Abnormal Psychology CLP3144 Exam 1 (Ch 1-4)

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1. Bella received inpatient mental health Psychiatric 14. ____ figures are lower than ____ figures incidence;
treatment. Who is most likely to have nurse because they exclude preexisting cases. prevalence
checked in with her on a daily basis to
15. Juanita uses a survey to ask students about self-report
provide support and help her cope with the
their dreams. The information obtained data
hospital environment?
from surveys is one form of ____
2. Taijin kyofusho, in Japan, refers to an Offending
16. In a pharmaceutical study, neither the double-blind
anxiety disorder relating to the fear of ____ others by
researcher nor the subjects know who is
one's gaze,
taking the drug and who is taking the
facial
placebo. This type of study is called ____
expression, or
body odor 17. Garcia has depression and an anxiety comorbidity
disorder. The term that describes one
3. The factor that is manipulated is called ____ independent
person having two or more disorders is ____
variable
18. People tend to be more comfortable there can be
4. A procedure called ____ generates a TMS
disclosing a physical illness than a mental a stigma
magnetic field on the surface of the head
disorder because ____ associated
through which underlying brain tissue is
with a
stimulated so researchers can evaluate the
psychiatric
behavioral consequences.
diagnosis
5. What type of research design is being Correlational
19. Thomas suffers from depression following as an
utilized in the study of differences between
an important life event. He is most likely to outpatient
individuals who have a particular disorder
receive treatment ____
and those who do not?
20. At one time, homosexuality was considered social
6. A disorder that is short in duration, such as acute
abnormal behavior, but no longer is. This judgements
temporary depression over the loss of a
demonstrates the fact that decisions about
loved one, is ____
abnormal behavior involve ____
7. Abnormal psychology is concerned with understanding
21. Jia followed a group of people with longitudinal
____ the nature,
schizophrenia for ten years to determine
causes and
what factors may have occurred before the
treatment of
onset. Jia's research employed a ____ design.
mental
disorders 22. From a research perspective, the more ____ representative
a sample is, the more likely the researchers
8. The lifetime prevalence of having any DSM- 46%
will be able to extend the findings to the
5 disorder is about ____
general population.
9. To test his hypothesis, Dr. Grant used a comparison
23. Within the DSM-5, mental disorders will a behavioral
control group, also called a ____ group
likely be defined as ____ or
10. A contract killer with antisocial personality maladaptive psychological
disorder displays behavior that is ____ for syndrome
and toward society.
24. Kelly provides crisis intervention at the community
11. What is the strongest correlation between +-1.0 community mental health clinic. The on- mental health
two variables? staff psychiatrist reviews her work and worker
makes recommendations for follow-up care.
12. Lilly became upset when she heard stereotype
Kelly is probably a ____
someone in the coffee shop say that all
people with schizophrenia commit violent 25. Monique has a drinking problem, as do family
crimes. Lilly knows this ____ is untrue. other members of her family. When a aggregation
disorder runs in families, there is ____
13. Researchers cannot study everyone in the sampling
world with a particular abnormality, so they 26. Various surveys indicate that admission to decreased
use ____, in which they select subjects who mental hospitals has ____ substantially
are representative of people with the in the last 45
condition. years
27. A ____ is an attempt to explain, predict, or hypothesis 41. Most early asylums were primarily meant to serve as
explore something. ____ residences or
storage
28. Statistical significance is influenced by the sample size
places for
size of the correlation between two
the insane
variables and by ____
42. Deinstitutionalization over the last 20 years inadequate
29. Which of the following mental health psychiatrist
has led to an increase in homelessness. This mental health
professionals can prescribe medication?
is most likely caused by ____ services in
30. Angela has regular episodes of crying it is a the
during the first month following the death predictable community
of a loved one. This behavior does not fit and culturally
43. Which of the following was used by ice pick
the DSM-5 definition of a mental disorder sanctioned
Freeman to server neural connections in the
because ____ response to a
brain in order to treat mental illness?
particular
event 44. Behavioral perspective is organized around the role of
a central theme that focuses on ____ learning in
31. The foundation of psychological observation
human
knowledge comes from ____
behavior
32. To be considered abnormal, a behavior is statistically
45. The Pinel experiment tested the view that mental
typically ____ rare and
____ patients
undesirable
should be
33. Which of the following is a disadvantage of It uses treated with
classification? shorthand and kindness and
can therefore consideration
lead to a loss
46. Without censoring, Rebecca responded free
of information
freely to open-ended questions and association
34. Mental health ____ is the study of the epidemiology provided information about her feelings,
distribution of mental health disorders in a motives, and thought. She was using a form
population. of ____
35. Mrs. Leverenz's students watched a group direct 47. For the past ten years Jen has worked in a classical
of girls play with different toys. The observation building with a large clock tower. Every day conditioning
students wrote down the number of times at noon, the clock chimes loudly, signaling
each girl played with each type of toy. This that it is time for lunch. One weekend, Jen is
technique is an example of ____ visiting a friend in another city, and as they
36. The best known of the earlier paradigms doctrine of are walking down the street, a clock tower
for explaining personality or temperament the four begins chiming. It is only 10:00 a.m., but
is the ____, associated with the name humors suddenly Jen finds she is hungry. This is an
Hippocrates and later with the Roman example of ____
physician Galen. 48. Benny is seeing a psychoanalyst to address unconscious
37. Michael decided to undergo hypnotism to catharsis his anxiety. His psychoanalyst asks him to
help him quit smoking. He described how record his dreams in an effort to explore
he felt a ____, or a significant emotional Benny's ____ and uncover experiences that
release, upon awakening from his Benny might not be aware of.
hypnotized state. 49. Koro is a fear of ____ genital
38. Paracelsus believed that mental illness is spiritual retraction
caused by a conflict between the 50. The learning theorist who developed B. F. Skinner
instinctual and ____ natures of an individual. operant conditioning is ____
39. ____ was a method of treatment that Moral
focused on a patient's social, individual, management
and occupational needs.
40. William Healy believed juvenile urbanization
delinquency was a symptom of ____
51. Aristotle held the view that ____ "thinking" as 64. Josef Breuer and Sigmund Freud serving as a milestone
directed would made an impact with their paper in the study of the
eliminate pain On the Psychical Mechanisms of conscious and
and help to Hysterical Phenomena, a paper unconscious
attain pleasure ____
52. Sigmund Freud was a brilliant, young psychoanalysis 65. This philosopher recognized that Plato
Viennese neurologist and lecturer on individual differences in intellect
nervous diseases and is considered the and other abilities affected
father of ____ behavior.
53. Early writings show that demonic exorcism 66. Researchers have noted that dopamine
possession was treated with ____ antipsychotic drugs such as
phenothiazines modify the levels
54. The premise of ____ was that all people mesmerism
of ____, a neurotransmitter
possessed magnetic forces that could be
associated with schizophrenia.
used to influence the distribution of the
magnetic fluid in other people, thus 67. ____ was the leader in establishing Dorothea Dix
affecting cures. mental hospitals to replace insane
asylums.
55. Tarantism is a disorder that includes an dance
uncontrollable impulse to ____ 68. Carla was diagnosed with ____. In depression
early days, this would have been
56. The philosopher who believed that the Hippocrates
called melancholia.
brain was the central organ of the
intellectual activity and that mental 69. Mesmer's methods are most hypnosis
disorders were due to brain pathology closely associated with this
was ____ modern practice.
57. Which of the following is the most famous Pavlov's dog 70. General paresis, a condition of the syphilis
example of classical conditioning? brain, is also known as brain ____
58. If a woman showed symptoms of hysteria, pining away for 71. What did behavioral psychologists They believed it did
Hippocrates diagnosed her condition as children believe about the study of the not provide
being caused by her uterus ____ subjective experience through free acceptable scientific
association and dream analysis? data because such
59. The classification system developed by the DSM-IV-TR
observations were not
Emil Kraepelin was the forerunner of
open to verification by
which of the following?
other investigators.
60. Which ancient philosopher believed that Plato
72. Jordan continued to have his reinforcing
people who were mentally disturbed were
neighbors drive him around even
not responsible for their actions?
after his broken leg was healed.
61. Neurasthenia is a condition that was lifestyle His neighbors' continued
thought to result from ____ problems assistance was a ____ contributory
brought on the factor to Jordan's feeling of
demands of helplessness.
civilization
73. A person who unexpectedly wins intermittent
62. Kelly's cat knew that if it pulled on the operant at gambling and keeps playing reinforcement
chain, it would get food to drop into the may be affected by the principle
bowl. This is an example of ____ of ____
conditioning.
74. What is an accurate statement They are chemical
63. Galen's contributions to our understanding dissection of regarding neurotransmitters? substances released
of the human nervous system came from animals into the synapse
____
75. The four types of psychological
factors that can each have
important detrimental effect on a
child's socioemotional development
are ____
76. Colleen's fear of the dark causes
her considerable distress. This
would be considered a ____
77. In ____ conditioning, an individual
learns how to achieve a desired
goal. The goal in question may be
to obtain something that rewarding
or to escape from something that is
unpleasant.
78. A conditioned response may return
at some future point in time, a
phenomenon Pavlov called ____
79. A causal pattern of abnormal
behavior is known as an ____
80. There are several basic themes of
____. They are 1) existence and
essence; 2) our essence; 3) meaning
and value; and 4) anxiety and the
encounter with nonbeing, or
nothingness.
81. Bowlby's ____ emphasizes the
importance of early childhood
relationships in forming healthy
adult relationships.
82. In Japan, the goal of parents is to
____
83. The ____ theory focuses on how
thoughts and information
processing can become distorted
and lead to maladaptive emotions
and behavior.
84. Which of the following is a
neurotransmitter?
85. Recent research seems to show a
correlation between persistent
parental poverty and a child's ____
86. This type of therapist focuses on
changing specific behaviors and
emotional responses ____
Early deprivation or 87. Deshawn is extremely unhappy at work. stress
trauma, inadequate His boss is very demanding and he is
parenting styles, having trouble keeping up with all of his
marital discord and demands. He often feels unqualified for
divorce, and his position. Deshawn has recently
maladaptive peer begun calling in sick a few times a
relationships month because he feels he cannot face
the day in the office. This behavior is a
phobia
response to which of the following?
88. Four types of parenting styles have authoritative
been identified that seem to be related
instrumental (operant)
to different developmental outcomes for
the children. Research has found that
the ____ parenting style is the most
effective.
89. Medications that facilitate the effects of agonists
a neurotransmitter on the postsynaptic
spontaneous recovery
neuron are called ____
90. On average, children who ____ have have been
lower levels of education, employment, abused
etiology
and earnings.
91. The biopsychosocial viewpoint states biological,
existentialism
that ____ play a role in psychopathology psychological,
and treatment. and sociocultural
factors
92. Schizophrenia is a mental illness whose are similar
basic patterns of disturbed thoughts and
behaviors ____ across cultures, although
attachment theory
the symptoms may vary.
93. Cortisol provides negative feedback to decrease
the hypothalamus and pituitary to ____
their release of CRH and ACTH, which in
anticipate every need
turn reduces the release of adrenaline
their child might have
and cortisol.
cognitive-behavioral
94. To understand what is abnormal, one developmental
must have a good understanding of psychopathology
normal human development at
biological, psychological, and
sociocultural levels of analysis. This has
Serotonin been the focus of the rapidly growing
field of ____
IQ 95. A nerve impulse is electrical in nature axon
and travels from all the cell body of a
neuron down the ____
behavior therapist 96. Certain medications act to increase or synaptic
decrease the concentrations of
pertinent neurotransmitters in the ____
gap.
97. What is the relationship
between the id and the
pleasure principle?
98. It is estimated that
approximately ____ of people
who are homeless are affected
by severe mental illness.
99. A nerve impulse is electrical in
nature and travels from the
cell body of a neuron down
the ____
100. Premenstrual syndrome
contributed to the mood
swings that Sondra was
experiencing. This is an
example of ____ that effect
relevant brain and body areas
for different disorders.
101. Which of the following
comprises a person's total
genetic endowment?
102. In Japan, the goal of parents is
to ___
103. The site of communication
between the axon of one
neuron and the dendrites or
cell body of another neuron is
the ____
104. Personality traits and mental
disorders are more often
influenced either by
abnormalities in some of the
genes on the chromosomes or
by naturally occurring
variations of genes known as
____
105. According to object-relations
theory, a child symbolically
incorporates into his or her
personality (through images
and memories) important
people in his or her life
through a process of ____
106. One theory hypothesizes that
hopelessness (X) is a ____
cause that guarantees the
occurrence of depression (Y).
The id operates on the 107. When some kind of stressor operates diathesis-stress
pleasure principle, on a person who has a vulnerability
engaging in completely for that disorder, it is explained as the
selfish and pleasure- ____ model.
oriented behavior,
108. Research has shown that African involvement in
concerned only with the
American men who experience and street violence and
immediate gratification of
perceive high levels of discrimination domestic partner
instinctual needs.
are also more likely to report ____ violence
one third
109. Research comparing the incidence of parental neglect is
parental abuse to parental neglect far more common
shows that ____
110. Leonora had dealt with poverty in her resilience
axon
childhood; being laid off was not a
crisis for her. Her friend, Christine,
who had a privileged childhood, was
devastated when she was laid off. In
hormonal imbalances this example, Leonora is showing ____
111. Dario wants to know if a client's MRI
disorder is being caused by an
abnormality in the brain structure. The
test he would order to determine this
would be an ____
112. Eisenberger, Lieberman, and Williams were excluded
genotype
(2003) found that participants who from social
____ showed a similar pattern of brain participation
activation as participants
anticipate every need their experiencing physical pain.
child might have
113. A dysrhythmia may be discovered EEG
synapse using an ____
114. New assessment data collected examine the
during the course of treatment can be effectiveness of
used to ____ different
treatments,
polymorphisms evaluate the
outcome of the
treatment and
modify to the
client's treatment
plan
115. Jonathan experienced seizures after a neuropsychological
head injury. He was examined by a test
introjection doctor, and the doctor recommended
a ____ to find out important behavioral
information on how the brain damage
is affecting Jonathan's present
functioning.
116. Why would it be inappropriate to ask It is more important
a client about his dental care during to ask questions
sufficient an assessment of social context? about the client's
social interactions
117. The physical assessment is important for produce 128. The ____ test requires the subject to read, MMPI
disorders that entail physical problems, behavioral comprehend, and answer verbal material.
such as a psychologically based physical symptoms Patients who are illiterate, or confused
condition, addictive, and organic brain that closely cannot be recommended to take the test.
syndromes that can ____ mimic those
129. The MMPI-2 is the most widely used forensic
of mental
personality test for clinical and ____
disorders
assessment.
118. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised vocabulary
130. The ____ may include both a general physical medical
uses this type of test to evaluate a person's
examination and special examinations aimed evaluation
general intelligence.
at assessing the structural (anatomical) and
119. Compared to older versions of the DSM, is not as functional (physiological) integrity of the
the DSM-5 ____ concerned brain.
with clarifying
131. If two psychotherapists interview the same reliable
diagnostic
client and arrive at similar conclusions about
classification
the client, one could say that the results are
120. The new DSM-5 allows for gender related Males show a ____
differences to be incorporated into the greater
132. During the TAT test, Jeff saw a series of tend to
diagnosis. All of the following have been tendency to
simple pictures, some highly project their
noted except: lie and run
representational and others quite abstract, own
away from
about which he was to make up stories. The conflicts
home (THIS
content of the pictures, much of them and worries
IS FALSE)
depicting people in various contexts, is into their
121. Kyler was documenting his feelings of self- highly ambiguous as to actions and motives, stories
anxiety, avoidance behavior, and panic monitoring so subjects ____
attacks and when they occurred. He would
133. A therapist is demonstrating ____ when he is cultural
then discuss the patterns that emerged with
involved in a multicultural assessment and competence
his psychiatrist. This method of
uses testing procedures that have been
collaboration is called ____
adapted and validated for culturally diverse
122. A ____ refers to a procedure by which psychological clients.
clinicians, using psychological tests, assessment
134. The ____ approach assumes that all human categorical
observations, and interviews, develop a
behavior can be divided into "healthy" and
summary of the client's symptoms and
"disordered" categories.
problems.
123. Once a treatment has been determined, it is entered
____ so that it will always be possible to into the
check back and see why a certain course of client's
therapy was undertaken. record
124. Where intellectual impairment or ____ is organic brain
thought to be central to a patient's damage
problem, intelligence testing may be the
most crucial diagnostic procedure in the
test battery.
125. A ____ not only describes a patient's current dynamic
situation but also includes hypotheses formulation
about what is driving a person to behave in
maladaptive ways.
126. An ____ is a graphical record of the brain's EEG
electrical activity.
127. Signs and symptoms are criteria used in the define the
DSM symptom to ____ recognized
categories of
disorders
135. Classification is ____ a way to communicate about 142. The DSM-5 diagnostic criteria or combines
particular clusters of abnormal Persistent Depressive Disorder ____ diagnostic criteria
behavior in agreed-upon and from two diagnoses
relatively precise ways; a from DSM-IV:
product of human invention; a Chronic Major
necessary step toward Depression and
introducing order into a Dysthymic Disorder
discussion about nature, causes,
143. In the hands of a skilled interpreter, Rorschach test
and treatment of behavior
the ____ can be useful in uncovering
136. During Ben's EEG, the an irregular pattern in the brain's certain psychodynamic issues, such
technician noted a electrical activity as the impact of unconscious
dysrhythmia. What did motivations on current perceptions
the technician see? of others.
137. Casey had a hard time labeling 144. The BPRS is used to measure ____ clinical symptoms
finding a job, even
145. Compared to older versions of the incorporates more
though she had
DSM, the DSM-5 ____ theoretical shifts in
documentation proving
diagnostic thinking
her schizophrenia was
being controlled 146. During a sleep study, researchers EEG
effectively by might perform this on a client in
medication. This is one order to assess brain activity during
problem that results sleeping and waking states.
from ____ 147. Most diagnostic categories in the new a listing of subtypes
138. Marge explained to her presenting problem DSM-5 include ____ and specifiers
therapist that she was 148. A white, American psychologist may cultural bias
having trouble sleeping interpret an Asian client's lack of eye
and maintaining contact as evasion or dishonesty. The
personal relationships. Asian client is actually averting her
These complaints are gaze as a sign of respect. This is an
known as the ____ example of ____
139. A ____ refers to a psychological assessment 149. If a medical specialist wanted to PET scan
procedure by which pinpoint the site responsible for the
clinicians, using epileptic seizures of a patient, they
psychological tests, would use a ____
observations and
150. These assessment tools are effective rating scales
interviews, develop a
in giving a comprehensive
summary of the client's
impression, or "profile," of the
symptoms and problems.
subject and her or his life situation.
140. A ____ not only describes dynamic formulation
a patient's current
situation but it also
includes hypotheses
about what is driving a
person to behave in
maladaptive ways.
141. There are two major Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
psychiatric classification of Mental Disorders
systems in use: the
International
Classification of Disease
system and the ____