PEMERINTAH PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH

DINAS PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN

SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS NEGERI 1
KEBUMEN
Jalan Mayjen Sutoyo 7, Kebumen 54316, Telepon (0287) 381407, Faksimile (0287) 385012
Surel: sma_1_kbm@yahoo.com, Laman: www.sman1-kebumen.sch.id

THE ENGLISH STUDENT WORK SHEETS OF REVIEW TEXTS

Subject : English
Bing : 3 ( Three )
Semester : 2 ( Two )
Code : MLM 103
Programme : Elective ( Peminatan )
Class : XII MIA A,B,C,D,F,G
Academic Year : 2016 - 2017
School : State Senior High School One
Kebumen
Teacher : Ibu. Dra.Endang Rokhimaningsih.
NIP : 19640318 198803 2 005

3.8 ; 4.8 : Teks REVIEW : Penilaian terkait film, buku , cerita.

REVIEW TEXTS

Review is a writing that critiques or critically analyzes an art work for the public
audience. In other words, a review text is a piece of writing that analyzes and
evaluates the art work, for instance book, film / movie, play / drama , opera /
exhibitions, concerts, ballets songs, etc, and offers a reasoned opinion about its
qualities to the readers.
= Untuk memberikan kritik terhadap peristiwa atau karya seni untuk pembaca atau
pendengar khalayak ramai, misalnya : film, pertunjukan, buku, dan produk.

Communicative purpose / social function of Review text :

To criticize or analyze and evaluate an art work and make your point of view
known.
Or : To criticize an art work, event for a public audience.
Or : To summarize, analyze, and respond to art works.

The generic structure or the organization of Review texts are :

1. Orientation : Pengenalan hal yang diangkat.
= Background information on the text.

Page | 1
 Open your review by providing a brief outline of the subject matter or the
background information in term of describing the work and its topics. State
the key points, which are to be analyzed and evaluated at the following
paragraph.

2. Interpretative Recount : Ringkasan cerita, tafsir.

= Is a summary of the contents or plots . For example, a brief description of
the characters, the approach, and the scope of work.
Or : Summary of an art work ( including characters and plot ).
Or : Summaries the plot or provides an account of how the reviewed
rendition ( cara membawakan ) of the work came into being ; is optional but
if present, often recursive ( berulang ).

3. Evaluation :Evaluasi / penilaian .

= To analyze and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the subject
matter and the reviewer from his opinion and judgement.
Or : Concluding statement : judgment / opinion, or recommendation.
Or : Provides an evaluation of the work or its performance or production .
Evaluation is usually recursive.

4. Evaluative Summation : Rangkuman

= This part provides the reviewers final judgment.
The last opinion consisting of the appraisal or punchline of the artwork being
reviewed.
Or : Provides a kind of punchline ( bagian pokok ) which sums up the
reviewers opinion of the art event as a whole. Evaluative Summation is
optional.

Grammatical features related to Review texts :

Adjectives and phrases of appraisal
Pronouns
Present Tense
Adverbs
Compound and Complex sentences
The use of metaphorical expressions
The use of noun phrases

A metaphor is defined as the substitution of one idea or object with another and
used to assist ( membantu ) expression or understanding.
Metaphorical language is used in a review text to compare the similarity of two
different art works.

3.8 ; 4.8 : Teks REVIEW : Penilaian terkait film, buku , cerita.

I.Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing of REVIEW texts :

Text : 1
A discussion text :

Page | 2
 A REVIEW ON TENGGELAMNYA KAPAL VAN DER WIJCK

Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijck ( The Sinking of the Van der Wijck ) is a
2013 Indonesian romantic drama movie directed by Sunil Soraya and written by
Imam Tantowi and Dhony Dirgantoro. The movie casts Pevita Pearce, Herjunot Ali,
and Reza Rahadian as the main leads. The movie is based on Hamkas novel,
Tenggelamnya Kapal van der Wijck ( 1936 ), and it was released at theaters on
December 19th, 2013. The movie takes the theme of love and cultural conflict in the
1930s.
The story begins when Zainuddin ( Herjunot Ali ) , a young man of Minang
descent, who had lived and grown up in Makassar, went to Batipuh, Tanah Datar,
West Sumatra, to visit his fathers birthplace and deepen his spiritually. Zainuddins
arrival was not welcomed by the villagers due to his family background. Zainudins
father, who came from Minang, married his mother, who came from Bugis,
Makassar. Minang people still held to the maternal lineage firmly. However,
Zainuddin determinedly decided to stay in Batipuh and he was more determined
after meeting a beautiful girl named Hayati ( Pevita Pearce ). This triggered violent
objections from the villagers and Zainuddin was forced to leave Batipuh. Before
leaving, Zainuddin and Hayati promised to love each other and Hayati promised to
wait for Zainuddin.
The problem became worse when Hayati was proposed to by a wealthy man
of pure Minang descent, Aziz ( Reza Rahadian ). Forced by her family, Hayati
accepted the proposal, breaking her promise to Zainuddin. Feeling broken hearted
, Zainuddin left Minang and ventured to Java. With his talent as a writer, Zainuddin
gained fame as well as fortune. Meanwhile, the destiny could make Zainuddin and
Hayati meet once again. At a book launching, Zainuddin met Hayati as Azizs wife.
Over time, the wheel of fortune turned. Aziz lost his money and properties
due to gambling. Aziz and Hayati came to Zainuddins big house to borrow some
money and ask for temporary shelter. Zainuddin granted the request. Feeling
ashamed, Aziz gave up on Hayati and committed suicide. Although Zainuddin loved
Hayati, he rejected her because Hayati had broken their promise. Zainuddin sent her
back to Padang on a ship, the Van der Wijck. Unfortunately, on the way to Padang,
the ship sank, together with Hayati, leaving Zainuddin with the pain of Hayatis
death. Zainuddin continued living in deep remorse.
Unlike the novel, the screen writer of Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijck
fails to dig deeper on morals. The movie merely expresses a universal lesson. Its a
story of a man who learned to achieve his success through his failure and sorrow. In
the novel, Buya Hamka criticized strongly the Minang customs and traditions. The
movie lacks criticisms of Minang archaic customs and traditions.
Despite the relative silence about Minang customs in the movie, Herjunot Ali
succeeded in playing the role of Zainuddin. His performance is as charming as that
in Di Bawah Lindungan Kabah, a similarly themed movie by the same author.
Overall, Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijck is an excellent Indonesian movie.
The movie portrays the panoramic Minang scenery. The sweet original soundtracks
from Nidji, such as Nelangsa and Terusir , make the movie unforgettable. This
is a movie well worth watching.

Page | 3
 ( The source : The English book of PATHWAY TO ENGLISH ; for Senior High School
Students ; Year XII; Elective Program; Published by ERLANGGA ).

Vocabulary builders :
cast = memberikan , memasukkan
descent = keturunan
birthplace = tempat lahir
deepen = memperdalam
maternal = yang berhubungan dengan Ibu
lineage = garis silsilah, keturunan
firmly = dengan kuat
determinedly = dengan tekun
triggered = mencetuskan
violent = keras
objections = keberatan
ventured = berspekulasi
fame = kemasyuran
fortune = nasib baik
meanwhile = sementara itu
destiny = takdir / nasib
temporary = sementara
shelter = perlindungan
granted = mengabulkan
committed = melakukan
suicide = bunuh diri
remorse = penyesalan yang dalam
archaic = kuno
charming = mempesona
overall = secara keseluruhan
portrays = menggambarkan
worth = bernilai, bermanfaat

Note :
Paragraph 1 : Orientation : tells the background information of the movie.
Social function : To critique works of art ( movies, novels, songs, TV shows ) for a
public audience.
Paragraph 2, 3 , 4 : Interpretative recount : tells the plot / synopsis / summary of
the story.
Language Elements :
1. The simple present tense.
2. Compound sentences.
3. Complex sentences.
4. Compound complex sentences.( Paragraph 2, sentence 3 ).

Paragraph 5 : Evaluation : states the judgement, opinions about the director,

performances of the main leads, the plot, the theme, the dialogs, and comparison
with another similar artworks. It may consist of more than one paragraph.

Paragraph 5, the first sentence : The expressions of comparing two works of art.

Page | 4
Paragraph 5 , second sentence : This review compares the morals aspect of the
movie and those in the book.
Paragraph 5, the last sentence : Reviewers judgement.

Paragraph 6 , second sentence: The reviewer compares the actors acting in two
different movies.

Paragraph 7 : Evaluative summation : states final opinions about, recommendation,

and appraisals or punch lines of the movie.
Paragraph 7, the first sentence : Recommendation to see the movie.
Paragraph 7, the third sentence : Appraisal for the movie.

Questions :
Paragraph : 1
1. What kind of film / movie does The Sinking of Van der Wijck belong ?
2. Who is the director of that film ?
3. Who are the writers of The Sinking of Van der Wijck ?
4. Who are the leads of The Sinking of Van der Wijck ?
5. From what novel is the movie of The Sinking of Van der Wijck based on ?
6. When was that movie released ?
7. What is the theme of that movie ?

Paragraph : 2, 3, 4 :
8. What is the summary of the story about The Sinking of the Van der Wijck ?

Text : 2
A discussion text :

ORIGINAL SOUNDTRACK OF BROWNIES

Bisa Saja was chosen as the first single of the album and theme song of Brownies
because the lyrics reflect the story in the movies.
Budjana of GIGI demonstrates his skills in playing acoustic guitar in Cinta Terakhir.
Three other brand new songs, Dilema, Jangan Bilang Pacarku , and Semua Orang
Berhak Mendapat Rasa Bahagia , give supporting nuances to the flow of the movie. GIGI
composed them by imagining how the scenes would look like based on the screenplay.
When Hanung Bramantyo ( the director ) and Dewa Budjana of GIGI chatted,
Budjana expressed his interest in making a soundtrack album. Then, he recommended a few
GIGI songs, which the producer accepted because of the chemistry they created they
created with the movie.
Since GIGI could provide a variety of colors to add all kinds of musical nuances to
enrich the movie, the producer deemed it unnecessary to find other musicians to complete
the Original Soundtrack of Brownies.
Armand Maulana ( vocal ), I Gede Dewa Budjana ( guitar ), Thomas Ramadhan (
bass ), and Gusti Erhandy ( drums stand in player for Budhy Haryono ) put a lot of effort
into this album. As a result, theyve created a perfect blend of a movie and songs that
makes Brownies tastier.
Its always fun to have a piece of brownies in your mouth. But having it on your
stereo is more entertaining. No movie is perfect without a musical score and Original
Soundtrack of Brownies has proved it excellently.

Page | 5
( Source : The English book of LOOK AHEAD ; Year XII ; for Senior High School Students
; Published by ERLANGGA ).

Vocabulary builders :
reflect = menggambarkan
nuances = perbedaan yang sangat sedikit
screenplay = cerita untuk film
chatted = mengobrol
enrich = memperkaya
deemed = menganggap
blend = campuran / paduan

Note :
Brownies = names of the art works
Paragraph 1 = Evaluation 1
Paragraph 3 = Interpretative Recount
Paragraph 4 = Evaluation 2
Paragraph 5 = Evaluation 3
Paragraph 6 = Evaluative Summation
but ( the last paragraph ) = Methaphorical expressions
perfect ( the last paragraph ) = words ( adjectives ) of appraisal

Questions :
1. What song was chosen as the first single of the album and theme song of Brownies
?
2. Why was Bisa Saja chosen as the first single of the album and theme song of
Brownies ?
3. Who demonstrates his skills in playing acoustic guitar in Cinta Terakhir ?
4. Mention the three other brand new songs composed by GIGI which give supporting
nuances to the flow of the movie !
5. How did GIGI compose those songs ?
6. Who was the director of the Brownies film ?
7. What did Dewa Budjana of GIGI do when he met and chatted with Hanung
Bramantyo together ?
8. What did Hanung Bramantyo do after Dewa Budjana expressed his interest in
making a soundtrack album ?
9. Why did Hanung Bramantyo accept a few GIGI songs to be used /to be created with
the movie / film ?
10. When did the producer of Hanung Bramantyo deem / regard it unnecessary to find
other musicians to complete the Original Soundtrack of Brownies ?
11. Mention the players and their roles of GIGI musician groups ?
12. What is the result of establishing a compact musician groups of GIGI ?
13. What is your opinion of Brownies film at last ?

The answers :
1. Bisa saja.
2. Because the lyrics reflect the story in the movie.
3. Budjana of Gigi
4. Dilema
- Jangan Bilang Pacarku
- Semua Orang Berhak Mendapat Rasa Bahagia.

Page | 6
 5. By imagining how the scenes would look like based on the screenplay.
6. Hanung Bramantyo was.
7. He expressed his interest in making a soundtrack album.
8. Hanung Bramantyo recommended a few GIGI songs to beused in that film.
9. Because a few GIGI songs have chemistry.
10. When / Since GIGI could provide a variety of colors to add all kinds of musical
nuances to enrich the Brownies movie.
11. Arman Maulana , as Vocalist.
- I Gede Dewa Budjana , as guitarist.
- Thomas Ramadhan,as bass player.
- Gusti Erhandy, as drums stand in player.
12. They have created a perfect blend of a movie and songs making Brownies film
tastier.
13. Its always fun to have a piece of Brownies in your mouth. But having it on your
stereo is more entertaining. No movie is perfect without a musical score and Original
Soundtrack of Brownies has proved it excellently.

3.4 ; 4.4 : Tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait pengandaian

terjadinya / dilakukannya sesuatu yang tidak nyata pada saat
ini dan pada waktu lampau.( Conditional Sentences Type II dan
Type III : past and past perfect ).

a).PRESENT CONDITIONAL SENTENCES ( CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE II ).

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE II : IMPROBABLE CONDITION OR PRESENT
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES .(= Bentuk kalimat pengandaian waktu sekarang ).
Yaitu untuk mengandaikan sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan kenyataan pada waktu
sekarang, sehingga tidak mungkin terjadi atau kemungkinan kecil terjadi
pada waktu sekarang.

In IF-CLAUSE, we use PAST TENSE ( untuk TO BE : WERE for all of the subjects.).
In MAIN-CLAUSE, we use PAST FUTURE TENSE.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE II IS CONTRARY TO THE FACTS. ( berlawanan dengan

kenyataan di waktu sekarang).

Example :
John, Helen, and Tom are waiting for Mary.
JOHN : We have been waiting for Mary for half an hour .
HELEN : Im afraid that she forgets that we have a meeting today.
JOHN : Tom, can you call her ?
TOM : Sorry . If I knew her number, I would telephone her.

Questions :
1. Who have been waiting for Mary ?
2. What will they do ?
3. What does John ask Tom ?
4. Does Tom know Marys number ?
5. What does he ( Tom ) think at that time ?
6. What do you think the last sentence mean ?

Page | 7
If Tom knew Marys number, he would telephone her.
It means : Tom doesnt know Marys number, so he doesnt ( will not ) telephone her. ( Or :
Tom doesnt ( will not ) telephone Mary because he doesnt know it).

EXERCISES :
Supply the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

1. If you went to bed earlier, you (not feel) so tired.

= If you went to bed earlier, you would not feel so tired.
It means : You dont go to bed earlier, so you feel so tired.

2. If We didnt know English better, we ( not read ) some English novels.

=If we didnt know English better, we would not read some English novels.
It means : We know English better, so we read some English novels.

3. If he ( not waste) so much time in class, he could make better progress.

= If he didnt waste so much time in class, he could make better progress.
= If he didnt waste so much time in class, he would be able to make better
progress.
It means : He wastes so much time in class, so he doesnt ( cant ) make better
progress.

4. We could be there in an hour if we ( leave) right away.

= We could be there in an hour if we left right away.
= We would be able to be there in an hour if we left right away.
It means : We are not there in an hour because we dont leave right away.

5. We would not have to work if today ( be ) Sunday.

= We would not have to work if today were Sunday.
It means : We have to work because today is not Sunday.
Or : Today is not Sunday, so we have to work.

We can change or form the conditional sentences with if Type II into conditional sentences
without if. The meaning of both sentences is same.

How to form the conditional sentences without if in Type II ?

1. By placing if clause in front of the main clause.
2. By placing auxiliaries were in front of the subject.

OR :
OMITTING IF IN CONDITIONAL SENTENCES.
Sometimes if is omitted, and the subject and verb are inverted.

We would not have to work if today ( be ) Sunday.

= We would not have to work if today were Sunday.
= Were today were Sunday, we would not have to work.
They mean : Today is not Sunday, so we have to work.
Or : We have to work because today is not Sunday.

EXAMPLES :
1. She would know what to do if Ucrit were here.
= Were Ucrit here, she would know what to do.

Page | 8
The sentence means : Ucrit is not here, so she doesnt know what to do.
( Ucrit doesnt know what to do because she is not here ).

2.If They had so much money, they would travel around the world.
= If They were to have so much money, they would travel around the world.
= Were they to have so much money , they would travel around the world.
They mean : They dont have so much money, so they dont travel around the world.
3. If we didnt study hard and regularly, we would not succeed.
= Were we not to study hard and regularly, we would not succeed.
They mean : We study hard and regularly, so we succeed ( will succeed ).

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE 2 : IMPROBABLE CONDITION :

1. What would you ( we,etc ) do if you ( we, etc.......?
2. What would happen if.......?

Examples :
1. What would you ( we, etc ) do if you ( we, etc ) were lazy ?
2. What would happen if you ( we, etc ) were not in a good mood ?

IF NOT = UNLESS
Example :
3. If the students didnt study hard, they would not pass the exam.
= Unless the students studied hard, they would not pass the exam.
= The students would not pass the exam unless they studied hard.
= Were the students not to study hard, they would not pass the exam.
They mean : The students study hard , so they pass the exam.

4. The students could maximize their mind unless they were lazy.
= The students could maximize their mind if they were not lazy.
= The students could maximize provided ( that ) they were not lazy.
= Provided ( that ) the students were not lazy they could maximize your mind.
The sentence means : The students are not able to maximize their mind because they are
lazy.

Provided (that ) = if
Supposing = what would happen if ?
Supposing the plane is late ?
= What would happen if the plane were late ?

Supposing the doctors didnt use X- Ray ?

= What would happen if the doctors didnt use X- Ray ?

But for = if it were not

Yesterday we got an invitation to come to a certain meeting. We promise that we will be
able to attend the meeting tomorrow morning or tomorrow evening.
But for the storm, we should arrive earlier = If it were not for the storm, we should arrive
earlier.
The sentence means : There is the storm, so we shall not ( we dont ) arrive earlier.

b).PAST CONDITIONAL SENTENCES / CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE III /

IMPOSSIBLE CONDITION .

Page | 9
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE III : IMPOSSIBLE CONDITION OR PAST CONDITIONAL
SENTENCES. (= Bentuk kalimat pengandaian waktu lampau.) Adalah untuk mengandaikan
sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan kenyataan pada waktu lampau, sehingga tidak mungkin
terjadi pada waktu sekarang.

In IF-CLAUSE, we use PAST PERFECT TENSE.( had + V3 )

In MAIN-CLAUSE, we use PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE. ( modals past + have + V3 ).

CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE III IS CONTRARY TO THE FACTS ( berlawanan dengan

kenyataan waktu lampau).

Example :
Usrok : Hi, Ucrit. I havent seen you for ages.
Ucrit : Well, I felt ill when I visited my sister in Bandung last week.
Usrok : Thats a pity. I was also in Bandung last week .
If I had known that you were ill, I would have gone to see you then.

QUESTIONS :
1. Who hasnt Usrok seen for a long time ?
2. What happened to Ucrit ?
3. Where was Usrok at that time ?
4. Did Usrok know that Ucrit was ill ?
5. Did he see Ucrit when he was in Bandung ?
6. What does the last sentence mean ?

If Usrok had known that Ucrit was ill, he would have gone to see her then.
= Had Usrok known that Ucrit was ill, he would have gone to see her then.
They mean : Usrok didnt know that Ucrit was ill, so he didnt go to see her then.
( Or : Usrok didnt go to see Ucrit because he didnt know that she was ill ).

We can also change or form the conditional sentences Type III with if into without if. And
the meaning of both sentences is same.
How to form the conditional sentences with if into without if in Type III ?
1. By placing if- clause in front of the main clause.
2. By placing auxiliary had in front of the subject.

Example :
I would not have been happy if my students had not had good ideals.
= Had my students not had good ideals , I would not have been happy.
= Unless my students had had good ideals, I would not have been happy.
The two sentences mean : I was happy because my students had good ideals.
( Or : My students had good ideals , so I was happy.

OR :
OMITTING IF IN CONDITIONAL SENTENCES.
Sometimes if is omitted, and the subject and verb are inverted.

Had I known it, I would have told you.

= If I had known it , I would have told you.
They mean : I didnt know it , so I didnt tell you ( I didnt tell you because I didnt know it ).
Had I known it = If I had known it.

Page | 10
IF NOT = UNLESS
Make into Conditional Sentences based on the fact below !

1.Fact : I met all of you last week, so I taught all of you in this class by giving a test.
= If I had not met all of you last week, I would not have taught all of you in this class by
giving a test.
= OR : I would not have taught all of you in this class by giving a test if I had not
met all of you last week.
= Had I not met all of you last week, I would not have taught all of you in this class by
giving a test.
= Unless I had met all of you last week, I would not have taught all of you in this class by
giving a test.

Example :
2.Unless Mr. Usrok had been hungry, he would not have been lazy.
= If Mr. Usrok had not been hungry , he would not have been lazy.
Or : Mr. Usrok would not have been lazy if he had not been hungry.
= Had Mr. Usrok not been hungry, he would not have been lazy.
The sentences mean : Mr. Usrok was hungry , so he was lazy.

EXERCISES :
Supply the correct form of the verb in parentheses and give their meanings !

1. If he had learned the truth, he ( be) very angry.

= If he had learned the truth, he would have been very angry.
= Had he learned the truth, he would have been very angry.
They mean : He didnt learn the truth , so he was not very angry.

2. If she had had your address, she ( write ) to you.

=If she had had your address, she would have written to you.
= Had she had your address, she would have written to you.
= The two sentences mean : She didnt have your address, so she didnt write to you.

3. I wouldnt have got ( gotten ) wet if I ( wear ) a raincoat.

=I wouldnt have got ( gotten ) wet if I had worn a raincoat.
= Had I worn a raincoat, I wouldnt have got ( gotten )wet.
They mean : I got wet because I didnt wear a raincoat.

4. I would have looked you up if I ( know ) you were living in Jakarta.

= I would have looked you up if I had known you were living in Jakarta.
= Had I known you were living in Jakarta, I would have looked you up.
They mean : I didnt look you up because I didnt know you were living in Jakarta.

5. If she ( have ) time yesterday, she would have gone shopping with you.
= If she had had time yesterday, she would have gone shopping with you.
= Had she had time yesterday, she would have gone shopping with you.
They mean : She didnt have time yesterday, so she didnt go shopping with you.

The expressions that we want to be used in Conditional Sentences Type 3 or Impossible

Condition are :
1. What would you ( we/she / he / etc )have done if you ( we/ etc).......?
2. What would have happened if .......?

Page | 11
Examples :
1. What would we have done if we had not had good or excellent mark ?
= If we had not had good or excellent mark, we would not have been happy.
= Had we not had good or excellent mark, we would not have been happy.
= Unless we had had good or excellent mark, we would not have been happy.
Fact / Meaning = We had good or excellent mark, so we were happy.

What do these sentences mean ?

1. Your mother might have punished you if you had come home very late.
=May be, your mother would have punished you if you had come home very late.
It means = Your mother didnt punish you, because you didnt come home very late.
( = Or : You didnt come home very late , so your mother didnt punish you ).

2. If we had not had spare time, we would not have done exciting activities.
= Unless we had had spare time, we ......
= Had we not had spare time, we......
They mean = We had spare time , so we did exciting activities.

3. Mr. Usrok would have known my address if you had given it to him.
= Had you given my address to Mr. Usrok, he would have known it.
= They mean =You didnt give my address to Mr.Usrok, so he didnt know it.

4. If you had been lazy, you would not have browsed the Internet.
= Had you been lazy, you would not have browsed the Internet.
They mean = I was not lazy, so I browsed the Internet.

5. If we had not had much and useful money, we might not have travelled around the
world.
= If we had not had much and useful money , may be we would not have travelled
around the world.
= Had we not had much and useful money, we might not have travelled around the
world.
= Unless we had had much and useful money, we might not have travelled around the
world.
They mean = We had much and useful money , so we travelled around the world.

6.You could have maximized your mind unless you had been lazy.
= You could have maximized your mind if you had not been lazy.
= You could have maximized provided ( that ) you had not been lazy.
= Provided ( that ) you had not been lazy you could have maximized your mind.
The sentence means : You were not able to maximize your mind because you were lazy.

Provided (that ) = if
Supposing = what would have happened if ?
Supposing the plane had been late ?
= What would have happened if the plane had been late ?

Supposing the doctors dont use X- Ray ?

= What would have happened if the doctors had not used X- Ray ?

But for = if it had not been

Page | 12
The day before yesterday we got an invitation to come to a certain meeting. We promised
that we would be able to attend the meeting the following morning or the day after.
But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier = If it had not been for the storm, we
should have arrived earlier.

EXERCISES OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES :

I. The following sentences state real situation.
Rewrite them stating the opposite situation using conditional sentences with if
and without if.

1. She didnt know my number, so she didnt ring.

=If She had known my number, she would have rung.
= Had she known my number, she would have rung.

2. She was lazy , so she did not read many books.

= If She had not been lazy, she would have read many books.
=Had she not been lazy, she would have read many books.

3. The workers are so slow ,so they cant finish it on time.

= If the workers were not so slow, they could finish it on time.
( = If the workers were not so slow , they would be able to finish it on time ).
= Were the workers not so slow, they could finish it on time.
(= Were the workers so fast, they could finish it on time ).

4. The maid was ill yesterday , so my mother was busy cooking.

= If the maid had not been ill yesterday, my mother would not have been
busy cooking.
= Had the maid not been ill yesterday, my mother would not have been busy
cooking.

5. My younger sister doesnt enjoy parties because she is very shy.

= If my younger sister were not very shy, she would enjoy parties.
= Were my younger sister not very shy, she would enjoy parties.

6. Iam very thin; perhaps thats why I feel the cold so much.
= If I were not very thin, I would not feel the cold so much.
= Were I not very thin, I would not feel the cold so much.

7. She didnt look beautiful and attractive , because she didnt wear a veil.
= If she had worn a veil, she would have looked beautiful and attractive.
= Had she worn a veil , she would have looked beautiful and attractive.

8. The teacher is kind and friendly, so the students like him.

= If the teacher were not kind and friendly, the students would not like him.
= Were the teacher not kind and friendly, the students would not like him.

9. The front door was locked, so I rang the bell.

= If the front door had not been locked, I would not have rung the bell.
= Had the front door not been locked , I would not have rung the bell.

10. The tea is very sweet ,so I dont drink it.

= If the tea were not very sweet , I would drink it.

Page | 13
 = Were the tea not very sweet , I would drink it.

II. Using mixed time in conditional sentences ( or : Exception ).

Change the following statements into conditional sentences with if !

1. Im hungry now because I didnt eat dinner. But.....

= If I had eaten dinner, I wouldnt be hungry now.

2. The room is full of flies because you left the door open. But.....
=If you had not left the door open, the room would not be full of flies.

3. You are not tired this morning because you went to bed at a reasonable hour last
night. But .........
= If You had not gone to bed at a reasonable hour last night, you would be
tired this morning.

4.Mbak Yul didnt finish my report yesterday, so she cant begin a new project
today. But........
= If Mbak Yul had finished my report yesterday, she could begin a new project.

5. Mbak Yul doesnt know anything about plumbing, so she didnt fix the leak in
the sink herself. But.......
= If Mbak Yul knew something about plumbing, she would have fixed the leak
in the sink herself.

6.Thuyul received a good job offer from the oil company, so he wont seriously
consider taking the job with the electronics firm. But.......
= If Thuyul had not received a good job offer from the oil company, he would
seriously consider taking the job with the electronics firm.....

Note :( In Exception )
In if clause : Past tense or Past Perfect Tense.
In main clause : Past Future tense or Past Future Perfect Tense.

III. Using progresive verb forms.

Change the following sentences into conditional sentences with if !
1. It is raining right now, so I will not go for a walk.
= If it were not raining right now, I would go for a walk.

2. He is not living in Chile. He is not working at a bank.

=If he were living in Chile, he would be working at a bank.

3.It was raining yesterday afternoon, so I didnt go for a walk.

=If it had not been raining yesterday, I would have gone for a walk.

4. He was not living in Chile last year. He was not working at a bank.
= If he had been living in Chile last year, he would have been working at a
bank.

5. Grandpa is not wearing his hearing aid because its ( it is ) broken. But.......
= If Grandpas hearing aid were not broken, he would be wearing it.

Page | 14
IV.CONDITIONAL SENTENCES USING : COULD, MIGHT, AND SHOULD.
1.If She were a bird, she could fly home.
Could fly = would be able to fly.
= If She were a bird, she would be able to fly home.

2. If She could sing as well as you, she would join the opera.
could sing = were able to sing.
= If She were able to sing as well as you , she would join the opera.

3. If He had had enough money, he could have gone to Florida for vocation.
could have gone = would have been able to go.
= If He had had enough money, he would have been able to go to Florida for
vocation.

4. If Mr. Y didnt get a scholarship , He might not have a spirit to improve his
study .
He might not have a spirit to improve her study = may be he would not have
a spirit to improve his study.
= May be Mr.Y would not have a spirit to improve his study if he didnt get a
scholarship.

( The sentence means : He gets a scholarship , so he has a spirit to develop his

study ).

5. If You had not asked him to go to the seminar, he might not have been able to
meet you.
He might not have been able to meet you = may be he would not have been able
to meet you.
= May be he would not have been able to meet you if you had not asked him to go
to the seminar.
( The sentence means : You asked him to go to the seminar, so he was able to
meet you ).

7.If there should be another world war, the continued existence of the human
race would be in Jeopardy. ( keadaan berbahaya).
= If there were another world war, the continued existence of the human race
would be in Jeopardy ).
= Should there be another war, the continued exixtence of the human race would
be in Jeopardy.

They mean : There is no another world war , so the continued existence of the
human race is not in Jeopardy.
If there should be indicates more uncertainty or doubt than If there were.

V. EXERCISES :
Give the same meaning !
1. You could get a reward if you were as the first rank. ( Type 2 ).
= You would be able to get a reward if you were the first rank.
2. If you could be a millionaire, you would travel around the world.
= If you were able to be a millionaire, you would travel around the world.

Page | 15
3.If you had had wings, you could have flown away.
= If you had had wings , you would have been able to fly away.
4. If you had been able to get the first rank , you could have got ( gotten ) the
reward.
= If you had been able to get the first rank , you would have been able to get the
reward.
5.If you were not tired, you might do so many activities.
= If you were not tired, may be you would do so many activities.
6. If you had not taken a bath , you might have smelled bad.
= If you had not taken a bath , may be you would have smelled bad.

3.5 ; 4.5 : Tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait hubungan

pertentangan dan kebalikan sesuai dengan konteks
penggunaannya. ( Subordinate Conjunctions : even if ; unless ;
however ; on the other hand ; in contrast ; nevertheless ).

however = akan tetapi

on the other hand = sebaliknya
nevertheless = meskipun begitu/ demikian , namun
unless ( = if not ) = jika tidak
even if = sekalipun, sungguhpun
in contrast = sebaliknya

The examples of subordinate conjunctions above :

1. Orna moved to New York; however, her mother stayed in Boston. ( contrast
).
2. They may go to the concert ; on the other hand, they may decide to attend
the lecture.
3. Mr. Neculescu was an invalid all his life ; nevertheless, he had an active
career. ( contrast ).
4. He never goes to any social function unless his wife can come with him.
5. He wont come even if he has nothing to do.
6. The company lost $ 7 million this quarter in contrast to a profit of $ 62
million a year.

3.7; 4.7 : Tindakan memberi dan meminta informasi terkait konsesi atau
kelonggaran. ( Conjunctions : even though; although ).

The examples of subordinate conjunctions : even though , although .

Even though and although introduce an adverb clause.
For examples :
a).Even though I was hungry, I did not eat.
= I did not eat even though I was hungry.
b). Although I was hungry, I did not eat.
= I did not eat although I was hungry.

(a) and (b) have the same meaning. They mean : I was hungry but I did not eat.

Page | 16
Sometimes we use though instead of although .

Lets compare :
1).Because I was hungry, I ate.
2) Because the weather was cold, I didnt go swimming.
Because expresses an expected result.
3). Even though I was hungry, I did not eat.
4). Even though the weather was cold, I went swimming.
Even though / Although expresses an unexpected or opposite result.

The other examples :

1. Though ( Although ) he was angry he listened to me patiently.
= He listened to me patiently though he was angry.
2. In spite of being angry he listened to me.
3. In spite of his anger he listened.
4. Last year Jack and Jill spent their holidays by the sea. It rained a lot but they
enjoyed themselves.
We can also say :
= Although it rained a lot, they enjoyed themselves.( = It rained a lot but
they enjoyed themselves).
= In spite of the rain, they enjoyed themselves.
= Despite the rain, they enjoyed themselves.
5. Although she smokes 40 cigarettes a day, she is quite fit.
6. Although it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.
7. She wasnt well, but in spite of this she went to work.
8. Iam not tired in spite of working hard all day.
9. In spite of the fact ( that ) I was tired, I couldnt sleep.
10. Shes quite fit despite the fact ( that ) she smokes 40 cigarettes a day.
11. Although the traffic was bad, I arrived on time.
= In spite of the traffic, I arrived on time.
12. I couldnt sleep although I was very tired.
= I couldnt sleep despite being very tired.

In spoken English , we often use though at the end of a sentence.

For exmples :
The house isnt very nice.I like the garden though. ( = but I like the garden ).
I see him every day. Ive never spoken to him though. ( = but Ive never spoken to
him ).

Even though is a stronger form of although ) :

For example :
Even though she was really tired, she couldnt sleep.

3.9 ; 4.9 : Lirik lagu terkait kehidupan remaja SMA.

A SONG :

I HAVE A DREAM

Page | 17
 BY : WESTLIFE ( KARA AND VIET SUB ) ( LYRICS )
( Source : YOUTUBE ).

I have a dream
a song to sing
To help me cope with anything
If you see the wonder,
of a fairy tale.
You can take the future even if you fail
I believe in angels,
Something good in everything I see,
I believe in angels,
When I know the time is right for me.
I ll cross the stream.
I have a dream.

THE MEANINGS :
= The singers dream is he wants to sing a song.
= By singing a song, it can help him to overcome anything.
= We can take the story from the fairy tale about our dreams and then we can apply
it in the future.
= If we fail, we may not ( need not )surrender, because we believe to the God and
the God will always help us.
= We always believe to God , because everything that is good in the world that can
be seen by us is just from the God.
= When the singer knows that the time is right for him to get his dream, so hell
face his hindrance.
= The singer believes that he can face his hindrance in getting his dream, because
he believes to the God that the God will help him.

I have a dream,
a fantasy.
To help me through reality.
And my destination makes it worth the while.
Pushing through the darkness.
Still another mile.
I believe in angels.
Something good in everything I see.
I believe in angels,
When I know the time is right for me.
Ill cross the stream.
I have a dream.

THE MEANINGS :
= The singer has a dream, although it is just a fantasy.
= The singer hopes that his dream can help him to be reality ( to come true ).
= The singer hopes that his destination ( his purpose ) in getting his dream will be
useful.

Page | 18
= The singer tries to overcome his difficulties in getting his dream although there
are still many hindrances.
= We always believe to the God , because everything that is good in the world that
can be seen by us is just from the God.
= When the singer knows that the time is right for him to get his dream, so hell
face his hindrance.
= The singer believes that he can face his hindrance in getting his dream, because
he believes to the God that the God will help him.

I have a dream
a song to sing
To help me cope with anything
If you see the wonder,
of a fairy tale.
You can take the future even if you fail
I believe in angels,
Something good in everything I see,
I believe in angels,
When I know the time is right for me.
I ll cross the stream.
I have a dream.
Ill cross the stream.
I have a dream.

THE MEANINGS :
= The singers dream is he wants to sing a song.
= By singing a song, it can help him to overcome anything.
= We can take the story from the fairy tale about our dreams and then we can apply
it in the future.
= If we fail, we may not ( need not )surrender, because we believe to the God and
the God will always help us.
= We always believe to God , because everything that is good in the world that can
be seen by us is just from the God.
= When the singer knows that the time is right for him to get his dream, so hell
face his hindrance.
= The singer believes that he can face his hindrance in getting his dream, because
he believes to the God that the God will help him.

NEW VOCABULARIES :
cope with = mengatasi, menanggulangi, menguasai.
wonder = keajaiban
fairy tale = cerita dongeng
angels = malaikat
cross = menyeberang
stream = sungai ( kecil )
fantasy = khayalan, lamunan.
worthwhile = berfaedah, berguna, bermanfaat

Page | 19
destination = tujuan, maksud.

SOURCES :
1. English National Examination.
2.The English book of DETIK DETIK , Published by INTAN PARIWARA.
3. English Grammar In Use ; By Raymond Murphy.
4. A Practical English Grammar ; By AJ Thomson and AV Martinet.
5. Fundamentals of English Grammar ; By Betty Schrampfer Azar.
6. Understanding and Using English Grammar ; by Betty Schrampfer Azar.
7. Lets write English ; by George E. Wishon and Yulia M. Burks.
8. Modern English ; by Marcella Frank.
9. Internet.
10. And the other English books or sources.

HAPPY STUDYING
( Ibu. Dra. Endang Rokhimaningsih )

Kebumen, January 14th, 2017

Approved by :
The Headmaster of State Senior High The English teacher of State
School One Kebumen Senior High School One
Kebumen

H. Agus Sunaryo, S.Pd, M.Pd

NIP. 19691208 200003 1 006 Dra. Endang Rokhimaningsih
NIP.19640318 198803 2 005

Page | 20