ASSESSMENT

1. Tugasan (Assignment) : 5 % (PROFFESIONAL TALK)

24 APRIL 2015 - FRIDAY 8.00a.m- 12.45p.m
DEWAN TUNKU MAHKOTA ISMAIL (DTM1)
- STUDENT MUST COME 7.45 am REGISTER
- 12 May 2015
2. Ujian (Test)
Ujian 1: : 10 % 28 APRIL 2015
Ujian 2: : 10 % 9 MAY 2015

3. Projek (Project) : 20 % (WEEK 13 12 MAY 2015)

4. Lain-lain (Others)(quizzes) : 5 %
5. Peperiksaan Akhir : 50 % (14 JUNE-4 JULY 2015)
(Final Examination)
Jumlah (Total) : 100 %
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 Chapter 4
Research and Development and
Commercialization

Chapter 5
Engineers & Private Sector
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4
 Definitions
Research both basic and applied is
systematic, intensive study directed
towards full scientific knowledge of the
subject studied.

Development is the systematic use of

scientific knowledge directed toward the
production of useful materials, devices,
systems, or methods, including design and
development of prototype and processes.
 Implication on contemporary issues

National industrial target and

planning needs capable engineers
with the criteria to design be able
to do research and development;
management skill and equipped with
strong background of theory and
practical.
 ENGINEERS ROLE
RESEARCH
Normally as a head in any
agency that authorised such
research.
Using their expertise on the
field in finding new materials
or better way of doing things
may it in terms of cost
effectiveness or time-saving.
DEVELOPMENT
Several key elements of an engineers
responsibilities:
To take part in value-added activities.
To have a high degree of profesional
education and just (sufficient) sense of
ethics and professionalism.
To maintain high standards in engineering
practices at all time.
To be aware of environmental and alert to
safety issues for sustainable development.
To consider all technological options in
order to find better or optimal alternatives
for the nation.
The key areas where growth in research and
development will be rapid :
The information technology sector.
Telecommunication sector
The manufacturing sector
The energy sector.
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The human resources sector
 Types of research and development
(R&D) and the desired output.
Scientists and engineers principally perform 2 types of R&D,
namely :

Fundamental research, i.e elementary

particles research.
Applied research, i.e product development.

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 (contd)
All (R&D) output is utmostly desired to be
produced and marketed.
Production is the process of manufacturing
the product.
Market is the release of the product to
consumers.
(R&D) is considered as part of production
process.

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 (contd)

3 different type of productions cycle

depending on the volume of end-
product
- mass production :
for high volume products
the product developed, tooling manufactured and marketed
e.g coca cola.

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 (contd)

process production :
- for moderately large number of unit.
the product developed, marketed with prototypes and produced as
demanded.
e.g supercomputers (microsoft at early stage)

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** EXAMPLE FROM KDDI CORPORATION

 (contd)
unit production :
for small number of unit.
the product is requested, developed through intricate (R&D) and
manufactured.
e.g measat satellite
 (contd)

(R&D) is costly and may not produce

immediate return from capital
Developed nation spend 2-3% and
developing countries spend 0.1-0.5% of
their GNP.

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 (contd)

Other ways of acquiring technology are :

technology transfer
reverse engineering
industrial espionage (morally and ethically
wrong thus highly not recommended.

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 4.6 Managing Research and
Development (R&D)
People
Who are analytical, curious, independent, intellectual, enjoy
sceintific and mathematical activities.
With internal standard and highly self-confidence
Who can interact with peers and has great tolerance
Who are creative are most desirable

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Managing Research and Development (R&D)

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 Communication networks

Tushman (1988) suggests :

a. the amount and pattern of communication within the project must
match the information processing requirements of the research
project.
b. The project must be linked to interdependent areas within the
firm/university department.

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 Communication networks
Tushman (1988) suggests :
c. The project must be linked to external sources of
information through direct contacts or through
gatekeepers (in FKAAS is the role played by CECTUS or
RECESS).
Have the beyond the organization project boundary
(contact with personnels from other universities with the
same field)

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 Research grant schemes

Multimedia Grant Schemes

- A grant scheme with RM 100 million of funding,
available for research in innovative ideas and
technologies to improve products and services.
- Open to MSC status companies which at least 51%
owned by Malaysians

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 Research grant schemes

Intensification of Research in Priority Areas (IRPA)

- IRPA funds priority areas in R&D that enhances the
national socio-economic position.
-Encourages collaborative efforts among research
institutions or private and public sector.
-Administered by IRPA Secretariat, which is part of
MOSTE.
-Table 3 shows the IRPA allocation for the year 1997
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Research grant schemes

Table 3

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 Research grant schemes
The fund is specifically requires the output to be
commercialized
Monitored by IGS scretariat at MOSTE
The objectives are :
a. to encourage innovative usage of and adapting existing
and creating new technologies and product
b. to strengthen national competetiveness in global
markets
c. to promote closer linkages between private and public
sector like universities and research institutes
d. to encourage strategic global and regional linkages in
R&D

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 Research grant schemes

Short Term Grant

- A grant that fund up to RM 100 000 cost of study
- Basic research that signifies the potential field of
study that need further research.
- Normally used by universities lecturers to do research
by means of their undergraduate or graduate students

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 QUIZ 1

Based on your understanding, state two(2) different

between engineer and lecturer in research development.
List three (3) responsibility of engineer to enhance the
development of research in Malaysia. (10 marks)

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