Technical Concepts With Switchgear 2017-11

Technical Concepts
with Switchgear
Unrestricted / Siemens AG 2017
Wind Turbine
Products of Siemens Wind Equipment (blue)
Main Power
Generator &
Power converter
Pitch & Yaw

Auxiliary functions
Power Distribution
Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Page 2 2017-11 Technical Concepts with Switchgear DF CP
Electrical Systems
Main Power & Auxiliaries
Contactor
Breaker
Gear- 690 V e.g.

box DFIG 20 kV
~
~
Converter 400 V
Auxiliaries:
Yaw, Pitch,
Heating,

Overview
Applications
Main Power Auxiliaries Yaw, Pitch

Circuit
Consulting
Security Safety Cold Climate

Sensors Evaluation Unit Actuators
- 20 - 40
Pitch Yaw
Contactor
Frequency
Converter
MSS
PLC
Turbine Control

Agenda
1 Main Power Circuit

2 Auxiliaries
3 Yaw
4 Pitch
5 Cold Climate
6 Safety
7 Security
8 Consulting for Panel Builders

Main Power Circuit
Infeed panel
Transformer
Main power circuit

Generator Transformer 20 kV
(Converter)

Generator & Converter
Fixed Rotor Speed Variable Rotor Speed
Gear ASG Gear ASG

Doubly fed induction
~ generator (DFIG)
~
Directly coupled induction
(asynchronous) generator
Gear ASG
~ Induction generator
~
with full inverter system
~ Synchronous
Gear SG
~ generator with full
inverter system

Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)
Large Contactor + Breaker
Stator Cabinet
~ 2/3 of current
Large Contactor + ACB Breaker
Contactor
Breaker
Gear- 690 V e.g.

box DFIG 20 kV
~
~
Converter 400 V
Converter Cabinet Auxiliaries:

Yaw, Pitch,
~ 1/3 of current
Heating,
Contactor + MCCB Breaker

Full Inverter System
Circuit Converter
Breaker (sometimes several
(non-automatic) modules parallel)
Contactor Circuit
Breaker
Examples
3 Contactors 3RT14, each 690 A * 2,5 (Derating) = 1.700 A 1,2 MW per Converter module
3 Contactors 3TF69, each 910 A * 2,5 (Derating) = 2.300 A 1,6 MW per Converter module
Contactors are used parallel at 690V, AC1

Agenda

2 Auxiliaries
3 Yaw
4 Pitch
5 Cold Climate
6 Safety
7 Security

Auxiliaries Controlling with SIRIUS System
Modular, Reliable, Established for many years
If space requirements inside the If power loss inside the Sure connections also at Vibrations. Spring Loaded
control cabinet have to be reduced cabinet has to be reduced Mounting, wiring and testing reduced
Fast, easy and safe assembly

Minimum coil power
18.5 kW on 45 mm width thanks to spring-loaded
means less heating &
55 kW on 70 mm width connection system, infeed
temparture in cabinets
systems and function modules

Auxiliaries
SIRIUS System
Modular Compact: 15 kW 3 kW 5.5 kW
45 mm
170 mm
Robust - CPS in IEC 60947-6-2 Even at a short circuit no welding of contacts

- Spring-loaded terminals Safe connection at vibrations or temperature changings
Remote - control of Power after a temporarily motor-overload
Service - Less cabling simple installation
- Removable Terminal Blocks easy exchange without failure

SIRIUS System
Spring Loaded Portfolio
Motor starter Overload Relay Solid State Soft Starter Motor Starter Compact Load Feeder Motor Starter
Contactor 3RT
protector 3RV 3RU, 3RB contactor 3RF 3RW 3RM1 Starter 3RA6 3RA2 ET200SP
Protecting and Switching Starting
Coupling relay Push Buttons SIRIUS Act

SIMOCODE 3UF Timing Relay 3RP Monitoring relay 3UG, 3RR, 3RS Safety Relay 3SK1, 3SK2 MSS 3RK3
3RQ, 3RS 3SU1
Monitoring and controlling Commanding and signaling Safety

Auxiliaries
Protection & Monitoring
Yaw Hydraulic Fan
Standard Scalable Monitoring & Protection Concepts
Overload
Window
Controlling components: Modular Reliable Established for many years

Monitoring of loads makes systems reliable & is helpful for preventive maintenance
Auxiliaries
Monitoring
Profinet
ET200S
400
690 V
Rotating CW CCW
direction
Yaw Hydraulic Fan
...
How to get information
Motor Protection Standard-IO before
overload or damage
Contactor stops the machine ?
Simple wiring Less information

e.g.: up to 12
Yaw - Motors
Complex Bus Many information
Auxiliaries
Monitoring Concepts
PROFINET
ET200S
400
690 V
Standard Monitoring Monitoring
SIRIUS Relay Motor Starter
Rotating CW CCW
IO-Link PROFINET
direction
Motor Protection
24V IO
Contactor
Overload Relay
3RR24
e.g.: up to 12
Yaw - Motors

Auxiliaries
Monitoring Concepts
PROFINET Monitoring of
ET200SP
400 current overshoot and undershoot
690 V
broken conductors
no-load operation and load shedding, e.g. in the event of a torn
Rotating CW CCW
V-belt or no-load operation of a pump
direction
Standard-IO
overload, e.g. due to an excessive load
the functionality of electrical loads such as heaters
wrong phase sequence on equipment such as cranes
high-impedance faults to ground, e.g. caused by
damaged insulation or moisture
Motor Protection
Overload
Contactor
24V IO
IO-Link Window
Monitoring Relay
3RR2
Monitoring
e.g.: up to 12
Yaw - Motors

Monitoring with IO-Link
Input / Output Signals
L+ Standard-IO IO-Link
1 C/Q
2 4
3
3 simple wires (signal, plus, minus)
L- replace many single wires and
transfers extensive Data
Internet
IEC 61131-9

Auxiliaries
Remote Control
Flexible Standard Motor Starter Motor Starter Motor Starter
up to 15 kW up to 3 kW up to 5.5 kW
Overload
e.g. one Yaw
Motor was
extreme cold
Electronic
Overload Relay
Switch on:
Manually or Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic
Remote (PLC) Remote (PLC) Remote Remote
(Safety PLC) (Safety PLC)
Switchgear Combinations
400 V 690 V, Short Circuit Case
Turbines become bigger and bigger.

Change 400 V 690 V, benefits:
No big transformer
Energy Saving
But this could create

extreme Short Circuit Current !
Approved Switchgear Combinations protect the turbine

400 V 690 V, Short Circuit Case
Input Service Short Circuit Case e.g. Normal Run

up to 69 kA 690 V
Breaker
400 V
Limiter
Breaker Breaker
Limiter Motor
Limiter Starter
Diesel ET200SP
Generator
Circuit
Breaker
1.Contactor
(Safety)
Generator Contactor
2.Contactor
(Safety)
AC 690 V Lift Service Heating of Ventilation

Grid Power Converter, Coolant Pump
Transformer Hydraulics, Yaw-Motors

Tested & Approved
Documentation & Support SIOS: Download
Tested and certified Load Feeders

Recommendations at the designing period
Each Customer has another design
Support by experts & Test Laborities (in Amberg) is
offered
Easier Approvals with Authorities and Certifications /

Test Laborities
enclosed pdf-File
Further Benefits
No 400 V- Transformer (only 230 V, PLC)
much smaller cabinet
Safe energy (e.g. 3% of all auxiliaries)
Safe costs
Auxiliaries
Maintenance
Removable Terminal Blocks

easy exchange without failure
More
Parameters are in the PLC easy Configuration, also via TIA Portal
Wide Range up to 15 kW: 5 power variants only
Agenda

2 Auxiliaries
3 Yaw
4 Pitch
5 Cold Climate
6 Safety
7 Security

Yaw
Requirements
Power
Sensor
Controller
4 till 12 Motors
Turning of the nacelle has to be extreme reliable.

Robust and despite of this cost efficient concepts are needed,
which work 20 years for sure.
Established technologies, which approved the reliability of
operation are in demand here.
Preserve mechanics and permanent monitoring of loads is
needed for preventive maintenance.
Controlling with SIRIUS & Compact Starters Small, reliable and easy to use
Regulated Frequency Converters SINAMICS for high dynamic systems

Yaw
Compact Starter
Requirements Highlights
Compact (in turbines there is less room) Compact
High reliability Up to 15 kW (32 A at 400 V AC)
Technical Concept Reliably
CPS in IEC 60947-6-2
(Control & Protective Switching Device)
45 mm
Even at a short circuit: No welding of contacts
Remote-Reset after a temporarily motor-overload possible
(e.g. by software)
170 mm
Connection with spring-loaded terminals
safe connection even at vibrations and extreme temperature
changings
Easy
Less cabling simple installation
A Compact Starter combines functional switching, overload and short-circuit current protection
Contactor, circuit breaker, overload relay

Yaw
Concept with Compact Starters
PROFINET
ET200S
400V ~
Optional:
Soft Starter
preserve mechanics
Load Control
current, voltage IO-Link IO-Link
Limiter more short-
circuit current prevention
Compact Starter
Rotating direction CW CCW
Yaw-
Motors

Yaw
Monitoring with IO-Link
PROFINET
ET200S
Topics
~400V All operating data available
(Current, Voltage, Load, Energy, Earth fault)
Rotating IO-Link:
CW CCW Standard-IO
direction 3 simple wires (signal, plus, minus) replaces
many single wires and transfers extensive Data
... Compact & well proved standards

Could similar be used for pumps, fans
Short Circuit
Motor Protection Cost-efficient availability of data
Contactor
for preventive maintenance
IO-Link
Monitoring Relay:
Overload, Energy
3RR24
e.g.: up to 12
Yaw - Motors

Yaw
Benefits, Summary
IO-Link
Only one 3-wire-cable is needed to monitor and transfer all data of the application
All data are available at the PLC e.g. controller SIMATIC S7
Diagnosis & preventive maintenance.
Compact Starter
Remote or auto reset possible.
Variants enormous reduced: UL and IEC. Wide spread. Overload Class 10 or 20
Vibrations are no danger: With Cage Clamp technology you get a firm connection
At each single motor the following parameters are monitored all the time:
Switching status, end of service life, overload, short circuit and more
Soft Starter
Preserve mechanics and avoiding electric current peaks while starting of motors.
Additional increasing of compact starters life-time (switching operations).
All under control, compact and cost efficient

Agenda

2 Auxiliaries
3 Yaw
4 Pitch
5 Cold Climate
6 Safety
7 Security

Pitch
Robust Components
Extreme Requirements:
Vibrations & Centrifugal Force
Offshore & Salt-containig Air
Extreme Temperatures
Are industrial control products suited for such

harsh applications?

Pitch
Salt-containing air
Limit switch for final blade postion

Switches with improved protection against corrosion and stainless steel parts
Increased corrosion protection and up to IP 69K
Low temparture down to -40 C with
Confirmation of Germanischer Lloyd
In Pitch of customers (Moog) with offshore certificate salt fog tested
Recommended article numbers for easy selection:
Robust & highest reliability

3SE5112-0LH11-1AJ0
Electronic
E.g. printed circuit boards can be protected against salt
The whole electronic component is available for extreme temperatures, vibrations
SIPLUS Extreme

Pitch
Acceleration and Vibrations
Acceleration Tests Pitch

Acceleration direction)
In case of a network collapse, the rotor is able to reach
the maximum speed and the contactors switch off even
Fastening surface
with maximum acceleration (up to 7*g)!
Contactor
Operation under radial acceleration is supported up to

70m/s (confirmed by comprehensive tests)!
enclosed File
Vibrations
The complete components are shock tested.
But many problems in the long run are caused by faults in the wiring.
Spring-Loaded connection technology helps very much
Vibration- and impact-resistant connections

Agenda

2 Auxiliaries
3 Yaw
4 Pitch
5 Cold Climate
5.1 Process
5.2 Heating of Cabinets
5.3 De-Icing of Blades
6 Safety
7 Security
Cold Climate
Process
Certification of Wind Turbines

Components
IEC 61400
???

Cold Climate Versions of Turbines (CCV)
Ta Te
Turbine Components Mechanic Cabinet Electric Electronic
C
+50
Operation Temp. To
Energy Production Temp. Tp
IEC 61400 - Certification
Gearbox
Component Tc
Microbox
+40
SIPLUS S7-1200
SIRIUS for low Temp.
Energy Prod. Tp
+30
SIRIUS
Cabinet
+20
+10
0
Survival T. Ts
-10
Survival T. Ts
-20
CCV
-30
-40
-50
Ambient Temp. Ta
Enviromental Temp. Te
of the Wind Turbine
of the Components
Cold Climate
Start Phases
Heating of Cabinets
Main Cabinets
Oil in the gearbox
Start
Temperatures
Gearbox
Outside of the Wind Turbine
Temp. Ta = -30 C Start Start Full Energy

Enough Wind. Oil Pump Energy Production Production
Midium Wind Strong Wind

Mechanic in %
Rotation speed
Torque

Cold Climate
Heating of Cabinets
Heated Cabinets Not Heated Cabinets

Work after heating is finished G Works all the time
Standard components can be used
Components for low temperature
Converter cabinet
Communication
Main Control cabinet
Sensors (wind speed, temp.)
Pitch
Basic Logic & communication

Switchgears for Heating
Turn on the heaters
in the other cabinets, nacelle
~
~
690 V~ 400 V~
20 kV~

Cold Climate
Heating of Cabinets
Generator Nacelle
Wind Speed
Ambient Temp.
Main control cabinet

0C +60C
Main Cabinet
0C +60C
Basic Com.
Converter CPU Switch
Wind Farm
Management
3WL Heating Cabinet
Te > -40C
SIRIUS
400 /
230V~
690 V~
20 kV~

Cold Climate
Special Components
Switchgears
Inside of Cabinets SIRIUS
Standard down to -25 C
Low Temp. down to -40 / -50 C e. g. 3RV2011-1EA25-0BA0
Outside of Cabinets
The Pitch-Motor can be turned off at end-position by limit switches.
Low Temp. down to -40 C (3SE1AJ.) enclosed File
Confirmation of Germanischer Lloyd

e. g. 3SE5234-0CD03-1AJ1
These proven product characteristics distinguish Siemens from other and facilitate the
industrial controls' safe application in wind turbines.

De-Icing of Blades
Heating with Hot Air
Cabinet
Nacelle in each Blade
690 V~
PROFINET ET 200SP
Nacelle
Cabinet
Breaker 3RV2
in each Blade
Short Circuit Protection
690 V~ Contactor 3RT2

On/Off Switching
IO-Link 1 Monitoring Relay 3RR24

Voltage & Current
IO-Link 2 Overload Protection
Air Heating Fan Motor

e.g. 20 kW e.g. 1,5 kW

De-Icing of Blades
Heating with Hot Wires direct in the Blade material
760 V~
142 A
AC1
Nacelle Fuses,
Breaker
Short Circuit
Cabinet up to 40 kA
760 V~ Contactor S10

760 V~
760 V~
Heating
Wires 3 Branches (Abzweige).
One per Blade
Heating
Wires

Agenda

2 Auxiliaries
3 Yaw
4 Pitch
5 Cold Climate
6 Safety
6.1 Process
6.2 Single Functions
6.3 Overall Concept
7 Security
Safety
Process
Start End
Yes
Determination Has the

of the Hazard Risk Risk risk been No Risk
machines identification estimation evaluation adequately reduction
limits reduced?
Source: EN ISO 12100
Risk analysis
Safety Technical Concepts

Evaluation
Tool
Pitch Yaw
Contactor
Frequency
Converter
MSS
PLC
Turbine Control

Single Functions
Cable Twisting
400 V ~
PL c / d CW CCW Rotating
Rotary
direction
Encoder
Modular Safety System (MSS)

Safety Relay 3SK1
Azimut Gear Wheel
Short Circuit
PL d Protection
Contactor
Monitoring Relay:
Overload, Energy
Danger of
Cabel Yaw
Twisting Motors

Single Functions
Rotor Speed & Shock
Speed
Overspeed Tripping Device
3TK2810-1 Stop Wind Turbine:
Pitch Blades 90
Sensor Yaw Motors Stop
Brake on
PL c/d
Modular Safety System (MSS) Frequency

Converter
Srew Heads Safety Relay 3SK1
Shock Pitch Yaw

e.g. in
control cabinet
3SE5 MSS
3SK1
Ball in Shock
Ring Sensor

Overall Concept
MSS or Safety Relays
Emerency Cable Pitch: Shock

Stop Button Twisting Wrong Angle Sensor
Stop Wind Turbine:
Pitch Blades 90
Pitch-
Controler Yaw Motors Stop
Brake on
Safety Signals Frequency Contactor

Converter
Modular Safety System

or Safety Relay
No Safety Signals
3UG4
ET200S Pitch Yaw

IO-Link
Turbine Control
enclosed File
Rotor Speed 1 Rotor Speed 2

Overall Concept
MSS or Safety Relay
Modular Safety System 3RK3 Safety Relay 3SK1
Parameterize
Drag & Drop
High flexibility and reliability of planning: Modular design Simple thanks to a clear product portfolio and
More space in the control cabinet and lower costs thanks universal functionality
to a highly modular quantity structure
Flexible thanks to a modular product concept
More functionality and time saving through a
parameterizable software system and versatile parameterization
Extensive diagnostics on site and project documentation Economical thanks to little variance and low
using the MSS ES software wiring costs

Safety
Application Manual
SIOS Internet Link

Agenda

2 Auxiliaries
3 Yaw
4 Pitch
5 Cold Climate
6 Safety
7 Security

Securitiy
SIRIUS ACT / ID Key Switch
Key Switch RFID Key Switch
ID Key Rights People Actions e.g. PLC connection
Less Operator switches the machine on / off DI 1

Middle Adjuster changes parameters in the machine DI 2
Many Service Technician, Maintenance DI 3
All Developer changes Hardware and Software DI 4
Variable Anybody can be defined individually IO-Link

Securitiy
SIRIUS ACT / ID Key Switch
Local (simple) Application Network (comfort) Application
1 3
2
4 6
5
Rights
16
Turbine owner Cervice Centre
Each white ID Key has an individual Chipcode (like your credit card)
PLC in each Turbine allows actions, depending on the colour In each single Wind Turbine PLC the selected ID Keys with
Group Keys (no personal key) individual Rights are stored, and this PLC allows actions
Additional possible (in Preparation):
All ID Keys and Rights are stored in a central PLC in parallel
This PLC transfers the data to the PLC in eachTurbine

Securitiy
SIRIUS ACT / ID Key Switch Components
Local (simple) Application
3SU1900-0FV40-0AA0 gn 3SU1000-4WS10-0AA0 Plastic 3SU1500-0AA10-0AA0 Plastic 3SU1400-1GC10-1AA0 ET 200SP

3SU1900-0FW30-0AA0 ye 3SU1030-4WS10-0AA0 Metal 3SU1550-0AA10-0AA0 Metal 4 colours + 1 Key in/out 5 DI
3SU1900-0FX20-0AA0 rd
3SU1900-0FY50-0AA0 bl
Network (comfort) Application
3SU1900-0FU60-0AA0 wt
3SU1400-1GD10-1AA0 ET 200SP
RFID Key Chipcode IO-Link
Software PCT = Port Configuration Tool
integrated in TIA Portal (free of charge)
>FAQ IO-Link Connection
Securitiy ID Key Switch
PCT - Tool - module parameters

Agenda

2 Auxiliaries
3 Yaw
4 Pitch
5 Cold Climate
6 Safety
7 Security

Consulting
for Panel Builders
Consulting & Trainings

IEC 61439-1/60204-1, Low Voltage Guideline
UL 508A, Industrial Control Panels
NFPA 79, Industrial Machinery
Sales Support
Individual Consulting, also on customers site
Engineering & Documentation

Handouts to the Trainings for participants
Broschures
Cataloges
Guideline
CAx data efficient Engineering & Planning
Internet: Application Consulting Planning Efficiency

Consulting
3D models
CAE-Support
(Macros) Datasheets
Dimensional drawings
Data & Manuals

Instruction manuals
Configuration Support

Consulting
Top highlights
Feature Benefit
Tools for selecting and configuring Process acceleration thanks to central
products (e.g. SIZER, TIA selection selection and interfaces to
tool, configurators) conventional engineering tools
Design and dimensioning using Optimum, standard-compliant product
efficient tools (e.g. SIMARIS planning and system design for a wide range of

tool) applications
Online tools for individual document Efficient compilation of system

creation (CAx Download Manager, documentation
Siemens Industry Online Support Conversion of existing documentation
documentation) into multiple languages at the push of
a button
Easy downloading of 13 data types Time savings for data integration
(e.g. 2D/3D data, data sheets, Reliable data quality throughout the
certificates, documentation) whole process

Page 77
Consulting
Engineering offers in Internet
Internet:
Planning
Efficiency

Thank you for your Attention !
Sales Verticals (Industries)

DF CP S&MK V&KAM
Breslauer Strasse 5
90766 Fuerth
siemens.com


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Technical Concepts

Pitch & Yaw

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Gear- 690 V e.g.

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Main Power Auxiliaries Yaw, Pitch

Security Safety Cold Climate

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

1 Main Power Circuit

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Main power circuit

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Fixed Rotor Speed Variable Rotor Speed

Gear ASG Gear ASG

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Gear- 690 V e.g.

Converter Cabinet Auxiliaries:

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Contactors are used parallel at 690V, AC1

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

1 Main Power Circuit

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Fast, easy and safe assembly

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Robust - CPS in IEC 60947-6-2 Even at a short circuit no welding of contacts

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Protecting and Switching Starting

Coupling relay Push Buttons SIRIUS Act

Monitoring and controlling Commanding and signaling Safety

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Yaw Hydraulic Fan

Standard Scalable Monitoring & Protection Concepts

Controlling components: Modular Reliable Established for many years

Simple wiring Less information

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Turbines become bigger and bigger.

But this could create

Approved Switchgear Combinations protect the turbine

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Input Service Short Circuit Case e.g. Normal Run

AC 690 V Lift Service Heating of Ventilation

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Documentation & Support SIOS: Download

Tested and certified Load Feeders

Easier Approvals with Authorities and Certifications /

Removable Terminal Blocks

1 Main Power Circuit

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Turning of the nacelle has to be extreme reliable.

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Rotating direction CW CCW

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

... Compact & well proved standards

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

All under control, compact and cost efficient

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

1 Main Power Circuit

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Are industrial control products suited for such

Unrestricted Siemens AG 2017

Limit switch for final blade postion