Form 1

Science
Chapter 1 Introduction to Science

1.1 What is Science? 2. 3. Hazard symbols

1. (natural phenomena) a) crucible a. Corrosive(")

b) test tube - Hydrogen peroxide, concentrated hydrochloric
2. Science c) evaporating dish acid and sodium hydroxide
a) Biologi d) Cork, rubber stopper
b) Physics ( e) test tube holder test tube b. Highly flammable (
c) Chemistry ( f) syringe - White phosphorus, yellow phosphorus, petrol,
d) Geology ( g) Gl*** slide kerasene, ethanol
e) Astronomy ( h) Stop watch
f) Meteorology c. Explosive
i) beaker
- Sodium, pot***ium
j) conical flask
1.2 A Science Laboratory k) flat-bottomed flask
1. : d. Toxic/Poisonous (
l) filter funnel - Mercury, lead, sodium cyanide, hydrogen
m) tripod stand/wire gauze BBQ wire sulphide
gauze
n) Bunsen burner flame e. Harmful or Irritant(
o) test tube rack test tube - Ammonia, chlorine, chloroform
p) gl*** rod milo
q) retort stand&retort clamp f. Radioactive (
r) burette 50ml) - Uranium(, thorium, radium
s) gas jar ( sodium , ium
tcrucible tongs
u) measuring cylinder
v) thermometer
1.3 The steps in a Scientific Investigation 2. metre 1.6 Measuring Tools
- Determine a. mega--M--1 000 000 (million 1.
- smart guess(hyphothesis) b. kilo--k--1000(thousand, 1kg=1000g) - SI unit metre
- systemic investigation c. centi--c--0.01(1m=0.01cm)
smart guess is correct d. milli--m--0.001(1m=0.001mm) a.
- obervations e. micro----0.000 0016 0 mega -
- observations meaning -
- is correct b.
- 1.5 Weight and M*** - external calipers
1. Weight - internal calipers
1.4 Physical Quantities and Thier Units -
1. SI units international system of units - Spring balance, Compression balance 2.
2.M*** ( - SI unit (m x m) =m2
a. --metre--m -
b. --kilogram--kg - beam balance, lever balance ( 3.
c. --second-s - SI unit (m x m x m) =m3
d. --kelvin--K - method -- water replacement
e. --ampere--A
Chapter 2Cell as a Unit of Life

2.1 What is a cell?

Structures of Cells

Comparing Animal cell and Plant cell

Functions of cell structures 2.2 Unicellular and Multicellular Organisms

1. Cell membrane -- 1. Unicellular Organisms (

2. Cytoplasm -- - --Chlamydomonas, Euglena, Pleurococcus, Yeast cell (
3. Vacuoles -- vacuoles cell wall(
4. Chloroplasts -- (green pigment -- chlorophyll) - --Paramecium, Amoeba
5. Cell wall -- support -

2. Multicellular Organisms
- --Spirogyra, Mucor, Hydra
- --
2.3 Cell Organisation in the human body d. Nervous(
1. Cells -
- Red blood cell-- - Brain, spinal cord(, nerve fibres
- White blood cell--
- Muscle cell -- e. Lymphatic
- Nerve cell -- - anti-virus?
- Reproductive cell -- - Lymphatic duct( and thoracic duct
- Epithelial cell --
f. Excretory
2. Tissues -
- cell cell function - lungs, skin, kidneys

3. Organs g. Reproductive
- tissue function -
- Testis, penis, ovary, vagina
4. Systems
- organs task. h. Muscular
-
Systems--Function--***ociated organs - Muscles, tendons(
a. Digestive(
- i. Skeletal
-Mouth, oesophagus(,stomach, pancreas, liver, intestine -
- Bones and cartilages(
b. Respiratory
- chemical energy) j. Endocrine
- Nose, Trachea(, Lungs -
- Glands(, pancreas, ovary, testis
c. Blood circulatory(
-
- Heart, vein(, artery(

5. The organisation of human cells

- Cell-> Tissue-> Organ-> System-> Organismz
Chapter 3
Matter

3.1 What is Matter? 3.3 The Concept of Density

1. Matter 1. D=M/V g/cm3g cm3
2. Heat light, matter.
2. density 1g/cm3
3.2 The States of Matter 3. density(g/cm3)
1. Solid
a. Solid==
b. a. Cork--0.2s
c. b. Wax--0.95
d. c. Perspex--1.2
e. (density) d. Aluminium--2.3
2. Liquid e. Iron--7.9
a. f. Lead--11.4
g. Copper--9.0
b.
h. Gold--19.3
c. (takes the shape of container)
d. Liquid
e. mecury i. Kerosene--0.7
j. Petrol--0.7
3. Gas k. Water--1.0
a. l. Tetrachloromenthane--1.6
b. m. Chloroform--2.9
c. n. Mercury--13.6
d. (occupy the whole space of
container) Gas
e. o. Hydrogen--0.0001
f. p. Air--0.0012
q. Oxygen--0.0013