Escolar Documentos
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Cultura Documentos
Dulce Mara Soler Roger,I Yanet Rodrguez Perdomo,II Tania Prez Bueno,III Yamilka Rivern Alemn,IV Ivn Gastn Morales Lacarrere
I Doctora en Ciencias. Licenciada en Ciencias Farmacuticas. Investigadora Auxiliar. Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (CENSA). Mayabeque, Cuba.
II Licenciada en Radioqumica. Investigadora Agregada. Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (CENSA). Mayabeque, Cuba.
III Doctora en Ciencias. Ingeniera Qumica. Investigadora Auxiliar. Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (CENSA). Mayabeque, Cuba.
IV Licenciada en Microbiologa. Mster en Microbiologa Veterinaria. Especialista. Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria (CENSA). Mayabeque, Cuba.
V Licenciado en Ciencias Farmacuticas. Centro de Investigacin y Desarrollo de Medicamentos (CIDEM). La Habana, Cuba.
RESUMEN: En el pas hay muchas empresas e instituciones que producen y exportan quinua, para su
comercializacin esta necesita ser lavada, esta agua de lavado en muchas ocasiones es eliminada como
desecho sin valor alguno descartando tambin las ventajosas propiedades especficas que deben ser
identificadas y explotadas. El agua de lavado de la quinua es un residuo que por alto contenido de saponinas
es nocivo para el medio ambiente, el objetivo de esta tesis ha sido obtener saponinas hidrolizadas y no
hidrolizadas `para comprobar su actividad insecticida. Se realizo el anlisis fsico qumico del agua de lavado
de la quinua determinndose: 373 % Cenizas, 9720 mg/L de Slidos Totales, y Nitrgeno Total (Nitratos) 10
mg/L. Del Tamizaje Fitoquimico se logr determinar la presencia de cidos Grasos, Tripterpenoides y
Esteroides, Saponinas, Azcares. La determinacin cuantitativa de saponinas en el agua de lavado utilizando
el mtodo de hemlisis es 1.28x10-4 g/mL.
ABSTRACT: In the country there are many enterprises and institutions which produce and export South
American pigweed. For its commercialization it has to be washed; this washing water in many occasions needs
to be eliminated as a waste without any value discarding also the advantageous specific properties which must
be identified and exploited. The pigweed washing water is a residue which because of its high saponin content
is noxious for the environment. The objective of this thesis has been to obtain hydrolyzed and non-hydrolyzed
saponins to test its insecticide activity. The physical and chemical analysis of the pigweed washing water was
carried out determining 373% ashes, 9720mg/L total solids and 10mg/L total nitrogen (nitrates). From the
phytochemical sieving it was possible to determine the presence of Fat Acids, Tripterpenoids Steroids,
Saponins and Sugars. The saponin quantitative determination in water of washing using the hemolysis method
is 1.2x10-4 g/mL. The insecticide activity was determined incorporating the hydrolyzed and non-hydrolyzed
saponin at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5% in the basic diet of Drosophila melanogaster. The insecticide activity
of the hydrolyzed and non-hydrolyzed saponins on the Drosophila melanogaster analyzed at 25 days, has a
Dl50 of 0.08% for hydrolyzed saponins and 0.58% for the non-hydrolyzed saponins. Through 25 days analysis
an alimentary inhibition activity but not and insecticide activity are evident in the water saponins of the
pigweed washing.
Revista Cubana de Farmacia
CONCLUSIONES