Tema-02

ZONAS METAMORFICAS Y
FACIES
 George Barrow (1893-1912)

http://www.bgs.ac.uk/discoveringGeology/geologyOfBritain/archives/grizzlyBears/EBBailey.html
 Scottish Highlands

http://blogs.agu.org/georneys/2012/06/18/monday-geology-picture-tilted-rocks-along-the-river-dee-aberdeenshire-scotland/
http://search.ancestry.co.uk/
 Escocia

http://www.scottishgeology.com/geology/geology_of_scotland_map/scotland.html
 1. Filita

http://www.huntsearch.gla.ac.uk/cgi-bin/foxweb/huntsearch/DetailedResults.fwx?collection=all&searchTerm=143331&mdaCode=GLAHM
 1. Filita

Aprox 3.5 mm

http://teachserv.earth.ox.ac.uk/courses/es2-metrock/dalrad/1dalrad01.html
http://www.geo.umn.edu/orgs/whitney/Barrovian_sequence.htm
 2. Esquisto
Qz Fld Msk Biot

Aprox 3.5 mm

Asociacin: Bt + Chl + Ms + Ab + Qtz

http://teachserv.earth.ox.ac.uk/courses/es2-metrock/dalrad/1dalrad02.html
 3. Esquisto
Msk - Qz con Bt y Gnt

Aprox 3 mm
Asociacin: Grt + Bt + Chl + Ms + Qtz

http://teachserv.earth.ox.ac.uk/courses/es2-metrock/dalrad/1dalrad03.html
 4. Esquisto
Msk Qz - Stau con Bt y Gnt

Aprox 6 mm

Asociacin: St + Grt + Bt + Ms + Qtz

http://teachserv.earth.ox.ac.uk/courses/es2-metrock/dalrad/1dalrad04.html
 5. Esquisto
Qz - Bt con Ky

Aprox 6 mm
Asociacin: Ky + Bt + Ms + Pl + Qtz.

http://teachserv.earth.ox.ac.uk/courses/es2-metrock/dalrad/1dalrad05.html
 6. Esquisto
Qz - Fld con Bt Gnt - Sill

Aprox 7 mm
Asociacion: Sil + Grt + Bt + Kfs + Pl + Qtz

http://teachserv.earth.ox.ac.uk/courses/es2-metrock/dalrad/1dalrad05.html
 Zonas de Barrow
Mineral ndice - isgradas

http://www.earth.ox.ac.uk/~davewa/research/kinetics/kinpost1.html
 Isgrada
Es una reaccin: e.g.:
(Mg,Fe)5Al2Si3O10(OH)8 + KAl3Si3O10(OH)2 + SiO2 =
(Fe,Mg)3Al2Si3O12 + K(Fe,Mg)3AlSi3O10(OH)2 + H2O

La aparicin de un mineral depende de:

Condiciones del metamorfismo (P-T-fluido)

Taza se nucleacin y de reaccin
Composicin de la roca
Zonas metamrficas:
definidas por reacciones que resultan en la primera aparicin (o desaparicin)
de un mineral y que pueden ser cartografiadas como isgradas
Una secuencia tpica en rocas pelticas: zonas de Barrow
chl > bt > gnt > stau > ky > sill > sill + or

Zona de Barrow Asociacin mineralgica

Zona de clorita chl + msk + qtz + H2O + minerales relictos
Zona de biotita chl + bt + msk + qtz + H2O
Zona de granate chl + bt + gnt + msk + qtz + H2O
Zona de estaurolita stau + bt + msk + qtz + plg + gnt + H2O
Zona de cianita ky + bt + msk + qtz + plg + H2O
Zona de sillimanita gnt + bt + sill + msk + qtz + H2O
Segunda zona de
sillimanita o
sill + or + qtz + H2O + fundido y sin msk
Zona de sillimanita +
orthoclasa
 Zonas en Escocia

www.geol.lsu.edu/henry/Geology7900/Amphibole/...
 1. Neis
Qz Msk - Bt con And y Crd

Aprox 7 mm

Asociacion: Qtz + Msk + Bt + Crd + And

http://teachserv.earth.ox.ac.uk/courses/es2-metrock/dalrad/1dalrad07.html
 5. Esquisto
Qz - Fld con Bt Gnt - Sill

Aprox 7 mm
Asociacion: Sil + Grt + Bt + Kfs + Pl + Qtz

http://teachserv.earth.ox.ac.uk/courses/es2-metrock/dalrad/1dalrad05.html
 Diagrama P-T

Winter (2001)
 Asociaciones de Buchan
(Abukuma)

Zona de Buchan Asociacin mineralgica

Zona de clorita chl + msk + qtz + H2O + minerales relictos
Zona de biotita chl + bt + msk + qtz + H2O
Zona de cordierita chl + bt + gnt + msk + qtz + H2O
Zona de andalucita msk + bt + qtz + fld + and +gnt + H2O
Zona de sillimanita msk + bt + fld + crd + sill + msk + gnt + qtz + H2O
 Contact Metamorphism
Adjacent to igneous intrusions
Thermal ( metasomatic) effects of hot
magma intruding cooler shallow rocks
Occurs over a wide range of pressures,
including very low
Contact aureole
 Isgradas

Waterville and
calcareous Vassalboro
formations of south-
central Maine.
After Ferry (1983) J.
Petrol., 24, 343-376.

Winter (2001)
From Understanding Earth, Press
and Siever. Freeman.
 Pentii Eskola (18831964)

( Geological Survey of Finland).

Oslo: Kfld + Crd Orijrvi: Bi + Mu
2 KMg3AlSi3O10(OH)2 + 6 Al2AlSi3O10(OH)2 + 15 SiO2 = 3 Mg2Al4Si5O18 +
8 KAlSi3O8 + 8 H2O
Eskola (1915):

In any rock or metamorphic formation which has

arrived at a chemical equilibrium through
metamorphism at constant temperature and
pressure conditions, the mineral composition is
controlled only by the chemical composition. We
are led to a general conception which the writer
proposes to call metamorphic facies.
 Metamorphic Facies

The metamorphic facies proposed by Eskola and their relative temperature-pressure relationships. After
Eskola (1939) Die Entstehung der Gesteine. Julius Springer. Berlin. (Winter, 2001).
 Esquisto verde

Clorita albita epidota (zoicita) cuarzo (-actinolita)

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Chlorite_schist.jpg
 Anfibolita
B

<------------------------------------------
--------------------------->
5,5 cm

hornblenda plagioclasa (An>17) (- granate)

http://www.monanneeaucollege.com/minerauxpages/amphibolite.htm
http://www.earth.ox.ac.uk/~oesis/micro/index.html
 Eclogita

http://earth.boisestate.edu/home/cjnorth/more/photogallery.html
 Hornfels

http://earth.boisestate.edu/home/cjnorth/more/photogallery.html
 Sanidinite

https://www2.imperial.ac.uk/earthscienceandengineering/rocklibrary/viewrecord.php?cID=4905
 Granulita

http://www.npolar.no/geonet/items-picture-atlas/p_a_sv_13.html
http://jaeger.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au/Images/Mineralogical/Minerals/garnet/granulite.jpg
 Esquisto azul

http://www.npolar.no/geonet/items-picture-atlas/p_a_sv_13.html
http://www.union.edu/PUBLIC/GEODEPT/COURSES/petrology/met_minerals.htm
 Facies

http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil:Metamorphic_facies_EN.svg
 Facies

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Metamorphic_facies.svg
 Facies

Winter, 2001)
 Equilibrio

Estado de la roca (sistema) en el cual las fases

presentes estn en su forma ms estable y de
menor energa, y donde todas las fases son
compatibles con las condiciones de P-T-x.

(Barker,1998)
 Facies

Si alcanzan equilibrio, todos los sistemas

qumicos, con la misma composicin,
sometidos a las mismas condiciones,
desarrollarn la misma asociacin de fases.
Low T - Low P : Zeolite
Mod - High T - Low P : Prehnite-Pumpellyite Facies
Low T - High P : Blueschist
Mod to High T - Mod P : Greenschist - Amphibolite - Granulite
Mod - High T - High P : Eclogite
 Akiho Miyashiro (1921-2008)

http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/en/About/History/Obituaries%202001%20onwards/Obituaries%202009/Akiho%20Miyashiro%201921-2008
 Series de Facies

http://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/eens212/metaclassification&facies.htm
 Series de Facies tipo brico

http://www.whitman.edu/geology/winter/JDW_PetClass.htm
http://www.ugr.es/~agcasco/personal/
http://www.ugr.es/~agcasco/personal/
Facies
 Zonas de Barrow vs. Facies

http://lilt.ilstu.edu/emking/courses/petrology/lectures/pelites.ppt#265,10,AKF and AFM diagrams

 Zonas de Barrow Vs Facies

Tomado de Winter (2001)

 Viktor M. Goldschmidt (1888-1947)

http://www.uni-geochem.gwdg.de/www/2000/Deutsche_Hauptseite/Geochemie/Diverses/Historisches/Viktor_Moritz_Goldschmidt/vmgabb1.jpg
Estudi: Cornubianas pelticas, calcreas y psamiticas
cerca de Oslo
Defini: asociaciones relativamente simples (< 6) en la
zonas internas de granitoides
Defini que los minerales en equilibrio estn
relacionados con la roca total Xbulk