
Fagetea
Carex digitata L., H, E, U 3 T 3 R 3,Car. Fagetalia
Carex tomentosa L., G, Eua (Md), U 3 T 3 RO, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
29
Carex sylvatica Huds., H, E, U 3,5 T 3 R 4, Car. Fagetalia
Carex distans L., H, E, U 4 T 3 R 4, Agrostion stoloniferae
POACEAE (GRAMINEAE)
Anthoxanthum odoratum L., H, Eua, U O TOR O, Quercetalia
Briza media L., H, Eua, U O T 3 RO Arrhenatheretalia, Molinietalia
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., G, Cm, U 2 T 3,5 RO, Festuco-Brometea
Agrostis capillaris L., H, Circ, U O TOR O, Molinio-Arhenatheretea
Agrostis stolonifera L., H, Circ, U 4 TOR O, Agropyro-Rumicion
Milium effusum L., H, Circ, U 3,5 T 3 R 3, Car. Fagetalia
Melica nutans L., H-G, Eua (Md), U 3 TOR 4, Car. Querco-Fagetea
Melica ciliata L., H, Ec-B, U 1,5 T 4 R 4, Asplenio-Festucion pallentis
Deschampsia caespitosa (L.) P. Beauv., H, Cm, U 4 TOR O, Molinio-Juncetea
Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) J. et C. Presl, H, E(Md), U 3 T 3 R 4, Agrostion
stoloniferae
Bromus arvensis L., Th-TH, Eua (Md), U 2,5 T 3 RO, Onopordetalia
Dactylis glomerata L., H, Cm, U 3 TOR 4, Car. Carpinion, Fagion
Poa nemoralis L., H, Eua, U 3 T 3 RO, Car. Querco-Fagetea
Poa trivialis L., H, Eua U 4 TOR O Filipendulo-Petasition
Festuca valesiaca Schleicher, H, Eua, U l T 5 R 4, Quercetea pubescenti-petraeae
Phleum pratense L., H, Circ (Md), U 3,5 TO RO Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
Alopecurus pratensis L., H, Eua U 4 T 3 RO Filipendulo-Petasition
Trisetumflavescens (L.) P.B., H, Circ, U O TOR O Car. Polygono-Trisetion
Lolium perenne L., H, Eua (Md), U 2,5 T 4 R 5, Cynosurion
ARACEAE
Arum maculatum L., G, Ec (Md), U 3,5 T 3 R 4, Car. Fagetalia
References
BARKMAN 1., MORAVEC J., RAUSCHERT S. 198 l. Code of phytosociological nomenclature.

Vegetatio, vol.67 (3), Upssala.
BORZA AL., BOCAIU N.1963. Introducere n studiul covorului vegetal. Ed. Acad. Rom.,
Bucureti.
30
BOCAIU N. 1971. Flora i vegetaia Munilor arcu, Godeanu i Cernei, Ed. Acad.,
R.S.R., Bucureti
CIOCRLAN V. 2000. Flora ilustrat a Romniei. Ed. Ceres, Bucurqti

COLDEA, GHE. 1991. Prodrome des associations vegetale.\ des Carpates du sud- est
(Carpates Roumaines). Docum. phytosoc., N. S., 13, Camerino
CRISTEA, V., 1991, Fitocenologie i vegetaia Romniei, ndru111tor de lucrilri practice,
xerografiat, Univ. Cluj-Napoca
.I A VORKA, Soo. 1950. A Magyar Nvenyvilag Keziknyve, Budapesta
OBERDORFER E. 1962, Planzensoziologische Excursionsflora fur Siiddc111sch/<11ul und die
angrenzenden Gebiete, Stuttgart
RESMERI I. 1982. Succesiuni de flor i vegetaie n urma deji-ilirii i inandierii
fgetelor. n Fgetele Carpatine. Semnificaia lor bioistoric i ecoprotcl"fiv, Cluj-
Napoca, 133-147.
SANDA V. 2002. Vademecum cenostructural privind covorul vegetal din Ro11u11ia.
Bucureti, Edit. Vergiliu,
SANDA V., POPESCU A., DOLTU I. M., DONI N. 1983. Caracterizarea ern/ogini I
.fltocenologic a speciilor spontane din flora Romniei, Studii i Comunicf1ri, St. Nat.,
supl., 25, Sibiu
SANDA V., POPESCU A., STANCU Daniela Ileana. 2001. Structura cenotic i caractai-:.arrn
ecologic a fitocenozelor din Romnia. Ed. Conphis, Rmnicu-Vlcea
SANDA V., 0LLERER KINGA, BURESCU P., 2008, Fitocenozele din Romnia. Sintaxo11m11ie,
structur, dinamic i evoluie. Ed Ars Docendi, Bucureti
1 .r x Flora RPR i RSR, 1952-1976, vol.1-XIII, Ed. Acad., Bucureti
1 x x Geografia Romniei, /II, Carpaii romneti i Depresiunea Transilvaniei, 1987, Ed.

Acad Bucureti
Marcela Balazs
The Museum of Dacian and Roman Civilization
39, 1 Decembrie Street, Deva, Hunedoara County
e-mail: marcela_balazs@yahoo.com
31
THE VEGETATION OF THE ZEICANI V ALLEY (HUNEDOAl~A

COUNTY) AND
BISTRA VALLEY (CARA-SEVERIN COUNTY), ROMANIA
MAIH'ELA BALAZS
Summary
The Vegetation of the Zeicani Valley (Hunedoara County) and Histra Valll'Y ({ ':m1~
Severin County), Romania
During 2009-2010, the vegetation of Zeicani Valley (Hunedoara County) a11d llistra
Vallcy (Cara-Severin County) was studicd. lO plant associations, many of thcm i111"1Ul'lll'l'd hy thl'
a111hropogenic faclors, wcre idcntified. For cach association ccological indiccs and lhl' 'I'''' 1111111 111
Lifc J'orrns (Bioforms) ancl Ckoclcmcnts arc highlightecl. Thc author also poin1' \1111 lhl" ,1,111
11r<>ccss of rcsc1tlcmcnt of' woocly vegetat ion on clcarcd Jancls.
Key words: Vcgctation, Zcicani Vallcy. Bistra Vallcy, Romania
Rezumat
Vegetaia Vii Zekani (judeul Hunedoara) i Vii Bistra (judeul Cara~-S11t..-i111,
Romnia
In perioada 2009-20 l O a fost studiata vegetaia Vilor Zcicani (judeul Hu11vd<1;11 ;11 -..i
H1-;tra (judeul Cara-Sevl'rin), Romlnia. Au fost identificate 10 asociaii vegetale, multe d11111, 1k
1111lucn\ate de factorul antropic. Pentru fiecare asocia\ic au fost cvidcn\iai indiui l'Lii'.!'ll I ~1
'l'''Ltrek hioformelor i geoclemcntclor. Autorul evideniaz de asemenea procesul 1,111 d,
1111hl;dare al vcgcta\ici pc locul terenurilor defriate.
Cuvinte cheie: Vegetaie. Valea Zeicani, Valea Bistra, Romnia
INTRODUCERE
Thc Village of Zeicani (Sarmizegetusa Commune, Hunedoara County) is situatcd 111
llll' ,111111!-western part of the Haeg Depression, at the north-eastern foot of the Tarcu
I\ Io 111111;1i11s and at the contact with the south-eastern part of Poiana Rusc Mountains. Thc
t11il1nl arca is also located near the Pass of "The Iron Gate of Transsilvania", at an altitudc of
1
111I111. Thc river of Zeicani, a tributary of the Breazova River (The Basin of Strei River) cross
1111 11.1111ral habitats nearby Zeicani locality. The north-eastern part of Tarcu Mountains are
' 111.nl liy the river of Bistra, a tributary of Timi River.
33
Under the climate issue, the area is characterized by moderate climatic elements. The
average of the annual temperature is 8-I0C. It is a region with relativcly high moisturc (70-
80%,) and annual preccipitations of 600-750 mm.
The study of the vegetation of Zeicani locality and the north-eastern part of arcu
Mountains was conducted between 2009-2010 and highlightcd a numbcr of plant associations
with a floristic composition influenced by anthropical factor. A number of associations wcre
installcd during time, aflcr dcforcslation. lt was found that thc rescttlcmcnl proccss of thc
woocly vcgctation occurs vcry slowly.
MOLINIO - ARRHENATHERETEA R. Tx. 1937 (Syn. Molinio-Juncetea Br.-Bl. ex A.

De B616s y Vayreda 1950; Agrostietea-stoloniferae Gors 1968)
MOLINIETALIA CAERULEAE Koch 1926 (Syn. Deschampsietalia Horvatic 1958)
Agrostion stoloniferae So6 (1933) 1971
Ass. Ranunculo repenti - Alopecuretum repentis ELLMAUER ET MUCINA IN MUCINA
et al.1993 (Syn. Alopecuretum pratensis Rege! 1925; Alopecuretum pratensis Steffen 1931)
The association Ranunculo repenti-Alopecuretum pratensis is frequent in Romania
from the plain until the mountain belt. In the studied area the phytocoenoses of this
association were reported from the wet soii and flat lands with an excess of the humidity, in
the riverside of the Cracului and Lupului rills. The characteristic species of this association
Alopecurus pratensis and Ranunculus repens occupy 60-80% of the surface. Many species
characteristic for the aliance, order and class (cca 30%) participate in the floristic
composition. From these species, Agrostis stolonifera, Festuca pratensis, Poa pratensis and
Trifolium repens have a high frequency. In some phytocoenoses, species of Potentillion
Alliance and Potentillo-Polygonetalia Order participate. From these, Elymus repens has a
constant and highcr abundancc in this association.
Plantago major has a high frequency m the Alliance Lolio-Plantaginion and
Taraxacum officinale, from the Alliance Arrhenatherion, is seen more often. In the floristic
composition some species of Puccinellio- Salicornietea Class are frequently and emphasize
the halophil character of the phytocoenosis. From these we mention luncus gerardii and
Taraxacum bessarabicum. In the studied phytocoenosis, the Class Phragmiti-Magnocaricetea
is represented by only two species Bolboschoenus maritimus and Carex vulpina. The analysis
of the floristic composition of the phytocoenosis emphasizes the lack or a low participation of
34
the weeds of the Classes Bidentetea, Stellarietea and Artemisietea. This is because the
researched phytocoenoses with Alopecurus pratensis are subject to moderate anthropic
influences, the most part of them being utilized as meadows. As an argument of the moderate
anthropozoogen pressure we emphasize the low value of the altitudinal index - Ka= 11 %.
The analysis of the ecologica! index. The studied phytocoenosis with Alopecurus
pratensis have a meso-hygrophilous character witb a strong mesophilous shade, reflected by
the high proportion of species which show these exigencies: meso-hygrophyte - 47.l %,
mesophyte - 35.3%. Other plants cornmunities have low values: xero-mesophyte and
amphitolerant species - 8.8%. Related to the temperature, 47.1 % of the pec1es are
amphitolerant species and 35.3% are rnicromesotherms. The moderate-thennophilous species
r present 11 .8% and those microthermes - 5.9%. The analysis of the soii reaction emphasizes
the slightly acid-neutrophilous character (38.2% species) altghough the euryionic species are
prevalent (44. l %) (Fig. 1).
50 -.-~~~~~~--~~-,,.~~~..,--~~--~~--
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
o
o 1-1 ,5 2-2,5 3-3,5 4-4,5 5-5,5
Fig. I. The spectrum of the ecological index/Spectrul indicilor ecologici
The Bioform sp ectrum is clearly dominated by the hemicryptophytes (79.4%), other

atcgories being underrepresented in this association: geophytes - 11 .8%, terophytes-8.8%
{Fig. 2a).
The spectrum of the geoelements. The Eurasian elements are dominant (73.5%),
lbllowed by Circumpolar species (14.7%), Cosmopolite (8.8%) and European species (2.9%)
l'rom all the species (Fig. 2 b).
35
Fig. 2. The spectrum of the biophorms (a) and geoelements (b)/
Spectrele bioformelor (a) i geoelementelor (b)
ARRHENATHERETALIA R. Tx. 1931 (Syn. Arrhenatheretalia Pawlowski 1928)

Arrhenatherion KocH 1926
Ass. Arrhenatheretum elatioris BR.-BL. EX SCHERRER 1925 (Syn. Pastinaco-
Arrhenateretum elatioris Passarge 1964)
These phytocoenosis develop on brown soils, neutral to wcak acid. wct and fertile
soils. Thc phytococnosis edified by Arrhenatherum elatius were recorded from all the studied
river valleys and have a rich floristic composition. The phytocoenosis that develop near rural
Jocalities and are used as pastures have Jow species diversity. The surface used as hayfield is
characterized by a greater number of species (in a sample surface the number of the species
varies between 21 and 40), well devcloped herhaceous layer and a general covcrage of 95-
100%.
Arrhenatherwn elatius, the dominant spec1es, can achieve a coverage of 60-80%,
being accompanied by many species characteristic for the alliance, order and class, that give
to the meadows a mesophilous character. Of them, Geranium pratense and Lotus corniculatus
are frequent species. The floristic composition reveals many characteristic species of other
sintaxa of the class. Of Alopecurion pratense Alliance, Agrostis stolonifera is the frequent
species. Of Potentillo-Polygonetalia Order, Elymus repens and Potentilla reptans are
dominant species. Of Lolio-Plantaginion alliance, Lolium perenne is the frequent species.
The presence of the species characteristic for the Puccinellio-Salicornietea Class
indicates the hrackish degree of the soii. Of halophyte species Jwzcus gerardii has a high
frcqucncy. In some phytococnosis. xero-mcsophyte species of Festuco-Brometea Class or
meso-hygrophyte and hygrophyte of Phragmiti-Magnocaricetea and Bidentetea tripartiti
Classcs are spreacling. The presence in thc floristic composition of rnany species of
36
Artemisietea and Stellarietea Classes emphasizes the anthropozoogen influence m these
phytocoenosis.
The analysis of the ecologica! index. The analysis of the index of the humidity
cmphasizes the dominance of the mesophytes (39.4%), followed by xero-mesophytes
(3 5.4%), meso-hygrophytes (12.1 %) and euryhygrous elements (6 . 1%). Refering to the
cxigencies of species for the thermic factor, 55 .6% represents mi cro-m otherme elements
und 25.3% are eurytherme elements. The moderate-thermophyte spec i r prcscnt 15.2% and
microtherme elements only 3% from all the species. According to the soiI r action, the
phytocoenosis have a slightly acid-neutrophil character (43.4%). 33.3% arc ury i ni c spec ies,
I I . l % are neutro-basiphile and 1O.I% are acido-neutrophile specie ( ig. ). Thc most
species have nota preference for the soii nitrogen content. However, 13.4% prc f' r an avcrage
ontent o_f this element and 7.2% of the species prefer low soil nitroge n supp ly. ln the
lloristic composition six nitrophyte species were reported that represent 6.2% or th ' total of
th c species.
60
so
40
33,J
30
2S,3
20
10
6,1
o
o 2 4 j 6 "I
Fig. nr. 3. The spectrum of the ecological index/Spectrul indicilor ecologici
The Bioform Spectrum (Life Form elements) is dominated by hemicryptophyte species

(1.6%) and terophytes (31.3%). Geophytes are represented by 7.1%, chamaephytes - 3%
1111 I hydro-helophytes - 1% of all the species (fig. 4 a) .
The Spectrum of the Geoelements. The phytocoenosis of the association are dominated
l\urasian species (59.6%), followed by Cosmopolite (16.2%), European (10.1%),
' 11 111n po lar (5.1%), Pontic (5.1%) and Mediterranean elements (2%) (Fig. 4b).
37
G Ch Hli
17% 61%
Fig. 4. The Spectrum of the Bioforms (a) and Geoelements (b)/

Cynosurion R. Tx. 1947

A~.;. Trifolio repenii - Lolietum KRIPPELOV A 1967 RESMERI ET POP 1967 (Syn.
Lolio - Trifolietum repentis Resmeri. et al. 1967; Lolietum perennis and Trifolietum repentis
Rvru et al. 1956)
The phytocoenosis of Lolium perenne are spread on flat lands and have a good fodder
value. The floristic composition is rich. Well represented are the species characteristic for the
superior cenotaxa of the association of the Class Molinio- Arrhenatheretea. Of these, it
distinguished, by a high constancy, Medicago lupulina, Cichorium intybus, Hordeum
murinum, Cynodon dactylon, Lotus corniculatus and Plantago lanceolata. Achillea setacea,
Artemisia austriaca, Centaurea dijfusa, Galium humifusum are constant species of the Class
Festuco-Brometea. The characteristic species of the Class Puccinellio-Salicornietea
emphazise the low halophile character of the association. The typical species for the Classes
Artemisietea vulgaris and Stellarietea mediae have a great spreading n these phytocoenosis
and emphazise a strong anthropozoogene influence.
Analiza indicilor ecologici. The analysis of the ex1genc1es from the soii humidity
emphazises the dominance of the xero-mesophyte species (44%) followed by mesophyte
spec1es (25.3%). Meso-hygrophyte spec1es represent 9.3%, xerophytes (8%) and
amphitolerantes (5.3% ). Conceming the temperature, the most species are micro-mesothermes
(42.7%). The euritherme species represent 29.3% and moderately-thermophyte species -
21.3%.
On soii chemical reaction, while the most species are euryionics (37.3% ), the low-
neutrophile character is due to the species with this kind of exigencies and represent 33.3%.
The acid-neutrophile represent 12% and those neutro-basiphile - 8% (Fig. 5).
38
40 +----+---+-~-....+--l-"'""'"'F-"--+-----1
30
20 _ _.,.. '---1-1----4--~ .~,___.i--- ....-~
1o _____ .........,..._ _,_~ --4'----~~
o -t-----
o 1-1,5 2-2,5 3-3,5 4-4,5 5-5,5
Fig. 5. The spectrum of the ecologica) index/Spectrul ind ici lor ol gici
The Biophorm Spectrum is dominated by therophyte p ies (44%) and
h micryptophyte species (41.3%). The geophytes represent 5.3% and the charnacphytcs - 4%
(Fig. 6a).
The Spectrum ofthe Geoelements shows the prevalence ofthe Eurasian sp cic ' 4 %)
lb llowed by Cosmopolite species (17.3%). European and Pontic species hav c ua l share
ach 10%), Circumpolar species - 4% and Mediterranean species - 1.3% (Fig. 6 b).
G p Cp Md
4%
T
46% Eua Euu
12%..._ 52%
Cos m
44% 19%
Fig. 6. The spectrum ofthe Biophorms (a) and Geoelements (b)/

l)OTENTILLO -POLYGONETALIA R. Tx. 1947 (Syn. Agrostietalia stoloniferae Oberd. in

bcrd. 1967)
l'otentillion anserinae R. Tx. 1947 (Syn. Agrostion stoloniferae Gors in Oberd. et al. 1967;
11 rropyro-Rumicion crispi Nordhagen 1940; Agrostion stoloniferae So6 1971)
Ass. Agrostietum stoloniferae BURDUJA et al. 1956 (Syn. Rorippo - Agrostietum
stoloniferae (Moor 1958) Oberd. et T. Muller in T. Muller 1961; Rumici - Agrostietum
sto/oniferae Moor 1958)
The Association Agrostietum stoloniferae is one of the most spread associations of the
t ivcrside, being found along rivers. In the studied area the most representative areas with
11 rrostis stolonifera were identified in the Upper of Bistra River and in the middle part of thc
39
I l11111s11. ('racului and Lupului Rivers. They are developing on flat land with an abundent
l111111idi1y. Agrostis stolonifera and Rorippa sylvestris, the characteristic species of the
association and those characteristic for the alliance, order and class represent 25% of the
lloristic composition. To these species are adding the species characteristic for other sintaxa
of' thc class such as Alopecurus pratensis, Festuca pratensis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Lolium
/)('rene with a high abundance. In the floristic composition the Class Puccinellio-
Salicornietea, Juncus gerardii, Trifoliumfragiferum and Taraxacum besarabicum have a high
f'rcquency. These species and other halophyte species with a low constance emphazise the
strong halophil character of some phytocoenosis of the association. The characteristic species
of the association are also accompanied by hygrophile species of the Phragmiti-
Magnocaricetea Class. The most frequent species are Bolboschoenus maritimus and
Phragmites australis. Under the anthropic influence, some phytocoenosis are penetrated by
weeds from the classes Artemisietea, Stellarietea and Bidentetea.
The analysis of the ecologica! index. The ecological conditions mark a meso-
hygrophilous character (42%) of the phytocoenosis with a strong mesophilous shade (25.5%).
The xero-mesophyte species represent 15.3%, hygrophytes 9.8% and amphitolerantes 7.4%.
Conceming the temperature, the most species are amphitolerants (45 .1 % ) and micro-
mesothermes (37.3%). The moderate-thermophilous species represent 13.7%. In therms of the
exigencies to the reaction of the soii, although most species are euryionics (41.2%), yet the
low acid-neutrophil character is printed by the species with this kind of exigencies and
represent 37.3%. The other categories have insignificant values: neutro-basiphile -11.8%,
acid-neutrophile -5.9%, acidophile - 2% (Fig. 7).
50 ~~-r~~~~~~~~~~~--
45 +---~"l-+--+-.......... . . - + - - - + - - - - + - - - - - 1
40
35
30 +---~+----+-i----+------+-
25 +---~---H'---11H-...,.._.~ - - - ,...___ __,
20 +------,~---t,__-~<---- , . - - - - + - --~
15 +----~ - -.......--1--~lt-- -+----:11.,..........;--,.....
1o -!--- =,.....-:-+-\ -.......+..,,_.- - - +........- --+:.,_--3111.r+---li..;-')--R
5 +-- ="""iii::-\
o 4--'-'=='-'==-l-="""'"~1-1-=~~-+----t~CJ-+.--"-'--+----'---H-4
o l-U 2-25
Fig. 7. The spectrum of the ecologica) index/Spectrul indicilor ecologici

The Spectrum of the Bioforms is dominated by hemicryptophytes (58.8%) followed by
terophytes (19.6%) and geophytes (13.7%). (Fig. 8a).
40
The Floristic Spectrum shows the prevalence of the Eurasian species (58.8%) followed
li smopolite species (2 1.6%) and Circumpolar species (15 . 7 ~ ). The Mediterranean and
pn llli elements are represented each other by 2% (Fi g. 8 b).
G Cp
15% 16%
T
H Eua
64% 2.1% 59%
Fig. 8. The Spectrum of the Bi oforms (a) and Geoelements (b)

/Spectrele bioformelor (a) i geoelementelor (b)
Ass. Rorippo austriacae - Agropyretum repentis (Timar 1947) R . Tx. 5

Elyinus repens (Agropyron repens) is a Circumpolar species with a Iar g grnphi al
p1 nd in g. The existence of these pastures is due to the flood regime of the riv rsid 'S . Th y
1 I ia lly develop on the places with alluvial depositories. In the arid areas, th I astur ',
d11111ina tcd by Elymus repens also have halophyte species that make the tran siti on to th' sall y
I'" 111r 'S . Many pastures, clominated by Elymus repens, are spread in the riversid or Bi stn
11 11 and its tributaries. The phytocoenosis are edified by Elymus repens. The v ' c t:llion
1 11\ 1r varies between 80 l 00%. The species characteristic for the alliance, for thc ord r an I
1111 tll c lass are accompanied by some species of Stellarietea mediae and Art ~mis ie t ea
'I 1 ~s s, species that penetrated these phytocoenos is aftcr an intense grazing.

The analysis of the ecologica! index. The analysis of the humidity index shows th
1111vtll nce, in almost equal proportions, of the xero-mesophytes (34.4%) and mesophyt 'S
II w~, ), followed by meso-hygrophytes (21.3%) , xerophytes ( 1.6%), hygrophytes ( 1.6%) an I
111 11plii1 lcrantes (4.9%). In then11s of temperature, 54.l % of the species are mi cro-
1111 otll rmes, 29.s<Yo are eurythermes and 14.8% are moderate-thermophytes. After the index
11 1 III so ii reaction, we realize that the phytocoenosis are dominated by the weak acid -
111 11 tmphi le species (44 .3%) and euryionic species (34.4%). The acid-neutrophile spec ies
11p1 s nt 9.9% and neutro-basiphile 8.2% from all the spccies (Fig. 9).
41
I l1111 is11, Cracului and Lupului Rivers. They are developing on flat land with an abundent
li11111idity. Agrostis stolonifera and Rorippa sylvestris, the characteristic species of the
association and those characteristic for the alliance, order and class represent 25% of the
lloristic composition. To these species are adding the species characteristic for other sintaxa
of thc class such as Alopecurus pratensis, Festuca pratensis, Arrhenatherum elatius, Lolium
/J<'rene with a high abundance. In the floristic composition the Class Puccinellio-
Salicornietea, Juncus gerardii, Trifoliumfragiferum and Taraxacum besarabicum have a high
frcquency. These species and other halophyte species with a low constance emphazise the
strong halophil character of some phytocoenosis of the association. The characteristic species
of the association are also accompanied by hygrophile species of the Phragmiti-
Magnocaricetea Class. The most frequent species are Bolboschoenus maritimus and
Phragmites australis. Under the anthropic influence, some phytocoenosis are penetrated by
weeds from the classes Artemisietea, Stellarietea and Bidentetea.
The analysis of the ecologica! index. The ecological conditions mark a meso-
hygrophilous character (42%) of the phytocoenosis with a strong mesophilous shade (25.5%).
The xero-mesophyte species represent 15.3%, hygrophytes 9.8% and amphitolerantes 7.4%.
Conceming the temperature, the most species are amphitolerants (45.1 %) and micro-
mesothermes (37.3%). The moderate-thermophilous species represent 13.7%. In therms of the
exigencies to the reaction of the soil, although most species are euryionics (41.2%), yet the
low acid-neutrophil character is printed by the species with this kind of exigencies and
represent 37.3%. The other categories have insignificant values: neutro-basiphile -11.8%,
acid-neutrophile -5.9%, acidophile - 2% (Fig. 7).
50 -.----...---....--
45 +----~"1-t----t-.........- r - + - - - + - - - - + - - -----!
40
35
30 - - - - .__ _ _.,__.._ _ _ ___,.__
25 - - - - ~-----+ir--____,H--..,.1-W""
20 --~ 't----=---iF----::tlllll~-- ~---+- - ---<
15 + - - - + - ---"*1---1...:H'tlt-- --ir--...--rT-r\.
1o -t-- =,..-::-t-\ - *-i------1--- --+::m~~.+----1--9-cR-
5 +--==-...ir--\
o +---+-"""'-r-f>+---+----"-++-+----+--~"-+H
Fig. 7. The spectrum of the ecologica! index/Spectrul indicilor ecologici

The Spectrum of the Bioforms is dominated by hemicryptophytes (58.8%) followed by
terophytes (19.6%) and geophytes (13.7%). (Fig. 8a).
40
The Floristic Spectrum shows the prevalence of the E urasian spec ies (58.8%) followed
li osmopolite species (21.6%) and Circumpolar species (15.7 :Vo ). The Mediterranean and
IH ntic elements are represented each other by 2% (Fig. 8 b).
G
15%
T
H Eua
64% 59%
Fig. 8. The Spectrum of the Bioforms (a) and Geoelements (b)

/Spectrele bioformelor (a) i geoelementelor (b)
Ass. Rorippo austriacae - Agropyretum repentis (Timar 1947) R. Tx.

Elyrnus rep ens (Agropyron repens) is a Circumpolar species with a larg graphi al
I r ading. The existence of these pastures is due to the flood regime of the riv rs i I s. Th y
p ially develop on the places with alluvial depositories. In the arid arcas , th pustu1" .
d11111inatecl by Elymus repens also have halophyte species that make the tran sition to th salty
p.istmes. Many pastures , clominated by Elymus repens, are spread in the riversid' or Bi st1"1
Vn ll ey and its tributaries. The phytocoenosis are edified by Elymus repens. Thc vc 1 et:Hio11
1 ovrr varies betwee n 80 I 00%. The species characteristic for the alliance, for thc ord r an I
1111 thc class are accompanied by some species of Stellarietea niediae and Arte111isi ' fea
'lasscs, species that penetrated these phytocoenosis aftcr an intense grazing.
The analysis of the ecologica! index. The analysis of the humidity index shows thc
p1 va lence, in alrnost equal proportions, of the xero-mesophytes (34.4%) and mesophytcs
( \ .8%), followed by meso-hygrophytes (21.3%), xerophytes (1.6%), hygrophytes (l.6%) an I
11 111phi tolerantes (4.9%). In therms of temperature, 54.1 % of the species are mi cro-
111 r~ ot hennes, 29.S<:i) are eurythermes and 14.8% are moderate-thermophytes. After the index
ni lile soii reaction, we realize that the phytocoenosis are dominated by the weak acid -
1w11 lrophile species (44.3 %) and euryionic species (34.4%) . The acid-neutrophile species
t prcsent 9.9% and neutro-basiphile 8.2% from all the spccies (Fig. 9).
41
1
60 ---~~-...~~~--~~--~~~~~~~--~~-
I
I so
40
30
20
JO
o
o 1-l j 2-2 5 3_
-3~5_ _ _ _ ,_5 _ _5_
4-4 -5~
5_
Fig. 9. The Spectrum of the ecological index/Spectrul indicilor ecologici
Depending on so il trophicity, the most species are eutrophes (46%) and mesotrophes
(3 1%). Elymus repens s accompanied by many halophytes (24.6%) of which a high
abundance have Juncus gerardii, Puccinelia limosa, Alopecurus pratense and Bolboschoenus
maritimus.
The Spectrum of the Bioforms. The analysed phytocoenosis are dominated by
hemicryptophytes (52.5%) followed by therophytes (32.8%), geophytes (13. l %) and
hydrohelophytes (1.6%) (Fig. 10 a).
ln the Spectrum of the Geoelements, Eurasian species are dominant (60.7%), followed
by Cosmopolite species (14.8%), European (9.8%), Circumpolar (6.6%), Pontic (4.9%) and
Mediterranean species (4.9%) (Fig. 10 b).
T
33o/o
.___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __.a
'---------------~b
Fig. 10. The Spectrum of the Bioforrns (a) and Geoelements (b)/
FESTUCO - BROMETEA Br.-Bl. et R. Tx. in Br.-Bl. 1949 (Syn. Festuco-Brometea Br.-Bl.

et R. Tx. 1943; Festuco-Brometea Br.-Bl. et R. Tx. ex Klika et Hadac 1947)
42
FESTUCETALIA VALESIACAE Br.-Bl. et R. Tx. ex Br.-Bl. 1949
Festucion valesiacae KLIKA 1931 (Syn. Festucion rupicolae So6 ( 1940) 1964; Festucion
sulcatae So6 (1929) 1940)
Ass. Artemisio austriacae - Poetum bulbosae I. POP 1970
The association Artemisio austriacae- Poiitum bulbosae is a s condary association and
1s developing in many ecologica! sites. In the studied area, the phytocoenosis of this
ussociation were identified on flat lands or low pitched. The floristic c mpo ition of the
us ociation includes species belonging to the order Festucetalia valesiaca and to the Class
/i'fstuco-Brometea but also characteristic species of other classes of vcgctation: Molinio-
rrhenatheretea (25% ), Stellarietea mediae (13 % ), Puccinellio-Salicorniel a (6%). The
1 companying species, Lolium perenne and Plantago lanceolata have a hi gh frequ ncy .
The analysis of the ecologica! index. The phytocoenosis of this associ ati on has a xero-
mcsophilous character determined by xero-mesophile species (47.8% of the total f specie ).
The mesophyte species have a share of 32.6%. The xerophyte, meso-hygr phytc and
omphitolerante species have an equal proportion (6.5%). Related to the temperature fac t r, the
spccies micro-mezothermes are dominants (50%). The moderate-thermophile plants and
' urytherme plants have close values: 26.1 % and 23.9%. Related to the index of the reacti n
o the soii and the degree of the nutrient supply we found that these phytocoeno s are
dcveloping on weak acid-neutrophile (44.5%) with a high trophicity (eutrophes -50%) (Fi g.
I I) . The presence in the floristic composition of the halophyte species (15 .2%) shows the
suIty character of the soil.
60 -.-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~---
50 -t--~~-t-~~-t---r-r.rn.---.~itt-~~-t-~-..-t
40 +-~"~-i.-~~-i.----~=-----__,,.._~~4-~---I
o 1-1,5 2-2,5 3-3,5 4-4,5 5-5,5
Fig. 11. The Spectrum of the ecologica! index/

Spectrul indicilor ecologici
In the Spectrum of Bioformes, the most numerous are hemicryptophytes (50%) and
lherophytes (37%), followed by geophytes (10.9%) and chamaephytes (2.2%) (Fig. 12 a).
43
The Spectrum of the geoelements is dominated by the Eurasian spec ies (60.9% ). Other
floristic elements are represented by a lower share: European - 13 %, Pontic - 8.7 %,
Cosmopolite species - 8.7% and Circumpolar species -4.3% (fig. 12 a) .
p
9%
T
37%
Ass. Cynodonti- Poetum angustifoliae RAPAICS EX So6 1957

The phytocoenosis dominated by Cyn.odon dactylon are spread on dry and
sunny flat lands, on alluvial soils, sometirnes wcak salinizcd. lt is a secondary association
with a heterogeneous floristic composition. \Vith Cynodon dactylon and Poa angustifolia,
characteristic for this association, some species characteristic for the alliance, order and class
are developing. Of them, Galium hwnifusum, Centaurea diffusa, Artemisia austriaca an.d
Achillea setacea have a high constancy. Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata, Cichorium
intybus, Lotus corniculatus, Medicago lupulin.a, Trifoliwn repens from Molinio-
Arrhenatheretea Class also have a significant constancy. In the floristic composition some
species characteristic for the Puccinellio-Salicornietea Class exist. They have a small
constancy and exprime the weak halophile character of the phytocoenosis. Numerous are the
weeds of Artemisietea and Stellarietea mediae Classes which represents an index of
degradation of these phytocoenosis. Very frequent are Verbascum phlomoides, Bromus
arvense and B. japonicus.
The Spectrum of the ecologica! index. The analysis of the exigencies to the humidity
of the soil emphasizes the xero-mesophyte species (52.8 %), followed by mesophyte species
(22.6%). Other categories have smaller shares: xerophyte and meso-hygrophite (9.4% each
other), euryhydre - 5.7%. Related to the temperature factor, in these phytocoenosis the micro-
mesotherme species are dominant (54.7%) followed by eurytherme species (24.5%) and
moderate-thermophilous species (18.9%) . Regarding the index of the reaction of the soil, the
species weak acid-neutrophile and euryionic species have equal share (39 .6% ). The acid-
44
neutrophile species have 11.3%; Neutro-basiphile species repre ent 9.4% from all the species
(fi g. 13).
50
40
30
20
10
o 1-1 ,5 2-2,5 3-3,5 4-4,5 5-5 ,5
Fig. 13. The--Spectrum of the ecologica! index/Spectrul indicilor ecolo 1 1
The spectrum of Bioforms: Hernicryptophyte species are dominan t (52. %), fi li wcd
by therophyte (35.8%). Other bioforms have small shares (Fig. 14 a).
The analysis of the Floristic spectrum (geoelements) emphazises the dominan f th
uroasian species (45.3%) followed by Cosmopolite (18.9%), Pontic (13.2%), ~ ur p an
( 11.3%) and Circumpolar species (7.5%) (Fig. 14 b).
Ch Cp
5% 8%
I Eua
47%
pj
H 14%
53 %
Cosm
19%
a b
Fig. 14. The Spectrum of the Bioforms (a) and Geoelements (b)
/Spectrele bioforrnelor (a) i geoelementelor (b)
l~ HAMNO-PRUNETEA Rivas Goday et Borja Carbonell 1961

( yn. : Crataego - Prunetea R. Tx. 1942; Sambuco-Prunetea Jurko 1964; Sambucetea Doing
I 62; Prunetea spinosae Radke 1980)
PRUNETALIA SPINO SAE R. Tx. 1952
Prunion spinosae So6 1951
Ass. Pruno spinosae - Crataegetum (So6 1927) HUECK 1931
45
The phytocoenosis of this association were identified at the edge of the forest placed at
the Cracului and Lupului Rivers, in deforested places. In the floristic composition enter
species characteristic for the alliance and for the class, accompanied by many species of
Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and Artemisietea Classes.
The analysis of the ecologica/ index. The index ofthe humidity indicate the dominance
of the mesophyte and xeromesophyte species, in equal proportion each (35%) Meso-
hygtophytes represent 15% and euryhydres 10%.
After requirements to temperature, the micro-mesotherme species are prevalent (55%),
followed by eurythermes (30%) and moderate-thermophytes (15%). Depending on soil
reaction, the phytocoenosis have a weak acid-neutrophilic character (50%). The Euryionic
species have 30% and those acid-neutrophiles have a percentage of 20% from all the species
(Fig. 15).
60 -----...---.....---.-.----.-----.~---
o 4 - - - + - - -..........----<1--..........--<~ ---~
40 +---+-----+---+-----..+-
30 +-~'~!t----~--------' -1---- + - - - - 1
20
10
o +---+--""' ~ ~-- ~1-+----+---+--'t
o 1-1.S 2-2 . 3-3,S 4-l,5 - - ,5
Fig.15. The Spectrum of the ecologica) index/

The spectrum of the Bioforms (Life form elements). Hemicryptophytes are dominant
(65%), followed by phaneropytes (15%), geophytes (10%) and hydrohelophytes (5%) and
therophytes /5%) (Fig. 16 a).
The Floristic elements. In the floristic composition of the phytocoenosis, Euroasian
species are . dominant (60%), followed by Cosmopolites (15%), European species (10%),
Pontic species (10%) and Circumpolar species (5%) (fig.16 b).
46
M H Eua
1 5~0 Cosm 60%
65%
15%
~----------------'a~--------------- b
Spectrele bioformelor(a) i geoelementelor (b)
GA L/O - URTICETEA Passarge 1967 em. Kopecky 1969

LAMIO ALBI - CHENOPODIETALIA BONI-HENRICI Kopecky 1969
Galio-Alliarion LOHMEYER ET OB ERD. 1967 in Oberd. et al. 1967
Ass. Sambucetum ebuli FELFOLDY 1942
The phytocoenosis of this association were identified as clusters, at th d of
roadside and riverside, nearby villages. Sambuculus ebulus is the dominant spe i s. ln the
flo ristic composition many species are characteristic for ruderal places but mes phi lous and
xerophilous species from Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and Festuco-Brometea were als f un I.
The analysis of the ecologica! index. The xero-mesophytes (45.7%) and mcsoph yl s
(3 1.4%) are dominant species, followed by meso-hygrophytes ( 11.4% ), xeroph yt s and
urythermes (5.7 % each).
The analysis of the temperature index indicate the prevalence of the mi cr -
mesotherme species (51.4%) followed by eurythermes (25.7%) and moderate-thermophi l s
(22.9%).
After requests from soil reaction the weak acid-neutrophile spec1es are domin ants
(48.6%) followed by euryionic species (27.7%) and acid-neutrophiles (19 . 1o/o ) (Fig. 17).
47
60 ~-~~-..-------.r-----~----....~
50 +----t-----1~---t---1~~~ ~1"111"'11:~---I
40 +----+---~1--:~...;:a-c--1--~
30 +------+----l~---4*"--ll~ ~~-----
20 +---1'.-+---~--.....it--- -......ili.---...=.=ol;'------!
10 + - - -........- --#-.......--'"ll~----t---~'ft:-
0 +----+-- - --- "..-.f...+--~1----+--=::t..,~

o 1-1,5 2-2,5 3-3,5 4-4,5 5-5,5
Fig.17. The Spectrum of the ecologica! index/

The Bioforms (The Lifeforms spectrum). The phytocoenosis with Sambucus ebulus are
dominated by hemicryptophytes (57.1 %) and therophytes (34.3%), followed by geophytes
8.6% (fig. 18 a).
The Floristic elements. The analysis of the floristic elements reveals the prevalence of
the Eurasian species (51.4%), followed by Cosmopolite (14.3%), Circumpolar (11.4%),
Pontic (8.6%) and European species (5.7%) (Fig. 18 b).
eo...
16!1
Fig.18. The Spectrum ofthe Bioforms (a) and Geoelements (b)/

ARTEMISIETEA VULGARIS Lohmeyer et al. In R.Tx. 1950

ONOPORDETALIA ACANTHII Br.-Bl. et R. Tx. ex Klika et Hadac 1944 (Syn.
Artemisietalia vulgaris R. Tx. 194 7)
Onopordion acanthii BR.-BL. et aL 1936 (Syn. Artemision absinthii Elias 1979)
Ass. Onopordetum acanthii BR.-BL. et al. 1936 (Syn. Carduo-Onopordetum So6
1947)
The phytocoenosis of this association are spread along the roadside and on the lands
on which animals remained. The characteristic and dominant species is Onopordon
48
acanthium. The floristic composition is represented by species characteristic for the alliance
and order but al so for other sintaxa of the Artemisietea vulgaris Class. These are accompanied
by many species of Stellarietea media, Festuco-Brometea and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
Classes.
The analysis of the ecologica! index. The index of thc humidity point out the
prevalence of the xero-mesophyte species (59.3%) and mesophytes (35.3<%). The analysis of
the temperature index indicates the prevalence of the micro-mesothermcs (45.8'%), followed
by eurythermes (29.2%) and moderate-thermophyle species (25%). Aftcr rcqucsts from soii
reaction, the euryionic species are dominant (58.3%). The weak acid-ncutrophilc spccics have
a percentage of 25% and those acid-neutrophile 12.5% (Fig. 19).
70 -------------------------------------
60
50
40
30
20
10 -
o ~--~ ....
o 1-1,5 2-2,5 3-3,5 4-4,5 5-5,5
Fig. 19. The Spectrum of the ecologica} index/

The Bioforms (The Life forms). The phytocoenosis are dominated by therophytcs
(62.5%) and hemicryptophytes (25%), followed by geophytes (8.3%) (Fig. 20 a).
The floristic elements. The analysis of the floristic elements reveals the prevalencc of
thc Euroasian species (41.7%) and Cosmopolite (29.2%).
Other elements are less represented: European -12.5%, Circumpolar - 4.2%, Pontic
4.2% (Fig. 20 b).
49
,.... _ ................................. -- -. --------- - - ------ - - - - - - - - -
p
E 5%
Eua
45%
T
65% Cosm
32%
References
BARKMAN J., MORAVEC J., RAUSCHERT S. 1981. Code of phytosociological nomenclature,

Vegetatio, vol.67 (3), Upssala.
BORZA AL., BOCAIU N.,1963. Introducere n studiul covorului vegetal, Ed. Acad. Rom.,
Bucureti.
BOCAIU N., 1971. Flora i vegetaia Munilor arcu, Godeanu i Cernei, Ed. Acad., R .S.R.,
Bucureti.
CIOCRLAN V . 2000. Flora ilustrat a Roniniei. Ed. Ceres, Bucureti.

COLDEA GH. 1991. Prodrome des associations veghales des Carpates du sud- est ( Carpates
Roumaines), Docum. phytosoc., N . S., 13 , Camerino.
CRISTEA V. 1991. Fitocenologie i vegetaia Romniei, ndrumtor de lucrri practice,
xerografiat, Univ. Cluj-Napoca.
RESMERI I. 1982. Succesiuni de fi.or i vegetaie n urma defririi i incendierii fgetelor.
n Fgetele Carpatine. Semnificaia lor bioistoric i ecoprotectiv, Cluj-Napoca, 133-
147.
SANDA V. 2002. Vademecum cenostructural privind covorul vegetal din Romnia. Bucureti,
Edit. Vergiliu.
SANDA V., POPESCU A. , DOLTU I. M., DONI N. 1983. Caracterizarea ecologic i
fitocenologic a speciilor spontane din fi.ora Romniei, Studii i Comunicri, tiinele
Naturii, supl., 25, Sibiu.

SANDA V., POPESCU A., STANCU DANIELA ILEANA. 2001. Structura cenotic i caracterizarea
ecologic a fitoceno zelor din Romnia. Ed. Conphis, Rmnicu-Vlcea.
50
SANDA V., OLLERER KINGA, BURESCU P. 2008, Fitocenozele din Romnia. Sintaxonomie,
structur, dinamic i evoluie, Ed Ars Docendi, Bucureti.
xxx Flora RPR i RSR, 1952-1976 vol.1-XIII, Ed.Acad., Bucureti.
xxx Geografia Romniei, III, Carpaii romneti i Depresiunea Transilvaniei, 1987,Ed.

Acad., Bucureti
Marcela Balazs
39, 1 Decembrie Street, Deva, Hunedoara County
Romani a
e-mail: marcela_balazs@yahoo.com
51
I. Sargetia, Acta Mus. Dev., Ser. Sci. Nat. Voi. I (XXII) 20IO p. 53-62
NEW DATA ABOUT THE SPECIES CHELIS MACULOSA (GERNING, 1780) AND
GRAMMIA QUENSELI (PA YKULL, 1783) IN THE FAUNA OF J{OMANIA
(LEPIDOPTERA: ARCTIIDAE)
LEVENTE SZI~:KELY
Summary:
New data about the species Chelis maculosa (GERNING, 1780) and <;mmmia
quenseli (PA YKULL, 1783) in the fauna of Romania (Lepidoptera: Arctiidat)
The autor states that in Roman ia there exist two well-defined subspccics ol' <'lil'ii.1
maculasa (GERNING, 1780): the ssp. maculasa (GERNING, 1780), that s widcsprcad in I hl'
western pari (Transylvania and Banal) and the ssp. 111a1111erheimii (DUPONCHEL, I Xl(1) I hal i~
presen I n the eastern part of the country (Moldova, N-Muntenia and Doubroudja. <;rn111111i11
quenseli (PAYKULL, 1793) is recorded for the first time n the Eastern Carpathians.
Key words: Chelis macu/asa (GERNING, 1780), Grammia quenseli (PAYKULL, 17 1>.l ).
Romani a
Rezumat:
Nouti despre speciile Chelis maculosa (Geming, 1780) i Grammia qm11.1t'/i
(PA YKULL, 1793) n fauna Romniei, (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)
Autorul afirm c n Romnia exist dou subspecii ale speciei Chelis marnlosa
(GERNING, 1780): ssp. macu/asa (GERNING, 1780), rspndit n partea vestic (Transilvania
i Banat) i ssp. mannerheimii (DUPONCHEL, 1836) care este prezent n partea estic a rii
(Moldova, N-Muntenia i Dobrogea). Grammia quenseli (PAYKULL, 1783) este semnalat
pentru prima dat n Carpaii Orientali.
Cuvinte cheie: Chelis macu/asa (GERNING, 1780), Grammia quenseli (PAYKULL,

1793), Romnia
Introduction
Chelis maculosa mannerheimii was described by Duponchel as found in the

Kazahstan steppes in 1836. For a certain period was considered a distinct species, and in the
dcscription enlisting-records of that time was recorded under the name Chelis mannerhei111ii
(SPULER 1910).
53
In the Macro-Lepidoptera List of Romania from 1987, POPESCU-GORJ considered
that all Chelis maculosa from Romania pertain to the subspecies mannerheimii (POPESCU-
GORJ 1987). They are included similarly in the new Lepidoptera List of Romania (RKOSY,
GOIA & KovAcs 2003). By comparison of the materials from different regions of Romania, it
can be concluded, that in the fauna of Romania both Chelis maculosa maculosa (GERNING,
1780) and Chelis maculosa mannerheimii (DUPONCHEL, 1836) are present. The first species is
widespread throughout Transylvania and Banat, and the second in the East of the country, in
Moldavia, the Sub-Carpathians areas of Muntenia and in Dobroudja (Fig. 2). The differences
between the two subspecies are highlighted in Table 1 and Image 1 and 4.
Gramia quenseli has been known only from Bucegi Mountains m the whole
Carpathian-Chain up to the present.
Results and discussions
Chelis maculosa (GERNING, 1780)

Material: great number of individuals originated from different regions of Romania.
Being considered a spectacular species and with a great variety of spots-outlines and
colour, a lot of subspecies had been described in time, that were based only on some local
forms and individual varieties, such as: monacensis OSTHELDER, 1933; aragonensis
STAUDINGER, 1894; centralhispaica DANIEL, 1935; serratica AGENJO, 1937; aumayri HUBER
& STENGEL, 1989; honesta TAUSCHER, 1806; latina TURATI, 1909; slivonensis REBEL, 1903;
marsicana DANNEHL, 1929; boursini DANIEL, 1935; arlanzona AGENJO, 1937; nordiherica
AGENJO, 1937; sultana SCHWINGENSCHUSS, 1937 and schwingenschussi DANIEL, 1961. The
most of these subspecies were synonymized, two subspecies were preserved that are
differentiated more precisely, Chelis maculosa maculosa and Chelis maculosa mannerheimii.
Both are present in the fauna of Romania, the first species in the West of the country
and the second in the East of the country.
The two subspecies differ slightly m point of their exterior appearance. The labei
comprises the externai morphological characters, the flight periods, habitat types, the general
spread and their spread in Romania. There are of course forms that seem intermediary ones
between the two subspecies due to the high individual variety within this species.
54
Table 1. Chelis maculosa maculosa Chelis macu/osa mannerheimii
(GERNING, 1780) ( Dlll'ONCI IEL, 1836)
Typ. Locality: [Germany]: Frankfurt am Main [Kazahstan]: Kirghiscn stcppe.
(DE FREINA & WITI, 1987)
the head: - brownish - grayish - yellow - oclue (yellowish)
the thorax: - brownish - with a matt dark brown - yellowish - with a light hrown spot
spot
- straw-yellow, ocine
the front wings: -brownish - more outlined hlack spots
-less outlined black spots - black marginal spots or l'Xtl'l"llal
-black marginal spots of externai edge present (MURZIN, '.?.00.~)
edge missing (MURZIN, 2003)
rear wings:
- more light red - more scarlet red
flight period:
- V-VI i VII-VIII - IV-V, VII-VIII and X
- in two generations - in three generations
habitat types: - limestone areas from the hilly and - limestone areas under strnng ~1111~hinl',
submountaineous regions forested areas of the steppe, stl'ppl's aud
in semidesert areas, on sands
general - Spain, France, Southem Germany, - Eastern Romania, Ukraine, SW.

distribution: Austria, Hungary, W-Romania, Russia, Lower Don, Volga region, in thc
Southern Poland, Czech Republic, North up to the estuary of KamaRivn.
Slovakia, Bulgaria, Macedonia, The southern Ural, N. Kazakhstan.
Greece, SW.Siberia, China (Xinjian)
European Turkey
distribution in Transilvania:Cluj, - Dobroudja: Hagieni, Albesti, Histria

Roman ia FanateleClujului,Turda, Cheile Mangalia,VamaVeche, Canaraua fetii.
Turzii, Bile Turzii, CheileTurului, Lipnita, Baneasa, Ion Corvin, Esechioi,
Rimetea, Piatra Secuiului, Iernut, Plopu, Sarinasuf, Babadag, Macin.
Lechinta, Cheile Trascului, Ludu, -Muntenia: the Subcarpathian area or
Trgu-Mure, Viisoara, Suatu, Buzu
-Satu Mare:Tasnad Moldavia: Tecuci, Drgneti,
- Crisana? Grboa vele-Galai,
-Banat: Bile Herculane
55
Fig. 1.- A (Chelis maculosa maculosa -bl ack marginal spots of externai edge mi ss in g) and B (Chelis maculosa
m.annerheimii- black marginal spots of externai edge present) - after (MURZIN 2003).
Q.Ql
i
Fig. 2. Spreading in Romania ; Chelis maculosa maculosa -

and Chelis maculosa mannerheimii - o
Grammia quenseli (PA YKULL, 1793)
Material: Ciuca Mountains, Gropoarele Peak, 1850 m, 10 .VI. 2007 (l o )

A new species as for as the Oriental Carpathians are concemed, the Ciuca Mountains
represents the second mountain massif from where this species is known (Fig.3).
The presence of this Arctic-Alpine species in the Carpathians has been known since
100 years, the only recorded location in the whole Carpathians-Chain are the Bucegi
Mountains , at 1800-2500 m altitude (ABAFI-AIGNER 1907; POPESCU-GORJ 1964; K6NIG 1975;
DINC 2005).
Spreading: The Alps (France, Switzerland, Austria), The Carpathians (in Romania) ,
Scandinavia (Lappmark, Laponia) Russia (Kola Peninsula, polar Ural, Altai, Tuva, East
56
Sayan, Transbaikal, Amur, Yakutia, Magadan, Vranghcl lsland, Karnceatka), North-
Mongolia, Kazahstan (Saur), Japan (Hokkaido: Mountain Daysed1.u), the polar regions and
the mountains of North-America from Labrador through thc North-Western Territories and
Yukon to Alaska.
This species is considered a very rare one in Romania. It has heen rnllectcd as isolated
individuals in the Bucegi Massif from the following sites: Babele, Caraiman, Petera,
Ialomiei Valley (POPESCU-GORJ 1964; KONIG 1975) especially during t he period bcfore
1960, when the alpine-subalpine area in the Bucegi Mountains had not heen degraded so hard
because of the abusive pasturing and of the uncontrolled tourism.
From 1970, as a consequence of the building cable car facilities, this 111ountai11 massif
bas been invaded by mass tourism, and the Lepidotera fauna of thc arl'a has sufkred
irreversible alterations, many species became very rare ones. Gra111111ia <111111st'/i was
identified after 2 emergent individuals, one individual was collected by the entornologist M.
BRTEANU at Babele in 1980 (this individual was taken by the rnllLLtor whL'll
cmigrating in Germany and it cannot be found in the collection left behind i11 Ro111a11 ia) a11d
the second individual was collected by L. SZEKELY also at Babele in 1984.
After the year 2000, the situation of this species has already been considerl'd a nit ic al
one (RKOSY, GOIA, KOVCS 2003) but it has been found again by V. DINCA al ( 'ota 200()
(Altitude 2000 m) in Bucegi Mountains on July 10, 2004 (DINCA 2005), a11d a11otlin
individual was found in Bucegi, too, by L. PEREGOVITS from Hungary in 200(1. (I ..
PEREGOVITS, pers. corn.).

The scarcity of this species is explainable through its biology. Almost every individual
collected in Romania were found in grass, because this butterfly rarely flies, as a matter of
fact, it flies away only when disturbed. We don 't know yet at what time of the day takes ofl
this month for mating, but for sure it is not a night species, for it has never been collcctcd at
artificial light or in light-traps placed within its habitat.
Some other night species are known from the alpine-subalpine area of the Bucegi
Mountains that fly only during the day, such as Xestia ochreago (HOBNER, 1809), Parase111ia
plantaginis (LINNAEUS, 1758) and Lasiocampa quercus (LINNAEUS, 1758) (females includcd).
Probably the species could be found more easily in mature larva stage at the beginning of
May after the snow melts, as in The Alps. This method should be tried on, becausc thc grass
is short in this period of the year and the mature larvae are looking for thcir place to turn
into pupa.
57
Conclusions
Chelis maculosa 1s present m 2 distinct subspecies m Romania the subspecies
maculosa that is spread in the western part (Transylvania and Banat) and the subspecies
mannerheiniii that is present in the eastern part of the country: Moldavia, Northern-Muntenia,
and Dobrogea).
Grammia quenseli is signalled for the first time in the Eastern Carpathians (Ciuca
Mountains).
Protection and threats
Chelis maculosa is not an endangered species in Romania. At least in Dobrogea, it is
present in all steppe areas. It is highly probable that there are a great number of undiscovered
populations.
Grammia quenseli is a protected species in Romania (Habitat Directive, Annex 3B)
(RKOSY 2005).
The populations are found within the protection areas (national parks and reserves).
Unfortunatelly, even nowadays, we can see sheep herds in these protected areas. Probably it
will take long until environment protection laws will be observed in Romania.
References
ABAFI-AIGNER L. 1907. Magyarorszag lepkei, K. M. Termeszettudomanyi Tarsulat,
Budapest.
DINC V. 2005. New data regarding severa! lepidoptera species little known in Romania.
Studia Universitatis Babe-Bolyai ", Biologia, L.1: 11-16, Cluj-Napoca.
FREINA de J. J .& T. J. WITT. 1987. Die Bombyces und Sphinges der Westpalearktis (Insecta,
Lepidoptera). Ed. Forschung & Wissenschaft. Munchen.
KNIG F. 1975. Catalogul coleciei de lepidoptere a Muzeului Banatului, Muz. Banatului,
Timioara.
MURZIN V. 2003. The Tiger Moths of the former Soviet-Union (Insecta: Lepidoptera:
Arctiidae) Pensoft, Sofia-Moscow, 243 p.
POPESCU-GORJ A. 1964. Catalogue de la colection de lepidopteres "Prof. A. Ostrogovich" du
Museum d'Histoire NaturelleGrigore Antipa" Bucarest. Ed. Mus. Grigore Antipa"
Bucarest.
58
POPESCU-GORJ A. 1987. La liste systematique revisee des especes de Macrolepidopteres
mentionnees dans la faune de Roumanie. Mise a jour de classification ct nomenclature.
Trav. Mus. Hist. Nat. Grigore Antipa'', Bucarest, 29: 69-123.
RKOSY L. 2005. U.E. i legislaia pentru protecia lepidopterelor din Romnia. Bui. inf
Entomol., Cluj-Napoca, 16 (3-4): 89-96.
RKOSY L., GOIA M. & Z. KovAcs, 2003. Catalogul Lepidopterelor Ro111f111ici - Ycrzeichnis
der Schmetterlinge Rumniens. Soc. Lepid. Rom., Cluj-Napoca, 446 pp.
SPULER A. 1910. Die Schmetterlinge Europas. Nagel & Sproesser. Stuttgart.
S1.l-kl'ly LL'VL'nlc
Str.Viitorului Nr.11. Bl.11 Sr. B Ap.9
Scele, Brasov, Ro111ania
E-mail: le vi .szl'kl' Iy (lll g111ai I.rom
59
Fig.3. Romania, Ciuca Mountains,Gropoarele Peak, 1850 m,
Habitat for Grammia quenseli in Eastem Capathians. (Foto. L. Szekely)
~ '!-.
,_ .........
- .
Fig.4. - 1. Chelis maculosa mannerheimii-o -RO ., Tulcea County,Sarinasuf-Plopu, 27.VIII.2009.

2 .Chelis maculosa mannerheimii-o -RO ., Tulcea Conty,Sarinasuf-Plopu, 27.VIII.2009.
3. Chelis maculosa mannerheimii-o - RO., Constana County,Cetatea Histria, 29.VIII.2009.
4. Chelis maculosa maculosa-o -RO. , Mure County,Ludu, 30.V.1981.
5. Chelis maculosa maculosa-o -RO. , Alba County,Trascu Mts., 20.VII.2007 (ex.larva).
6. Grammia quenseli-o- RO ., Ciuca Mts., Gropoarele, 1850 m,10.VI.2007.
61
[ Sargetia, Acta Mus. Dev., Ser. Sci. Nat. Voi. I (XXII) 2010 p. 63-90
LEPIDOPTERA SPECIES RECORDED FROM THE NORTH-OLTENIA (GORJ

COUNTY, ROMANIA) (INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA)
Summary:
Lepidoptera species recorded from the North-Oltenia (Gorj County, l<omania)
Betwcen July, 7-12 and Octobcr, 20-25, 2006, the author undcrlook la1111i,l 1l;d
rcsearches at severa! locations in Gorj County (North-Oltenia, Romania) an arca whirh 1~ l111k
known from lepidoptcrological point of view. The identificd material compriscs ,11 I ~IH'l"ll'~
(Macro and Microlepidoptera) of wich 186 are mentioned for the first time from lhis arl'a.
Thcre arc reported severa! spccics which bear a great faunistica! and zoogLoraphll;d
valuc such as: Limenitis reduela STAUDINGER, 1901, Pieris ba/cana LORKOVI<'. l'flO,
Thaumetopoea pityocampa (I DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER], 1775) (the third iot al i1111 III
Romania), Polymixis rufocincta (GEYER, 1828), Meganephria bimarnlosa (LINNALl 1s. 11<1"/ I
and Gnopharmia stevenaria (BOISDUVAL, 1840).
Key words: Lepidoptera, Faunistic, Gmj County, North-Oltenia, Romania
Rezumat:
Specii de lepidoptere semnalate din nordul Olteniei (judeul Gorj, Romnia)
ntre 7-12 iulie i 20-25 octombrie 2006 autorul a efectuat cercetri lepidoptcrologicc 11
cteva localiti din judeul Gorj (Nordul Olteniei, Romnia), o zon mai puin cunosculi\ di11
punct de vedere lepidoptcrologic. Materialul cuprinde 414 specii (Macro i Microlcpidoptcra)
din care 186 sunt menionate pentru prima dat din aceast zon.
Sunt semnalate cteva specii cu o mare valoare faunistic i zoogeografic: Lime11i1i.1
reducta STAUDINGER, 1901, Pieris ba/cana LORKOVIC, 1970, Thaumetopoea pityocampa
([DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER], 1775) (a treia staiune n Romnia), Polymixis rufocincta
(GEYER, 1828), Meganephria bimaculosa (LINNAEUS, 1767) i Gnopharmia stevenaria
(BOISDUVAL, 1840).
Cuvinte cheie: Lepidoptera, faunistic, Judeul Gorj, nordul Olteniei, Romnia
Introduction
This work presents the results of the research work done at the special requcst of thc
Forest Landscaping Research and Management Institute/I.C.A.S Bucharcst. Thc rcscarch
work pertains to a large research program focused on the flora and fauna of thc potrnt ial
63
" N:11ural Park of Northern Gorj", a particularly picturesque area at the meeting fringe of
S( ut.h rn Carpathians with the Getic Plateau that comes forth in the Lepidoptera fauna, too.
It is a transitional area from the mountain fauna to that of the plains, where among the
mountain and submountain species characteristics to the Carpathians, there are southern,
Balkanian species, that reach to the northem limit of their areal in Romania.
The potential "Natural Park" comprises the whole northem territory of Gorj County
and some southern areas of Vlcan and Parng Mountains and the northern part of the Getic
Subcarpathians. It stretches from Motrului Valley (West) and the Olteului Valley (East) ,
more specifically between Tismana (the western limit of the research work) and Polovragi
(the eastern limit of the research work) (Fig. 1).
The main attractions of this area are the numerous limestone gorges and canyons
formed along the rivers which run down from the Southern Carpathians to the plain (The
Gorges and Canyons of Bistria, Sohodol , Jie, Galbena, Olte) the famous monasteries of this
area with the two most outstanding ones Tismana and Polovragi, as well as the caves (Muierii
Cave and Polovragi Cave).
Fig. I. Placement of the North Oltenia" area (Romania)
Material and methods

More than 90% of the faunistic list (presented further on) is the results of the two
collecting trips in several sites from the northern part of Gorj County, carried out in the
summer (7th -12 1h of July) and in the auturnn (20th -25 1h of October). The butterflies have been
64
collected with the entomological net, of course in a greater numhcr of sites as the moths. At
collecting night species the most modern collecting techniques wcrc used. The luminous
screen with the 125 W-mercury-steam bulb and two light-traps of thc type Ento-Tech,
modified and supplied with accumulators made by "General Motors" and "Sunlight".
As a result of the collecting-work a list of 414 species signalcd in this arca has been
made up. The list contains as well some species signaled in the prcvious years (2004-2005) by
Engineer Stoiculescu Cristian D. Se and his collaborators, e.g. Calli1110/"fJ/w <111adripunctaria
(PODA, 1761) and another series, a great amount of them being protccted hy intcrnational
conventions (Bem Convention, Washington Convention, The F.F.H. Orc.Ier). recorded on the
I ist by the benevolence of Mrs. Chimisliu Cornelia Dr.Se. from Craiova. I do have to asccrtain
some of my reserves as concerned the species Maculinea nausithous (BER<iSTi\SSTl~R. 1779)
and Colias niyrmidone (ESPER, 1781 ). Although these have been recorded on thc faun ist ic li st
(o Circle). I have not included on the list Parnassius apollo (LINNAEUS, 17'.'iX) signalled al
Novaci (Gorj). Even if the individual exists in the Firu Collection at the Muscum of< >ltrnia in
Craiova, it cannot be originated from Novaci, as the site does nota biotope for JJ. <11101/0!
Results and discussion

The North of G01j County was studied in the past, too. There are many studies on the
Lepidoptera fauna, which have been published within 1960-1980 by B. BOBRNAC and I.
M. ST NOIU. There are although sporadic, insufficient data, there are some data ment ioned
from various collecting sites. Some extraordinary species have been signaled, e.g. /o/a11a iola.\
(0CHSENHEIMER, 1816) from Pociovalitea (Gorj County, possible doubtful record)!
However, the region is reach enough in species. Due to the 2006 collecting trips
11umerous southern species have been found, which were known in the past as charactcristic
to Dobrogea and Southem Banat (Orova, Bile Herculane), such as Limenitis reduela
STAUDINGER, 1901, Pieris ba/cana LORKOVIC, 1970, Brinthesia circe pann0111rn
I :1rnHSTORFER, 1911, Eilicrinia trinotata (METZNER, 1845), Gnopharmia stevenaria
(BOISDUVAL, 1840), Polymixis rufocincta (GEYER, 1828) or Thaumetopoea pityocampa
(I DENIS & SCHIFERMULLER], 1775) being signaled for the second time in the fauna of
Romania. This species do not penetrate within the mountain valleys (gorges, canyons) any
111ore where the sub-mountain species become dominant even at 300-400 m altitude. Their
prcsence becomes possible due to the specific microclimate conditions offered by thc stccp
lorcsted cliffs and by the mountain vegetation.
65
This is the place where numerous species typical to mountain area appear, such as
Apatura iris (LINNAEUS, 1758), Odontoptera bidentata (CLERK, 1759), Xanthorhoe
montanata ([DENIS & SCHIFERMULLER], 1775), Charissa pul/ata ([DENIS & SCHIFERMULLER],
1775), Elopos dilucidaria carpathica (SOFFNER, 1932), Thera variata ([DENIS &
SCHIFERMULLER], 1775), Autographa pu/chrina (HA WORTH, 1809), Eugraphe sigma ([DENIS
& SCHIFERMULLER], 1775), Xestia ashworthii cande/arum (STAUDINGER, 1871 ). The
dominant species are the Palia, Xestia, Autographa and Gnophos.
The interesting fact is that many species were encountered within the Polovragi
Cave, (The Gorge of Olteului River) on the cave ceiling and cave-walls: Xestia ashworthii
candelarum, Eugraphe sigma, Charissa pullata, numerous species of Palia, Autographa and
Gnophos. The cave is electrically lighted and the entrance is large enough (with gratings), it is
probable that the moths are attracted by the artificial light spread out from the cave.
We mention some of the important species:
NYMPHALIDAE
Limenitis reducta ST AUDINGER, 1901
This species is known mostly from the South-Western part of Romania (Banat). It is
probably that it existed in Dobrogea some time ago (MANN 1866). The older records originale
from the Subcarpathian territories of Muntenia and Oltenia, too, being signaled at Nucet
(Dmbovia) and Rmnicu-Vlcea (POPESCU-GORJ 1960) and even from mountain areas of
Azuga (POPESCU-GORJ 1964 ).
PIERIDAE
Pieris balcana LORKOVIC, 1970
lt seems that P. ba/cana is a more widely spread as it has been believed up till now,
they were found in manysites in this area. Its spread-area in Remania includes the southern
half of the country, Banat, Oltenia, Muntenia and Doubroudja.
NOTODONTIDAE
Thaumatopoea pityocampa ([DENIS & SCHIFERMULLER], 1775)
The first record from Romania is originated from Jimbolia (Timi County), in July
1926 (SZEKELY 1999). Based on the old records the species was wrongly included in the
fauna of Romania as Thaumatopoea pinivora (TREITSCHKE 1834 ). T. pityocampa has been
66
signaled lately from Dobrogea too by RKOSY, GOIA & KOVACS (2003.) This species 1s
widely spread in Southem Europe, Near East and Northem Africa. ln Europe is known from
England (occasionally), Spain, France, South-Westem Germany, Austria, thc South of Alps,
Italy, Sicily, Corsica and the Balkan Peninsula. Its flight season is May-August. The host
plant is Pinus, especially the pine plantations (ROUGEOT & VIETTE 1978 ).
NOCTUIDAE
Polymixis rufocincta (GEYER, 1828)
A species wich has been localized well enough in Romania, known only rrom some
sites m Dobrogea (Hagieni, Canaraua Fetii), in Banat (Iablania), Hunedoara (S:kf1rf1111b)
( RKOSY 1996).
n Transilvania it has been signaled from Piatra Secuiului (Trascf1ului Mountains)
and from ureanului Mountains (BURNAZ SILVIA 2008).
GEOMETRIDAE
Gnopharmia stevenaria (BOISDUV AL, 1840)
Known only from the South and the East of Romania (the Extra-Carpathian arcas),
from Banat (Orova, Bile Herculane), Moldova (Iai, Tecuci, Hanul Conachi), Muntenia
(Amara, Slobozia, Branesti). It is a common species in Dobrogea andin the Danube Delta.
Other remarcable species are Scalitantides arian /ariana FRUHSTORFER, 191 O, Ntplis
li\'las (LINNAEUS, 1758), Brenthis daphne ([DENIS & SCHIFERMULLER], 1775), Lo11i11g<1
{/('hine (SCOPOLI, 1763), Eilicrinia trinatata (METZNER, 1845), Meganephria himarnlo.rn
(I JNNAEUS, 1767), Dichania canvergens ([DENIS & SCHIFERMULLER], 1775), Coscinia
aibraria pannanica DANIEL, 1955 and Dysauxes ancilla (LINNAEUS, 1767).
I am grateful to Mr. Engineer Stoiculescu Cristian Dr. Se. by his authority at the
I :orest Landscaping Research and Management Institute/l.C.A.S Bucharest and the game
llunting-technician Scurtu Marius (Rnov, Braov County).
Protected species:
I< DBEB=Red Data Book of European Butterflies;

I ID=Habitat Directive.
I Pamassius mnemosyne distincta BRYK-EISNER, 1930 - after other author - HD, Anncx
IA,4A; Bem Convention, Annex 2.
67
2-Colias myrmidone (ESPER,1780) -? - after other author -HD, Annex 2,3A,4A; RDBEB.
3-Lycaena dispar rutila (WERNEBURG,1864) -HD, Annex 2,3A, 4A; RDBEB.
4-Scoliantides orion !ariana FRUHSTORFER, 1910- RDBEB "
5-Maculinea nausithous. (BERGSTRSSER, 1779)-? - after other author- HD, Annex 2,4A; Bem
Convention, Annex 2; RDBEB.
6-Maculinea arian (LINNAEUS, 1758)-? -after other author- HD, Annex 2,3A,4A; Bem
Convention, Annex 2; RDBEB .
7-Neptis hylas (LINNAEUS, 1758) -HD, Annex 3B,4B.
8-Lopinga achine (SCOPOLI, 1763) - HD, Annex 3A,4A; Bem Convention, Annex 2; RDBEB
9- Erebia medusa ([DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER] ,1775) - RDBEB
10-Euplagia guadripunctaria (PODA,1761) - after other author- HD, Annex 2; Bem
Convention, Annex 2.
Fig. 2. 1 - Limenitis reduela , 2 - Gnopharmia stevenaria, 3 - Thaum etopoea pityocampa,

4 - Polymixis rufocincta, 5 - Meganephria bimaculosa
68
Systematic Part
Abbreviations:
Ti. = Tismana = species signaled (recorded) by the author
Bi. =Cheile Bistritei 0
= species signaled (recorded) by other authors
Pc. = Petiani (Chimiliu, Stoiculescu ele.)
So. =Cheile Sohodolului VC = very common (over 30 individuals I day/night)

No.= Novaci C = common species (between 10-30 individuals/day/night)
Ga. = Cheile Galbenei R = rare species (under I O individuals/day/night)
Bf. =Baia de Fier
Ol. =Cheile Olteului
Po. = Polovragi
Nr.1'.~I-, ,,,. ... ':1~1'.~~~il~~~;fT! 0JJ'..~)Ji;1,;; ;,:t~l~~~~~~~ ~R.#L; , Bf Ol. 'Po Obs
LASIOCAMPIDAE
Malacosoma neustria
I
(Linnaeus, 1758) o vc.
Lasiocampa quercus
2
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
Macrothylacia rubi
3
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
Odonestis pruni
4
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
SPHINGIDAE
Mimas tiliae
5
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
Smerinthus ocellata
6
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
Laothoe populi
7
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
Agrius convolvuli
8
(Linnaeus, 1758) o R.
Hyloicus pinastri
9
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
Macroglossum stellatarum
IO
(Linnaeus, 1758) C.
Hyles euphorbiae
11
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
Deilephila porcellus
12 vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
HESPERIIDAE
El)nnis tages
13
(Linnaeus, 1758) vc.
Pyrgus malvae
14
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
Carterocephalus palaemon
15
(Pall as, 1771)
o o o o -
Thymelicus Lineola
1<1
(Oschseheimer, 1808) C.
69
Thynzelicus sylvestris
17
(Rottemburg, 1775) R.
Hesperia comma
18
(Linnaeus, 1758)
o o o R.
Ochlodes sylvanus
19
(Esper, 1777) o c.
PAPILIONIDAE
Parnassius mnenwsyne
20 distincta o o -
Bryk-Eisner, 1930
lphiclides podalirius
21
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
Papilio nzachaon
22
(Linnaeus, 1758) C.
PIERIDAE
Leptidea sinapis
23
Pieris brassicae
24
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
Pieris rapae
25 vc.
(Linnacus, 1758)
Pieris napi
26 vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Pieris balcana
27
Lorkovic, 1970 c.
Pontia edusa
28 o vc.
(Fabricius, 1777)
Colias croceus
29
(Fourcroy, 1785) vc.
Colias mynnidone
30 o -
(Esper, 1780) -?
Colias hyale
31
(Linnaeus, 1758) C.
Colias alfacariensis
32
Ribbe, 1909 R.
Gonepteryx rhanzni
33
LYCAENIDAE
Hamearis lucina
34
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
35
Lycaena phlaeas c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
36
Lycaena dispar rutila c.
(W erneburg, 1864)
37
Lycaena virgaureae R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
38
Lycaena tityrus vc.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
39
Neozephus quercus c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
70
Satyriwn spuu
40 ([Denis & o -
SchiffermUller], 1775)
41
Everes argiades R.
(Pall as, 1771)
42
Celastrina argiolus c.
(Linnacus, 1758)
43
Scoliantides orion !ariana R.
Fruhstorfer, 191 O
Maculinea arian
44 o o o -
(Linnaeus, 1758)-?
Maculinea nausithous
45 o -
(Bcrgstrsser, 1779)-?
46
Plebeius argus
vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
--
47
Plebeius argyrognomon
c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
- ---
Aricia agestis
48 ([Denis & c.
---------- - -
Polionunatus semiargus
49 o -
(Rottemburg, 1775)
--
50
Polio111111atus icarus VC.
(Roltemburg, 1775) ---
Poliommatus bellargus
'ii
(Rottemburg, 1775) R.
- -- - -- ----
NYMPHALIDAE
- - -----
52
Argynnis paphia ('
(Linnaeus, 1758)
---- --
53
Argynnis aglaja C'.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
--
Argynnis adippe
54 ([Denis & VC.
--
55
lssoria lathonia c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
--
Brenthis daphne
5(1 ([Denis & R.
Boloria selene
57 ([Denis & vc.
58
Vanessa atalanta vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
59
Vanessa cardui R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
(1()
lnachis io R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
<d
Aglais urticae c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
-
71
Polygonia c-album
62 (Linnaeus, 1758) c.
63
Arase/mia levana o o o vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
64
Nymphalis antiopa R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
65
Nymphalis polychloros
c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Melitaea trivia
66 ([Denis & c.
Schiffermi.iller], 1775)
67
Melitaea didyma vc.
(Esper, 1777)
68
Limenitis camilla o VC..
(Linnaeus, 1758)
69
Limenitis reducta R
Staudinger, 190 I
70
Neptis hylas o o vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
71
Neptis rivularis vc.
(Scopoli, 1763)
Apatura ilia
72 ([Denis & c.
Schiffcrmi.iller], 1775)
73
Apatura iris o c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
74
Pararge aegeria tircis vc.
(Butlcr, 1867)
75
lasiommata megera c.
(Linnacus, 1767)
76
lasiommata maera c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
77
Lopinga achine c.
(Scopoli, 1763)
78
Coenonympha pamphilius vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
79
Aphantopus hyperanthus vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
80
Maniola jurtina c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
81
Erebia aethiops c.
(Esper, 1777)
Erebia medusa
82 ([Denis & c.
83
Melanargia galathea vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
84
Mynois dl)'as c.
(Scopoli, 1763)
72
Brintesia circe pannonica
85
Fruhslorfer, 1911 o -
DREPANIDAE
86
Thyatira batis c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
87
Habrosyne pyritoides c.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
88
Watsonalla binaria c.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
89
Watsonalla cultraria R.
(Fabricius, 1775)
90
Drepana falcataria R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
----
91
Cilix glaucata vc.
(Scopoli, 1763) ... -----
GEOMETRIDAE . __ _ -
92
Calospylos sylvata "~
(Scopoli, 1763)
-
93
Angerona prunaria c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
-
94
Lomaspilis marginala c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
--
Ligdia adustata
95 ([Denis & c.
Schi ffermi.iller), 1775)
-
96
Macaria notata R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
-- -
Macaria liturata
97
(Clerck, 1752) ("
-
Tephrina arenacearia
98 ([Denis & c.
--- ----
Neognopharmia stevenaria
99
(Boisduval, 1840) R.
------
Cepphis advenaria
100
(Hi.ibner, 1790) I1~
-
Plagodis pulveraria
101
(Linnaeus, 1758) C.
102
Plagodis dolabraria c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
103
Opistographtis luteolata R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
104
Pseudopanthera macularia vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
105
Eilicrinia trinotata R.
(Metzner, 1845)
106
Ennomos quercinaria c.
(Hi.ibner, 1790)
107
Ennomos fuscantaria C.
(Slephens, 1809)
-
73
Odontoptera bidentata
108
(Clerck, 1759) R.
109
Crocallis elinguaria R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Colotois pennaria
110 (Linnaeus, 1758) vc.
111
Biston betularia c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Erannis defoliaria
112 ([Denis & R.
Schiffermiillcr], 1775)
Peribatodes rhomboidaria
113 ([Denis & c.
114
Alcis repandata c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Hypomecis roboraria
115 ([Denis & vc.
Schiffermiiller], 1775)
Ascotis selenaria
116 ([Denis & vc.
Ectropis crepuscularia
117 ([Denis & vc.
118
Parectopis simi/aria c.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
119
Ematurga atomaria vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
120
Cabera pusaria R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
121
Cabera exanthemata R.
(Scopoli, 1763)
Lomographa temerara
122 ([Denis & R.
123
Campaea margaritata
c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
124
Hylaea fasciaria R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Puengeleria capreolaria
125 ([Denis & R.
126
Charissa ambiguata R.
(Duponchel, 1830)
Charissa pullata
([Denis & Schiffermiiller],
127
1775) vc.
74
Elophos dilucidaria
128 carpathica R.
(Soffner, 1932)
129
Siona lineata
vc.
(Scopoli, 1763)
130
Geometra papilioniaria I c3'
(Linnaeus, 1758)
131
Hemithaea aestivaria c.
(HUbner, 1790)
132
Thalera fimbrialis R.
(Scopoli, 1763)
-- --
133
Jodis lactearia R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
134
Cyclophora albipunctata R.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
' . - -
135
Cyclophora suppunctaria R.
(Zeller, 1847)
--- - --
136
Cyclophora linearia c.
(HUbner, 1790)
----
137
Timandra comae C.
Schmidt, 1930
----
138
Scopu/a floslactata R.
(Haworth, 1809)
----
ldaea muricata
139
(Hufnagel, 1766) I~ .
----
ldaea biselata
140
(Hufnagel, 1766) R.
-- ----
141
ldaea dilutaria <'.
(HUbner, 1790) .. ---
142
ldaea emarginata <'.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
----
143
ldaea aversata vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
-
Scotoptel}'X bipunctaria
144 ([Denis & R.
145
Scotoptel}'X moeniata R.
(Scopoli, 1763)
146
Scotoptel)x chenopodiata
c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Xanthorphoe quadrifasciata
147
(Clerck, 1759) c.
Xanthorphoe montanata
148 ([Denis & c.
SchiffermUller ], 1775)
Xanthorphoe fluctuata
149
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
Xanthorphoe incursata
I SO (HUbner, 1790) R.
75
Epirrhoe hastulata
151 (Htibner, 1790) R.
Epirrhoe molluginata
152
(Htibner, 1790) R.
Epirrhoe galiata
153 ([Denis & c.
Schiffermtiller], 1775)
Mesoleuca albicillata
154
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
Nebula salicata
155
(Hi.ibner, 1790) VC.
Eulithis prunata
156
(Linnaeus, 1758) l~
Eulithis pyraliata
157 ([Denis & vc.
Ecliptopera silaceata
158 ([Denis & R.
Ecliptopera capitata
159
(Herrich-Schffer, 1839)
1c3'
Chloroclysta siterata
160
(Hufnagel, 1766) c.
Ch/oroclysta citrata
161
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
162
Chloroclysta trunctata
c.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
163
Cidaria fu/vata c.
(Forster, 1771)
Thera variata
164 ([Denis & VC.
165
Thera britannica R.
(Turner, 1925)
166
Colostygia pectinataria R.
(Knoch, 1781)
167
Hydriomena furcata R.
(Thunberg, 1784)
Melanthria procellata
168 ([Denis & R.
Spargania luctuata
169 ([Denis & R.
170
Triphosa dubitata I c3'
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Euphyia scripturata
171 (Hi.ibner, 1790) R.
76
Epirrita dilutata
172 ([Denis & vc.
Schi ffermtiller], 1775)
173
Epirrita ch1)styi vc.
(Allen, 1906)
Perizama a/bulata
174 ([Denis & R.
..
175
Chloroclystis v-ata
c.
(Haworth, 1809)
176
Anticollix sparsata R.
Treitschke, 1828
177
Aplocera praeformata c.
(Htibner, 1790)
.. -
Lithostege griseata
178 ([Denis & c.
Schi ffermtiller], 1775)
- -
179
Lithostege farinata c.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
-
180
Hydrelia flammeolaria c.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
- --
Trichopteryx carpinata
181 o -
(Borkhausen, 1794)
NOTODONTIDAE
Thaumatopoea pityocampa
182 ([Denis & Schiffermtillcr], Ir~
1775)
---
Clostera curtula
183
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
-- -
Clostera pygra
184
(Hufnagel, 1766) R.
Clostera anachoreta
185 ([Denis & R.
186
Notodonta dromedarius R.
(Linnaeus, 1767)
187
Notodonta ziczac
I C.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
188
Dl)'nwnia obliterata vc.
(Esper, 1785)
189
Pheosia tremula vc.
(Clerck, 1759)
190
Pheosia gnoma R.
(Fabricius, 1777)
Ptilophora plumigera
191 ([Denis & Schiffermtiller], c.
1775)
Ptilodon cucu/lina
192 ([Denis & Schiffermtiller], c.
1775
77
I 'I '
l'li1il11t1 /111cephala R.
li lllll;tl'llS.1758)
11.1
S111111111ms fagi R.
(I .i1111acus, 1758)
.\it11alia argentina
111'1 <I Denis & Schiffcrmiillcr], c.
1775)
NOCTUIDAE
I1)(1
Acronicta alni R.
( Linnaeus, 1758)
l'l7
Acronicta leporina R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Acronicta megacephala
l'JX ([Denis & Schiffermiiller], R.
1775)
199
Acronicta rumicis c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Craniophora ligustri
200 ([Denis & Schiffermiiller], c.
1775)
201
Paracolax tristalis c.
(Fabricius, 1777)
202
Herminia tarsicrinalis o c.
(Knoch, 1782)
Herminia grisealis
203 ([Denis & Schiffermiiller], o c.
1775)
204
Polypogon tentacularia R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
205
Zn11clog1wtha lunalis R.
(Scopoli, 1763)
206
Catoca/a sponsa R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
207
Catocala elocata
R.
(Esper, 1788)
208
Catocala promissa R.
([Den.& Schiff.], 1775)
Minucia lunaris
209 ([Denis & Schiffermiiller], R.
1775)
2IO
Lygephila viciae vc.
(Hiibner, 1822)
211
Aedia funesta c.
(Esper, 1788)
Cal/istege mi
212
(Clerck, 1759) c.
213
Scoliopte1)'X libatrix I s;?
(Linnaeus, 1758)
214
Hypena proboscidalis c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
78
215
Rivula sericealis vc.
(Scopoli, 1763)
216
Euchalcia variabilis R.
(Piller, 1783)
217
Diachl)'Sia chl)'Sitis
c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
---
218
Macdounnoughia confusa R.
(Stephens, 1850)
----
219
Autographa gamma
c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
---
220
Autographa pulchrina c.
(Haworth, 1809)
221
Autographa jota R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
-
Autographa bractea
222 ([Denis & Schiffermiiller), R.
1775)
--
Abrostola asclepiadis
223 ([Denis & Schiffermiiller), vc.
1775)
-- --
Trisateles emortualis
224 ([Denis & Schiffermiiller), c.
1775)
-
Cucul/ia umbratica
225
(Linnaeus, 1758) Ir~
--
Asteroscopus sphinx
226
(Hufnagel, 1766) VC_
-
227
Meganephria brimaculosa 1. ~
(Linnaeus, 1758)
----
228
Allophyes oxyacanthae
vc_
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Amphipyra livida
229 ([Denis & Schiffermiiller), I '1'
1775)
210
Amphipyra pyramidea R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
------
211
Amphipyra tragopoginis R.
(Clerck, 1759)
232
Diloba caeroleocephala VC.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Heliothis viriplaca
233
(Hufnagel, 1766) c.
Heliothis peltigera
.?14 ([Denis & Schiffermiiller], c.
1775)
Pyrrhia umbra
2.~5 (Hufnagel, 1766) c.
).16
Elaphria venustu/a c_
(Hiibner, 1790)
79
! II
/ 111wlri11<1 clavipalpis
1
c.
( Srnpoli, 1763)
.' IK
Iln11lodrina octagenaria c.
(( loczc, 1781)
/ lnplodrina blanda
.' 11) (I Denis & Schiffermiiller], c.
1775)
lloplodrina ambigua
'10 ([Denis & Schiffermiiller], c.
1775)
241
Charanyca triganunica R.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
Dyptel)gia scabriuscula
242
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
243
Rusinaferruginea vc.
(Esper, 1785)
244
Trachea atriplicis vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
245
Euplexia lucipara o c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
246
Phlagaphara medicu/asa R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Phlagaphora scita
247
(Hiibner,l 790) I c3'
248
lpimarpha retusa R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
lpimarpha subtusa
1775)
250
Dycicla oa I~
(Linnaeus, 175 8)
251
Casmia trapezina c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
252
Apamea monaglypha c.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
Apamea lythaxylaea
1775)
254
Oligia strigilis vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
255
Oligia versicalor c.
(Borkhausen, 1792)
256
Mesapamea secalis R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
257
Hadula trifalii R.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
258
Palia bambycina vc.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
259
Palia nebulasa vc.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
80
260
lacanobia w-latinum c.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
lacanobia contigua
261 ([Denis & SchiffermUller], c.
1775)
262
lacanobia splendens 1c3'
HUbner, 1808)
263
Melanchra persicarie
c.
(Linnaeus, 1761)
264
Hada plebeja R.
(Linnaeus, 1761)
265
Mamestia brassicae R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
--~-~--
-
Hadena compta
266 ([Denis & SchiffermUller], R.
1775)
267
lasionycta proxima R.
(HUbner, 1809)
----
Mythimna conigera
268 ([Denis & SchiffermUller], C.
1775)
-
Mythimna albipuncta
1775)
-
270
Mythina I-album R.
(Linnaeus, 1767)
--
Leucania comma
271
(Linnaeus, 1761) R.
-- --
Orthosia gracilis
272 ([Denis & SchiffermUller], o
1775)
-
Orthosia munda
273 ([Denis & SchiffermUller], o -
1775)
Tiliacea aurago
1775)
275
Xanthia togata c.
(Esper, 1788)
Xanthia icteritia
276
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
Xanthia gilvago
1775)
278
Agrochola helvola c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
279
Agrochola Iota c.
(Clerck, 1759)
280
Agrochola macilenta R.
(HUbner, 1809)
81
281
Agrochola circellaris c.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
282
Ag roc ho la laevis c.
(HUbner, 1803)
283
Conistra vaccinii R.
(Linnaeus, 1761)
284
Conistra ligula R.
(Esper, 1791)
Conistra el)throcephala
1775)
286
Eupsilia transversa R.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
287
Dl)obotodes eremita
c.
(Fabricius, 1775)
288
Polymixis rufocincta I c3'
(Geyer, 1828)
Mniotype satura
289 ([Denis & Schiffermi.iller], R.
1775)
Ochropleura fiammatra
290 ([Denis & SchiffcrmUllcr], I c3'
1775)
291
Ochropleura plecta
R.
(Linnacus, 1761)
292
Diarsia mendica R.
(Fabricius, 1775)
Dichonia convergens I c3', I
293 ([Denis & Schiffermi.iller],
1775)
C?
Diarsia brunnea
1775)
Noctua pronuba
1775)
296
Noctua interposita R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
297
Noctua fimbriata R.
(Schreber, 1759)
Noctua janthina
1775)
299
Rhyacia simulans c.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
Spaelotis ravida
1775)
301
Xestia c-nigrum
c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
82
Xestia ditrapezium
302 ([Denis & Schiffermtiller], R.
1775)
303
Xestia triangulum R.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
Xestia aschworthii
304 candela rum FC.
(Staudinger, 1871)
Xestia baja
1775)
Eugraphe sigma
306 ([Denis & Schiffermi.iller], vc.
1775)
Anaplectoides prasina
307 ([Denis & Schiffermtiller], vc.
1775)
308
Agrotis ipsilon C'.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
309
Agrotis exclamationis c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
--
310
Agrotis clavis R.
(Hufnagel, 1766)
-
Agrotis segetum
31 l ([Denis & Schiffermtiller], R.
1775)
Agrotis cinerea
1775)
LYMANTRIIDAE
Lymantria monacha
313
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
Lymantria dispar
314
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
Euproctis similis
315
(Fuessly, 1775) c.
Leucoma salicis
316
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
Arctornis l-nigrum
317
(Mi.iller, 1764) vc.
NOLIDAE
Bena bicolorana
318
(Fuessly, 1775) R.
Pseudoips prasinana
319
ARCTIIDAE
Miltochrysta miniata
320
(Forster, 1771) vc.
Lithosia guadra
321
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
83
Eilema depressa
322
(Esper, 1787) R.
Eilema lurideola
323
(Zincker, 1817) c.
Eilema comp/ana
324
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
Eilema sororcula
325
(Hufnagel, 1766) vc.
Amata phegea
326
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
Dysauxes ancilla
327
(Linnaeus, 1767) R.
Coscinia cribraria pannonica

328
Daniel, 1955 R.
Phragmatobia fulig inosa

329
Spilosoma Iutea
330
(Forster, 1771) c.
Spilosoma lubricipeda
331
(Linnaeus, 1758) c.
Hyphantria cunea
332
(Drury, 1773) R.
Diacrisia sannio
333 (Linnaeus, 1758) R.
Arctia villica
334
(Linnacus, 1758)
o -
Euplagia guadripunctaria
335 o o o o -
(Poda, 1761)
ADELIDAE
336
Nemophora metallica c.
(Poda, 1761)
337
Nemophora pfeijferella R.
(Hiibner, 1813)
Cauchas fibule Ila
1775)
Nematopogon pilella
339 ([Denis & Schiffermiiller], lex.
1775)
INCURV ARIIDAE
/ncurvaria oehlmanniella
340
(Hiibner, 1796) R.
PSYCHIDAE
Epichnopteryx plumella
341 ([Denis & Schiffermiiller], 10'
1775)
YPONOMEUTIDAE
342
Yponomeuta evonymella
I c.
(Linnaeus, 1758) I I
84
343
Yponomeuta padella c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Yponomeuta plumbella
344 ([Denis & c.
DEPRESSARIDAE
Agnopteryx atomella
345 ([Denis & c.
346
Agnopteryx propinquella R.
(Treitschke, 1835)
OECOPHORIDAE
Hojfmannophila
347 pseudaspretella I ex .
(Stainton, 1849)
Oecophora bractella
348
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
LYMACODIDAE
349 Apoda limacodes 1 _- vc.
(Hufnagel, 1766) __ _
1--~--'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'---~~~~~~--''---~~~~-'-~~ ---~~~~
ZYGAENIDAE
!--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-.--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-~~~-<
Agrumenia ephialtes
350
(Linnaeus, 1767) c.
351
Agrumenia filipendulae
c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
COSSIDAE
Cossus cossus
352
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
TORTRICIDAE
353
Tortrix viridana VC.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
354
Aleimma loeflingiana C.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
355
Acleris forsskaleana R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Acleris variegana
356 ([Denis & Schiffermiiller], c.
1775)
Acleris rufana
357
(Haworth, [ 1811]) R.
Cochylimorpha straminea
358 lex.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
359
Agapeta hamana
2ex .
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Agapeta zaegana
360
(Linnaeus, 1767) 1 ex .
Eugnosta lathoniana
(Hiibner, [ 1800])
361 I ex.
85
Tortricodes alternei/a
362 ([Denis & lex.
Pandemis corylana
363
(Fabricius, 1794) R.
364
Pandemis cerasana c.
(Fabricius, 1794)
Pandemis heparana
365 ([Denis & c.
366
Clepsis rogana c.
(Guenee, 1845)
367
Adoxophies orana c.
(Fischer v. Rlerst, 1834)
368
Bactra lanceolana c.
(Hiibner, [ 1796-99])
369
Apotomis turbidana R.
(Hiibner, [1786])
370
Olethreutes arcuellus R.
(Clerck, 1759)
371
Celypha rufana
c.
(Scopoli, 1763)
Loxoterma lacunana
372 ([Denis & R.
Epinotia tedella
373
(Clerck, 1759) c.
Eucosma hohenwarthiana
374 ([Denis & lex .
375
Epiblemma foenellum c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
376
Notocelia uddmanniana vc.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
377
Cydia pomonella c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
378
Cydia fagiglandana vc.
(Zeller, [ 1841])
379
Dichrorampha petiverella !ex.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
PTEROPHORIDAE
Stenoptilia pterodactyla
380
(Linnaeus, 1761) c.
Hellinsia osteodactylus
381
(Zeller, 1841) c.
THYRIDIDAE
Thyris fenestrella
(Scopoli, 1763)
382 Ic)'
86
PYRALIDAE
383
Aphomia zelleri c.
Joannis, 1932
384
Achroia grisella R.
(Fabricius, 1794)
Synaphe moldavica
385 (Esper, 1794) c.
386
Pyralis regalis
R.
([Denis & Schiffermi.iller], 1775)
387
Pyralis farinalis R.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
- ------
Aglossa pinguinalis
388
(Linnaeus, 1758) 19
389
Herculia rubidalis
R.
([Denis & Schiffermi.iller], 1775)
390
Orthopygia glaucinalis
c.
(Linnaeus, 1758)
-
Endotrichia flanunealis
391
([Denis & Schiffermi.iller], 1775) c.
-
Elegia simi/el/a
392
(Zincken, 1818) ...
YC.
- ---
Pempeliella ornate/la
393
([Denis & Schiffermi.iller], 1775) R.
_
----
Selagya argyrella
394
([Denis & Schiffermi.iller], 1775) lcx .
~--
Etiella zinckenella
395
(Treitschke, 1832) R.
Oxybia transversel/a
396
(Duponchel, 1836) R.
Myelois circumvoluta
397 (Fourcroy, 1785) lcx .
Homaeosoma sinuella
398
(Fabricius, 1794) c.
Homaeosoma nebulella
399
([Denis & Schiffermi.iller], 1775) R.
Plodia interpunctella
400
(Hi.ibner, 1813) R.
Crambus perlella
401
(Scopoli, 1763) c.
Catoptria pernzutatella
402
(Heirrich-Schffer, 1848)
R.
Catoptria pinella
403
(Linnaeus, 1758) R.
Thysanotia chrysonuchella
404
(Scopoli, 1763) c.
Evergestis frumentalis
405
(Linnaeus, 1761) c.
Evergestis extimalis
406
(Scopoli, 1763) R.
87
Pyrausta falcatalis
407
Guenee, 1854 R.
Perinephe/a lancealis
408
([Denis & Schiffermi.iller], 1775) vc.
Phlyctaenia coronata
409
(Hufnagel, 1767) vc.
Ostrinia nubilalis
410
(Hi.ibner, 1796) c.
Eurrhypara hortulata
411
Agrotera nemoralis
412
(Scopoli, 1763) c.
Diasemia reticularis
413
(Linnaeus, 1761) R.
Nomophila noctuella
414
([Denis & Schi ffermi.iller], 1775) c.
References
BOBRNAC B., STNOIU I. & I. MATEI 1972. Contribuii la cunoaterea entomofaunei

Olteniei. Subcorn. Mon. Natur. Oltenia. Studii i cercetri, Craiova, 115-127.
BURNAZ SILVIA 2008. Macrolepidopterele din Munii ureanului, 328 p Deva.
POPESCU-GORJ A. 1960, Lepidopteres noveaux ou rares pour la faune de la Repuhlique
Populaire Roumaine. Travaux du Musee d'Histoire Naturelle Grigore Antipa'',
Bucharest, 2: 267-278.
POPESCU-GORJ A. 1964. Catalogue de la collection de Lepidopteres Prof A. Ostrogovich"
du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle Grigore Antipa". Ed. Mus. His. Nat. Gr. Antipa"
Bucarest.
RKOSY L. 1996, Die Noctuiden Rumniens, Ed Stapfia, Linz, 648 pp.
RKOSY L GOIA M. & Z. KOVCS. 2003. Catalogul Lepidopterelor Romniei. Ed. S.L.R.
Cluj-Napoca
ROUGEOT P.C. & P. VIETTE. 1978. Guide des Papillons Nocturnes d'Europe et d'Afrique du
Nord, Delachaux & Niestle, Neuchatel-Paris.
STNOIU I. M. & B. BOBRNAC. 1965. Contribuii la studiul lepidopterelor din Oltenia (I).
Soc. t. Nat. Georg. Corn. Zoologie, 3: 215-226.
STNOIU I. M. & B. BOBRNAC. 1967. Contribuii La studiul Lepidopterelor din Oltenia (ll).
Soc. St. Nat. Geogr. Corn Zoologie, 5: 95-103.
88
STNOIU I. M. & B. BOBRNAC. 1968. Noi contribuii asupra Macrolepidopterelor din
Oltenia (III). Bui. Univ. Craiova 10: 705-712.
STNOIU I. M. & B. BOBRNAC. 1973. Contribuii la cunoaterea lepidoplcn~f"aunei (Insecta)
din zona de nord a Olteniei. Studii i Cercetri, Subcom. Monumentelor Naturii.
Craiova 3: 233-238.
STNOIU I. M., BOBRNAC B. & S. COPCESCU. 1978. Noi date asupra 111<1<Tolcpidopterelor
din Oltenia (V). Studii i Cercetri, Soc. Ocrot. Nat. Gorj, Trgu-Jiu, 237-244.
SZEKELY L. 1999. Macrolepidoptere cu statut incert n lista fa1111istini a Ro111(11iei
(Lepidoptera: Macrolepidoptera). Buletin de Informare, Societatea lcpidoptcrologic
Romn, Cluj-Napoca, 10(1-4): 71-78, Cluj-Napoca.

SZEKELY L. 2008. The Butterflies of Romania - Fluturii de zi din Romnia. Brastar Print-
Braov, 305 p.
Szckcly Lcwnlc
Ro-505600-S(1cL Ic
Str.Viitorului 31. BN
e-mail: levi.szekely@gmai I.corn
Jud. Braov, Romania
89
I Sargetia, Acta Mus. Dev., Ser. Sci. Nat. Voi. I (XXII) 20IO p. 91-110
BUTTERFLIES (ORD. LEPIDOPTERA, SORD. RHOPALOCERA) OF

SARMIZEGETUSA-ZEICANI ZONE
(HUNEDOARA COUNTY, ROMANIA)
SILVIA BlJRNAZ
Summary:
Butterllies of SarmizegetusaZeicani zone (Hunedoara County, Romanii1)
83 species of butterflies (Ord. Macrolepidoptera, Sord. Rhopalocera) werc ll'l'<lldld in

2009-2010 from Sarmizegetusa-Zeicani zone situated at the contact between arcu, Poiana R11-.vil
and Retezat Mountains. A checklist of the species, accompanied by data about the most 111l'l111l'd
flowering plants as nectar source and non-floral sources s presented. The status of thl sp1rn,
according to the Red List of Romanian butterflies and to the Govemmcnt Emcrgcncy Ord1na1H'<' 1111
57 /2007 is also rrcscnlcd. Some species, protected by law n Romania or rare n this Will', \Vl'l l'
identified: Euphydryas maturna partiensis, Euphydryas aurinia, Parnassius 111ne111osr111 di.11i111111.
Lycaena dispar rutila and Neptis hylas. For these species some biologica! and ecologica) data ;111
g1ven.
Key words: Butterflies, Sarmizegetusa-Zeicani, Hunedoara County, checklist
Rezumat:
Fluturi de zi din zona Sarmizegetusa-Zeicani (judeul Hunedoara, Romnia)
83 specii de fluturi diurni (Ord. Macrolepidoptera, Sord. Rhopalocera) au fost semnalall'

n 2009-2010, n zona Sarmizegetusa-Zeiucani situat la contactul dintre Munii arcu, Poia11a
Rusc i Retezat. Este prezentat lista sistematic a speciilor nsoit de date privind cele mai
vizitate plante cu flori utilizate ca surs de nectar precum i surse de hran non-florale. Este
prezentat de asemenea statutul speciilor n concordan cu Lista Roie a fluturilor din Romnia i
Ordonana de Urgen a Guvernului nr. 57/2007. Au fost identificate specii protejate de lege n
Romnia, sau rare n zon: Euphydl)as maturna partiensis, Euphydl)as aurinia, Parnassi11s
mnemosyne distincta, Lycaena dispar rutila i Neptis hylas. Pentru aceste specii sunt prezentate
date biologice i ecologice.
Cuvinte cheie : Fluturi de zi, Sarmizegetusa-Zeicani, lista sistematic
Introduction
During 2009-2010, diurnal Macrolepidoptera (Sord. Rhopalocera) of thc
hillocky zone Sarmizegetusa-Zeicani were researched. This zone is located at thc contact
hetween Poiana Rusc Mountains, arcu Mountains and Retezat Mountains. Tlll'
91
geographical coordinates are: 4530'N and 2243'E. The first locality, Sarmizegetusa
(Hunedoara County) is bordered by Retezat Mountains and Poiana Rusc Mountains. Zeicani
village is part of Sarmizegetusa Commune and it is situated near The Iron Gates of
Transylvania (a part of the depressionary Couloir of the Bistra). The locality is crossed by the
river of Zeicani, a tributary of Breazova River that springs from Poiana Rusc Mountains. The
entire area is surrounded by hills with elevations of 500 - 600 m.
Deciduous forests (As. Carpino-Fagetum PAUC 1941) cover the hillocky area of
Sarmizegetusa and Zeicani localities. In some places, anthropogenetic activities have
transformed the initial landscape of forests in pastures and crops. At the edge of the forests
vanous shrubs have been identified as Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Clematis
vita/ba, Hedera he/ix, Viburnum lantana, Sambucus racemosa and Sambucus nigra. The
Zeicani Valley is bordered by alder forests and tall-herb fringe communities.
This area has a mild climate with annual average temperature of 8C and an average
rainfall of 800 mm.
Until present this zone was occasionnaly researched. A checklist of Macrolepidoptera
species of Sarmizegetusa and other localities of Haeg Depression was published (BURNAZ
SILVIA 1994).
The aim of this study is to emphasize the butterflies spec1es characteristic of the
natural habitat of Sarmizegetusa-Zeicani zone.
Material and Methods

Rhopalocera species were studied in 2009 and 2010. Butterflies were investigated in
the lowland and hillocky area of Sarmizegetusa andin the hillocky area of Zeicani Valley. For
this we have made severa! trips to study the following habitats:
1. Meadows of Junco-Molinietum PREISING 1951 association - situated along the
road between Sarmizegetusa and Zeicani localities. In this type of mesohygrophile meadow
some species have been identified as Juncus conglomeratus, Molinia caerulea, Centaurea
calicitrapa, Veratrum album, Festuca rubra, Prunella vulgaris. In July-August, Thalictrum
simplex ssp. galoides, Galium verum, Filipendula ulmaria and Gladiolus imbricatus give the
colour of these beautiful meadows. In some place, between these two localities, Cirsium
rivulare is also very abundant.
2. Mesophilous meadows (Ass. Agrosteto-Festuceto valesiacae ARDELEAN 1983;
Ass. Agrosti stoloniferae-Deschampsietum cespitosae UJV ROSI 1941; Ass. Festuco rubrae-
92
Agrostietwn capillaris HORV. 1951, Ass. Festucetumpratensis So 1938, Ass. Anthoxantho-
Agrostietum capillaris SILLING., 1933 and Ass. Arrhenateretum elatioris BR .-BL ex SCHERR,
1925) are situated in the hillocky region of Zeicani Valley and in the lowland area of
Sarmizegetusa locality.
3. Tall herb fringe communities identified at the edge of ald r f r sts and along the
the valley of the Zeicani River. Here Epildbium hirsutum, Epilobium montanum , Eupatorium
cannabinum, Filipendula ulmaria, Lythrum salicaria, Stachys palustris , M ~nth a aquatica,
Mentha longifolia, Geranium sylvaticum were identified.
Butterflies were also collected at the edge of country roads and in aband n d pi a es
(eg. a plum orchard) where they also occur abundantly.
Results and discussions

The habitats with various phytocoenoses and local climate offer favourabl nditi ns
for butterflies. A total of 83 species of butterflies (S. ord. Rhopalocera) were r
present in Sarmizegetusa-Zeicani zone. The checklist of the species, accompani d by data
about the most visited flowering plant species by butterflies, nonfloral food and oth r pi a s
visited by butterflies are presented (Table l ). The systematic and scientifical nom n latu re
used in this checklist is after the papers of RKOSY 2002 and SZEKELY 2008 . Most f sp i s
belong to the family of Nymphalidae (44 species, including Satyrinae) and Lycaenid a ( I
species) (Fig. 1).
50
40
Number 30
of species
20
10
o
Hesperiidae Papilionidae Pieridae Lycaenidae Nymphalidae
Fig. 1- Number of species reported to the families of Sord. Rhopalocera (Ord. Lepidoptera)
/Numrul de specii raportat la familiile Sord. Rhopalocera (Ord. Lepidoptera)
93
Table I - The checklist of butterflies species (Sord . Rhopalocera) in Sarmizegetusa and Zeicani zone ; the most preferred flowering plants as nectar source;
nonfloral foods ; species resting on various places (ground, leaves); the status of the species according to the Red List of Romanian butterflies and 3,4 Annex
of OUG 57/2007
Abbreviations: NT: Near-threatened species; VU: Vulnerable species; EN: Endangered species (according to the Red List of Romanian butterflies)
Taxa ~
. :.. :!l <o ~ :s: o :s:o ; o l5 :xi < "'Cl

::.. c2
"'
"O
_,
o oo ot"'" "O -'l c ~ !?: c:::
a.
~ Cil (JO o o
::s
oc o ' ;F ::i::i
o
> VI 0
5CI> ivo
~ c:::
3 ::: o"' c; o c -!:I. e ~~ 3 c si. oo "'
ac
~ 3
; s.
::i. a
~.g
2 :::
~. e-
(JO (JO (JO
e; CI> ~. ~ 3(=)." . < o o o 3 c ....
::s ~ ::r '4 o.
c
~~ 3 c "' c

"' cc
o -~
fJl 113. 3 c; c
"'
"' "' o3 O"
Q. o
::r O>
a- ":g5 "' CI> >< 8
.,,.~
- "' Q.
3
&l "' -"'
; c o
E.
-"' ==
"' ~ :.. e. ~ -
(JO - "' o
c;
"'"'"'o C
a.
"'
~
-.J
*' E. 3 c "'c: Q.
o
~ 9
"' ::r "' c
"' "fi'> "' .- aa (JO
"' "' "' "'

.
HESPERIIDAE
g
Erynnis tages tages X X X

(L!NNAEUS, 1758)
Pyrgus carthami X
(H OBNER , 18 13)
Pyrgus X
malvae malvae
(LINNAEUS , 1758)
Carterocephalus X X
palaemon
(P ALLAS, I 771)
Thymelicus lineola X X
(0CHSE NHE!MER,
1808)
Thymelicus X X X
sylvestris
(PODA, 1761)
Hesperia corn.ma X X X X X
(L! NNAEUS, 1758)
Ochlodes sylvanus X X X X X X X X X X
(ESPER , 1777)
.,,,,.
PAPILIONIDAE
,,. ' f:
lphiclides podalirius X X X X
(LINN AEUS, 1758)
94
Tax.i o n r c: r c. o o ;o >
2 g .Ec: :s:: "o-:s::
< r> :: ;:o < "O -::r- ~ -:::>
c: ~ ~ r..n !)::
o =i' -n U>Q
=- ~ <
=- 2 ~ fi _, o o ::3 o c; () "' ac: - c:: g_ ::i ~c
o%~
::i :::< ::i (>
::i
o~ ::l 3 a 3
9 .;:; ~ ~
9o g.c:
(> :J.
-,.,. 3 i:' - c: n n
e:
::i ::i () ('b
g ::r :::>
li !3 c
g g. O' - :r
::i
"'
{IQ
e; '!9. 3 < ::r (JQ "O
c ~
!>-.) "
8 '"'
a.
~ ::i
el [~
o.
(O
- ::i 3
~.
~
H (O c ()
~ ;{;
tr.s "'o - o c
o: (/)
E..
(JQ
::i
:;:.
"" "' "'()
o. (O
~ 'E.
::i
(O
~- ~ ...,J
c::
i;;-
3 g @~ "' c:
"' "'
(O
"' ""'
"' "'
"'
Papilio machaon X X X
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Parnassius X X X X X X NT 4A
mnemosyne
transsy Ivanica
SCHMIDT, 1930
PIERIDAE
~ ..-.'l--
""
Leptidea sinapis X X X X
sinapis
(LI NNAEUS, 1758)
Aporia crataegi X X
crataegi
(LINNAEUS , 1758)
Pieris rapae X X X X X X X
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Pieris napi napi X X X X X X X X
(LINNAEUS , 1758)
Pieris brassicae X X X
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Anthocharis X X X
ca rdamines
(LI NNAEU S, 1758)
Pontia edusa X X X
(F ABRICIUS, 1777)
Colias croceus X X X X X X X
( FOURCROY, 1758)
95
Taxa "
E. :n <a ll> s:: o:::: s::o ~o ~ ;:o < "O cr.

o
-3 -g ;l n
o or c:
3 oc:
r 9'. c::
a. g
;:;i tll
3r::r
Ot:I
3::::
o o
::::
o
::::
t:I 2' 61 ;:o )>
:::: ~ d
Ulo
!3 ;:::: 23 c:~ ..o o
~a
-::J.
"~ g.: : " " ::i. g E. 2
Ot:I ::I
'O
~o
--- ,.,. o-< 3o 2 < (")
9. c: ~ ::r 3 i; 3o 2. ::::i a
i:-.>
8
~- ]o. ~
-c"'
(") (") 'O
"' ::::
c: ~ S!. <!9. 3 C'J')
E. I>) ll> 3o g_~ ..,o 'E. ~
' 3 - ::r
~I>) .<r.' ;;"' o~ -
~ o c: c: c: ll>
r::r a
I>) -:>
r;; c: (")
c: - "' 5-
Ot:I V> (")
"' cii; := .-i
~
l ;,;- o. "'
~ ~

c:
_;- 3 c o ~ o
o 3
"' c:
cr. ~- "' Q) OQ ,.
~
"' "' "'
Colias hyale X X X X X X X
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Gonepteryx rhamni X X X
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
"
LYCAENIDAE
Hamearis lucina X X X X
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Lycaena phlaeas X
phlaeas
(LINNAEUS, 1761)
Lycaena dispar X X X X vu 4A
rutila
(WERNEBURG, 1864)
Lycaena virgaureae X X X X X NT
virgaureae
(LINNAEUS , 1758)
Lycaena alciphron X vu
(ROTIEMB URG,
1775)
Lycaena tityrus X X NT
tityrus
(PODA, 1761)
Thecla betulae X NT
(LINNAEUS , 1758)
Callophrys rubi X X X X
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Satyrium w-album X X vu
( K NOCH , 1782)
96
Taxa
-- o r o > v.o
(") r ..,o q-.
sE. :!1=: a 3
o :; o o o
r::. :::sg.s::
< 15t: o~ ~ < "'O
-g"'o -".l
~ -g ;i o::i o.... sr:::< g ~c t;1 Cil
o
oq "T1 ;.::i
:::: ~c
(b
(b :::: (b :::.. ::i. ::i. ::::

:. 2 ~'< 9.
a. 3:: :: :: o
c:
- ..,
(b (b
a.
s3 "' g.......t: ..,c;; - o- "'- " ~-oo: "'3t:
c .... Cl
oq OG oq :::: c:
.., ::r
i::: (b
OG :::: (b
(") o(") i;; 3 ::3 N
~.ga. 3 3c:
~
- g. (b n s o,,,3
::
a. ::r
OG 'O
t: ~ 8
~ [t
.,,,
g ~~
;
~
(b (") ~ ~ ~ t:
;--
tl)

OG
5
~

O"
t:
o
(b
"'"'
...,
(b
O"
~~
"8. (b
o.
:: ....
"' -...J
; Iii s t: ~ 2 a3
::!" t:
"' ~. "' ~C'5<,>/r.J)
(lq .
. "' "'
Satyrium pruni X X
'' NT
(LI NNAEUS , 1758)
Cupido minimus X X
(FUESSLY, 1775)
Celastrina argiolus X X X
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Glaucopsyche alexis X X X
(PODA, 1761 )
Plebeius argus argus X X X
(LI NNAEUS, 1758)
Plebejus X X
argyrognomon
(BERGSTR ASSER,
1779)
Aricia agestis agestis X X X
(DEN IS &
SCHIFFERMOLLER,
1775)
Polyommatus X X X
semiargus semiargus
( ROTIEMBURG,
1775)
Polyommatus icarus X X X X X X
(ROTIEMBURG,
1775)
NYMPHALIDAE1l 1~~l~' >~
- o/"'' . if;- ' ;nev
Argynnis paphia X X X
pap hia
( LI NN AEUS, 1758)
97
o:::: I o::: I o:::: I -. .. ;:;:;
?~ :::
=
;; ~
~
<':
c.
~ r=,.. : ; -
~;=;;:
~
~
5 ..,,
~
::::i
(IQ
Argynnis aglaja
(LINNAEUS , 1758)
Argynnis adippe I I I I I I I Ix I IX
(DENIS &
SCHIFFERMULLER,
1775)
Argynnis niobe niobe I I I I I I I IX I I IX
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
lssoria lathonia r- I Ix Ix Ix I I I I X I I I Ix I I Ix
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Brenthis daphne Ix I I Ix Ix I Ix
-1 Ix I I I Ix I I Ix I I IVU
(DENIS &
SCHJFFERM OLLER,
1775)
Brenthis hecate I I I Ix I I I Ix Ix I I I Ix I I I I I I VU
(DENIS &
SCHIFFERMOLLER,
1775)
Boloria euphrosyne Ix I Ix Ix I Ix I I I IX
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Boloria selene Ix Ix I I Ix Ix I I IX IX IX
(DENIS &
SCHIFFERM ULLER,
1775)
Boloria dia dia Ix Ix Ix I Ix I Ix I IX I IX
(LINNAEUS, 1767)
Vanessa atalanta I I I I I I I I I I I Ix Ix IX IX IX
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
98
Taxa c:: 'Tl o::s s: ~~ < "O -3 c:: t'"' c:: 2 cn o o o::s o ...., 'Tl
ao :;i::l )> Q
a ;:; ...,~Q
~
Ec:: S: (!> ::to
(") ""
"" :;i::l
:.. 2 "'
"O
o -(!>
-3
(!>
"O
c:: ::;-
o'<
8 b a g
9:
9. a. g 3
(IQ
3c:: = ::s 3 a 3 8. ::s ~
VI
c::
9 c'dr -
(!>
::s ::s 3 2
- ~.] ::r c tv Q
OCl OCl (") ~
(IQ (Jq < o o (")
''R' ufl a
""
~ cg. ~g. @ "' = "' ""
o -
;.;- ([9.
o~ c::
3 g "' E. Ei "" ""
3
c
r;j
c::
c
o. o
:::r '\& ;
(IQ
...,(!>
'O
. !'~"=' (!>
t'. ~ 8
-"'
"" (!>
::l. ' ': 5
"" o.
c:: ~ "" c: "" 3
o
c:: "' "" "" (/)
i;;-
(Jq
e;
~
~
"'"" (")
c:: i0
V>
~
r;j
"' (IQ
::l
::s ~ -..)
"
ii,;" "" c:: o
"'
2 o 3 "' "' "'
(IQ
"'
Vanessa cardui X X X
(LINNAEUS , 1758)
lnachis ia X X X X
(LINNAEUS , 1758)
Aglais urticae X X X
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Polygonia c-album X X X X X
(LINNAEUS , 1758)
Apatura ilia (DENIS X X X
& SCHIFFERMULLER,
1775)
Apatura iris X X X
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Araschnia Levana X X X X X X X
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Nymphalis antiopa X X
(LINNAEUS , 1758)
Euphydryas maturna X X X X vu 4A
partiensis
(VARGA, 1973)
Euphydryas aurinia X X EN 4A
aunma
(ROITEMB URG,
1775)
Melitaea cinxia X X X X X X X
cinxia (LI NNAEUS,

1758)
99
Taxa ::1~1' c w
.,, s s::co < or c r 9: c:: o o o 2' ~ ~ ;l> ) .ll o
E. o
<<0 lic: ~ ~ ~ "' -l "O -l ;;! Cil ~ o fi
::2 c::
co "'
g- .:::;, < "" "O co E. o o 3 oc o 8 2. ::l .
-c: '"'
::l ::l
t=". ~a co ::l
oq :::!. ~
(,/') c
c
(Jq ::l g (b" 3 2 < (')
9. 2. (')
3 c:
::l
s- ..,
(Jq ::r -o a 3co ::l N CJ
~- ;a
- "'" <.o 3c o
(JQ
Af "'"' "' e: ..,"' -co 3 CJ t: ~~ 8-.l

;{ (') (')
c -
5. .,,,a.
"' ::l
g sijs
;:l. g. -~ g~ e; "' o -
cn
c "' "' "' o c co "9. .a.
:m o. c:: t' ~
co~
::l
(')
c "' "'
- i--
"'"' "' - "'
o..
c
o;-
~ o
(JQ
~
::t
o3
V> (')
"'"'~
V> ::l
(Jq ::l ~ ;0.'J ~ ["
c "' c
;
"'
. ~
co
:n 2 co "' V> (JQ
"' V>
::m{@ -
'"'A l
Melitaea phoebe X X X X X X X X
(DENIS &
SCHIFFERM ULLER,
1758)
Melitaea didyma X X X X X X X
(ESPER, 1778)
M elitaea athalia X X X X X X X X
(ROTIEMBURG,
1775)
Neptis hylas X X X vu
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Neptis rivularis X X
(SCOPOLI, 1763)
Pararge aegeria X X
tircis BUTLER, 1867

Lasiommata megera X
(L INNAEUS , 1767)
Lasiommata maera X X X
maera
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Coenonympha X X X X X X X
. .
arcama arcama
(LINNAEUS, 1761)
Coenonympha X X X X X X X X
glycerion glycerion
(BORKHAUSEN,
1788)
100
Taxa
..
..
E. :!1
3 c:::
Oi o
2 ~
~ ?!::
c: (b
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g a ac: o-o
(JQ oo o
::l
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o
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~ ;i:.
::l
Ul
:::!
NQ
o
c::
o o. c. < ;:; 3(b " !:""' ::l
(JQ
~
I "O
::i. g a c
3
o . 5-
(JQ
-
O' s- e; c~
"' o
c: I (b
::i. ::::
(b
o c:
3 o V>
-c: "'
o
3
o c:
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O-
::.-
(b
(J~
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(b
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"O
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' i;; I P> (b o
~ "" -O-"'
c: g.
"' I
. cr' 5 *
"'"'
c::: c: ;;.;- (JQ "' n -..J
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c::
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(b
E'
e; (I> "' c:
"'
(b
"' (JQ
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(JQ ""
,;c. "' "' "'
(b 3 "'
pamphilus
(LI NNAEUS , 1758)
Pyronia tithonus X X X X X X X EN
(LINNAEUS , 1767)
Aphantopus X X X X X X X X X
hyperantus
(LI NNAEUS, 1758)
Manio lajurtina X X X X X X X X X
(LINNAE US, 1758)

Erebia aethiops X X X X X
(ESPER, 1777)
Erebia ligea X X
nikostrate
FR UHSTORFER, 1909
Erebia medusa X X X X X X
psodea (H OBNER,
1804)
Me lanargia galathea X X X X X X X
(L INNA E US, 1758)

Minois dryas X X X X
(SCOPOLI , 1763)
Hippa rchia fagi X X X
(SCOPOLI , 1763)
Hipparchia semele X X
FR UHSTO RFER , 1908
Ix
Brintesia circe X X X NT
pannon1ca
FR GHSTORFER, 19 11
101
Taxa
I
c:c::;- ,_21
d. -
ll> ~
;:l. c
~a
2 ~
B's
lic: ~
o
ll> 1 C
r:. 9 '
o~
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e:- ....5
<o
5.::J
OQ OQ
ei ""
I
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=-<: ""2t:l ~o~ ;3-;
(Jq
ei~
~ ;
-o ...:i
E. c-
c.~
o c::
gr c:: F;'
3 c::
. ~ @ < (")
(")
c:: c:: ""
9: c:;
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&r f'.i.
"" ~o
tJ cn
(")
o c
3 5-c: o. s-o
0
Io
;:I
~
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o
;:I
~
2
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=
:c : ;
~
~
z
~ --
::: ~-
:=:
:::l
~
(fQ" c
"" o. g"" p; o g_ r;;~
o:~ ;;;
ei ~
"'"' "' ;:I
~
(")
c:: c: "' (Jq
~
;- c:
"'
o
"'
2
"'
o s "' "'
&AW~L~ ~
Melitaea phoebe X X X X X X X X
(DENIS &
SCHIFFERMOLLER,
1758)
Melitaea didyma X X X X X X X
(ESPER, 1778)
Melitaea athalia X X X X X X X X
(ROTIEMBURG,
1775)
Neptis hylas X X X vu
(LlNNAEUS, 1758)
X X
Neptis rivularis
(SCOPOLI, 1763)
X
Pararge aegeria X
tircis BUTLER, I 867

X
Lasiommata megera
(LINNAEUS, 1767)
X X
Lasiommata maera X
maera
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
arcania arcania
(LlNNAEUS, 176 I)
Coenonympha X X X X X X X X
glycerion glycerion
(BORKHAUSEN,
1788)
100

Taxa % ~
o 15 a: o -g ~ c: r oc o o o
,.. ' E. :!1 < o~ < Q) ~ < "O "' ...,i
~ g. b
,..,g .... 9: c::: ..., Cil
g ~
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o
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oei
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I
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:l
::r 3
rX 3 o.. 5 ::2 c
~g O
o.. 3 3
3 o ::r ~ . "O
'~
',,
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Q)
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a.
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c:-:
g.
I
!!; l
o c:
c
("}
c:
!J : ~
"' Q)
~ Q)
<19. 3
o c:
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-o
(lQ g.
Q) I
o c:
"'
O"
Q) c:
("}
o.. o Q)
"'o
"'
o
a-
"'
'9.
c
o
a.
c
t:"
....
"' -i
8"' o
(JQ
~ I 3 2" o (JQ
i:;;"
"' .. 3 "' "' }]\ "'
11 "' ru
"
q li@ j~ '0'.t "!n
1'1' \w ~r-
"'
pamphilus
(LI NNAEUS , 1758)
Pyronia tithonus X X X X X X X EN
(LI NNAEUS, 1767)
Aphantopus X X X X X X X X X
hyperantus
(LI NNAEUS, 1758)
Maniola jurtina X X X X X X X X X
(LI NNAEUS , 1758)

Erebia aethiops X X X X X
(ESPER , 1777)
Erebia ligea X X
nikostrate
FRUHSTORFER, 1909
Erebia medusa X X X X X X
psodea (HOBNER ,
1804)
Melana rgia galathea X X X X X X X
( LI NNAEUS , 1758)
Minois dryas X X X X
(SCOPOLI , 1763)
Hipparchiafagi X X X
(SCOPOLI , 1763)
Hippa rchia semele X X X
FR UHSTORFER, 1908
Brintesia circe X X X NT
pannonica
F RLHSTORFER, 1911
101
In mesophilous meadows, the mast common species are Hesperia comma comma,
Erynnis tages tages, Melanargia galathea, Coenonympha arcania arcania, Coenonympha
pamphilus pamphilus, Polyommatus icarus, Melithaea athalia athalia, Boloria selene,
Boloria dia dia, Melitaea cinxia, Leptidea sinapis sinapis, Pieris rapae, Pieris napi, Colias
croceus and Colias hyale.
Lycaena dispar rutila and Lycaena virgaureae virgaureae are very common m
mesohygrophilous meadows and tall herb fringe communities. The adults frequent especially
Mentha aquatica and Mentha longifolia.
At the edge of the deciduous and mixed forests the frequent spec1es are Pyrgus
carthami, Pyrgus malvae malvae, Erynnis tages, Thymelicus sylvestris, Ochlodes venatus
faunus, Anthocharis cardamines, Hamearis lucina, Lycaena phlaeas, Argynnis paphia,
Polygonia c-album, Arase/mia levana, Aglais urticae, Neptis hylas, Pararge aegeria tircis,
Lasiommata megera, Hipparchia fagi, Erebia aethiops, Minois dryas, Aphantopus
hyperantus. Apatura iris and Apatura ilia prefer open woodland, forest edges and hedgerows,
feeding on dung and tree sap and resting on Salix leaves.
All butterflies we identified in this area feed on plants in their larva! stage. Mast of
them are oligophagous (55 species) and monophagous (14 species) but some species are
polyphagous (11 species). Monophagous species like Thecla betulae and Satyrium pruni are
limited to particular habitats and form local colonies where their host plants (Prunus species)
occur. Oligophagous species are especially Nymphalids but alsa Pierids and Lycaenids:
Apatura iris, Apatura ilia, Boloria euphrosyne, Boloria dia, Argynnis paphia, Argynnis
adippe, Melitaea cinxia, Melitaea athalia, Erebia aethiops, Melanargia galathea, Aphantopus
hyperanthus, Maniola jurtina, Minois dryas, Hipparchia semele, Pieris brassicae, Pieris
rapae, Pieris napi, Lycaena dispar rutila, etc. So that, Poaceae are prefered by Satyrinae
species and some Hesperiidae. Brassicaceae and Fabaceae are host plants for different Pierids
and Lycaenids. Rhamnaceae are host plants for Gonepteryx rhamni. Violaceae are host plants
for Argynnis paphia, Argynnis aglaja, Argynnis adippe and Issoria lathonia. Urtica species
are host plants for Vanessa atalanta, Vanessa cardui, Inachis io and Aglais urticae. Larvae of
Iphiclides podalirius and Thecla betulae feed on Prunus and related Prunus species.
Adult butterflies feed especially on nectar of flowers. Recent studies indicate that
female butterflies detect and prefer nectar with high levels of amono acids necessary for
somatic maintenance and fecundity (MEVI-SCHUTZ JOVANNE & ERHARDT 2004 ).
102
Many spec1es of butterflies as /nachis io, Vanessa ala/anta, Vanessa cardui,
Hipparchia fagi, Polygonia c-album, Brintesia circe, Erchia <lt'tliiops, Neptis hylas,
Euphydryas maturna partiensis were seen visiting moist soii, mud, droppings, tree sap, to
drink water and dissolved nutrients which has been called "puddling". This hchavior, is
explained by the fact that males butterflies need minerals, especially sodium, which arc vital
for their reproduction. Some species as Apatura iris, Apatura ilia, Vancs.w atalanta,
Araschnia levana, Melitaea athalia and Inachis io are attracted hy human swcal. Tliecla
betulae prefers aphid "honeydew" secretions (STILL 1996).
Some of the identified species as Polygonia c-album, Vanessa atala11ta, Apatum iris,
Apatura ilia, Minois dryas, Hipparchia fagi, Hipparchia semele, Brinthesia circe' f"1111w11ica
were seen resting on the leaves of shroubs, trees and various herbs. Othcr spccics as 1,{'/,ia
medusa psodea, Erebia aethiops and Euphydryas aurinia aurinia wcrc sccn rcsting on
diferent grasses.
At Sarmizegetusa, in the mesohygrophilous meadows we have researchcd, Filif "'ndula
ulmaria, Leucanthemum vulgare and Galium verum were the most visited flowcring plants in
June and July. At Zeicani, in mesophilous and mesohygrophilous meadows, thc most visitcd
flowering plants are: Telekia speciosa, Leucanthemum vulgare, Mentha aquatica. Mt11t/1<1
longifolia, Origanum vulgare, Prunei/a vulgaris, Urtica dioica, Thymus pull'gioidcs.
Sambucus racemosa, Lotus corniculatus and Ranunculus acris.
Some species, protected in Romania or included in the Red List of Romanian
butterflies as vulnerable or endangered species, are presented.
Pamassius mnemosyne transsylvanica SCHMIDT. 1930 - This endemic subspccics

was identificd in a mesohygrophilous mcadow, in thc ncighborhood of Zeicani localily (Vig.
7). Parnassius mnemosyne is a food plant specialist with short but frequent movements
between habitat patches (VLIMKI & ITMIES 2003).
Life cycle: The adults fly in May-June. We have seen many individuals resting on
various herbs (Fig. 2). Other individuals were seen on flowers of Sambucus racemosa,
Mentha aquatica and Urtica dioica. Larvae feed on Corydalis sp. (in April-May) and develop
their stage in May to middle of June.
103
F M J A s o N D
Egg
Larva
P upa
Imago
Fig. 2. Parnassius m11e111osyne - life cycle/Parnassius mnemosyne -ciclul biologic
This species is protected by law in severa! countries of Europe. In Romania this taxon
is protccted by law according to the Govcrnmcnt Emcrgency Ordinancc no. 5712007 (Anncx
4).
Lycaena dfapar rutila (WERNEBURG, I 864) (Fig. 10) - It is a very cornmon species in
Zeicani Valley where the !arval foodplant Rumex aquaticus and Rumex crispus grow.
Life cycle: Thc adults fly n Junc-July ancl in the first decade of August (Fig. 3). They
prefer mesohygrophilous mcadows and tall-herb fringe communities with Mentha aquatica,
Mentha longifolia, Epilobium hirsutum, Cirsium rivulare, Eupatorium cannabinum and
Petasites hybridus.
I F M A M
Egg
Larva
Pupa
Imago
Fig.3. Lycaena dispar rutila - life cycle/Lycaena dispar rutila - ciclul biologic
Euphydryas maturna partiensis VARGA 1973 - More individuals from this spec1es
were observed al Lhe edge of a beech forest and in a plum orchard near Zeicani locality (Fig.
8). Many individuals were seen on the ground looking droppings or resting on leaves of
Prunus domestica.
Life cycle: The adults fly in May- June. Larvae develop in June and overwintcr (Fig.
4). Larva) foodplants consists on Bctula, Salix, Fraxinus, Ligustrum. Scabiosa. etc. In
104
Hunedoara County it was found only in Retezat Mountains and Poiana Rusc Mountains
(RAKOSY 1997: BlJRNAZ SILVIA 2002). In Romania, Euphydrrns nwtunw partiensis is
considercd as a vulnerable species (according to the Red List of Romanian butterflies) and it
is protected by law (Annex 3, Annex 4 of the Govermncnt Emcrgcncy Ordinance no.
57/2007).
Egg
Larva
Pupa
Imago
Fig. 4. Euphydryas maturna partiensis- life cycle/ Euphydryas maturna partiensis- ciclul biologic
Euphydryas aurinia aurinia (ROTIEMBURG, 1775) - Wc havc collcctcd somc

spccimcns in a damp mcadow ncar Sarmizegctusa locality, in lhc first clccaclc or Junc, 20 I O.
This species is one of the most endangered buttertlies of Europe. It is also a protccted spccics
in Romanian fauna according to the Government Emergency Ordinance no. 57/2007 (Anncx
4). ln Hunedoara County this spccics is very common especially in calcareous habitats of
Metaliferi Mountains but also in lowland zoncs of Haeg Dcpression.

Life cycle: The females lay their eggs in May and early June on Succisa pratensis and
Scabiosa ochroleucha. Larvae, polyphagous, feed on Scabiosa, Knautia, Lonicera, Plantago.
They over winter from Late August until March. The adults fly in May and in the first decade
of June (Fig. 5).
I F
Egg
Larva
Pupa
Imago
Fig. 5. Euphydryas aurinia aurinia- life cycle/ Euphydryas aurinia aurinia - ciclul biologic
105
Neptis hylas (LINNAEUS, 1758) - Severa! individuals were observed at Zeicani Valley in
May-June. The adults \vere seen resting on various herbs (leaves) or on the ground (Fig. 9). It
is a protected species according to Annex 4 of the Govcrnment Ernergency Ordinance no.
57/2007.
Life cycle: The adults fly in May-August (probably two generations) (Fig. 6). Thc
femalc lay the cggs on Larhyrus vem11.1. Lu-vae develop in May and August and then
overwinter. They pupate at the middle of April.
I F M A M
Egg
Larva
Pupa
Imago
Fig. 6. Neptis hylas - life cycle/ Neptis hylas- lifc cycle
Brenthis daphne dap/me (DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) - lt is a rclatively

common spccies. Adults frequcnt flowering meadows, bush areas, the edge of the deciduous
forests and fly in June-August. Larvae feed on Rubus fruticosus and Rubus idaeus. According
to the Red List of Romanian Butterflies it is a vulnerable species (RKOSY 2002).
Brenthis hecate (DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) - It is a relatively common species
in this arca. The adults fly in May-June-August and prefer the edge of the forests and shrub
areas. Larvae feed on Filipendula ulmaria and Dorycnium pentaphyllum ssp. herbaceum
(NICULESCU 1965; TOLMAN & LEWINGTON 1997). This species is listed as a vulnerable
species according to the Red List of Romanian butterflies (RKOSY 2002).
Conclusions
The research conducted in this area showed that the most species are not endangered
and they have dense populations. This situation is due to the ecologica! valency of the
species. mostly mesophilous with moderate exigencies for temperature and humidity. To this
are addcd the natural habitats wherc adults can find many tlowcring plants used as nectar
source but also non-floral sources.
106
Some species as Euphydryas maturna partiensis, Euphyd1yas <111ri11i<1 aurinia, Thecla
betulae, Lycaena dispar rutila, Lycaena alciphron, Panwssi11s 111111'111osy11c' transsylvanica,
Satyrium w-album, Satyrium pruni, Brenthis daphne, Brenthi.\ hcrn/1', Apa/ura ilia and
Apatura iris are listed as vulnerable, near threatened or endangerc<l spccics in thc Red List of
Butterflies of Romania (RKOSY 2002). Euphydryas maturna partiensis, 1"'1111'1.wlrya.\' aurinia
aurinia, Parnassius mnemosyne transsylvanica, Neptis hylas and Lycac'Jlll di.\'f){lr mii/a are
listed as species of national end communitary interest in the 3 and 4 J\1111Lxcs of the
Govcrnmcnt Emcrgcncy Ordinancc no. 57/2007.
References
BURNAZ SILVIA. 1994. Des dates concernant la faune des Macrolc;pido11t"'"''1 "'' la
Depression de Haeg (le secteur Tutea-Sarmizegetusa-Pui-SubcetatC'). Sargctia, J\L"la
Musei Devensis, Series Scientia Naturae, Deva, 16: 80-93.
BURNAZ SILVIA. 2002. Fauna de lepidoptere diurne (Ord. Lepidoptera, S.ord. Rho1111/o"""") 11
judeului Hunedoara, Romnia. Consideraii ecologice, biologice i ~oog('(lgm/ic1'.
Buletin de informare, Societatea Lepidopterologic Romn, 13( 1-4 ): 4 J-6(l.

MEVI-SCHUTZ JOVANNE & A. ERHARDT. 2004. Mating frequency influences 111c/11r 11111i110
acids preference (~f Pieris napi. Proceedings of the Royal Sciences, London. 271: I .'i .~
158.
NICULESCU GH. 1967. Munii arcu-Godeanu. Ed. UCGS, Bucureti, 180 p.
NICULESCU E.V. 1965. Familia Nymphalidae. ln: Fauna R.P.R., Insecta, 11(7): 1-358
RKOSY L. 1997. Macrolepidopterele din Parcul Naional Retezat. n: Entomofauna
Parcurilor Naionale Retezat i Valea Cernei. Ed. Societatea Lepidopterologic
Romn. Cluj-Napoca, 87-122.

RKOSY L. 2002. Lista roie pentru fluturii diurni din Romnia. Buletin de informare,
Societatea Lepidopterologic Romn, 13(1-4 ): 9-26.
SZEKELY L. 2008. The Butterflies of Romania (Fluturii de z1 din Romnia). Ed. Braov
County History Museum, Braov, 268 p., 22 pl.

TOLMAN T. & LEWINGTON R. 2007. Guide des papillons d'Europe et d' Afrique du Nord. Ed.
Delachaux et Niestle, 320 p.
107
VLIMKI, P. & ITMIES, J. 2003. Migration of the clouded Apollo hutterfly Parnassius
mnemosyne in a network of suitahle habitats - effects of patch characteristics.
Ecography, 26(5): 679-691(13).
xxx ORDONANA DE URGENT nr. 57 din 20 iunie 2007 privind regimul ariilor naturale
protejate, conservarea habitatelor naturale, a florei i faunei slbatice.
Silvia Bumaz
39, 1 Decembrie Street
Deva, Hunedoara County, Romania
e-mail: silviabumaz@gmail.com
108
Fig. 7. Parnassius mnemosyne transsy lvanica Schmidt, 1930 Fig.8. Euphydryas maturna partiensis Varga 1973,
at Zeicani, May 201 O, at the edge of the forest at Zeicani, May 2009, n a plum orchard
Fig. 9. Neptis hylas (Linnaeus, 1758) at Zeicani Valley, Fig. 10. Lycaena dispar rutila (Werneburg, 1864)
May 2010 at Comisar Valley, August 2009
MACROLEPIDOPTERA SPECIES (S. ORD. HETEROCERA)

OF HUNEDOARA COUNTY (ROMANIA)
SILVIA BURNAZ
Summary
Macrolepidoptera species (Sord. Heterocera) of the Hunedoara County (Romania)
The sludy about the Macrolepidoplera species (Sord. Helerocera) was carricd oul during
1979-2010. Rcscarchcs wcrc conductcd in various silcs situatcd in lhc hillocky 11llll's ;1s \WII a~ in
thc mountainous and subalpine hclls of thc mountains locatcd in Hunedoara Cuunly. 602 spccics
of Macrolcpidoptera (Sord. Heteroccra) wcrc recorded. The checklisl of the spccics, accompanicd
of data about lhe sites of sampling, ecologica) exigencies of lhe species and hoslplants of thc
larvae is given. Some rare or very rare species in Hunedoara County such as Prntfori.1 .1rolid11.
Eriogaster lanestris lanestris, Orthostixis crihraria, Lycia zonaria, Proserpi1111s pro.11'1pi1111,
Coscinia crihraria pannonica, Spiris striata striata, Catocala puerpera, Catocala h1111c111'11,
Catephia alchymista, Cryphia muralis, Lamprotes c-aureum, Lamprosticta culta, CallotJis1ri11
latreillei, Polymixis rufocincta, Gortyna hore/ii lunara, Pseudochropleura musiva, Noc/1111
interposita, Lycoplwtia porphyrea, Opigena polygona, Xestia castanea, Endromis versirnlora,
Cosnwtriche lohulina, Tyria jacohaeae, Moma alpium, Episema glaucina, Panthea coe11ohi111,
Diclwnia aprilina, Meganephria himaculosa, Gastropacha populifolia, Dicranura 11/111i,
Cyclophora parata, Triphosa sahaudiata, Apeira syringaria, Biston stratarius, Plwlna
huceplwloides, Phragmatohia lucrifera, Eugnorisma depuncta, Chersotis multangula 111ul1a11~11/a
and Pseudochropleura jlammatra were identified.
Key words: Macrolepidoplera, Sord. Helerocera, Hunedoara County, Romania
Rezumat
Specii de Macrolepidoptere (Sord. Heterocera) din judeul Hunedoara (Romnia)
Studiul referitor la speciile de Macrolepidoptere (Sord. Heterocera) a fost realizat n

perioada 1979-20 I O. Cercetrile au fost efectuate in diferite statiuni situate n zonele colinare
precum i n etajele montan i subalpin al munilor din judeul Hunedoara. 602 specii de
Macrolepidoptere (Sord. Heterocera) au fost semnalate n judeul Hunedoara. Este prezentat lista
sistematic a speciilor nsoit de date privind staiunile de colectare, exigenele ecologice ale
speciilor precum i plantele gazd ale larvelor. Cteva specii rare sau foarte rare n judeul
Hunedoara identificate n timpul cercetrilor: Produri.1 stolida. Eriogaster lanestris lanestris,
Orthostixis crihraria, Lycia zonaria, Proserpinus proserpina, Coscinia crihraria pannonica,
Spiris striata striata, Caracala puerpera, Catocala hymenea, Catephia alchymista, Cryphia
muralis, Lamprotes c-aureum, Lamprosticta culta, Callopistria latreillei, Polymixis rufocincta,
Gortyna hore/ii tunata, Pseudochrapleura musiva, Nactua interpasita, Lycaphatia parphyrea,
Opigena polygona, Xestia castanea, Endromis versicalara, Casmatriche lahulina, Tyria
jacahaeae, Mama alpium, Episema glaucina, Panthea caenahita, Dichania aprilina, Meganephria
bimaculosa, Gastropacha papulifalia, Dicranura ulmi, Cyclaphara parata, Triphasa sahaudiata,
Apeira syringaria, Bistan stratarius, Phalera hucephalaides, Phragmatahia luctifera, Eugnorisma
depuncta, Chersatis multangula multangula i Pseudachropleura flammatra.
Cuvinte cheie: Macrolepidoptera, Sord. Heterocera, judeul Hunedoara, Romnia
111
INTRODUCTION
Hunedoara County is situated in the western part of Romania and in the south-western
part of Transylvania. The relief is predominantly mountainous but the hills are also spread
cspecially on Mure and Strci Couloir and around thc Haeg and Brad Dcprcssions. Thc
Mure Rivcr, the most important rivcr of Hunedoara County crosscs thc territory from East to
West and forms a tectonic corric\or, between Deva and Zam localitics. In this area, the Mure
River has a narrowing of the valley sequence of 1-3 km in alternation with widths up to 5-6
km. Near Deva town, Mure River has numerous meanders and formed dead branches and
bogs with marsh vegetation. The most part of riverside is very large, with many pastures and
cultivated areas. ln the northcrn part of Mure Rivcr, Metaliferi and Zarand Mountains arc
located. In the south of the river. Retezat Mountains, Parng Mountains, Tarcu Mountains and
urcanu Mountains arc sprcad. Ali thcsc mountains bclong to Southcrn Carpathians. Thc
Poiana Rusc Mountains (Western Carpathians) occupy thc south-wcstcrn part of the
tcrritory. Hunedoara County has a diversifiecl karst relief developed in calcarcous rocks. For
example, in Metaliferi Mountains wc mect numerous calcarcous gorges as Macla. Ardeu.
Crciuneti, Ribicioara and Uibreti Gorges. In the ureanu Mountains. spectacular
limestone regions are located al Ponorici-Cioclovina, Crivadia Gorges. Bnia Couloir and
Taia Gorges.
The depressionary areas of Hunedoara County arc representcd by Haeg Depression
(bordered by the ureanu, Retezat, arcu and Poiana Rusc Mountains), Strei-Cema
Depression (bordered by Munii Poiana Rusc, ureanu Mountains and the Valley of Mure
River) and Brad Depression which are developed in the Basin of Criul Alb River. The
Couloir of Ortie, with a predominantly hillocky character, is bordered by ureanu and
Metaliferi Mountains
The hydrography of Hunedoata County is very rich. The Strei River, the principal
trihutary of Mure Rivcr has a large basin along which wcrc built some small hydro and lakes.
The Couloir of Strei River, has a hilly zone (400-500 m altitude) representecl by the Hills of
Ortie (in thc western part) and The Hills of Hunedoara (in the ea.stern part of the couloir).
Thc Criul Alb River crosscs the northern pa1t of the territory. In South, in thc Dcprcssion of
Petroani, the Jiu Rivcr is formcd by Thc Eastcrn and The Western Jiu Rivers. From Livezcni
112
to Bumbeti locality, the Western Jiu River forms a spectacular dcl'ile hetwccn the Vulcan and
the Parng Mountains.
Thc climate of Hunedoara County is temperate co111i11e11t:il. Thc avcrage annual
tcmperalures are + I0C in the valley of Mure River and -2C in Rete1.a1 and Parng
Mountains.
The vegetation is characterized by a great diversity. lts sJistrihution is i11rl11rnccd hy
climate. relief and type of thc soii. In the hilly arca deciduous forcsts are sprL'ad. Oak forcsts
(Ass. Querceto-Carpinetum Tx. 1930, 1937 Quercetum petraeae-cerri.\ So6 '57. J\ss. /,athyro
hallersteinii-Carpinetum Coldea 75) (Resmeri et al. 1974)) are locali1.ed rsprcially in I la\cg
Depression and around the town of Deva. ln the mountainous are a, dcciduous fo1'lsts ( J\ss.
Carpi1w-Fagetum Pauc 1941. Symphyto-Fagetum Vida 1959, Pulmonorio mlm11' h1gl'/11111
(Soo 1964), Fauber 1987. Phyllitidi-Fagetum Vida (1959) 1963) and conikrous forLs1s t/\ss.
Hieracio mtundati-Picce/11111 Pawl. Et Br.-Bl.1939, Leucanthenzo waldsteinii l'i, 'c'l'/11111
Krajina 1933) are sprcad. Mixed forcst are reprcscnted by Pulmonario rubrae-Ahil'ti-Fagl'/11111
(KNAPP 1942) So6 1964 and Chrysanthemo rotundifolio-Piceo-Fagetum So(> 1964
associations. In the subalpine belt, the spruce forests are represented by Bruckn11/uilio-
Piceetum BORHIDI (1958) 1969 association. Bushes of mugo pine (Pinus mugo), dwarr j11nipL'r
(luniperus communis ssp. nana) and rhododendron (Ass. Rhododendro myrt~f'olii-l'i11<'lw11
mugi BORZA 1959 em. COLDEA 1985, Ass. Rhododendro myrtifolii-Vaccinietu111 Bc m./.A
(1955) 1959 em. BOCAIU 1971) cover the subalpine zone of Retezat and Parng Mount'!1ins.
Grasslands (Ass. Festuco rubrae-Agrostietum capillaris HORV. (1951) 1952, Trisetet11111
fl.avescentis (SCHR.) BROCKMANN 1907, facies Chrysanthemosum leucanthemi RACLARll
1970 and Anthoxantho-Agrostietum capillaris SILLINGER 1933) cover the hillocky and
mountainous area of ureanu and Poiana Rusc Mountains. In the area of Metaliferi and
ureanu Mountains, the limestone rocks are covered by phytocoenoses of Asplenio-
Cystopteridetum fragilis OBERD. (1939) 1949, Melico-Phleetum montani BOCAIU et al. 1966
and Thymo comosi-Festucetum rupicolae (CsOROS 1959) POP et HODIAN 1995 associations
(BALAZS MARCELA, 1999). Various shrubs communities are spread at the edge of the
deciduous and mixed forests (Ass. Pruno spinosae-Crataegetum (So6 1927) HUECK 1931,
Ass. Euonymo-Sambucetum nigrae MooR 1967, Ass. Sambucetum racemosae OBERD. 1973).
Along the rivers, in the hillocky and mountainous area, alder trees are spread (Ass. Alnetum
glutinoso-incanae BR.-BL. (1915) 1930, Ass. Telekio speciosae-Alnetum incanae COLDEA
1990 and Ass. Aegopodio-Alnetum glutinosae KARPATI & JURKO). Tall herb fringc
113
communities (Ass. Senecio silvatici-Epilobietum angustifolii (Heck 1931) Tx. 1950) were
identified in the Basin of Cerna River and its tributaries (Poiana Rusc Mountains).
Researches about the Lepidoptera fauna of the Hunedoara County have been
conducted by different authors.
The first data about Macrolepidoptera species of Hunedoara County are provided by
Josef Franzenau from Scrmb locality (Fuss 1850). In the intcrwar period Ladislau
Dioszcghy has studicd thc Lepidoptera fauna of the Retezat Mountains (DI6SZEGHY 1929-
1930, 1933-1934 ). In the first decencies of XX-th century, Adriano Ostrogovich has also
collected some specimens in the area of Hunedoara Hills (POPESCU-GORJ 1964). KbNIG
(1983) has published data about the Lepidoptera fauna of Hunedoara County. He collectcd
mainly in the Retezat Mountains and published excellent ecologica! and biogeographically
studies (KbNIG 1963, 1969). RKOSY (1993, 1997) published a survey of Macrolepidoplera
species of the National Park of the Retezat Mountains, based upon personal researches and
data published by Ladislau Di6szeghy and Frederic Kbnig. 680 specics wcrc rccorded,
especially from the limcstonc arca of thc Retezat Mountains. A systematic !ist of
Macrolepidoptcra spccies collcctcd in thc Parng Mountains was also published by RKOSY
( 1995).
BURNAZ SILVIA (1986-1987, 1992, 1993, 1994 a, 1994 b, 1995, 1997, 1999, 1999,
2006, 2007 a, 2007 b, 2009 a, 2009 b, 2009 c, BURNAZ SILVIA & BALAZS MARCELA, (2001,
2001-2002), BURNAZ SILVIA & KbNIG FR. (1984) have studied different hillocky,
mountainous and subalpine areas and published systematic lists accompanied by ecological
and biogeographical data of the Macrolepidoptera species.
Faunistica!, bio-ecologica! and bio-geographical data about the Macrolepidoptera of
the ureanu Mountains were published by the author (BURNAZ SILVIA, 2008).
MATERIAL AND METHODS

The present study was carried out during 1979-2010. Researches were conducted on
the sites situated in the hillocky. mountainous and subalpine belt of the mountains located in
Hunedoara County. Most of Macrolepidoplera species were collected by means of the light
traps (250 Watt) placed in various habitats, especially at the edge of the deciduous, mixed,
coniferous forests, grasslands, mountain and subalpine meadows and lirnestone rocks. We
also used a mixture of beer and honey for capturing some species with the flight period in the
early spring (Hl-IV) or in the late autumn (X-XI).
114
1. The Retezat Mountains
la. Gura Zlata Chalet (located in the National Park of thc Rc1c1.at Mountains, on the
Ru Mare Valley, at the confluence with Zlata Valley; 775 m altitudc);
1b. Cinie Chalet placed in the levei of the coniferous forest ( I005 m alt i t ude);
le. Cmpu lui Neag Chalet (825 m altitude). Specimens werc colkclcd in thc arca of
deciduous and mixed forests and on the Valley of Buta River;
ld. The Gemenele scientific reserve which is a part of the National Parc of 1hc Rctc1.al
Mountains.
2. The Parng Mountains.
2a. The Gorges of Jie River; Species identified in this site were puhlishcd hy RAK<>SY,
1995.
3. The ureanu Mountains.

3a. The Karst of Ponorici-Cioclovina a natural protected area situat cd i11 1lll' wcslcrn
part of the ureanu Mountains, on the superior basin of the Luncani River
3b. Costeti (Ortioara de Sus Communa) is located in the central-western pari of lhc
ureanu Mountains. The light trap was placed on the Hill of Fortress of Costqt i al 5<i I 111
altitude in the area of a beech forest.

3c, 3d. Grditea Muncelului and the Valley of Godeanu (Grditei) Rivcr arL'
situated in the central-western part of the ureanu Mountains. Deciduous forests rcprcsl'lllcd
by Symphyto cordato-Fagetum silvaticae VIDA 1963 association are prevalent ( B/\l.A/.S
MARCELA 1993).
3e. The Crivadia Gorges (788 m altitude in the Hill of Runcu) situated in thc south-
western part of the ureanu Mountains. Here, the rocks are covered by mesoxerophilous
phytocoenoses of Asperulo capitatae-Seslerietum rigidae (ZOLY 1939) COLDEA 1991
association in alternance with beech forests (Ass. Phyllitidi-Fagetum VIDA (1959). Thc
Gorges are also known because of their shrubs wild lilac (Ass. Asplenio- Syringetum vulgari.\
JAKUCS et VIDA 1958).
3f. The couloir of Bnia and the natural reserve of Bolii Hill, situated in the south part
of the ureanu Mountains, at the contact between Hateg and Petroani Depressions.
Mesoxerophilous and mesophilous phytocoenoses are represented by Asperulo capitatae-
Seslerietum rigidae (ZOL Y 1939) COLDEA 1991, Asplenio-Cystopteridetum fraJ?ilis OBERD.
( 1939) 1949 and Ass. Thymo comosi-Festucetum rupicolae (CSOROS 1959) Por el HoDI/\N
1955.
115
3g. The Taia Gorges (1288 m altitude in Piatra Leului Hill) are situated in the south
part of ureanu Mountains, in the Superior Basin of Eastern Jiu River. The calcareous rocks
are covered by mesoxerothermophilous and xerothermophilous grasslands (Ass. Thymo
comosi- Seslerietum rigidae (ZOLYOMI 1939) POP ET HODIAN 1985 and As. Thymo comosi-
Festucetum rupicolae (CSUROS 1959) POP et HODIAN 1985).
3h. The Poienii Peack frorn the Ohaha de sub Piatr, a botanica! reserve situated in the
south-wcstcrn part of thc urcanu Mountains, on thc tcrritory of Ohaba de sub Piatr villagc
(Slau de Sus Communc). Minuartio-Festucetum pseudodalmaticae (MIKYSKA 1933) KLIKA
1938 Plantaginetosum ho/astei BOCAIU, PETERFI & CERNELEA 1974 subassociation was
described from this natural reserve.
4. The Metaliferi Mountains
4a. The hills of Scrmb locality situated in the northern part of Mure Valley. Here,
the light trap was placed near a beech forest - a natural forest reserve.
4b. Thc Gorgcs of Mada arc situated in the northcrn Metaliferi Mountains. Thc
cocnoscs that covcr thc limcstonc rocks of Plca Marc Hill (714 m) and Plca Mic Hill (690
m) arc rcprcscntcd by Mefico-Phleetum 111on1ani BOCAili ct all. 1966 association.
4c. "The Limestones of Mgura Hill" is a protected area situated in the Crciuneti
Gorges. Xerophytic grasslands (Ass. Thymetwn comosi POP & HODIAN 1963 subass.
teucrietosum montani (CsOROS 1958), COLDEA 1991 )) are prevalent in this limestone area
zone.
4d, 4e. The Gorges of Ribicioara and the Gorges of Uibreti (Ribia locality) are
located in the northern part of Hunedoara County. The limes tone area is covered by deciduous
forests (Ass. Phyllitidi-Fagetum VIDA 1959 (1963)) and xerophytic grasslands (Ass.
Thymetum comosi POP & HODIAN 1963).
4f. Lunca locality (Bia Commune) is situated in the southern part of Metaliferi
Mountains near the Gorges of Crciuneti. Here, predominantly are deciduous forests (Ass.
Carpino-Fagetum PAUC 1941) in alternance with meadows and cultivated terrains.
4g. Boiu de Sus, a limestone area situated at the foots of Metaliferi Mountains; Here,
grasslands of the Thymetum comosi POP & HODIAN 1963 association are prevalent.
4h. Godineti-Crmzneti, a limestone area situated in the southem part of
Metaliferi Mountains with grasslands (Ass. Seseli gracile-Festucetum pallentis (So6 1959)
Coldea 1991.
116
5. Bulzetii de Sus, a limestone area located in the north-castcrn part of the Metaliferi
Mountains. This natural area hosts coenoses of Me/ico-Phlce111111 111011ta11i Bo~CAIU et all.
1966 association. beech forests and various shrubs as Crataeg11s 111mwg\1u1. R11/ms caesius.
Prrmus spino.\a. Samhucus racemosa, etc.
6. Poiana Rusc Mountains

6a. Lunca Cernii, specimens were collected in the habitats of Cerna Valley
6b. The Valley of Govjdie River is situated in the eastern part of lhc Poiana Rusc
Mountains. This zone is situated in the area of deciduous forests (Ass. C<11pi110-Fagc111111
PAUC 1941) in alternance with meadows (Ass. Festucetum pratmsis So(> ( 1938)
1955, 1969), Ass. Anthoxantho-Agrostietum capillaris SILLINGER 1933, Jurcko I 9<19) and
shrubs (Ass. Pruno spinosae-Crataegetum monogynae (So6 1927) Hucck 1931) (BAI .A/.S
MARCELA, 2007).
6c. The Valley of Runc, a limestone area situated in the eastern pari of lhc Poiana
Rusc Mountains near Hunedoara town. Here the vegetation is dominated hy hccch forcsls
(Ass. Carpino-Fagetum Pauc 1941 and alder tree forests (Ass. Aego1wdio-A/11et11111
glutinosae KARPATI & JURKO 1961)
6d. The Valley of Zlati, a limestone area situated in the eastern part of thc Poiana
Rusc Mountains near Hunedoara town. The vegetation is represented by Ass. Ct11'f Ji110-
F agetum PAUC 1941, lawns of mesophilous and mesoxerophilous associations as Festurn
rubrae-Agrostetum tenuis CsOROS-KAPTALAN 1964 and Thymo comosi-Festucetum rupirnlae
(CSOROS 1959) POP et HODIAN 1985).
6e. The Hills of Deva, situated in the north-western part of Deva town. Thc most
important is the Hill of the Fortress, a protected natural reserve which represcnts a
volkanic neck (371 m altitude). Coenoses of Cleistogeno-Festucetum rupicolae
(So6 1930) ZOLYOMI 1958 cover the andeyitic rocks of the hill. Oak forests
cover especially the Bejan Hill (Ass. Quercetum petraeae-cerris So6 1957 and
Ass. Carpino-Quercetum petraeae (BORZA 1941) POP ET HODIAN 1960).
6f. Lpugiu de Jos and Lpugiu de Sus Villages. The vegetation is represented by Ass.
Carpino-Fagetum Pauc 1941 and lawns of mesophilous coenoses (Ass. Festuco rubrae-
Agrostetum tenuis CsOROS-KAPTALAN 1964).
7. Haeg Depression
7a. The forest of Slivu, a natural forcst rcservc. situated in Haeg Dcprcssion. 011 lhc
territory of Haeg town. Thc oak conenoses of Quercus petraea and Quercus rohur in
117
;1-.sociation with other deciduous trees (Fagus sylvatica, Carpinus betulus) represent a rest of
a large arca of oak forests in Haeg Depression.
7b. Tutea (General Berthelot Commune). The vegetation 1s represented by Ass.
<(l/jJino-Fagetum PAUC 1941, lawns of mesophilous coenoses (Ass. Festuco rubrae-
1\grostetum tenuis CsOROS-KAPTALAN 1964).
7c. The natural reserve of Slau de Sus, a botanica! reserve, situated on the territory
of Slau de Sus local ity ncar thc Retezat Mountains. BOCAIU (1965) has described The
Peucedanum (rocheliani)-Molinietum coeruleae association. Narcissus stellaris, Peucedanum
rochelianum, Molinia coerulea, Gentiana pneumonanthe, Iris sibirica, Orchis moria and
other species were identified in these mesohygrophilous lawns.
7d. Pui. The light trap was placed on the Valley of Ru Brbat River. Here, adler tree
coenoses are prevalent (Ass. Alnetum glutinosae-incanae Br. -BI. 1915, Ass. Alno-Salicetum
cineraeae (KOBENDZA 1950) PASSARGE 1956) and mesohygrophilous meadows (Ass.
Cyrsietum rivularis RALSKI 1931, Ass. Agrostio stoloniferae-Deschampsietum caespitosae
UJVAROSI 1947).
7c. Sarmizegetusa Communc, situatcd in thc southcrn part of Haeg Depression ncar
The Retezat Mountains. The locality is located at the contact of the Retezat Mountains with
Poiana Rusc and arcu Mountains. Here, beech forests (As. Carpino-Fagetum Pauc 1941)
and grasslands (Ass. Junco-Molinietu111 PREISING 1951 assoeialion. Agmsteto-Festucero
valesiacae ARDELEAN 1983. Ass. Agrosri stolonf'erae-Desclwmpsietum cespitosae UJV ROSI
1941. Ass. Festuco ruhrae-Agmstietum capillaris HORV. 195 I) were studied.
We present the Macrolepidoptera species following the taxonomic arrangement of
RKOSY (1997), RKOSY. GOIA & KOVACS (2003), SZEKELY (2008).
Ecologica) exigcnccs of thc species wcrc analyscd using thc classification of RKOSY
(1997).
RESUL TS AND DISCUSSIONS
During 1979-2010, 602 species of Macrolepidoptera (S.ord. Heterocera) were
recorded in Hunedoara County. A systematic list of the Macrolepidoptera species registered
in Hunedoara County is shown in Table 1. The analysis of the families structure shows that
Noctuidae (274 species; 45%) and Geometridae (204 species; 34%) are the most rich groups.
Other families represent 21 % from all the species (fig. 1).
In terms of the ecological exigences, most of the spec1es are mesophilous (48% ),
mesohygrophilous (22%) and mesothermophilous (13%) as a resuit of climate, the
118
distribution of the vegetation belts and geographi cal pos iti n of the county.
Xerothermophilous species represent 6% from al the recorded sp th r elements ( 11 %
from all the species) are represented by thermophil ous,
xeromontane, montan-subalpine species, eurioecic species (fi g. 2).
Ne tui lnt:
Ge 1He t11 I. c
mOth er f< nii li '.'
Fig. l - The structure of the famil ies of Macro lepidoptera record d f'r 111
the Hunedoara County/Structura familiilor speciilor de Macrolepidopt r
semnalate n judeul Hunedoara
1 1%
13% * I\fosophil
Iii I\lesohygrophil
mMesothennophil
Xerothennophil
llil Other dements
Fig. 2. Spectrum of the ecologica) exigences of the Macro lepidoptera species

/Spectrul exigentelor ecologice ale speciilor de Macrolepidoptere
119
Table I. The systematic list of the Macrolepidoptera species recorded from the Hunedoara County; Sites, Ecological exigences and Host plants of the lanae
Nr.
TAXAitMw SITES .- E.E. H.P. Obs.
eh. ~ #'4
LASIOCAMPIDAE
l. Poecilocampa populi 2a,3a,3b, 3d, 3e, 3f,3h,4c M Sal icaceae, Fraxinus,
(LINNAEUS, 1758) Ulmus, Quercus
2. Trichiura crataegi 3a,3b,4c Mt Quercus, Corylus, Betula, Vulnerable species at
(LlNNAEUS, 1758) Salix, Crataegus national levei
monogyna, Prunus
3. 3f, 3g, 3h Mt Prunus, Crataegus, Salix, Rare species in
Eriogaster lanestris lanestris Betula, Tilia Hunedoara County;
(LlNNAEUS, 1758) Vulnerable species at
national levei
4. Eriogaster catax 3b,3e Mt Prunus, Crataegus, Rare species in
(LlNNAEUS, 1758) Quercus Hunedoara County
5. Malacosoma neustria 1b, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, M Quercus, Salicaceae,
(LlNNAEUS, 1758) 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 6b, 6e, 6f, Alnus, Carpinus,
7b, 7d, 7e Rosaceae
6. Lasiocampa trifolii 3a, 3e M Especially Fabaceae
(DEN IS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775)
7. Lasiocampa quercus quercus 4c, 6f M Quercus, Salix, Populus,
(LlNNAEUS , 1758) Betula, Rubus
8. Macrothylacia rubi 6a, 6b,6e, 6f M Prunus spinosa, Quercus,
(LINNAEUS, 1758) Rubus, Salix, Sanguisorba
mm or
9. Dendrolimus pini montana 3a, 3c,3d, 4a, M Pinaceae
STAUDINGER, 1871
10. Cosmotriche lobulina lb, Ic M Pinaceae Rare species in the
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) mountainous belt of
Hunedoara County
11. Phy llodesma trernulifolia (HOBNER, 181 O) 3a,3b,3e Mh Betula, Populus, Fraxinus,
Prunus, Salix
120
Nr.
. f ~
-~ . .
TAXA SITES E.E. H.P. Obs.
crt. 'fi< "'-
'!!"
12. Gas tropac ha quercifo li a (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 3a, 3b, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4b, 6a, 6b, Mt Rhamnus cath arti cus,
6c,6e Salix, Corylu s, Prunus,
Quercus
13. Gastropacha populi fo li a (ESPER, 178 1) 3a Mh Salicaceae
14. Odonesti s pruni (L INNAEUS, 1758) 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, Mt Prunus, Betul aceae,
4c,4f, 4g,4h, 6a,6e, 6f, 7b Quercus, T ilia, Corylus,
Populus
ENDROMIDAE r-H
-
15. End romi s versico lora (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3a,3c,3d, 3e M Popu lus, A lnus, Rare spec1es Jn
Corylaceae, Ulmus, Ti lia Hunedoara Coun ty
:~Ms ;;l);i4, ',
(11 ~'M rlifilSN fURNIIDAE , . .ntTh: " ;."i ~=: y :!\ ;ilfi &4 >
16. Aglia tau (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 3a, 3b, 3c, 3g, 4a, 4f, 4 h, 6a, 6b, 6e, M Fagus, Carpynu s,
6f, 7a Corylus, Betul a, Quercus
17 . Satu mia pyri 3b, 3h,4a,4f,4g,4h, 5, 6e, 6f, 7a, M Pirus, Malus, Fraxi nus
(DEN IS & SCHI FFERMULLER, 1775) 7b, 7d, 7e excelsior, Prunus spinosa
18. Satumi a pavon ia (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 3b,3 h,4a,4c, 4f,4g,4h,5,6b,6e, M Ru bus, Prunu s
6f,6g, 7a, 7b, 7d, 7e spinosa,C rataegus
~ -. ~- - ' -- .. - "
SPHINGIDAE ,,., 'A '~ c.L'!l.
19. Marumba quercus 4d,4e M Quercus sp.
(DEN IS & SCHI FFERMULLER, 1775)
20 . M imas tili ae (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 2a, 3a, 3b, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, Mh Tilia, Salix, Quercus,
4c,4d,4f, 4g,6b,6e,6f, 7a, 7b, 7e Ulmus, Alnus
21. Smerinthu s ocellata (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 3a,3b, 3d, 3e,3f,3g, 3h,4a,4b,4c, M Sal icaceae, Rosaceae
4d,4f,4g,4h, 5, 6a, 6b, 6e, 6f, 7a,
7b, 7c, 7d, 7e
22 . Laothoe popul i (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 3a,3b, 3d,3e,3f,3g,3h,4a,4b,4c, Mh Sa licaceae
4d , 4~ 4g,4 h , 5,6a, 6b, 6f, 7a, 7b,
7c,7d, 7e
23. Agrius convolvuli (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3a,3b,3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b. 4c, Xt Convolvulus arvensis
4d, 4f, 4g, 4 h, 5. 6a, 6b. 6e, 6f. 7a.
7b, 7c. 7d,7e
121
.. ..
Nr~A ., r~ , ~
~K-<
TAXA. SITES E.E. H.P.
.. Obs.
crt. ' " (.'
24. Acherontia atropos (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3h,4a,4d,4f, 6e Xt Solanum tuberosum
25. Hyloicus pinastri (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3a,3c M Pinaneae

26. Hemaris tityus (LINNAEUS, 1758) Id, 3d,3f,3h,4a,4b,4d , 4~4g,4h,5 Mt Succisa pratensis, Knautia
arvens1s
27. Hemaris fuciformis (LINNAEUS, 1758) Ic, 4a, M Various dicotyledonata
verbaceous plants
28 . Macroglossum stellatarum (LINNAEUS, I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Mx, Galium
1758) Mg
29. Proserpinus proserpina (PALLAS, 1772) 3g,3h Mh Epilobium, Oenothhera Rare species in
Hunedoara County
30. Hyles euphorbiae (LINNAEUS, 1758) la, 2a,3 , 4, 5, 6, 7 Mx Euphorbia sp.
31. Hyles livornica (ESPER, 1799) le, 3c, 3e, 3f Mt, Various dicotyledonata
Mg herbaceous plants
32 . Deilephila elpenor (LINNAEUS, 1758) la, 2a,3,4, 5,6, 7a, 7d M Epilobium, Galium
33 . Deilephila porcellus (LINNAEUS, 1758) la, lb, le, 2a, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 M Galium, Epi lobium
DREPANIDAE ~ " '-t"
34. Thyatira batis (LINNAEUS, 1758) 2a, 3a, 3b, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, M Rosaceae: Rubus
4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 6a, 6b, 6d, 6e,
6f, 7b, 7d, 7e
35 . Habrosyne pyritoides (HUFNAGEL, 1766) la, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4, M Rosaceae: Rubus
6a,6b,6d, 6e,6f, 7b, 7d , 7e
36. Tethea ocularis (LINNAEUS, 1767) 3a,3b,3e,3h,4c Mh Populus
37. Tethea or or (DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 3a,3b,3c,3cl, 3e, 3~3g,3h,4c Mh Salicaceae
1775)
38. Tetheella fluctuosa (HOBNER, 1803) 3a, 3b,3h Mh Betula, Salicaceae
39. Ochropacha duplaris (L!NNAEUS, 1761) 3a, 3e, 3h , 4c Mh Betula
40. Cymatophorima di Iuta 3e, 4f, 7a Mt Quercus
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775)
41. Polyploca riden s (FABRICIUS , 1787) 3e, 4f, 7a Mt Quercus
122
. - ,." . .
Nr. %'.
i,-,.
crt. ? TAXA SITES q E.E. zt'HP
'${
i0
. 11~: ~: Obs.
42. Asphalia ruficolli s 3b, 6e, 7a, 7e Mt Quercus

(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER , 1775)
43. Falcaria lacertinaria (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3b, 3~ 3~ 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4~ Mh Betulaceae
4g, 4h , 6a, 6e, 6f, 7a, 7e
44. Watsonalla binaria (HUFNAGEL, 1767) 3b,4c,6e, 7a Mt Fagaceae, Alnus
45. Drepana falcataria (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3b, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5, M Betulaceae, Fagus
6a,6e, 7a, 7e
46. Sabra harpagula (ESPER, 1786) 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, Mh Tilia, Alnus, Betula
4c,4d,4f,4g,4h, 5,6a, 6b, 7e
47 . Cilix glaucatus (SCOPOLI, 1767) 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, M Rosaceae
4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e,
6f,6g, 7a, 7d, 7e
< 4t '?: ' ii{"'
~
GEOMETRIDAE
48. Archiearis parthenias (LINNAEUS, 1761) 3h,4a,6e M Betul a Rare spec1es tn
Hunedoara County
49. Archiearis notha (HOBNER, 1803) 3b Mh Populus tremula Rare spec1es 111
Hun edoara County
50. Abraxas grossulariata (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4f, 4g, M Ribes, Euonymus, Prunus
4h,5,6a, 6b, 6d, 6e,6f, 7a spinosa, Corvlus avellana
51. Ie, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4f, 4g, 4a, M Salix caprea
Lomaspilis marginala (LI NNAEUS, 1758)
6a, 6e,6f, 7a, 7d, 7e
52. 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4f, 4g, Mh Ul mu s
Calospylos sylvatus (SCOPOLI, 1763)
4h,5,6a,6e, 6f, 7a, 7e
53 . Ligdia adustata 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, M Euonymu s verrucosus
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER , 1775) 4f,4g,4h, 6a, 6e, 6f, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7e
54. Stegania dilectaria (HOBNER, 1790) 3a,3e Mh Salicaceae
55 . Ic, 2, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, M V arious deciduous trees
Macaria notata (LINNAEUS , 1758) 4c, 4d, 4f, 4g, 4h, 6a, 6e, 6f, 7a, 7b.
7c, 7e
56. Macaria alternata Ic, 2, 3a, 3b, 3c. 3e. 3f. 3g. 4a..fa. :\1 Salix caprea. Quercus.
(DENIS & SCHIFFERM OLLER, 1775 ) 4c, 4d, 4f. 4g. 4h. 6a. 6e. 6f. 7a 7b Alnus, Prunus padus
123
- .
I Nr. ~
" .,
TAXA ~ i
" "'
' SITES ~ ' ..

E.E. H.P. Obs.
. crt. ~
ii! ""
57 . la, lb, le, 3b, 3c, 3d M Picea abies

Macaria signaria (HOBNER, 1809)
58. Macaria liturata (CLERCK, 1759) lb, 3d,4a,6a,6g, 7d, M Pinaceae
59. 3b, 3c, 3e, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4f, 5, M Fabaceae
Chiasmia clathrata (LINNAEUS, 1758)
6a,6e, 7b, 7c, 7d , 7e
60. Heliommata glarearia 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4c, 6a, 6b, 6e, 7b, 7c, Mxt Fabaceae
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) 7d, 7e
61. Tephrina arenacearia 3b, 3e, 3g, 3h, 4a,4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4~ Mxt Fabaceae
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) 4g,4h, 5, 6b, 6c, 6e
62. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4f, 4h , 5, M Pteridium aquilinium Rare spec1es m
Petrophora chlorosata (SCOPOLI, 1763)
6a, 6b,6c, 7a, 7e Hunedoara County
63 . 3e, 3f, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4f, 4h, 6a, 6e, M Quercus, Betula, Salix
Plagodis pulveraria (LINNAEUS, 1758)
7a, 7d
64 . 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h , 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, M Quercus, Betula, Salix
Plagodis dolabraria (LINNAEUS, 1767) 4f, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, 6d, 6e, 6f, 7a, 7b,
7c, 7d , 7e
65. 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, M Deciduous trees and
Opistograptis luteolata (LINNAEUS, 1758) 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, Crataegus, Prunus
6d, 6e, 6f, 7a, 7d , 7e
66. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, Mh Sal ix
Epione repandaria (HUFNAGEL, 1767) 4f, 4g, 4h, 6a, 6d, 6e, 6f, 6g, 7a, 7b,
7c, 7d, 7e
67 . Pseudopanthera macularia (LINNAEUS, la, lb, Ic, 2a, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 M Lamiaceae
1758)
68 . 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 6a, 6b, Mt Shrubs and herbaceous
Hypoxistis pluviaria (FABRICIUS, 1787)
6e, plants
69 . Therapis flavicaria 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h , 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, Mt Labiatae
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER , 1775) 6e, 6f, 7a, 7e
70. 3e, 3f, 3g Mt Deciduous trees and Rare spec1es 111
Apeira syringaria (LINNAEUS, 1758) bushes as Lonicera and Hunedoara County
Ligustrum
124
Nr. ' 8;
"
crt. ' TAXA SITES E.E. H.P.
. '*
~ Obs.
71. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, M Many deciduous trees
Ennomos autumnaria (WERNEBURG, 1859)
4c,4f,4g,4h, 6a, 6e, 7a, 7e
72. 3e,3h,4a,4b,4f, 4h, 7a Mt Fagaceae, especially
Ennomos quercinaria (HUFNAGEL, 1767)
Quercus
73. 3c, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, M Deciduous trees
Ennomos alniaria (LINNAEUS, 1758)
4g, 4h, 6a, 6e, 7a
74. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, M Fraxinus
Ennomos fuscantaria (STEPHENS, 1809)
4f,4g,4h, 5, 6a, 6b,6c, 6d, 6e, 6f, 7a
75. Ennomos erosaria 3b,3e,3g M Quercus, Tilia, Betula
(DENIS & SCHIFFERM OLLER, 1775)
76. Selenia dentaria (FABRICIUS , 1775) 3,4,5,6, 7 M Various deciduous trees
77. 3, 4,5,6, 7 M Deciduous trees
Selenia lunularia (HOBNER, 1788)
especially Quercus
78. 3,4,5,6, 7 M Deciduous trees
Selenia tetralunaria (HUFNAGEL, 1767)
especially Quercus
79. Odontopera bidentata bidentata I a, I b, 1c, Id, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 4a, M Deciduous trees and
(CLERCK, 1759) 4d,6a coniferous trees
80. Artiora evonymaria 3~ 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4~ Mt Euonymus europaea
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) 6a, 7a
8 1. 3g M Crataegus, Prunus Rare spec1es ID
Crocalis tusciaria (BORKHAUSEN, 1793)
spinosa, Ulmus Hunedoara County
82. 2a, 3; 4a,4b,4c,4d, 4e, 4f,4g, 4h , 5, M Deciduous trees and
6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6f, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, bushes
Crocalis elinguaria (LINNAEUS, 1758)
7e
83. 2a, 3, 4, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6f, 7a, M Various deciduous trees
Ourapteryx sambucaria (LINNAEUS, 1758)
7b, 7c, 7d, 7e and shrubs
84. 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d , 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h. 4a. M Various deciduous trees
4b, 4c, 4d , 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h. 5, 6a, 6b. and shrubs
Colotois pennaria (LINNAEUS, 1761)
6c, 6d, 6e,6f, 7a. 7b. 7c. 7d. 7e
I
125
Nr. -- ..,
- ~
'.
TAXA ~( SITES E.E. H.P. Obs.
crt. '
J '
85. 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, M Deciduous trees and
A ngerona prunari a (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 4 b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, herbaceous plants
6c,6d, 6e,6f, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e
86. Apoc heima hispi dari um 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, Mt Quercus
(DEN IS & SCHI FFERMU LLER, 1775) 6e, 7a
87. Lyc ia hirtari a hirtari a (CLERCK, 1759) 3b, 3e,3g,4a, 6e, 7a, 7e M Various dec iduous trees
88. Lycia zonaria zonari a 3b,4f M Herbaceous plants and Rare spec1es m
(DENIS & SCH IFFERMULLER, 1775) Sal ix Hu nedoara Coun ty
89. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4f, M Various dec iduous trees
Bi ston stratari a strataria (H UFNAGEL, 1767)
7a
90. B iston betul aria betul aria (LI NNAEUS, l e, 3,4, 5, 6, 7 M Various dec iduous trees
1758)
9 1. Lareranni s leucophaearia 3a, 3b, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4 b, 4c, 4f, 4 h, 6a, M Decid uous trees,
(DEN IS & SCH IFFERMOLLER, 1775) 6e, 7a espec iall y Quercus
92. Lareranni s baj aria bajaria 3b, 3c, 3e, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, M Various deciduous trees
(D EN IS & SCHI FFERMOLLER, 1775) 4f,4h, 6a,6b,6e, 7a
93 . 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4c, 4d, Mt Quercus, Betul a,
Lareranni s aurantiaria (H OBNER, 1799) 4~4g,4h,6a,6d,6e, 7a, 7b, 7e Euonymus, Prunus,
Corylus
94. Eranni s defoliaria (CLERCK, 1759) 3, 4, 5,6, 7 M V arious deciduous trees
95. Peri batodes rhomboidaria rhomboidaria 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, M Deciduous trees and
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) 4d,4e,4h,6a,6e, 6f, 7a, 7b shrubs
96. Peri batodes secundaria secund aria la, lb, le, ld, l e, 3d M P inaceae
(DEN IS & SCH IFFERMOLLER, 1775)
97: C leora ci nctari a lc, 2a, 3,4,5,6, 7 M Decidu ous trees and
(DEN IS & SCH IFFERMOLLER, 1775) herbaceous plants
98 . I a, l b, Ic, 1d, 2a, 3a, 3c, 3d, 4a, 6a M Pinaceae and decidu ous
Deilepten ia ribeata (CLERCK, 1759)
trees
99. Alcis repandata repand ata (LINNAEUS, le, 2a, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 M Dec iduous trees and
175 8) herbaceous plants
126
Nr.
crt.
100. Alcis macul ata bastelbergeri (HIRSCHKE, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3g, 4a, 6e, 6f, 7a, 7b, Mh Deciduous trees and
1908) 7d, 7e herbaceous plants
IOI. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c,4d, M Deciduous trees,
Hypo mecis punctinalis (SCOPOLI, 1763)
4e,4f, 6a, 6b,6e, 6f, 7a, 7b espec iall y Quercu s
102. H ypomecis roboraria (DENIS & 3b, 3e, 3h,4a,6e, 7a M Quercus R are spec1es ln
SCH IFFERM OLLER, 1775) Hunedoara County
103. Cleorodes lichenaria lichenaria Ic, 6e M Li chens
(H UFNAGEL, 1767)
104. Fagivorina arenaria (HUFNAGEL, I 767) 3e M Lichens
105. Ascoti s se len ari a se lenaria 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, M Dec iduous trees and
(DEN IS & SCH IFFERMOLLER, I 775 ) 4c, 4d,4e, 4f, 4g, 4h , 6e, 7a shrubs
106. Ectropis crepuscu laria l c,2,3,4,5,6, 7 M Dec idu ous trees ,
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) especiall y Betula, Salix
107. Ematurga atomari a atomaria (LINNAEUS, I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 M Carex, Centaurea,
1758) Solidago Trifolium
108. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h,4, 5, 6a, 6b, 6d, M Deciduous trees and
Cabera pusaria (LINNAEUS, I 758)
6e, 6f, 7a, 7d shrubs
109. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3~ 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4g, M Salicaceae
Cabera exanthemata (SCOPOLI , I 763 )
6a, 6b, 7b, 7c, 7d , 7e,
110. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, M Crataegus monogyna,
Lomographa bi maculata (Fabricius, I 775 )
4d,4f,4g,4h , 5, 6, 7a, 7b Prunus spinosa
111. Theria rupicapraria (DENIS & 3h, 4a, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, 6e, 6f, 6g, M Crataegus monogyn a,
SCHIFFERMOLLER, I 775) 7a, 7d, 7e Prunus spinosa
112. 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, M Variou s deciduou s trees
Campaea margaritata (LI NNAEUS, 1767)
4f, 6a, 6e, 6f, 7a, 7b, 7d , 7e
113. Hylaea fasciaria fasciaria (LI NNAEUS, 1, 2a, 3c, 3d, 4a, 6a M Pinaceae
1758)
114. Puengeleria capreolaria Id M Pinaceae
(DEN IS & SCHIFFERM OLLER, 1775)
115 . Gnophos obfuscatus obfuscatus
(DENIS & SCHI FFERMOLLER , 1775)
Id
I ~1t .\loorland plants such as
CaJluna and Saxifra!!a
127
. ..
Nr. , Obs.
TAXA {J<V-' SITES E.E. H.P. c,
crt. '~
116. Charissa pullata pullata ld Xt Herbaceous plants

117 . Charissa glaucinaria glaucinaria Id Xt Herbaceous plants
(HOBNER, 1799)
118 . Elophos vittarius mendicarius Id Xt Herbaceaous plants
(HERRICH-SCHFFER, 1852)
119 . Psodos canaliculata schwingenschussi Id M Herbaceaous plants In the subalpine belt of
(WEHRLI , 1921) the Retezat Mountains
120. Psodos coracina dioszeghyi ld M Betula nana, Empetrum Carpathian endemite
(SCHMIDT, 1930) nigrum
121. le, 2a,3,4,5,6, 7 M Herbaceous plants
Siona lineata (SCOPOLI, 1763)
122. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h , 4a, 4b, M Calluna, Erica, Cyti sus
Perconia strigillaria (HOBNER, 1787)
4c, 4f, 4h, 6a, 6e scoparius
123. Ic, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, M Variou s deciduous trees
Alsophila aescularia aescularia
4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4~ 4h, 6b, 6e, 7~
7e
124. Al sophila aceraria 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4f, 6e, 7a M Deciduou s trees
125 . 3e, 3g Xt Marrubium peregrinum Rare spec1es 10
Orthostixis cribraria (HOBNER, 1899)
Hunedoara County
126. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, M Ononis spi nosa
Aplasta ononaria ononaria
4e,4f,4g,4h,5,6b,6e
(FUESSLY, 1783)
127. 3a, 3b, 3~ 3~ 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4~ M Fabaceae
Pseudoterpna pruinata (HUFNAGEL, 1767)
4g,4h,6a, 6b, 6d,6e, 6f, 7e
128. Geometra papilionaria (LINNAEUS, 1758) 2a,4a, 4c, 6e M Deciduous trees
129. 3e,3h Mt Quercus
Cornibaena baju laria
128
Nr.
crt.
130. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4f, 6b, M Asteraceae
Antonechloris smaragdaria
6e, 7a
(FABRICIUS, 1787)
131. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, M Deciduous trees and
Hemithea aestivaria (HOBNER, 1799)
4c, 4d, 4f, 6a, 6e, 7a, 7b shrubs
132. Chlorissa viridata viridata 3a, 3b,3e,4a,4b,4c,4d, 4f,6e, 7e M Calluna, Betula
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
133. 3c, 3e, 3f, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4f, 4g, M Herbaceous plants
Chlorissa cloraria (HOB NER, 1813)
6a,6d,6e, 7a, 7d
134. Chlorissa pulmentaria GUENEE, 1857 3a,3e,3h,4a,4b,4c,4d, 6a, 7e M Herbaceous plants
135 . Thalera fimbriali s fimbrialis 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4c, M Achillea
(SCOPOLI , 1763) 4d, 4f, 6e
136. 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4f, 4h, 6a, Mt Clematis
Hemi stola chrysoprasaria (ESPER, 1794)
6d,6e, 7a, 7e
137. Ic, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, Mt Deciduous trees and
Jodi s lactearia (LINNAEUS, 1758)
4b,4c,4d,4f,4h,6e shrubs
138. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4f, 6a, Mt Aceraceae
Cyclophora annularia (FABRICIUS, 1775)
6e
139. Cyclophora albipunctata Ic, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, Mt Betula
(HUFNAGEL, 1767) 4c,4d,4e,4g, 4h,5,6b,6c, 6e, 7a
140. Cyclophora porata (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3b,3e,3h,6e, 7a Mt Quercus
14 1. Cyclophora punctaria (LiNNAEUS, 1758) 3a, 3e,3h,4a,4c,4f,6e, 7a Mt Quercus
142. Cyclophora lineari a (HOBNER, 1799) 2a,3,4,5,6, 7 M Fagaceae
143. le, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, Mt Polygonaceae
Timandra comae A. SCHMIDT, 1931
4b,4c,4d,4f,5,6a,6c,6d,6e, 7e
144. le, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h , 4a, 4b, Mt Dicotyledonata
Scopula immorata (LINNAEUS, 1758) 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, 6e, herbaceous plants
7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e
145.
Scopula nemoraria (H OBNER, 1799)
3f, 3h M Iherbaceous
Dicotyledonata
plant.s and
trees
129
I
Nr.
TAXA SITES E.E. H.P. Ob-s. !
crt.
146. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4h, Mxt Dicoty ledonata
Scapula nigropunctata (HUFNAGEL, 1767)
5,6a, 6e, 7d herbaceous plants
147. Ic, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, Mt Thymus, Origanum,
Scapula ornata (SCOPOLI, 1763) 4b, 4c, 4d , 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, Mentha, Rumex , Veronica
6c, 6d,6e, 7a, 7d, 7e
148. 1a, 3a, 3b, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, Xt Taraxacum, Polygonum,
Scapula rubiginata (HUFNAGEL, 1767)
4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, Thymus, Lotus
6d, 6e, 7a 7d, 7e
149. la, 3a, 3b, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, Xt Herbaceous plants as
Scopu la marginepunctata (GOEZE, 1781) 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, Achillea, Artemisia
6d, 6e, 7a 7e
150. Scapula incanata (LlNNAEUS , 1758) 3a,3e,3g Xt Herbaceous plants
151. Scapula ternata (SCHRA NK, 1802) la, 2a M Vaccinium, Calluna
152. Scapula flaccidaria (ZELLER, 1852) 3a, 3g Mt Herbaceous plants
153. I a, lb, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, Xt Withered leaves of
ldaea ochrata (SCOPOLI, 1763) 4a, 4c, 4f, 4g, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d , 6e, herbaceous plants
7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e
154. Idaea aureolaria 3e, 3f,3g, 3h M dicotyledonata
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) herbaceous plants
155. 2a, M Withered leaves of
Idaea muricata (HUFNAGEL, 1767)
herbaceous plants
156. Idaea vulpinaria (HERRICH-SCHFFER, 3a, 3g, 4a,4c M Withered leaves of
1767) herbaceous plants
157. Idaea moniliata 3g M Withered leaves of
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) herbaceous plants
158. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, M Withered leaves of
Idaea biselata (HUFNAGEL, 1767)
4d, 4e, 4g,6a,6e, 7a, 7d , 7e herbaceous plants
159. la, le, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h , M Deciduous trees and
Idaea trigeminata (HA WORTH, 1809)
4a,4b,4c, 6a herbaceous plants
160. 3b, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4c, 4d, 4e, M Lichenes
ldaea seriata (SCHRANK, 1802)
5, 7d
130
Nr.
TAXA - SITES E.E. H.P. Obs.
crt.
161. 3a,3e,3g,4a,4d,4f,6e, 7e M Deciduous trees, shrubs
Idaea dimidiata (HUFNAGEL, 1767) and herbaceous plants
162. Idaea pallidata 3b,3g M Herbaceous plants

163. 3a, 3e, 3~ 3g, 3h, 4~ 4b, 4c, 4d, 4~ M Deciduous trees, shrubs
Idaea emarginata (LINNAEUS , 1758)
6a, 6d, 7a, 7e and herbaceous plants
164. I a, 1b, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, M Withered leaves of
ldaea aversata aversata (LI NNAEUS , 1758
3h,4a,4c,4f,4h, 6b,6e, 7b, 7d herbaceous plants
165. 3a,3b, 3g,4a, 7a M Withered Jeaves of
ldaea degeneraria (HOBNER, 1799)
herbaceous plants
166. 3a, 3d,3e,3f M Withered Jeaves of
ldaea straminata (BORKHAUSEN, 1794)
herbaceous plants
167. Rhodostrophia vibicaria (CLERCK, 1759) 3, 4,5,6, 7 M Fabaceae
168. Lythria purpurata purpurata 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, M Polygonaceae
(LINNAEUS, 1758) 6a
169 . Cataclysme riguata (HOBNER, 1813) 3e, 3g M Rubiaceae: Galium
170. Phybalapteryx virgata (H OBNER, 1767) 3a, 3h Mxt Rubiaceae: Galium
171. Scotopteryx moeniata (SCOPOLI , 1763) 2a, 3a, 3d,4a, 4c M xt Geni sta
172. Scotopteryx bipunctaria 2a,3a, 3e, 4c M xt Trifolium
173 . Scotopteryx chenopodiata (LINNAEUS, Ic, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g,4, 5, M Fabaceae
1758) 6a,6e, 7a, 7d, 7e
174. Ic, 3a, 3b, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, M Fabaceae
Scotopteryx luridata (HUFNAGEL, 1767)
4c, 4g, 4h, 6a, 6e,7e
175 . Ic, 3a, 3d, 3e, 3f, 4a, 4b,4c, 4f, 4g, M Impati e ns noli-tangere
Xanthorhoe biriviata (BORKHAUSEN,
6b, 6c
1794)
176. Ic, 3, 4,5,6a, 6e, 7e M Brassicaceae

Xa nth orhoe designata (HUFNAGEL, 1767)
131
.
Nr.
TAXA SITES E.E. H.P. Obs. :
crt. +. iii
177. Xanthorhoe spadicearia le, 3a, 3g, 4d, 5, Mxt Vaccinium

(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775)
178. la, lb, le , Id, le, lf, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, M Rubiaceae: Galium
Xanthorhoe ferrugata (CLERCK, 1759) 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e,
4f, 4g, 4h , 5,6a,6b, 6d,6e, 7a, 7e
179. l , 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, M Herbaceous plants
Xanthorhoe montanata
4~ 4b, 4c, 4d, 4~ 4g, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c,
(DENIS & SCHI FFERMULLER, 1775)
6d,6e,6f
180. 1, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, M Brass icaceae
Xanthorhoe fluctuata fluctuata
4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4g, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, (Cruciferrae)
(L! NNAEUS, 1758)
6d,6e,6f, 7a, 7b, 7c , 7d, 7e
181. Catarhoe rubidata 3a,3b,3g M Rubi aceae: Galium
(DEN IS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775)
182 . Ic, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3h, 4a, 4b, M Rubi aceae: Galium
Catarhoe cucuiata (H UFNAGEL, 1767) 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d,
6e,6f, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e
183 . Epirrhoe tristata (LI NNAEUS , 1758) 3a,3e,3g Mt Rubi aceae: Galium
184. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, Mht Rubi aceae: Galium
Epirrhoe alternata (0.F. MULLER, 1764)
4d, 4e,4f,4g,4h,5,6a,6f, 7a, 7d
185. Epirrhoe rivala (HOBNER, 1813) 3a, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3g,4a,4b Mht Rubiaceae: Galium
186. Epirrhoe gali ata 3a, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3g, 4a, 4b,4d, 4e, 4~ Mxt Rubi aceae: Galium
(DEN IS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) 4h , 5, 6a,6b, 6c, 6d
187. Costaconvexa polygrammata 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, Mt Rubi aceae: Galium
(BORKHAUSEN , 1794) 4d, 4e, 4f, 6a,7a
188. Camptogramma bilineatum (LINNAEUS, la, lb, 2a, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 M Herbaceous plants
1758)
189. 1d, 3a Mxt Sax ifraga
Entephria flavicinctata (HOBNER, 1813)
190. Entephria caesiata caesiata l , 2a, M Salix, Vaccinium
13 2
Nr.
crt.
191. Anticlea badiata 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h , 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, M Rosaceae
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) 4e,4f,4g,5,6a,6e, 7a
192. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h , 4a, 4b, 4c, Mh Rosaceae
Mesoleuca albicillata (LINNAEUS, 1758) 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6e, 7a,
7b
193 . Pe lurga comitala (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3,4, 5,6a,6e, 7e M Herbaceous plants
194. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, M, Chenopodium, Atriplex
Cosmorhoe ocellata (LIN NAEUS, 1758)
4e,4f, 4g,5 , 6a, 6b, 6c,6e, 7a, 7b, 7c Mh
195 . Nebula salicata salicata (H OBNER, 1799) 3a M Rubi aceae: Galium
196. Nebula tophaceata 3a, 3c, 3d M Herbaceous plants
197. Nebula nebulata (TREITSCHKE, 1825) Id Mxt Rubiaceae: Galium
198. 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, M Ribes
Eulithis prunata (LINNAEUS, 1758)
4g,5,6a,6b,6c, 6e, 7a, 7b
199. Eulithis populata (LlN NAEUS, 1758) la, lb, le, Id , 3c, 3g M Vaccinium myrti llus
200. Eulithis pyraliata (DENIS & 3a, 3b,3e, 3g M Galium sp.
SCHIFFERMULLER , 1775)
201. Ic, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h , Mh Epilobium, Impatiens
Ecliptopera silaceata
4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4f, 5,6b, 6d, 6e, 6f, 7a,
7b, 7c, 7d, 7e
202. Ecliptopera capitata 3a, 3b, 3c, 3h, 4c, 4d, 4f, 5, 6b, 6d , Mh Impatiens noli-tangere
(HERRICH-SCHFFER , 1839) 6e, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e
203. 3a, 3c, 3d, 3e,3f, 3g M Deciduous trees ,
Chloroclysta siterata (HUFNAGEL, 1767)
especially Quercus
204 . Chloroclysta citrata citrata (LlNNAEUS, 1, 2a M Vaccinium, Aster, Salix
1761)
205. Chloroclysta (Dysstroma) truncata truncata I, 2a ~l Herbaceous plants and
(H UFNAGEL, 1767) trees
206. Ci daria ful vata (FORSTER, 1771) 3a, 3d,3e,3f,4c,4d.4f,5.6b.6d. 6e \1 Rosaceae
207. Plemyria rubiginata 3a, 3c, 3d, 3f, 4c. 4d. -H. 5. 6b. 6d. \lh Prunus spinosa.
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) 6e, 6f. 7a, 7b. 7c. 7d. 7e. Cratae~s . Alnus
133
Nr.
crt.
~ ""'!'! , '"" ' Jf
208. Thera obeliscata (HOBNER, 1787) 1, 2, 3c, 3d M Pinaceae
209. Thera variata l, 2a, 3c, 3d M Pinaceae
210. Eustroma reticulata 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g,3h Mh Impatiens noli-tangere
211. l c, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, Mh Tilia, Sorbus, Prunus,
Electrophaes corylata corylata
4d,4h,6a,6c, 6e, 7a, 7e Crataegus, Betula,
(THUNBERG, 1792)
Corylus
212. Colostygia olivata la, lb, le, le, lf, 3a, 3c M Galium
213. Colostygia lineolata lineolata 2a Mx Herbaceous plants
(FABRICIUS , 1794)
214. Colostygia pectinataria (KNOCH, 1781) 3a, 3b,3e, 3f,3g,4a,4b M Galium
215. Hydriomena furcata (THUNBERG, 1784) 2a, 3a,3c,3e Mh Salix, Vaccinium, Calluna
216. Hydriomena impluviata impluviata I a, lb, le Mh Alnus, Salix, Betula,
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) Populus
217 . Horisme vitalbata 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4f, Mt Clematis sp.
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) 4g,5,6c,6e, 7e
218 . Horisme tersata 3a,3b, 3e, 3f,3h,4a,4b,4c,4d,5, 7d Mt Clematis
219. 3g Mt Clematis Rare spec1es m
Horisme corticala (TREITSCHKE, 1835)
Hunedoara County
220. Melanthia procellata 3,4,5,6 M Clematis
221. Spargania luctuata 3c M Epilobium angustifolium
222. Rheumaptera hastata hastata (LINNAEUS, 3a, 3b, 3c M Vaccinium myrtilus
1758)
223. Triphosa sabaudiata (DUPONCHEL, 1830) 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g M Rhamnus, Alnus
224. Triphosa dubitata dubitata (LlNNAEUS, 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4c M Rhamnus, Prunus
1758)
134
Nr.
crt.
225. Philereme transversata transversata 3a, 3g Mt Rh amnus
(HUFNAGEL, 1767)
226. Euphyia biangulata (HA WORTH, 1809) 3g M Alsine, Stellaria
227. Euphyia frustata frustata (TREITSCHKE, 3a,3h Mx Stellaria, Galium
1828)
228. Euphyia scripturata (HOBNER, 1799) 3a, 3e, 3f Mx Stellaria, Gallium
229. Epirrita autumnala autumnata 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, M Deciduous trees and
(BORKHAUSEN, 1794) 5,6a,6b,6e shrubs
230. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h M Deciduous trees and
Operophtera brummata (LINNAEUS, 1758)
shrubs
231. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4b, 4c, M Seed capsules and flowers
Perizoma alchemillata (LINNAEUS, 1758)
4d of Lamium, Galeopsis
232. Perizoma albulata albulata (DENIS & 3e, 3f, 3g Mh Rhinanthus (flowers and
SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) seeds)
233. Perizoma flavofasciata (THUNBERG, 1792) 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g,3h Mh Seed-pods of Silene
234. Perizoma verberata (SCOPOLI, 1763) 1 M Herbaceous plants
235. 3a Mh A wide variety of trees,
Mesotype parallelolineata (RETZIUS, 1783)
shrubs and low plants
236. Eupithecia haworthiata (DOUBLEDAY, 3e, 3h Mt Clematis vitalba (flower -
1856) buds)
237. Eupithecia abietaria (GOEZE, 1781) 3a,3d M Pinaceae
238. Eupithecia linariata (DENIS & 3a, 3b, 3f, 3g, 3h M Linaria (flowers and
SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) seeds)
239. Eupithecia insigniata (HOBNER, 1790) 3h M Crataegus monogyna
240. Eupithecia centaureata 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 6e M Fl owers of herbaceous
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) pl ants
241. Calliclystis rectan gulata (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3c M Herbaceous plants
242 . Aplocera plagiata plagiata (LINNAEUS, 3a, 3b, 3c. 3d. 3e. 3f. 3g. 3h . .fa. 4b, I M I Hypericum ssp.
1758) 4c,5 ,6
2-t.3. Aplocera praeformata (HOBNER, 1826) 2a, 3a. 3b.3c.3d.3e.3f.3~.3h \I H~ pericum ssp.
24-t.. Lithostege farinata (HUFNAGEL, 1767) 3e. 3f. 3!! I \f Berberis \11lgaris
135
Nr.
TAXA
.
- SITES E.E. H.P. Obs.
crt. 'm 81fll,, .~jj ~ s
245. Venusia cambrica (C URTIS, 1839) 3c Mt Sorbus aucuparia
246. Asthena albulata (HUFNAGEL, 1767) 3a,3b,3e, 3f,3g, 4c M Coryllus avellana
247. Hyd re li a flammeolaria (HUFNAGEL, 1767) 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h Mh Acer, Alnus
248. Minoa murinata murinata (SCOPOLI, 1763) 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h M Euphorbia spp .
249. Lobophora halterata (HUFNAGEL, 1767) 3b, 3f, 3g, 3h M Populus
250. Trichopteryx carpinata (BORKHA USEN, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f,3g, 3h Mh Salix, Populus, Betula
1794)
251. 3f, 3g Mh Salix, Populus tremula
Pterapherapteryx sexalata (RETZI US, 1783)
THAUMETOPOEIDAE - ~
' . ' I:_
--
252. Thaumetopoea process1onea (LIN NAEUS, 3c M Quercus
175 8)
NOTODONTIDAE lll ~
253. Clostera curtula (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 2a, 3a, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4b, 4f, 4g, Mh Salicaceae, Tilia, Acer,
4h,6a,6b,6c, 6d,6f, 7d , 7e Betulaceae
254. Clostera pigra (HUFNAGEL, 1766) 2a, 3a, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4b, 4c, 4d, Mh Salicaceae
4f,4g,4h,6a,6b, 6d,6f, 7d, 7e
255 . CI os tera anachoreta (DEN IS & 3a, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4b, 4f, 4g, 4h, Mh Salicaceae
SCHIFFERM OLLER , 1775) 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6f, 7d, 7e
256. Clostera anastomosis (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3a, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4b, 4d, 4f, 4g, Mh Salicaceae
4h , 6a,6b, 6c,6d, 6f, 7b, 7d, 7e
257. Cerura vin ula (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 3a, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4b, 4d, 4f, 4g, Mh Salicaceae
4h,6a, 6b, 6c,6d, 6f, 7d , 7e
258. Cerura ermjnea (ESPER, 1783) 3a, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4b, 4d, 4f, 4g, Mh Salicaceae
4h, 6a, 6b,6c, 6d, 6f, 7d, 7e
259 . Furcul a furcula forficula FISCHER V. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4c, 4d, Mh Salicaceae, Betula,
W ALDHEIM, 1820 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h , 5, 6a, 6b, 6e, 6f, 7c, Fagaceae
7d, 7e
260. Furcula bifida bifida (BRAHM , 1787) 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4c, 4d, 4e, Mh Salicaceae
4f,4g,4h, 6a, 6b, 6e,6f, 7c, 7d, 7e
136
" .. " -
Nr.
crt. .,.
261. Dicranura ulmi 3b,4a,6d,6e Mh Ul mu s Rare spec1es Jn
(DEN IS & SCHIFFERM ULLER, 1775) Hunedoara County
262. Notodonta dromedariu s (LINNAEUS, 1758) Ic, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, M Betulaceae, Salix, Corylus
4a,
4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4~ 4g, 4h, 6b, 6e, 6~
7a, 7b
263. Notodonta torva (HOBNER, 1803) 3~ 3e, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4~ M Salicaceae, Betula, Fagus
4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d , 6e, 6f, 7a,
7b, 7d
264. Notodonta tritophu s tritophus 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, Mh Salicaceae, Betula
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d,
6e, 6f, 7a, 7b, 7d
265. Notodonta ziczac (L INNAEUS, 1758) 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, Mh Salicaceae
4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c,
6d,6e,6f, 7a, 7b, 7d
266 . Drymonia dodonaea 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, M Fagaceae, Betula
(DEN IS & SCHIFFERM ULLER, 1775 ) 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d,
6e, 6f, 7a, 7b, 7d, 7e
267. Drymonia ruficorni s grisea TURAT!, 1907 4f, 7a Mt Quercus
268 . Drymonia querna 7a Mt Quercus
(DENIS & SCHIFFERM ULLER, 1775)
269. Pheosia gnoma (CLERCK, 1759) 3a, 3d,3e,3f ,3g, 3h,4a,4b, 4c Mh Salicaceae, Betulaceae
270. Pheosia tremula (CLERCK, 1759) 2a Mh
271. Pterostoma palpina (CLERCK, 1759) Ic, 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, Mh Salicaceae, Tilia,
4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, 6b, Quercus, Alnus
6c,6d,6e,6f, 7a, 7b, 7d, 7e
272. Ptilophora plumigera (CLERCK, 1759) 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, M Fagus, Carpinu s, Salix ,
4d,4f,4h, 6a, 6b, 6e, 6f, 7a Betula
273 . Ptilodon capucina (LINNAEUS, 1758) 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, Mt Fagaceae, Corylaceae,
4d, 4f, 4g, 4h, 6a, 6b, 6e, 6f, 7a Betul aceae. Salicaceae
137
.
Nr. "
crt. '
274. Ptilodon cucullina 3a, 3e, 3f, 3h M Acer, Quercus, Ulmus

(DENIS & SCH IFFERMULLER, I 775)
275. Phalera bucephala (LINNAEUS, I 758) 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g,4,6, 7 M Dec iduous trees
276 . Phalera bucephaloides (OCHSEN HEIMER, 7a M Quercus pubescens Rare spec1es tn
1810) Hunedoara County
277. Peridea anceps (GOEZE, 1781) 3a, 3d, 3f, 4f, 7a Mt Quercus
278 . Stauropus fagi (LINNAEUS, 1758) 2a,3, 4,5,6, 7 M Fagaceae, Betul aceae,
Crataegus
279. Spatalia argen tina 3, 4, 5, 6a, 6b, 6d, 6e, 6f, 7a, 7b, 7d, Mt Fagaceae, Salicaceae
(DEN IS & SCH IFFERMULLER, 1775)
. . NOCTUIDAE . '" ' .
7e
"
,, w ::; '1\\ r '
280. 3b,3 h,6e Mt Various deciduous trees,

Moma alpiu m alpium (OSBECK, 1778)
especiall y Quercus
281. Acronicta tridens tridens (DENIS & Ic, 2a, 3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4f, 4g, 6a, Mt Various dec iduous trees
SCH IFFERMULLER, I 775) 6c, 6e, 7a, 7d, 7e
282 . 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4f, 6a, Mh Vari ous deciduous trees
Acronicta aceris aceris (LINNAEUS, 1758)
6e, 7a, 7b
283. Acronicta leporina leporina (LINNAEUS, le, 2a, 3, 4, 5, 6a, 6c, 6e, 6f, 7a, 7b, Mh Various dec iduous trees
1758) 7e
284. 3, 4a, 4c,4f, 4g,4h,6a,6e,6g, 7c, 7e M Vari ous deciduous trees Rare spec1es tn
Acronicta alni (LlNNAEUS, 1767)
Hunedoara County
285. Acronicta megacephala 2a,4c . Mh Salicaceae
286. Acronicta rumicis (LINNAEUS, 1758) 2a M Vari ous dec iduous trees
287. Hybo ma strigosa 3e,3f,3g, 3h,4a,4c Mh Shru bs: Ligustrum,
(DENIS & SCH IFFERMULLER, 1775) Sorbus, Rhamnu s
288. Ic, 2a, 3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4f, 4h, 6a, Mt Oleaceae
Craniophora ligustri (DENIS &
6e, 6f
SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775)
289 . Cryphi a fraudat ricu la 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4f, 4g, Xt Lichenes
(HOBNER, 1803) 4h,6a,6c,6e, 7d, 7e
138
J
Nr.
TAXA SITES E.E. H.P, Obs.
crt.
290. 3b,3h Xt Lichenes
Cryphia algae (FABRICIUS, 177 5)
291. 6e Xt Lichenes Rare spec1es 10
Cryphia muralis (FORSTER, 1771)
Hun edoara County
292. !dia calvaria 3a,4a,4b,4c,4d,4f, 6a,6e, 7a, 7e Mh Salicaceae
293. 3a,3b,3g,4a,4f, 7d M Withered leaves of
Paracolax tristali s (FABRICIUS, 1794)
herbaceous plants
294. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4f, 4h, M Withered leaves of
Herminia tarsicrin alis (KNOCH, 1782) 5,6e herbaceous plants
295. Quaramia grisealis 3a, 3b, 3f, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, M Withered Ieaves of
(DENIS & SCH!FFERMULLER, I 775) 5,6c, 6e, 6f, 7a, 7b, 7c herbaceous plants
296 . Polypogon tentacularia (L!NNAEUS, 1758) Ic, 3,4,5,6a,6e, 7c, 7d , 7e M Various herbaceous plants
297. 3~ 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4g, 6b, 6e, 6~ M Withered leaves of
Zanclognatha lun ali s (SCOPOL!, 1763)
6g, 7b, 7d, 7e various herbaceous plants
298. 3a, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, M Withered Ieaves of
Zanclognatha tarsipennalis (TREITSCHKE,
4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 6a, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6f, 7d, various herbaceous plants
1835)
7e
299. 3a3b3h M Withered leaves of
Zanclognatha zelleralis (WOCKE, 1850)
various herbaceous plants
300. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g,4a,4c,4d,4~ 6a, Mh Salicaceae
Catocala fraxini fraxini (LINNAEUS, I 758)
6f, 7e
30 I. 1c, 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, Mh Salicaceae
Catocala nupta nupta (LINNAEUS, I 767)
4d,4e,4f,4g,4h, 5,6a,6b,6c,6d,6e
302. Catocala elocata elocata (ESPER, 1787) 3b,3h, 4c Mh Salicaceae
303. 3h Mh Salicacae Rare spec1es 10
Catocala puerpera (GIORNA, 1791)
Hunedoara County
304. Catocala promissa promissa 3e,3g,4a,4f,7a Mxt Quercus
(DENIS & SCHIFFERM ULLER, I 775)
305. Catocala electa electa (V IEWEG, I 790) 3b, 3e, 3f.4a. 6a. 6e ~lh Salicaceae
139
..
Nr.
TAXA SITES E.E. H.P. Obs. ,1
crt.
306. Catocala hymenea 3g Mt Prunus
(DENIS & SCH!FFERMOLLER, 1775)
307. 2a Mt Quercus Rare spec1es tn
Catocala sponsa (Linnaeus, 1767)
Hunedoara County
308. Catocala fulminea fulminea (SCOPOLI, le, 3,4a,4b,4c,4f,4g,4h, 5, 6a, 6b, Mt Prunus , Crataegus
1763) 6c, 6e, 7a,7d
309. Minucia lunaris lunaris (DENIS & 3b,3g,4a,6e, 7a Mt Quercus
SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775)
310. 6e Xt Rubus, Salix Rare spec1es 111
Dysgonia algira (Li nnaeus, 1767)
Hunedoara County
311. 4b Xt Herbaceous plants, Very rare spec1es 111
Prodotis stolida (Fabricius, 1775)
Rubu s, Quercus Hunedoara County
312. Ic, 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, T Fabaceae
Lygephila pastinum (TREITSCHKE, 1826)
4e,4f,4g, 6a,6e, 7d
313. le, 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h,4a,4b,4c,4e, Mt Fabaceae
Lygephila vic iae (HOBNER, 1822)
4f,4g,6a,6e, 7d
314. Lygephila craccae 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4e, 4f, Xt Fabaceae
(DEN IS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) 4g, 6a, 6e
3 15 . Catephia alchymista T Quercus spp. Rare spec1es 111
(DENIS & SCHIFFERM OLLER, 1775) 3b,3e,3h,4a,4f Hunedoara County
316. 3b,3e,3f, 3g,3h, 4,5,6b,6e, 7d Mt Herbaceous plants Rare spec1es 111
Hunedoara County
Aedia funesta funesta (ESPER, 1766)
317. Tyta luctuosa 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, Xt Convolvulus arvensis
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) 4f,4g,4h,5,6a, 6e, 7e
318. Ic, 3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4f, 4g, 6a, 6b, Xt Herbaceous plants
Callistege mi (CLERCK, 1759)
6e, 6f, 7d, 7e
3 19. Euclidia glyphica (LlNNAEUS, 1758) 3a,3b, 3f, 3g, 3h,4, 5,6, 7 Mxt Fabaceae
320. Laspeyria flexula flexula Ic, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, M Cortical Iichens
140
Nr.
crt.
TAXA SITES E.E. H.P.
,.,
Obs.
321. Scolioptervx libatrix (LINNAEUS, I 758) la, lb, 2a,3 , 4, 5, 6, 7 M Salicaceae
322. Hypena proboscidali s (LINNAEUS , 1758) 2a, 3, 4,5, 6, 7 Mh Herbaceous plants
323 . Hypena rostrali s (LINNAEUS , 1758) Ic, 3a, 4a, 5, 6a, 7d, 7e M Herbaceous plants
324. H ypena obesal is (TREITSCH KE, 1829) Ic, Id, 2a Mh Urtica, Larniurn
325. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4d, 4f, 6a, 6b, Mt Polygala spp.
Phytornetra viridaria (CLERCK, 1759)
6c,6d,6e, 7b, 7d, 7e
326. Rivula sericealis (SCOPOLI, 1763) 3a, 4f,6a, 6e, 7b, 7d, 7e M Poaceae
327. Colobochyla salicalis (DENIS & 3b, 3f, 6a Mh Salicaceae
328. Eutelia adulatrix (HOBNER, 1813) 3e, 3h,4d,4f, 4g, 4h , 5 Xt Anacardiaceae
329. Euchalcia variabili s (PILLER, 1783) le, 2a Mh Boraginaceae
330. Euchalcia rnodestoides (POOLE, I 989) 3, 4 , 5, 6a, 6b, 6c , 6d , 6f, 7b, 7d, 7e Mh Boraginaceae
331. Lamprotes c-aureurn c-aureum (KNOCH , 3e Mh Rare spec1es 111
332. Diachrysia chrysitis chrysitis 2a,3,4,5,6, 7 M Various herbaceous plants
(L!NNAEUS, 1758)
333. Diachrvsia tutti KOSTROWICKI, 1961 3e, 3f,5,6g, 7b, 7d, 7e M Various herbaceous plants
3~. Ic, 3, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 6a, 6c, 6e, 7b, Mh Various herbaceous plants
Diachrysia chryson chryson (ESPER, 1789) 7d, 7e as Eupatoriurn
cannabi num
: :.;
. - - ~1acdounnoughia confusa confusa le, 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h , 4, 5, 6a, 6b, M Various herbaceous plants
STEPHENS, 1850) 6c, 6d, 6f, 7e
. ~-
3a, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 5, 6a, Hg Variou s herbaceous plants
?::i5- ia festucae festucae (L!NNAEUS, 1758) 6f, 7e (Carex, Iris, Phragmites,
T yph a, Ali srna)
.. -- : ~pha gamma garnma (L!NNAEUS,
!.__ -: l, 2a,3 , 4,5 , 6, 7 Eu Various herbaceous plants
-~;,
-._-: - ~-!?.:l pu lchrina (HAWORTH, 1809) 2a, 3c,3d, 3d, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4e Mh Various herbaceous plants
- _: =-- q'"..J. i0la (LJ:-.;NAEUS, 1758) 3g Mh Various herbaceous plants
141
Nr. - d - ..
TAXA SITES E.E. H.P. .. - Obs.
crt.
340. Autographa bractea bractea (DENIS & ld Mh Various herbaceous plants
SCHIFFERMDLLER, 1775)
341. ld Mh Ericaceae In the mountainous belt
Syngrapha interrogationis interrogationi s
of Retezat and ureanu
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
Mts .
342. 3, 4c,4f, 7a, 7d, 7e M Urtica spp .
Abrostola tripartita (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
343 . Abrostola asclepiadis (DENIS & le, 3a, 3b, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, Mt Vincetoxicum
SCHIFFERMDLLER , 1775) 4f, 4g,4h , 5, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 7a, 7d, 7e hirundinaria
344. Abrostola triplasia (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3a,3b, 3c, 3d , 3h , 4, 5, 6, 7 M Urtica spp.
345. 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h , 4a, 4b, 4c , 4d , 4e, Mt Convolvulus
Emmelia trabealis (SCOPOLI, 1763)
4~4g, 5,6a, 6b , 6d , 6e , 7b, 7d, 7e
346. 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d , 4e, 4f, T Malva, Alth aea,
Aconti a lucida (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
4g, 4h, 5,6a, 6b, 6d, 6e, 7b, 7d, 7e Convo i vulus arvensis
347. Protodeltode pygarga (HUFNAGEL, 1766) 3g Mh Poaceae
348 . Deltode bankiana (FABRICI US, 1775) 3b Mh Poaceae
349. 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h , 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, Mh Herbaceous plants
Pseudeustrotia candidula candidula
4h, 5, 6b,
7e
350. 3a, 3b, 3~ 3~ 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4~ Mt Artemisia spp.
Cucullia fraudatrix (EVERSMANN, 1837)
4g,4h, 6b, 6e, 6f, 7b, 7c, 7e
351. Cucullia umbratica (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 2a, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Eu Herbaceous plants
352. Shargacucullia lychniti s (RAMB UR, 1833) 3a, 3e, 3f, 3h , 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4f, 4g, Mt Flowers of Verbascum
4h, 6~6b , 6c , 6d , 6e,6~7~7b , 7d spp.
353 . 3b,3h Mt Flowers ofVerbascum
Shargacucullia verbasci (LINNAEUS, 1758)
spp.
354. Shargacucullia prenanthi s (BOISDUVAL, 3h M Scrophulariaceae
1840)
355 . 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, Xt Linaria spp.
Calophasia lunula (H UFNAGEL, 1766) 4f, 4g, 4h, 6e, 7e
142
Nr.
crt. iii
356. A mohoipyra pyram idea (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 2a, 3,4,6, 7 M Vari ous dec idu ous trees
357 . 3a, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, M Vari ous deciduous trees
Amph ipyra berbera svenssoni 4f, 4g, 4 h, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6f, 7a,
(FLETC HER , 1968) 7b, 7d, 7e
358 . 3a, 3b, 3c, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4c, 4f, 4 h, 6a, Mh Vari ous deciduous trees
A mphipyra perfl ua (FAB RICIUS, 1787)
6e, 7a
359. 2a, 3a, 3c,3d,3e, 3f, 3g,4c,5, 6a M Dycoti ledonata
Amphi pyra tragopogin is (CLERCK, 1759)
herbaceous plants
360. Adamph ipyra livida 3a, 3e, 3~4a , 4b , 4c Mt Herbaceous plants
361 . Lamprosticta cu lta 3a,3 h,4d T Herbaceous pl ants Rare spec1es tn
(DENIS & SCHIFFERM OLLER, 1775) Hun edoara Countv
362. 3a, 3f, 3g, 3h, 6e M Deciduous trees
Asteroscopus sphi nx (H UFNAGEL, 1766)
363. 3b,3c,3d, 3e, 3f,3g,4a Mh Decisuous trees,
Asteroscopus nu becul osa (ESPER, 1785)
especiall y on Betul a soo.
364. Di loba caerul aeocephala (LI NNAEUS, 3,4,6e,6f, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d , 7e M Vari ous dec iduous trees
1758) and shrubs
365. E laohri a venu stul a (HOBNER, 1790) 3b, 3e, 3f,3 h, 4a, 4b,6e Mt Potentill a spp.
366. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d , Mt Cerastiu m spp.
Panemeria tenebrata (SCOPOLI, 1763)
4f, 6a, 6e, 7a, 7e
367. Protoschini a scutosa (DENIS & 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, Xt Herbaceous pl ants
SCH IFFERMOLLER , 1775) 4e, 4f, 4g,6e, 7e
368. Helioth is viriplaca vi ripl aca (H UFNAGEL, 3b, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4 b, 4c, 4f, 6a, 6e, T Vari ous herbaceous plants
1766) 7b, 7d, 7e
369. Helioth is peltigera 2a, 6e T Various herbaceous plants
(DEN IS & SCHI FFERMOLLER, 1775)
370. Helicoverpa armi gera (H OBNER, 1808) 3f, 3g, 6e T Various herbaceous olants
371. Pyrrhi a umbra (H UFNAGEL, 1766) 3, 4, 5, 6a, 6e, 7d , 7e M Vari ous herbaceous plants
372. Caradri na morpheus (H UFNAGEL, 1766) 3,4,5, 6a, 6e, 7d, 7e Mh Various herbaceous plants
143
- .
Nr.
crt.
;
""
373. 3e, 3f, 3h, 4c Xt Various herbaceous plants
Pl atypterigea kadenii (F'REYER, 1836)
374. Paradrina c!avipalpis (SCOPOLI, 1763) le, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Mt Poaceae
375 . Hoplodrina octogenaria (GOEZE, 1781) 3,4,5,6a,6b,6e, 7 M Various herbaceous plants
376. Hoplodrina blanda 2a, 3,4, 5,6, 7 M Various herbaceous plants
377. Hoplodrina superstes (OCHSENHEIMER, 3c, 3e, 3f, 7a, 7b, 7e Xt Various herbaceous plants
1816)
378. Hoplodrina respersa (DENIS & 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4c, 4f, 6a, 6e, Mt Various herbaceous plants
SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) 7b, 7d, 7e
379. Hoplodrina ambigua (DENIS & 3,4a, 4c,6a,6e, 7d, 7e Mt Various herbaceous plants
SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) as Rumex, Plantago
380. Charanycha trigrammica (HUFNAGEL, l c,3,4,5,6a,6e, 7 M Various herbaceous pl ants
1766)
38 1. Atypha pulmonari s (ESPER, 1790) 2a, 3a, 3b, 6a, 6e, 7d, 7e Mth Various herbaceous plants
382. Atethis gluteosa (TREITSCHKE, 1835) 3h Xt Various herbaceous plants
383. Dypterygia scabriuscul a (LINNAEUS, 3,4a,4c,4e,4g, 7d, 7e Mh Various herbaceous plants
1758)
384. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, M Various herbaceous plants
Ru sina tri stis (Retzius, 1783)
4c,4d,4e,4f,4g, 6e, 7a
385. Mormo maura (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3a,3b,3c,3f,3 h,6e Mh Various herbaceous plants
386. 3a, 3b, 3f, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4f, 6e, Xt Various herbaceous plants Rare spec1es In
Polyphaenis viridis (V ILLERS, 1789)
7e Hunedoara County
387. Thalpophila matura (HUFNAGEL, 1766) le, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 M Various grasses (Poaceae)
388. le, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6a, 6d, 6e, 6f, 7a, 7b, M Various dicotyledonata
Trachea atriplicis (LINNAEUS, 1758)
7d, 7e herbaceous plants
389. 2a,3,4,5,6a,6b,6e,7 Mh Various dicoty ledo nata
Euplexia lucipara (LINNAEUS, 1758)
herbaceous plants
390. 2a,3,4,5,6, 7 M Various dicotyledonata
Phl ogophora meticulosa (LINNAEUS, 1758)
herbaceous plants
144
Nr.
, ~ ~ .,.. , "!. -
crt.
391. 2a, 3a,3c, 3d,3e, 3f, 4b,4c,6e Mh Various dicotyledonata
Phlogophora scita (HOBNER, I 799)
herbaceous plants
392. Auchmis detersa (ESPER, 1787) 3a, 3d, 3e, 6e Xt Berberis vulgaris
393. 3,4,6b,6c Mt Various dicotyledonata
Actinotia polyodon (CLERCK, 1759)
herbaceous plants
394. Callopistria juventina (STOLL, 1782) 3,4b,4c,6b, 6c, 6d Mxt Pteridium aquilinum
395. 3f, 3h Xt Asplenium ceterach, Rare spec1es tn
Methorasa latreillei (DUPONCHEL, 1827)
Preridium aqui linum Hunedoara County
396. Eucarta amethystina (HOBNER, 1803) 3a,3b,3e,3f, 4a, 4b,4c, 5,6b,6c, 6d Th Umbelliferae
397 . Ipimorpha retusa (LlNNAEUS, 1761) 3b, 3e, 3f, 4a Mh Salix spp .
398. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, Mh Deciduous trees
Enargia paleacea (ESPER, I 788) 6a, 6e
399. Parastichtis ypsilon (DENIS & 3b Mh Deciduous trees

SCHIFFERMULLER, I 775)
400. Mesogona acetosellae (DENIS & le, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, Xt Deciduous trees
SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) 4g, 6a,6b, 6d , 6e, 7a, 7d , 7e
401. 3a, 3b, 3e, 3~ 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d , Mh Deciduous trees
Mesogona oxalina (HOBNER, I 803)
4g,6a, 6b, 6d,6e, 7a, 7d, 7e
402. Cosmia affinis (L INNAEUS, 1767) lc, 3,4, 5,6, 7 Mth Deciduous trees
403. Cosrnia pyralina 3,4,5, 6, 7 Mh Deciduous trees
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMDLLER, l 775)
404 . Cosmia trapezina (LINNAEUS, 1758) 2a,3,4,5,6, 7 M Dec iduous trees
405. Atethrnia centrago (HA WORTH , 1809) 3a, 3b,3e,3f, 3g,3h , 4a, 4b, 4c T Dec idu ous trees
406. Xanthia togata (ESPER , 1788) 2a,3,4, 5,6, 7 Mh Sa licaceae
407 . Tiliacea aurago 3,4,6, 7 M Dec iduous trees
408. Tiliacea su lphu rago (DENIS & 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Ylt Deciduous trees
SCHIFFERMULLER , I 775)
409. I a, 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b. 4c. 4d. Mh Salicaceae
Xanthia icterita (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
4f, 4g, 4h , 6a, 6e
145
.. .
Nr.
TAXA .
SITES E.E. H.P. Obs.
crt. 2
~
410. Xanthia gilvago 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4f, 4g, Mh Deciduous trees
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) 4h,6a,6e
41 l. I a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3g, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4f, Mh Salicaceae
Xanthia ocellaris (BORKHAUSEN , 1792)
4g,4h,6a, 6e, 7
412. Xanthia citrago (LINNAEUS , 1758) 3,4,6, 7 M Tilia spp.
413. Agrochola circellaris (HUFNAGEL, 1767) 3,4,5,6, 7 M Deciduous trees
414. Agrochola Iota (CLERCK, 1759) 3, 4,5,6, 7 Mh Salicaceae
415. Agrochola macilenta (HOBNER, 1809) 3, 4,5, 6, 7 M Deciduous trees
416. Agrochola nitida 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 - M Herbaceous plants and
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) shrubs
417. 3a,3d,3e,3f, 3g, 3h, 4a Mh Herbaceous plants,
Agrochola litura (LINNAEUS, 1758)
Quercus
418. Agrochola helvola (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3g Mt Deciduous trees
419 . Agrochola laevis (HOBNER, 1803) 3b,3h,4a T Deciduous trees
especial ly on Quercus
420. Eupsilia transversa (HUFNAGEL, 1766) la, Ic, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Eu Deciduous trees
421. Jodia croceago 3b, 3f,4a,4f, 6e, 7a Mt Quercus spp.
422. Canistra vaccinii (LINNAEUS, 1761) 3,4,5,6, 7 Eu Deciduous trees
423 . Canistra rubiginosa (SCOPOLI, 1763) 3,4, 5,6, 7 M
424. Canistra rubiginea 3, 4,5, 6, 7 M Deciduous trees
425. 3,4,5,6, 7 Mt Deciduous trees,
Dasycampa erythrocephala
especially on Quercus
spp.
426. 3a, 3d,3e,3f,3h, 4a,4b, 4c, 4d, 6e, Xt Herbaceous plants Rare spec1es In
Episema glaucina (ESPER, 1789)
7e Hunedoara County
427. Brachylomia viminali s (FABRICIUS , 1777) 3b, 3f, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, 7e Mh Salix spp.
428. 3,4,5,6, 7 M Deciduous trees,
Lithophane ornitopus (HUFNAGEL, 1766) especially on Quercus
spp.
146
Nr.
TAXA. SITES E.E. H.P. Obs.
crt. ~
429. 3f, 3h, 4a, 4f Mh Deciduous trees and

Xy lena vetusta (HOBNER, 18 13) shrubs, and herbaceous
plants
I
430. Xylena exoleta (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 4f M Herbaceous plants
43 1. Meganephri a bi rnacul osa (LI NNAEUS , 3a,3b, 6e T Deciduous trees Rare spec1es 111
432. 3,4,6, 7 Mx t Rosaceae (prunus spinosa,
All ophyes oxyacanthae (LINNAEUS , 1758)
Crataegus rnonogyna)
433 . Valeri a oleagina 3b, 3f, 3h, 4a, 4f Mxt Various shrubs as Prunus
(DEN IS & SCHI FFERMULLER, 1775) spp. , Crataegus rnonogyna
434 . Dichonia convergens 3a, 3b, 3e, 3h Xt Quercus Rare spec1es 111
(DEN IS & SCHIFFERM OLLER, 1775) Hunedoara County
435 . 3h Mt Quercus spp. Rare spec1es 111
Griposia apri lina (LI NNAEUS, 1758)
Hunedoara County
436. Dryobotodes erern ita (FAB RI CIUS, 1775) 3b Mt Quercus spp.
437. Arnrnoconia caeci rnacul a 3a,3b, 3e, 3f, 3h, 4a, 4b,4c,6a, 6e Mt Herbaceous plants
(DENIS & SCHI FFERM OLLER, 1775)
438. 3a Xt Herbaceous pl ants Rare spec1es 111

Po lyrni xis rufoc incta (GEYER, 1828)
Hunedoara Coun ty
439. Blepharita satu ra 3, 4, 5,6, 7 M Herbaceous pl ants
(DEN IS & SCHIFFERM OLLER, 1775)
440. Mniotype adusta (ESPER, 1790) 2a,3c M Herbaceous plants
441. Aparnea rnonoglypha (HUFNAGEL, 1766) 2a, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 4a,4b, 5, 6a, 6e Eu Poaceae
442 . Aparnea crenata (HUFNAGEL, 1766) l a, lb, le, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f M Poaceae
443. ld Xrn Poaceae Rare spec1es 111
Aparnea laterit ia (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
Hunedoara County
444. Aparnea furva (DEN IS & l a, ld Xrn Poaceae
445. Aparnea rnaillardi carpatobru nnea Id ~1-S Poa alpina. Nardus stricta Carpathian endern ite
RAKOSY, 1996
147
Nr.
- "

crt.
446. Apamea rubrirena (TREITSCHKE, 1825) Id Mh Festuca, Calamagrost is
447. Apamea oblonga HA WORTH, 1809 Id M Poaceae
448. Apamea remissa (HOBNER, 1809) Id Mh Poaceae
449. Apamea anceps 3,4,5, 7 M Poaceae
450. Apamea sordens (HUFNAGEL, 1766) 3,4, 5,6, 7 Eu Dactyli s glomerata
45 1. Loscopia scolopacina (ESPER, 1788) 3b, 3c, 3g M Poaceae
452. Leucapamea op hi ogramma (ESPER, 1794) 3b, 3f, 3h, 4a Mh Poaceae
453. Oligia stri gili s (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3, 4, 5, 6, 7' 8, M Poaceae
454. Oligia latruncul a 3f, 3g,3h,6e, 7d , 7e Mh Poaceae
455. Oligia vers icolor (BORK HA USEN, 1792) 2a M Poaceae
456. Mesapamea secali s (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3,4,5,6, 7 M Poaceae
457. Photedes captiuncula (TREITSCHKE, 1825) la, lb Mh Cyperaceae
458. Luperina testacea 3b, 3e, 3f M Poaceae
459. Amphipoea ocu lea nictitans (LINNAEUS, 3b, 3c,3e,3f,3h,4a,4b,4c,6e, 7e Mh Poaceae
1767)
460. 3f Xt On the roots and stems of Very rare species in
Gortyna borelii lunata FREYER, 1838 Peucedanum longifolium Hunedoara County
461. 3,4a,4b,6e, 7a, 7e T- Poaceae Rare species in

Calamja tridens tridens (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
Mx Hunedoara County
462. 4b Hg On the stems of
Celaena leucostigma (HOBNER, 1808) marshland plants as Iris
pseudachorus
463. 4b Hg on the stems of Typha
Nonagria typhae (THUNBERG, 1784) latifolia and T.
angustifolia
464. 4b,7d Hg On the stems Iris
Archanara sparganii (ESPER, 1790)
pseudacorus, Typha spp.
148
... ~
Nr.
crt.
465. Co rtodes fl uxa (H OBNER, 1809) 3g Mh
466. ' 7d Hg On the stems and the
Rh izedra lutosa (HOBNER, 1803)
roots of Phragmites spp.
467. lb, le, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Eu H erbaceous p lants as
Hadula trifo lii (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
A tripl ex, Che nopodium
468. l c,3,4,5, 6, 7 M Cyti sus scoparius, Genista
Lacanobia w- latinum (H UFNAGEL, 1766)
tinctoria
469. Lacanobia aliena (HOBNER, 18 16) 3a M Herbaceous plants
470. Lacanobia o leracea (LINNAEUS, 1758) l a, lb, 2, 3, 4 , 5, 6, 7 M Herbaceous plants
471. Lacanobia thalass ina (HUFNAGEL, 1766) 3,4, 5,6, 7 Mh Herbaceous p lants
472. Lacanobia suasa 3, 4 , 5,6, 7 Mh Herbaceous p lants
(DENIS & SCH IFFERM ULLER, 1775)
473. Lacanobia contigua (DENIS & 3,4,5,6, 7 M Herbaceous plants
474. Hada ple beja (LINNAEUS, 176 1) 2a,3c,3d ,4a,4b Eu Herbaceous plants
475. Hecatera dysodea I l a, 2, 3, 4a M Flowers and seeds of
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) herbaceous planls
476. 3a Mt Flowers and seeds of
Hecatera bico lorata (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
herbaceo us plants
477 . Hadena compta compta 3a Mxt Seeds of various Ra re spec1es tn
(DENIS & SC HI FFERMULLER, 1775) Caryophyllaceae Hunedoara County
478. 3a M Seeds of Caryophyllaceae Rare spec1es 111
Hadena confu sa (H UFNAGEL, 1766)
Hunedoara County
479. 3a, 4a Mxt Seeds of Caryoph yllaceae
Hadena albimacul a (BORKH AUSEN, 1792) (S ilene)
480. Conisani a luteago 3a ~lxt Caryoph) llaceae

(DEN IS & SCHI FFERMULLER, 1775)
481. Hadena pe rpl exa perplexa 3a Xt Seeds of Caryophyllaceae
(DEN IS & SCHI FFERMOLLER, 1775)
482. Sideridis ri vu laris (FAB RI CIUS , 1775) 3, 4 , 6, 7 ~l Seeds of Caryophyllaceae
149
Nr.
crt.
483. 3a Xt Herbaceous plants Rare spec1es ln
Sideridis lampra (SCHA WERDA, 1913)
Hunedoara County
484. Heliophobus reticulata reticulata 3,4,5,6, 7 Mx Flowers of herbaceou s
(GOEZE, 1781 ) plants
485. Melanchra persicariae (LINNAEUS, 1761) 2a, 3,4,5,6, 7 Mh Herbaceous plants
486. Mamestra brassicae (LINNAEUS, 1758) la, 2, 3,4, 5,6, 7 M Herbaceo us plants
487. Papestra biren (GOEZE, 1781) 3d M Ericaceae
488. 2a, M Herbaceous plants and
Polia bombycina (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
deciduous trees
489 . la,lb Mh Ericaceae, herbaceous
Polia tricoma (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
plants and deciduous trees
490. la, 4a, 4c, 4f, 7a M Herbaceous plants and
Polia nebulosa (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
deciduous trees
491. Mythimna turca (LINNAEUS , 1761) 3,4,5,6, 7 Mh Poaceae
492. Mythimna conigera 3,4,5,6, 7 M Poaceae
493. Mythimna ferrago fea1i-ago 3b,3h M Herbaceous plants and
(FABRICIUS, 1787) Poaceae
494 . Mythimna albipuncta 3,4,5,6, 7 M Poaceae
495. 3,4,5,6, 7 Xt Herbaceous plants and
Mythimna vitellina (HOBNER, 1808)
Poaceae
496. Mythimna impura impura (HOBNER, 1808) 4b Hg Poaceae
497 . Mythimna pallens pallens (LINNAEUS, 3a, 3b, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h,4a, 7d M Poaceae
1758)
498. Mythimna I-album (LINNAEUS, 1767) Ic, 3,4,5,6, 7 M Poaceae
499. Ic, Id, 3f, 4a, 6a M Herbaceous plants and
Leucania comma (LINNAEUS, 1761)
Poaceae
500. 3,4,5,6, 7 M Deciduous trees,
Orthosia incerta incerta (HUFNAGEL, 1766) especially Quercus and
shrubs
150
- ,
Nr.
TAXA < SITES E.E. H.P. Obs.
crt. '
50 I. 3, 4, 5, 8, 7 M Deciduous trees and
Orthosia gothica (LINNAEUS, 1758)
shrubs
502. Orthosia cruda 3,4,5,6, 7 M Deciduous trees
503. Orthosia miniosa 3,4,5,6, 7 M Deciduous trees
504. Orthosia cerasi (FABRICI US, 1775) 3,4,5,6, 7 M Deciduous trees
505. Orthosia gracilis 3b,3h M Deciduous trees
(DENIS & SCHJFFERMULLER, 1775)
506. Anorthoa munda 3,4,5,6, 7 M Deciduous trees
(DEN IS & SCHIFFERMULLER , 1775)
507. 3,4,5,6, 7 M Deciduous trees and
Egira conspicillaris (LINNAEUS, 1758)
herbaceous plants
508. 3a,3b, 3c,3d,3d,3e,3f,3g,3h,4a, Mh Poaceae
Cerapteryx gramminis (LINNAEUS, 1758)
7d
509. Tholera cespitis 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h,4a, M Poaceae
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) 4b, 4c,6e, 7d
510. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3d, 3e, 3~ 3g, 3h,4a, M Poaceae
Neuronia decimalis (PODA, 1761)
4b,4c,6a,6e, 7d
511. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, M Poaceae
Pachetra sagittigera (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
4b,4c, 6a,6e, 7d
512. 3a,3d,3d,3e,3f, 3g,3h,4a,4b,4c, M Herbaceous plants
Lasionycta proxima (HOBNER, 1809) 6a,
6e, 7d
513. Axylia putris (LINNAEUS, 1761) 3,4,5,6, 7 M Herbaceous plants
514. Pseudochropleura flammatra flammatra 3a Xt Herbaceous plants Rare spec1es ID
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 1775) Hunedoara County
515. 3a Xm Herbaceous plants Rare spec1es tn
Pseudochropleura musiva (HOBNER, 1803)
Hunedoara County
516. Ochropleura plecta (LINNAEUS, 1761) la, lb, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 M Herbaceous plants
151
Nr.
crt.
517. Diarsia mendica mendica (FABRICIUS, 1a, I b, le, 2a, 3c, 3d Mh Herbaceous plants and
1775) Ericaceae
518. Diarsia brunnea brunnea (DENIS & I a, I b, Ic, 2a, 3c, 3d Mh Herbaceous plants and
SCHIFFERMULLER, I 775) Ericaceae
519. 2a, 3,4,5,6, 7 M Herbaceous plants,
Noctua pronuba (LINNAEUS, 1758)
Poaceae
520. 3a M Herbaceous plants,
Noctua orbona (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
Poaceae
521. 3a M Herbaceous plants Rare spec1es 111
Noctua interposita (HOBNER, 1790)
Hunedoara County
522. 3a M Herbaceous plants
Noctua comes (HOBNER, I 813)
523 . 2a, 3,4,5,6, 7 M Herbaceous plants and
Noctua fimbriata (SCHREBER, I 759)
shrubs
524. Noctua janthina 3a M Herbaceous plants
(DEN IS & SCHIFFERM ULLER, 1775)
525. Lycophotia porphyrea 3a M Ericaceae Rare spec1es 111
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, I 775) Hunedoara County

526. Chersotis multangula multangula 3a Xt Herbaceous plants, Rare spec1es 111
(HOBNER, 1803) Poaceae Hunedoara County

527. lb, 3c Mh Ericaceae Rare spec1es record ed
Eurois occulta (LINNAEUS, I 758) only from the Retezat
- Mountains
528. 3a M Herbaceous plants Rare spec1es 111 the
Opigena polygona limestone are a of
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) . Ponorici-Cioclovina
(ureanu Mountain s)
529. Eugraphe sigma 3a,6e M Herbaceous plants Rare spec1es 111
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER, 1775) Hunedoara County
152
Nr. - ..
' TAXA SITES E.E. H.P. Obs.
crt.
530 . 3a,4a,4b,4c,6e M Herbaceous plants Rare spec1es 111
Eugnorisma depuncta (LINNAEUS, 1761) - Hunedoara County
531. Xestia speciosa (HOBNER, 1813) la, lb, Ic, Id Bm Ericaceae
532. Xestia c-nigrum (LINNAEUS, 1758) l ,2a,3, 4, 5,6, 7 Eu Herbaceous plants
533. 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, 4a, 4b, 4c, M Deciduous trees and
Xestia ditrapezium (DENIS &
4d, 4f, 6e, 7e shrubs
534. 3a,3b,3e, 3g,3 h,4a,4b,4c,6e M Deciduous trees and
Xestia triangulum (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
shrubs
535. Xestia ashworthii candelarum 3a, 3e, 3f, 3g Xm Herbaceous plants
(STAUDINGER, 187 1)
536. Xestia baja (DENIS & SCHIFFERMOLLER, 3e, 3h M Herbaceous plants,
1775) Ericaceae
537 . Xestia stigmatica (HOBNER, 1813) 3c,3e, 3g M Herbaceous plants
538. 3a Xt Herbaceous plants Rare spec1es 111
Xestia castanea (ES PER, 1798)
Hunedoara County
539 . ld Mh Herbaceous plants,
Xestia colii na (BOISDUV AL, 1840)
Ericaceae
540. Cerastis rubricosa 2,3,4,5,6, 7 M Herbaceous plants
(DENIS & SCHIFFERMULLER , 1775)
541. 3b,6e M Herbaceous plants Rare spec1es 111
Naenia typica (LINNAEUS, 1758)
Hunedoara County
542. Anaplectoides prasina la, lb, le, 2a, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 M Shrubs, Ericaceae
543. Peridroma saucia (HOBNER, 1808) 3b,3h,4a,4c,6e, 7d M Herbaceous plants
544. Euxoa obelisca 3a,3b,3c, 3h,4a,4b,4c,4f,4g,5,6e Mxt Herbaceous plants
545 . Euxoa tritici (LINNAEUS, 1761) 3a, 3f, 3h,4a,4b, 4c, 6f, 7a, 7d, 7e M Herbaceous plants,
grasses (Poaceae)
153
Nr.
crt.
546. Euxoa nigricans (LINNAEUS, 1761) 3a, 3b, 3e, 3f, 3h, 6e M Poaceae
547. Euxoa aquilina 3,4a,4c,4f,4g,6c,6e, 7b, 7d, 7e Mxt Poaceae
548. Agrotis cinerea 3b, 3g,4f,6a,6d, 7c Mxt Poaceae
549. Agrotis segetum I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Eu Roots of herbaceous
(DENIS & SCHIFFERM ULLER, 1775) plants and grasses
550. 3a,3b,3e, 3f, 3g, 3h,4a,4g,5,6a, M Roots of herbaceous
Agrotis clavis (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
6b,6d,6e plants
551. I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Eu Roots of herbaceous
Agrotis exclamationis (LINNAEUS, 1758)
plants
552. 2,3,4,5,6, 7, 8 Eu Roots of herbaceous
Agrotis ipsilon (HUFNAGEL, 1766)
plants
553. 3e, 3f, 4c, 4f Xt Roots of herbaceous
Agrotis crassa (HDBNER, 1803)
plants and grasses
...
PANTHEIDAE
554. Panthea coenobita (ESPER, 1785) la, lb, Ic M Pinaceae
555. Colocasia coryli (LINNAEUS, 1758) la, Ic, 2a, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 M Deciduous trees
L YMANTRilDAE
556. Lymantria monacha (LINNAEUS, 1758) 1a, I b, 1c, 3d,4a, 6a M Pinaceae, Fagus
557. Lymantria dispar (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f, 3g,4, 5, 6, 7 M Deciduous trees
558. Ocneria rubea 4c,6e M Quercus pubescens
559. Callitaera pudibunda (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3b, 3c,3d,3e, 3f,4,5,6, 7 M Fagus, Betula, Carpinus
560. Dicallomera fascelina (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3h M Poaceae
561. Orgyia antiqua (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3f,3g M Fagaceae
562. Euproctis chrysorrhoea (LINN AEUS, 1758) 4a,4f,6e, 6f, 7a, 7e M Quercus, fruit trees
563. Euproctis similis (FUESSLY, 1775) 7a M Quercus, fruit trees
564. Penthophera morio (LINNAEUS, l 767) 6e M Poaceae
565. Laelia coenosa (HDBNER, 1808) 4b Mh Poaceae
154
Nr. .
crt.
TAXA SITES ~
E.E. H.P. Obs.
566. Leucoma salici s (LI NNAEUS, 1758) I a, l b, Ic, 3a, 3b, 3d, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h, Mh Salicaceae
4a
567. Arctorn is 1-nigrum (MOLLER, 1764) l a, lb, Id, le, 2a, 3, 4 , 5, 6, 7 Mh Deciduous trees

NOLIDAE
568. Meganola stri gul a 3b,3f Mt Deci duous trees, Quercus
(D EN IS & SCHI FFERMOLLER, 1775)
569. Meganola albuia 3b,3h Mh Various shrubs
(DENIS & SCHI FFERMOLLER, 1775)
570. Nola cucullatella (LINNAEUS , 1758) 3a, 3b, 4a, 4 b, 4c Mx Malus, Prunus, C rataegus
57 1. Nola aerugula (HOBNER, 1793) 3a Mh Fabaceae
572. Nycteola revayana (SCOPOLI, 1772) 6e, 7a Mt Dec idu ous trees, Que rcu s
573 . Ea rias clorana (LINNAEUS, 1761 ) 7d Mh Salicaceae
574. Be na bicolorana (FUESSLY, 1775) 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 M Decidu ous trees
575 . Pseudoips prasinana (LI NNAEUS, 1758) 3, 4,5 , 6, 7 Mt Dec idu ous trees
ARCTITDAE
" . - .
576. Setina irrorella (LI NNAEUS, 1758) Ic, 3a, 4b, 4c Mt Lich ens
577 . Miltochrista mini ata (FORSTER, 1771 ) 3, 4 , 5, 6, 7 M Li c he ns
57 8. Ato lmi s rubri co lli s (LI NNAEUS , 1758) l c,3,4,5,6, 7 M Lichens
579 . Cvbosia mesomella (LI NNAEUS , 1758) 3a, 4a,4b Ht Lichens
580. Ei le ma sororcula (H UFNAGEL, 1766) 3a,3b,3e, 3f,4a, 4b, 4c, 4f Mh Lichens
58 1. Eilema complana (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3a,3b Mh Lichens
582 . E il e ma lurideola (ZINC KEN, 1817) 3, 4 , 5,6, 7 M Lic hens
583. Ei lema de plana (ESPER, 1787) 3a, 3d,3f,4, 5, 6, 7 Mt L iche ns
584. Lithosia quadra (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3,4,5,6, 7 Mt Lichens
585. Syntomis phegea danieli OBRAZTSOY, la, le, 3, 4 , 5, 6, 7 M M osses, Lichens
1966)
586. Dysaux es ancilla (LI NNAEUS , 1767) 3, 4 , 5,6, 7 M Mosses. Lichens
587 . 6e Xt Festuca ovina. Calluna Ra re spec1es 1n
Spiris stri ata striata (LI NNAEUS , 1758)
\'Ul~aris Hu nedoara Cou nty
588. 3e, 3f Xt Calluna rnlgaris Ra re sapec 1es ln
Coscinia cribraria pannonica DAN IEL, 1955
Hunedoara County
155
Nr.
crt.
589 .
*'
Parasemia plantaginis carpathica DANIEL, la, lb, lc, 3,4 M Plantago, Rumex Carpathian endemite
1939
590. Arctia caja caja (LlNNAEUS , 1758) Ic, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Mt Various herbaceous plants
591. Epicallia villica villica (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3, 4,5,6, 7 Mh Various herbaceous plants
592. Diacrisia sannio sannio (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3,4,5,6, 7 M Various herbaceous plants
593 . 3, 4a,4b,4c,6a,6e, 7d Mt Various herbaceous plants Rare spec1es ll1
Rhyparia purpurata (LINNAEUS, 1758)
Hunedoara County
594. Spilosoma lubricipeda (LINNAEUS, 1758) Ic, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 M Various herbaceous plants
595 . Spi losoma luteum luteum (HUFNAGEL, 3,4,5,6, 7 M Various herbaceous plants
1766)
596. Spilosoma urticae (ESPER, 1789) 3, 4,5,6, 7 M Various herbaceous plants
597. Diaphora mendica (CLERCK , 1759) 3,4,5,6, 7 M Various herbaceous plants
598 . Phragmatobia fuligino sa fuliginosa 3,4,5, 6, 7 M Various herbaceous plants
(LINNAEUS, 1758)
599. Epatolmis luctifera 3,4b,4c,5,6e, 7 M Plantago, Hieracium Rare spec1es ll1
(DENIS & SCH IFFERM ULLER, 1775) Hunedoara County
600. Callimorpha quadripunctaria (PODA, 1761) 3,4,5,6, 7 M Various herbaceous plants
601. Callimorpha dominula (LINNAEUS, 1758) 3,4,5,6, 7 Mh Various herbaceous plants
602. 3d Mt Senecio jacobaeae Rare species ll1
Tyria jacobaeae (LINNAEUS , 1758)
Hunedoara County
Abbreviations: EE= Ecological exigences of the species; M= Mesophil; Mh= Mesohygrophil; ML= Mesothermophil; Mx= Mesoxerophil; Mht=
MesohygroLhermophil; Mth= Mesothermohygrophil; Ht= Hygro-Lhermophil ; XL= Xerothermophil ; T= Thermophil; T-Mx= Thermo-Mesoxcrophil; Bm= Boreo-
Montan; Xm= Xeromontan; U=Ubiquist; Eu=Euryoecic (after RAKOSY 1997); HP= Host plants of Lhe larvac ; Obs.= Observations
156
Most of the identified species such as Horisme tersata, Valeria oleagina, Apeira
syringaria, Trichiura crataegi, Eudia pavonia pavonia, Aplasta m1011aria, Hemistola
chrysoprasaria, Jodis lactearia, Scotopteryx luridata, Catarhoe mhidata, Costaconvexa
polygra~imata, Cidaria fulvata, Horisme vitalbata, Eupithecia lwworthiata, Eupithecia
/inariata, Hydrelia flammeolaria, Therapis flavicaria, Artiora evo11y11wria, Ourapteryx
sambucaria, Eulythis prunata, Lygdia adustata, Abraxas grossulariata, Acronic/a strigosa,
Craniophora ligustri ligustri were collected at the edge of the deciduous or mixcd forcsls.
In the mesophilous lawns of the hilly zone of Poiana Rusc Mountains, ~urcanu
Mountains and Metaliferi Mountains Agrotis segetum, Agrotis excla111atio11is, Agroti.\' ifJsi/011
Camptogramma hilineatum, Pseudopanthera macu/aria, Siona li11eata, /:"111at11rga ato11wria,
Polypogon tentacularia, Hyles euphorbiae euphorbiae, Euclidia glyphirn glyphirn, 1~111111C'!ia
trabealis trahealis, Acronicta rumicis, Mesapamea secalis, Egira rn11s1Jicillaris, Pyrrhia

umbra, Diachrysia chrysitis, Macdounnoughia confusa, Autograplw gm1111111, Ochmpleura
plecta are very frequent species.
Episema glaucina, Cucullia fraudatrix, Eublema purpurina, Protoschinia scuto.w,
Noctua interposita, Hadena perplexa, Hadena compla, Spiris striata, Eutelia adulatrix,
Pseudoterpna pruinata, Scopu/a flaccidaria, ldaea moniliata, ldaea degeneraria, Jdaea
aureolaria, Jdaea vulpinaria, Rhodostrophia vibicaria, Cataclysme riguata, Phybalaptl'l"yx
virgata, Lygephila pastinum, Tephrina arenacearia, Acontia lucida, Eutelia adulatrix, Tyta
luctuosa, Mythimna vitellina, Shargacucullia lychnitis, Noctua orbona, Euxoa tritici, Euxoa
aquilina, Xestia xanthographa and Agrotis cinerea prefer the hillocky grasslands and
especially xerothermophilous lawns of the limestone areas. Scotopteryx chenopodiata,
Xanthorhoe fluctuata, Perizoma minoratum, Minoa murinata, Hemaris fuciformis, Parasemia
plantaginis carpathica, Diachrysia chryson, Photedes captiuncula, Hada nana, Cerapteryx
gramminis, Neuronia decimalis, Lasionycta proxima, Noctua pronuba and Noctua fimbriata
prefer the mesophilous lawns of the mountainous areas.
In the area of oak forests some species as Cymatophorima diluta, Polyploca ridens,
Polyploca ruficollis, Comibaena bajularia, Cyclophora parata, Drymonia querna querna,
Drymonia melagona, Catocala promis.\a, Catephia alchymista, Jodia croceago, Dichonia
convergens, Dichonia aeruginea, Diclzonia aprilina, Phalera bucephaloides, Peridea anceps,
Catocala sponsa, Dryobotodes eremita, E11110111os quercinarius, Hypomecis rohoraria,
Nycteola revayana, Pseudoips prassinanus, Litlwplwne omitopus, Polyplwenis viridis and
other species were identified.
157
In the belt of the beech forests Aglia tau tau, Stauropus fagi fagi, Pseudoips fagana
/i1gana, Epirrita autumnala autumnala, Operophtera brummata, Ennomos autumnarius
<Wl111111wrius, Colotois pennaria, Fagivorina arenaria, Campaea margaritata, Phalera
h11ceplwla, Elkneria pudibunda Acronicta aceris, Pyramidcampa pyramidea, Mesogona
acetosellae, Cosmia affinis, Brachionycha nubeculosa, Palia nebulosa are frequent species.
Typical species for coniferous forests are Cosmotriche lobulina, Peribatodes
secundaria, Puengeleria capreolaria, Hylaea fasciaria fasciaria, Thera variata and Thera
obeliscata. Their larvae are feed on various Pinaceae.
In the montane and subalpine area of the Retezat Mountains and ureanu Mountains
some specias as Eurois occultus, Diarsia brunnea, Diarsia mendica, Xanthorhoe montanata,
Entephria caesiata, Hada nana, Elophos vittarius mendicarius, Parasemia plantaginis
carpathica and Apamea rubrirena are frequent. In the Retezat Mountains the endemic taxa
were identified: Apamea maillardi carpatobrunnea (RKOSY 1996) and Psodos coracina
dioszeghyi (SCHMIDT, 1930).
Smerinthus ocellatus, Laothoe populi, Stegania dilutaria, Clostera curtula, Clostera
pigra, Clostera anachoreta, Cerura vinu/a, Cerura erminea, Furcula furcula foificula,
Notodonta ziczac, Notodonta torva, Catocala nupta, Catocala elocata, Catocala electa prefer
the valley of the rivers were their host plant of the larvae occur.
Rare and very rare species such as Prodotis stolida, Eriogaster lanestris, Eriogaster
catax, Orthostixis cribraria, Lycia zonaria, Proserpinus proserpina, Coscinia cribraria
pannonica, Spiris striata, Catocala puerpera, Catocala hymenea, Catephia alchymista,
Cryphia muralis, Lamprotes c-aureum, Cucullia asteris, Lamprosticta culta, Callopistria
latreillei, Polymixis rufocincta, Gortyna borelii lunata, Pseudochropleura musiva, Noctua
interposita, Lycophotia porphyrea, Opigena polygona, Xestia castanea, Endromis
versicolora, Cosmotriche lobulina, Tyria jacobaeae, Moma alpium, Episema glaucina,
Panthea coenobita, Acronicta alni, Polyphaenis viridis, Dichonia aprilina, Meganephria
bimaculosa, Gastropacha populifolia, Dicranura ulmi, Archiearis parthenias, Archiearis
notha, Aplasta ononaria, Cyclophora parata, Triphosa sabaudiata, Apeira syringaria, Biston
stratarius, Phalera bucephaloides, Phragmatobia luctifera, Eugnorisma depuncta, Chersotis
multangula, Pseudochropleura flammatra were reported from various sites of Hunedoara
County.
158
CONCLUSIONS
The Macrolepidoptera fauna of the Hunedoara County is known hccause of personal

research and other researchers of Rornania. As a resuit of the rcscarchcs conductcd in the
natural habitats of Hunedoara County 602 species were identificd. Rare :-.pccics havc bccn
reported over the years. Some of the species as Eriogaster catax, Gortyna hore/ii lunara and
Proserpinus proserpina are protected by the Emcrgcncy Ordinancc of Lhc Rornanian
Govcrnrnent No. 57/2007 as spccies of communitary interest. Howcvcr, so111c arcas arc not
sufficiently investigated such as Parng Mountains. Tarcu Mountains and c:-.pelially Vulcan
Mountains situated in thc southern part of Hunedoara County. Tbcrdorc. lulurc rcscarch
should be directed to those areas.
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Silvia Bumaz
Muzeul Civilizaiei
Dacice i Romane Deva
39, I Decembrie Street
Deva, Hunedoara County, Romania
e-mail: silviaburnaz@gmail.com
162
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ACTA MUSEI DEVENSIS

SERIES SCIENTIA NATURAE

SERIES SCIENTIA NATURAE

Silvia Burnaz & Marcela Balazs

DAN MUNTEANU, Senior Researcher Ph.O .. Corresponding Member of the

Computer editing: SILVIA BURNAZ & DORINA DAN

ACTA MUSEI DEVENSIS ACTA MUSEI DEVENSIS

SERIES SCIENTIA NA TU RAE SERIES SCIENTIA NA TURAE

Editura Altip - Alba Iulia

MARCELA BALAZS The systematic list of the vasculary plants

MARCELA BALAZS The Vegetation of the Zeicani Valky

LEVENTESZEKELY New data about the spec1es Cheli.,

LEVENTESZEKELY Lepidoptera species recorded from the

SILVIA BURNAZ Butterflies of Sarmizegetusa-Zeicani

SILVIA BURNAZ Macrolepidoptera spec1es (S. ord.

THE SCIENTIFIC IMPORTANCE OF THE CIOCLOVINA 2 CAVE

Key words: Cioclovina 2 Cave, urcanu Mountains, Romania, scicnlific impmlanl:l'

Petera Cioclovina 2 (Munii ureanului, Carpaii Meridionali, Romnia) arc o

Cuvinte cheie: Petera Cioclovina 2, Munii ureanului, Romnia, importan tiinific

Situated in the ureanu Mountains (Southem Carpathians, Remania), The Natural

The history of The Cioclovina 2 Cave

Fig. I. The Cioclovina 2 Cave. Topography and cartography

The morphology of The Cioclovina 2 Cave

J\utochthon Sediments calcite crusts

The Fauna of the cave

The Degree of the Preservation

pentru Educaie Fizic i Sport, Bucureti.

MARIS T. 1986. Contribuii la cunoaterea paleoliticului din sud-vestul Tm11sili'lll1iei. Buletin

Adrian Cristian S1lpi11na11

Fig. 5. Osteological fragments of Ursus spelaeus

THE SYSTEMA TIC LIST OF THE VASCULARY PLANTS OF ZEICANI

Autorul prezint lista sistematic a speciilor de plante vasculare identificate n

Situated in the south-western part of Haeg Depression (Hunedoara County), Zeicani

The following abbreviations were used:

The systematic list

Fagus sylvatica L., MM-M, E, U 3 T 3 RO, Car. Fagion, Fagetalia

BARKMAN 1., MORAVEC J., RAUSCHERT S. 198 l. Code of phytosociological nomenclature.

CIOCRLAN V. 2000. Flora ilustrat a Romniei. Ed. Ceres, Bucurqti

1 .r x Flora RPR i RSR, 1952-1976, vol.1-XIII, Ed. Acad., Bucureti

1 x x Geografia Romniei, /II, Carpaii romneti i Depresiunea Transilvaniei, 1987, Ed.

THE VEGETATION OF THE ZEICANI V ALLEY (HUNEDOAl~A

Thc Village of Zeicani (Sarmizegetusa Commune, Hunedoara County) is situatcd 111

' 111.nl liy the river of Bistra, a tributary of Timi River.

MOLINIO - ARRHENATHERETEA R. Tx. 1937 (Syn. Molinio-Juncetea Br.-Bl. ex A.

Fig. I. The spectrum of the ecological index/Spectrul indicilor ecologici

The Bioform sp ectrum is clearly dominated by the hemicryptophytes (79.4%), other

ARRHENATHERETALIA R. Tx. 1931 (Syn. Arrhenatheretalia Pawlowski 1928)

Fig. nr. 3. The spectrum of the ecological index/Spectrul indicilor ecologici

The Bioform Spectrum (Life Form elements) is dominated by hemicryptophyte species

Fig. 4. The Spectrum of the Bioforms (a) and Geoelements (b)/

Cynosurion R. Tx. 1947

1o _____ .........,..._ _,_~ --4'----~~

Fig. 6. The spectrum ofthe Biophorms (a) and Geoelements (b)/

l)OTENTILLO -POLYGONETALIA R. Tx. 1947 (Syn. Agrostietalia stoloniferae Oberd. in

Fig. 7. The spectrum of the ecologica) index/Spectrul indicilor ecologici

Fig. 8. The Spectrum of the Bi oforms (a) and Geoelements (b)

Ass. Rorippo austriacae - Agropyretum repentis (Timar 1947) R . Tx. 5

'I 1 ~s s, species that penetrated these phytocoenos is aftcr an intense grazing.

Fig. 7. The spectrum of the ecologica! index/Spectrul indicilor ecologici

Fig. 8. The Spectrum of the Bioforms (a) and Geoelements (b)

Ass. Rorippo austriacae - Agropyretum repentis (Timar 1947) R. Tx.

Fig. 9. The Spectrum of the ecological index/Spectrul indicilor ecologici

FESTUCO - BROMETEA Br.-Bl. et R. Tx. in Br.-Bl. 1949 (Syn. Festuco-Brometea Br.-Bl.