SEMESTER SYLLABUS FOR V SEM.

TO VIII SEM
T351 Pharmaceutical Technology I. (Theory)
(3hrs/week) 45 Hours
Section-I
Sr. TOPICS Hrs.
No.
1 Preformulation: Objective, study of physico chemical properties of drug like physical form, 04
particle size, shape, density, wetting, dielectric constant, solubility, PKa, partition
coefficient, dissolution on an organoleptic property and their effect on formulation , stability
and bioavailability.
2 Tablets: - Formulation development: types of tablets, properties of drugs such as 07
compressibility, flowability, dose, stability, site of drug release & absorption, additives &
factors affecting their selection. Formulation and manufacture of tablets and quality control
of tablets.
Introduction to advance granulation techniques: Extrusion-spheronization
& pelletization & spherical crystallization, fluid bed granulation. Problems
in tableting & remedies there of.
3 Coating of Tablets: - Types (sugar, film & press coating). Material used & processed 04
employed for each, coating equipments including diff. Types of coating pans, fluid bed
coating. Evaluation of coated tablets & packaging of coated tablets.
4 Hard Gelatin & Soft Gelatin Capsules :- Introduction, shell excipients, Mfg. of shells, 04
properties of raw materials, environmental controls, evaluation, filling equipments for hard
Soft gelatin capsules. Processing, I.P.Q.C., evaluation of finished capsules & official
standards.
5 Semisolid Dosage Forms: - Classification, dermatological & transdermal preparations- 04
Emulsion, Gel & Ointment Preparations, mechanism of drug penetration, transdermal
penetration enhancer-Probable Mechanism & Examples. Ointments: bases, formulation
factors. Mfg. processes & equipments, packaging & evaluation, quality control.

Section-II
Sr. TOPICS Hrs.
No
6 Packaging science: Primary and secondary packaging material- component of packages and 05
various accessories, packing material selection their evaluation, closure, pilfer proof and
tamperproof packaging ,child resistant packaging, blister and strip packing.

7 Disperse Systems: - Introduction, theories of emulsifications and suspensions-DLVO Theory,

types of additives used in formulations, vehicles, stabilizers, preservatives wetting agents, 07
emulsifying agents, colors and flavors. HLB values and its determination. Manufacturing,
packaging and evaluation of emulsions and suspensions. Introduction to micro and multiple
emulsions.
8 Suppositories: Ideal requirements of bases, manufacturing procedure, packaging and
evaluation. 04
9 Pharmaceutical Aerosols: Definition, propellants, general formulation, manufacturing and
packaging methods, pharmaceutical application and Evaluation. 04
10 Pilot Plant Scale Up: Groups responsibilities-Facilities-example of scale up 02

Total Hrs. - 45
Books Recommended:

1. Leon Lachman et al. Theory & practice of Industrial pharmacy, Lea & Febiger Varghese Publishing house,
Mumbai.
2. H.A. Lieberman & Leon Lachman. Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Tablet Vol. 1, 2, 3. Marcel Dekker
Series.
3. G.S. Banker & C.T. Rhodes. Modern Pharmaceutics. Marcel Dekker Series.
4. H. C. Ansel-- P’ceutical dosage forms & drug delivery systems. B.I. Waverly Pvt.ltd, New Delhi.
5. Alfanso R. Gennaro-- Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences. Mack Publishing Company, Easton
Pennsylvania.
6. E.A.Rawling-- Bentleys T.B. of pharmaceutics. Bailliere Tindall {London} & All India Traveller Book Seller
Delhi.
7. H. Lockhart-- Packaging of Pharmaceuticals and healthcare products. Blackie academic & professional.
London.
8. D A Dean, E R Evans & I.H. Hall--Pharmaceutical packaging Technology. Taylor & Francis Newyork.
9. Swarbrick & Boyan -- Encyclopedia of Pharm. Tech. Vol. 1, 2, 3. Marcel Dekker Series
10. Nielloud -- Pharmaceutical emulsion and suspensions- Vol. 105-Marcel Dekker.
11. Niazi- -Handbook of Pharmaceutical manufacturing formulations- (Vol. 1-6)
12. J.R. Robinson & Lee – Controlled drug delivery systems: Fundamentals & Applications. Marcel Dekker
Series
13. Dilip M. Parikh- Handbook of Pharmaceutical Granulation Technology: Marcel Dekker, Vol. 81,New York
14. Podezeck & Jones-- Pharmaceutical Capsules

10
 P351 Pharmaceutical Technology I. (Practicals)
(3hrs/week)

1. Physico chemical evaluation of any 4 excipients*.

2. Preparation & evaluation of compressed tablet (wet, dry granulation & direct compression) **

3. Tablet coating. (Demonstration)\

4. Filling of hard gelatin capsule & its evaluation**

5. Formulation and evaluation of ointments*

6. Formulation of Emulsions (liq. paraffin émulsion & Turpentine liniment) *

7. Formulation and evaluation of Suspensions (calamine lotion & antacid suspension) **

8. Formulation and evaluation of Dry syrup**

9. Formulation and evaluation of Suppository (Two)* *

Note: In final Practical Examination ask only for two evaluation parameters, in case of major expt. And one
parameter in case of minor expt

Major Expt.: * *

Minor Expt.: * {All preparations may act as minor expt}

Books Recommended:

1. Leon Lachman et al. Theory & practice of Industrial pharmacy, Lea & Febiger Varghese Publishing house,
Mumbai.
2. H.A. Lieberman & Leon Lachman. Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Tablet Vol. 1, 2, 3. Marcel Dekker
Series.
3. G.S. Banker & C.T. Rhodes. Modern Pharmaceutics. Marcel Dekker Series.
4. H. C. Ansel-- P’ceutical dosage forms & drug delivery systems. B.I. Waverly Pvt.ltd, New Delhi.
5. Alfanso R. Gennaro-- Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences. Mack Publishing Company, Easton
Pennsylvania.
6. E.A.Rawling-- Bentleys T.B. of pharmaceutics. Bailliere Tindall {London} & All India Traveller Book Seller
Delhi.
7. H. Lockhart-- Packaging of Pharmaceuticals and healthcare products. Blackie academic & professional.
Londan.
8. D A Dean, E R Evans & I.H. Hall--Pharmaceutical packaging Technology. Taylor & Francis Newyork.
9. Swarbrick & Boyan -- Encyclopedia of Pharm. Tech. Vol. 1, 2, 3. Marcel Dekker Series
10. Nielloud -- Pharmaceutical emulsion and suspensions- Vol. 105-Marcel Dekker.
11. Niazi- -Handbook of Pharmaceutical manufacturing formulations- (Vol. 1-6)
12. Dilip M. Parikh- Handbook of Pharmaceutical Granulation Technology: Marcel Dekker, Vol. 81,Newyark
13. Podezeck & Jones-- Pharmaceutical Capsules
14. Official Compenelias I.P. B.P. U.S.P
Examination Pattern is as follows

Sr. No. Types of Question Sessional University

Duration 3 Hrs 4 Hrs
1 Synopsis 5 10
2 Viva Voce 5 10
3 Exp. Major - 30
Minor 10 20
4 Journal Marks 10 -
Total Marks 30 70
 T352 Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry–I (Theory)
(3Hrs /week)
Sr.no. Topic Hours
Section I
1. Introduction: Medicinal Chemistry: Definition And Objectives— 03
using the internet for medicinal chemistry; Sources of Drugs-
Serendipity, Random Screening, Extraction from Natural Sources,
Molecular Modifications.
2 Theoretical Aspects of Drug Action: The Ferguson Principle; Drug 06
targets: Molecular mechanisms of drug action; Measurement and
Expression of Drug Effects.
Physicochemical parameters affecting drug action: Solubility,
Partition Coefficient, Surface Activity, pKa, Ionisation.
Stereochemistry and drug action: Optical isomerism, Geometrical
isomerism, Bio-isosterism.
3 Metabolism 06
Routes of Elimination: Factors Affecting Metabolism – Genetic
Factors, Physiological Factors, Pharmaceutical Factors, Drug
Interactions.
Metabolic Process- Phase I (Oxidation, Reduction &
Hydrolysis) and Phase II (Glucuronide Conjugation,
Acetylation, Methylation, Sulphate Conjugation,
Conjugation with amino acids and Mercapturic acid formation)
4 Introduction to Receptor Concept 06
History, Affinity, Receptor & biological response, Drug Receptor
interaction, Forces involved in drug receptor interaction. Receptor
Theories, Conformational flexibility and multiple modes of Action
SECTION II
The following topics should be covered with the points listed below
1. Introduction
2. Classification
3. Mechanism of action
4. Structure-activity relationship
5. Pharmacokinetics (Metabolism) and
6. Therapeutic uses
7. Synthesis of drugs official in IP (listed in respective classes)
5 Drugs Acting on ANS
a. Drugs Acting on Cholinergic Nervous System: Atropine sulphate, 06
Pilocarpine nitrate
b. Drugs Acting on Adrenergic Nervous System: Adrenaline, 04
Noradrenaline, Prazosin hydrochloride, Propranolol, Clonidine
hydrochloride 03
c. Local Anaesthetics: Benzocaine, Lignocaine, Procaine
hydrochloride
 6 Drugs Acting on Cardio Vascular System: 11
Anti-Hypertensives, Anti-Arrhythmic Agents, Anti-anginal agents,
Anti-hyperlipidemic agents
Captopril, Enalapril, Diltiazem hydrochloride, Nifedipine, Verapamil
Total Hrs-45
Books Recommended:
1. Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, Foye, Lemke and Williams, Indian Ed. B. I.Waverly, Pvt.
Ltd. New Delhi 1995
2. Wilson and Gisvold, Textbook of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, J. N.
Delgado, W.A. Remers, Lipincott-Raven 10th Ed., 1998
3. Essentials of Medicinal Chemistry by Koralkovas, 2nd edition, Wiley- Inter Sci. Pub. 1988
4. The Organic Chemistry of Drug Synthesis: Daniel Lednicer, John Wiley and Sons.Inc.Vol.-6
5. Profiles in Drug Synthesis: V.N. Gogte
6. Burger's Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery (Vol. 1-6) Wiley Inter Sci. Pub
7. Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry by Harkishansing & Kapoor
8. Principle of Medicinal Chemistry (Volume I & II) by Kadam, Mahadik and Bothara
9. Unit Processes in Organic Chemistry, V ed., Groggins, P. H., Tata McGraw Hill

P352 Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry –I (Practicals)

(3Hrs/week)

Sr. no. Topic

1 Synthesis of the following compounds
p-bromothiophenol*
o-Iodo benzoic acid and o-chlorobenzoic acid (Sandmeyer Reaction)**
Benzilic acid from benzoin*
Toluene-p-Sulphonate*
Acetanilide from Acetophenone (Beckmann Rearrangement)**
Benzanilide from Benzophenone**
Benzoic acid*
Benzylidine acetophenone **
2 A) Microwave oven synthesis of the following compounds [Ref. 4, 5, 6]
Benzil*
Benzpinacol*
Benzillic acid*
Succinic anhydride*
Ethyl benzoate*
3-methyl -1- phenyl -5-pyrazolone**
4-nitrobenzyl benzoate*
Phenytoin**
Benzocaine**
Butamben**
2,3 Diphenylquinoxaline**
Minimum Twelve numbers of Experiments should be performed.

*Minor **Major Experiments

Book Recommended

1. Text Book of Practical Organic Chemistry - A.I. Vogel

2. Practical Organic Chemistry - Mann and Sanders
3. Systematic Identification of Organic Composition, Shriner and Fuson
4. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 39 (4 ) Oct-Dec. 2005, 188-190
5. Organic Synthesis Special techniques V. K. Ahluwalia, Renu Aggrawal, Nerosa publishing
house , p. no. 90 - 114
6. Sharma S. V., Badamis S. et al. Indian Drug 40(8) August 2003, 450 - 454

Examination Pattern is as follows

Sr. No. Types of Question Sessional University

Duration 3 Hrs 4 Hrs
1 Synopsis 5 10
2 Viva Voce 5 10
3 Exp. Major - 30
Minor 10 20
4 Journal Marks 10 -
Total Marks 30 70
T353 Pharmacology-I (Theory)
(3hrs/Week)

Sr. Topic No of Hrs

No.
Section-I
1. General pharmacology
a) Introduction and definition, history, sources of drugs. 02
b) Routes of administration of drugs. 02
c) Absorption of drugs and Biological factors affecting them. 02
d) Drug distribution, Bio-transformation and excretion 03
e) Mechanism of drug action – molecular and biochemical receptors and drug- 10
receptor interactions, Theories for receptor mediated action. Concept of pD2.
Signal transduction process. Dose response relationship, structure-activity
relationship
f) Factors modifying drug effects- Synergism, Antagonism, Drug Tolarance,, 05
Tachyphylaxis.
Section-II
General pharmacology- 04
g) Drug toxicity-Toxicity studies in Animals, ADR in Man.
Note:- The Term Pharmacology used hereafter and in examinations refers to the classification, mechanism of
action, pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, adverse effects, contraindication, therapeutic uses and dosage.
2. Pharmacology of drugs acting on Autonomic Nervous System
a) Introduction- neurohumoral transmission 02
b) Adrenergic and cholinergic receptors 02
c) Adrenergic drugs-bronchodilators and nasal decongestants 03
d) Adrenergic receptor blockers, Adrenergic neuron blockers 02
e) Cholinomimetics, Anti-cholinesterases and Drugs used in Myasthenia gravis 04
f) Antimuscarinic agents 02
g) Ganglionic blockers and stimulants 01
h) Neuromuscular blocking agents 01
Total Hrs. 45

Books Recommended

1)Satoskar R.S, Bhandarkar S.D, Rage N.N. Pharmacology and Pharmcotherapeutics. Popular Prakashan Mumbai
19th edition
2)Barar F.S.K. Essentials of Pharmacotherapeutics, S.Chand & Company Ltd. New Delhi
3)Tripathi K.D. Essentials of medical Pharmacology ,Jaypee New Delhi 2004 5th edition
4)Rang H.P., Dale M.M. et.al. Pharmacology. Churchill Livingstone, New Delhi 2005 5th edition
5) Katzung B.G .Basic & Clinical Pharmacology Mc-graw Hill, New Delhi 2001. 8th edition.
6) Lewis’s Pharmacology. Churchill Livingstone London,1980 5th edition
7) Goodman Gilman, The Pharmacological basis of therapeutics. Mc-graw Hill New Delhi 2001 10th edition
8) Seth S.D. Textbook of Pharmacology Elsevier, New Delhi 2004 2nd Edition
 9) Harvey R.A., Champe P.C. Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews-Pharmacology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins ,
Pennsylvania. 2000 2nd edition .
10) Grahame-Smith D.G. & Aronson J.K. Oxford textbook of clinical Pharmacology and drug therapy . Oxford
University press London. 2002 3rd edition
11) Foster R.W. Basic Pharmacology, Arnold ,New Delhi 2001 ,4th edition
12) Stahl S.M.. Essential Psychopharmacology Cambridge University Press New Delhi 2003 2nd edition
13) Dipiro J.L. Pharmacotherapy Handbook. Tata McGraw Hill New Delhi.2004 5th edition.
14) Official books - Indian Pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia, United States Pharmacopoeia.
15) P.N.Patil, O.D.Gulati, R.Balaraman, Topics in The History of Pharmacology, B.S.Shah Prakashan,
Ahmedabad.
 P353 Pharmacology-I (Practicals)
(3hrs/Week)

1) Study of laboratory animals and various preparations of them used in animal experimentation.
2) Study of laboratory appliances used in experimental pharmacology.
3) Study of various physiological salt solutions used in experimental pharmacology.
4) To establish Dose Response Curve of any three agonists using suitable animal tissue preparation.**
5) To study the shift in D.R.C by Antagonists for above agonists-covering concept of Reversible and
irreversible antagonism.**
6) To determine PD2 value **
7) To study the various effects of drugs on Isolated frog heart using in silico model
(Ex- Pharm# ,X` Cology or any such Soft-ware)*

NOTES

1. Minor * Major**

2.Suitable animal preparation- Any experiment suitable to demonstrate the concept- It could be either in-vivo or in-
vitro, The animal selected may be mice, rat, rabbit, guinea pig as admissible as per prevailing Government/CPCSEA
guidelines. In case of in-vitro preparations- any tissue preparation from above animals or various tissues from goat
may be obtained from slaughter house/ abattoir /butcher shop

3. Agonist- Any agonist that can exhibit activity using the given preparation as reported in standard books/journals
may be selected e.g.-Adrenaline and other catecholamines, Acetyl Choline, Histamine, Serotonin, oxytocin etc.

4. Antagonist- Any antagonist that can exhibit blocking activity of above mentioned agonists in the given preparation
as reported in standard books/journals may be selected.

Minimum 12 experiments from above list must be conducted

Examination Pattern is as follows

Sr. No. Types of Question Sessional University

Duration 3 Hrs 4 Hrs
1 Synopsis 5 10
2 Viva Voce 5 10
3 Exp. Major - 30
Minor 10 20
4 Journal Marks 10 -
Total Marks 30 70

Books Recommended

1) Ghosh M.N. Fundamentals of Experimental pharmacology. Hilton & Company Kolkata 2005 3rd edition.
2) Vogel G.H. Drug discovery and evaluation. Springer Germany 2002 2nd edition.
3) Goyal R.K. Practicals in pharmacology. B.S. Shah Prakashan Ahmedabad 2005 5th edition.
4) Kulkarni S.K. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vallabh Prakashan. New Delhi, 5th edition.
5) Perry W. L. M. Pharmacological Experiments on Isolated preparations. E.&S.Livingstone, London1970, 2nd
edition.
6) Kasture S.B.Text book of Experimental Pharmacology, Career Publication Nashik.1 st edition, 2006.
7) Official books - Indian Pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia, United States Pharmacopoeia.
 T354 Pharmacognosy II (Theory)

(3 hrs/week)
Section I

Sr.No. Topic Hrs.

1. Study of Primary cell constituents : 12
Carbohydrates and related products.
Biological source, collection, preparation, chemical constituents, chemical test, uses,
substituents and adulterants of 1) Isapgol 2) Linseed 3) Honey 4) Acacia 5) Agar 6)
Sterculia 7) Tragacanth 8) Cellulose and its products 9) Pectin 10) Guar gum 11) Sodium
alginate 12)Inulin 13)Starch 14)Chitin
2. Biogenesis of Natural products 6
A brief introduction to biosynthesis
A brief account of primary and secondary metabolite’s production from carbon metabolism
in plants.
Production of Amino acid by shikimic acid pathway.

3. Study of fibers used in pharmacy: 3

Asbestos, Cotton, Glass wool, Nylon, Polyester, Silk, jute and Wool.
4. A brief introduction to natural colours and dyes: 2
Saffron, Cochineal, Annatto

Section II
5. A brief account to Plant bitters and Sweeteners 3

6. General introduction of lipids, enzymes, proteins and tannins. 14

Definition, classification , method of extraction, chemistry, and method of analysis of above

classes

Biological source, collection, preparation, chemical constituent, chemical test for

identification and uses of the following:
Almond oil, castor oil, cod liver, Sesame oil, cotton seed oil ,Wheat germ oil, bees wax,
cocoa butter, olive oil, jojoba oil, shark liver oil, and wool fat.

Bromelain, diastase, papain, pepsin, trypsin, pancreatin, Gelatin.

Pale catechu, black catechu, gall and myrobalan, balerica, amla, arjuna, ashoka,
pterocarpus.

7. An introduction to potential cardio-vascular, anticancer/cytotoxic and antibiotic drugs from 5

marine sources

Total Hrs- 45
Books Recommended:

1. Faulkner D. J. and Fenical W. H. , Marine Natural Product Chemistry (NATO conference series 4) plenum
press, New York
2. Horborn J. B. Phytochemical methods, Chapman and Hall, International Edition, London
3. Horborne J. B. Biochemistry of Phenolic Compounds, Academic Press, New York.
4. Iyengar M.A. , Pharmacognosy Lab Manual. Manipal Power Press, Manipal
5. Khandelwar K.R., Practical Pharmacognosy, Nirali Prakashan
6. Kokate C. K. Practical Pharmacognosy, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi
7. Kokate C. K. Purohit A. P. and Gokhale S. B. , Pharmacognosy (degree ) Nirali Prakashan
8. Manitto P. The biosynthesis of natural products, EllisHarwood, Chichester
9. Official methods of analysis, Association of official analytical chemists publications, Washington
10. Pridham J. B. and Swain T., Biosynthetic Pathways in Higher Plants, Academic Press, New York
11. Trease, G.E. and Evans, W.C. Pharmacognosy, 12th Edition, Bailliere Tindall, Eastbourne, U.K.
12. Tyler, V.E., Brady, R., Pharmacognosy
13. V.D.Rangari, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Volume I & II
14. Wallis, T.E. Textbook of Pharmacognosy, J.A. Churchill Limited, London
15. Whistler R.L., Industrial Gums, Polysaccharides and their derivatives, 2nd Edition, Academic Press, New
Delhi.
 P354 Pharmacognosy II (Practicals)
(3 hrs/week)

1) Chemical test for following drugs *

- Carbohydrates; Acacia, Agar, Tragacanth, Starch, Honey, Alginate and Pectin.
- Lipids; Specific chemical tests for Fixed oils.(Almond,Castor,Sesame ,olive & cotton seed oil)
- Proteins; Gelatin
- Tannins; Hydrolysable and condensed tannins*
2) Identification of following fibers by chemical tests.*
Ex: cotton, Jute, silk, wool
3) Analysis of fixed oil: acid value, Iodine value and Saponification value of above mentioned any 3 fixed oils.**
4) Isolation of polysaccharides/mucilages and their evaluation. **.
5) Isolation and identification of papain.**

* Minor and ** Major experiment

Books Recommended:

1) Clarke ECG, Isolation and Identification of Drugs, The Pharmaceutical Press, London
2) Horborn J. B. Phytochemical methods, Chapman and Hall, International Edition, London
3) Iyengar M.A. , Pharmacognosy Lab Manual. Manipal Power Press, Manipal
4) Khandelwar K.R., Practical Pharmacognosy, Nirali Prakashan
5) Kokate C. K. Practical Pharmacognosy, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi
6) Kokate C. K. Purohit A. P. and Gokhale S. B. , Pharmacognosy (degree ) Nirali Prakashan
7) Official methods of analysis, Association of official analytical chemists publications, Washington
8) Tyler, V.E., Brady, R., Pharmacognosy
9) V.D.Rangari, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Volume I & II
10) Wallis, T.E. Textbook of Pharmacognosy, J.A. Churchill Limited, London
11) Whistler R.L., Industrial Gums, Polysaccharides and their derivatives, 2nd Edition,Academic Press, New Delhi.
12) Indigeneous drugs by R.N.chopada

Examination Pattern is as follows

Sr. No. Types of Question Sessional University

Duration 3 Hrs 4 Hrs
1 Synopsis 5 10
2 Viva Voce 5 10
3 Exp. Major - 30
Minor 10 10+10
4 Journal Marks 10 -
Total Marks 30 70
 T355 Unit Operation II (Theory)
(3hrs/week)
Section-I
Sr. No. TOPICS Hrs.
Note: - Numerical problems not included.
1 Heat Transfer: - Modes of heat transfer, heat transfer in solid & liquids, heat transfer 04
equipments, heater & heat exchanger.
2 Distillation :- Boiling point & equilibrium diagrams, principles of fractionation, small 05
scale & large scale batch type & continuous type fractionation, fractionating
columns & their accessories, reflux, vacuum, steam distillation & their molecular
distillation. Application of distillation to solvent purification, mfg. of essential oils &
3 alcohol distillation.
Drying: - Theory & mechanism of drying, equipments, classification, batch dryers, 05
continuous dryers, atmospheric pressure & vacuum dryers, introduction to tray,
cabinate, truck, tumbling, fluidized bed, spray, drum, rotary & freeze drying. Uses of
4 dryers in pharma departments like tablets.
Measurements :- 04
Pressure: - Classification & description of various pressure measuring devices.
Temperature: - Various direct & indirect (remote) methods use mechanical & electrical
5 principles.
Safety :- Hazards & their classification - mechanical, fire, chemical & occupational,
their types & prevention, fire & explosion - Chemistry of fire, classification of fire, 04
method of extinguishing accidents - unsafe actions, unsafe conditions, financial
losses, costs prevention. Accidents safety training & education.

Section-II
Sr No TOPICS Hrs.
6 Environmental control:- air handling , air conditioning ,refrigeration , water vapour - air 03
mixture ,humidity and particulates in air refrigeration , application of environmental
control in pharma department like powder , Tablets,capsules.
7 Evaporation: - Introduction, Factors influencing rate of evaporation, classification of 05
evaporates, pan kettles, horizontal tube, vertical tube & film evaporators. Evaporator
accessories, multiple effect evaporators .application related to galenicals.
8 Water purification:- Deionization, reverse osmosis and distillation processes and large scale 02
for mfg.
9 Extraction:- Solid -liquid and liquid-liquid extraction ,various small scale and large scale 04
equipment , application of various extractors in the extraction of drugs.
10 Crystallization:- Crystal forms and habits , solubility curves , supersaturation, nucleation , 06
growth, yield and purity -Mier’s theory-crystallizers, their classification, design, operation
and selection, uses of crystallizers in the mfg. of various therapeutic entities having
specific crystalline nature .
11 Centrifugation: Theory, classification of centrifuges, principle, construction and working of 03
the centrifuges Ex: Perforated basket centrifuge, Horizontal continuous centrifuge, super
centrifuge and conical disc centrifuge.

Total Hrs. :- 45

Books Recommended
1) K. Sambamurthy-- Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Age International Pvt. Ltd.
2) W.L.Badger & J. T. Banthero-- Introduction to Chemical Engineering
3) David Ganderton. --- Unit Process in Pharmacy, Medical Books Ltd. London
4) G.G. Brown--- Unit Operations
5) Robbert H. Perry, Don W, Green.---Perry’s Chemical Engineering Hand Book, 7th edition, International
Edition, McGraw Hill
6) N.G.Pandya., C.S.Shah---- Elements of Heat Engines, Charotar Book Stall, Tulsi Sadan, Anand (W. Rly),
India
7) Donald P. Eckman ---- Industrial Instrumentation , Seventh Wiley Eastern, Reprint, 1983, Wiley Eastern
Ltd, 4835/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110 002.
8) Hickey Anthony --- Pharmaceutical Process Engineering, Marcel Dekaar, 2001
9) C. V.S. Subrahmanyam---- Pharmaceutical Engineering principles and practices, Vallabh prakashan, New
Delhi
 P355 Unit Operation II (Practicals)
(3hrs/week)
Sr No. Name of the Experiment
1 Determination of overall heat transfer coefficient**
2 Determination of rate of evaporation*
3 Determination of rate of drying, free moisture content and bound moisture content**
4 Experiments to illustrate the influence of various parameters on the rate of drying**
5 Experiments to illustrate principles of size reduction*
6 Determination of humidity- use of Dry and Wet bulb.*
7 Evaluation of filter media, determination of rate of filtration and study of factors affecting
filtration*
8 Drying of wet granules and to plot the rate of drying curves. **
9 Operation of sieve shaker and sieve analysis. **
10 Particle size measurement by stokes law. *
11 Experiment of homogenizer and to measure homogeneity of the* product
12 Experiments on methods of crystallization, study of crystal habits**

Major Expt**
Minor Expt*
Books Recommended
1) K. Sambamurthy-- Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Age International Pvt. Ltd.
2) W.L.Badger & J. T. Banthero-- Introduction to Chemical Engineering
3) David Ganderton. --- Unit Process in Pharmacy, Medical Books Ltd. London
4) G.G. Brown--- Unit Operations, CBS Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi.
5) Robbert H. Perry, Don W, Green.---Perry’s Chemical Engineering Hand Book, 7th edition, International
Edition, McGraw Hill
6) N.G.Pandya., C.S.Shah---- Elements of Heat Engines, Charotar Book Stall, Tulsi Sadan, Anand (W. Rly),
India
7) Donald P. Eckman ---- Industrial Instrumentation, Seventh Wiley Eastern, Reprint, 1983, Wiley Eastern
Ltd, 4835/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110 002
8) C. V.S. Subrahmanyam---- Pharmaceutical Engineering principles and practices, Vallabh prakashan, New
Delhi

Examination Pattern is as follows

Sr. No. Types of Question Sessional University

Duration 3 Hrs 4 Hrs
1 Synopsis 5 10
2 Viva Voce 5 10
3 Exp. Major - 30
Minor 10 20
4 Journal Marks 10 -
Total Marks 30 70
 T356 PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS –III
3hours/week

Sr. no. Topic Hours

Section –I
1 Introduction to Solvent Extraction and its Application
• Principles of solvent extraction, Distribution ratio, efficiency of extraction, Separation 6
factor
• Practical aspects of solvent extraction(factors affecting liquid – liquid extraction)
• Selection criterion of solvent for extraction, Method of extraction: Batch, counter-current,
continuous extraction, stripping extraction and pH effect.
2 Basic Concepts in Spectroscopy :
Introduction – Electromagnetic radiation, Wavelength, wave number, frequency, atomic
spectra, molecular spectra.
Instrumentation – light sources-IR, Visible & UV. Monochromators – filters, grating. Cells – 6
silica, glass, quartz, Cells for IR Spectrophotometers. Detectors – photo tubes, photo diodes,
read out system. Spectrophotometer – single beam, double beam.
UV – Visible absorption spectroscopy:
Introduction, origin and theory of UV spectra, bathochromic & hypsochromic shift, choice of
solvents, Beers Lambert’s law, Single component analysis, use of absorptivity value , multiple
component analysis, simultaneous equation method . Difference spectroscopy, derivative 10
spectroscopy, Chemical Derivatization (Colorimetric) Reactions – diazotization,
condensation, acid dye, oxidation . Determination of lambda Max. by Woodward-Fischer
rule.
Section -II
3 Fluorescence spectroscopy :- 5
Introduction, fluorescence spectra, excitation & emission spectra, Insrumentation, Factors
affecting fluorescence intensity, quantitative aspects, application of spectroflurimeters and
photofluorimeters 8
Infrared spectroscopy:
4
Introduction, range of IR radiation, Requirements of IR radiation, correct wavelength of
radiation, electric dipole, theory of IR absorption spectroscopy, modes of vibration of atoms in
polyatomic molecules-stretching vibration, bending vibration, types of stretching and bending
vibration, interpretation of IR spectra, quantitative analysis, routine maintenance - dispersive
and FT-IR instruments, instrumentations-single beam, double beam spectrophotometer,
application to pharmaceuticals, limitation of IR spectrophotometry
5 6
Atomic emission and atomic absorption spectrophotometry:
Principle, difference between atomic absorption spectroscopy and flame emission
spectroscopy, advantages of AAS over flame emission spectroscopy, limitation,
instrumentation of atomic emission and atomic absorption spectroscopy, single and double
beam spectrophotometer , pharmaceutical applications of atomic emission and atomic 4
absorption spectroscopy
6
Radioimmunoassays and releated immunoassay techniques, ELISA techniques, theory,
instrumentation and applications.
Total Hrs- 45

Books Recommended:

1. IP, USP,BP, European Pharmacopoeia, International pharmacopoeia

2. Pharmaceutical analysis-Higuchi and brochmann
3. The quantitative analysis of drugs- Garrat
4. Analytical chemistry- Meites H.B.
5. Analytical chemistry- Garry Chrisian
6. Principles of instrumental analysis- Skoog
7. Vogel textbook of quantitative chemical analysis
8. Instrumental methods of analysis- Willard, Dean
9. Instrumental methods of analysis-Ewing.
10. Instrumental methods of analysis- Chatwal and Aanand
11. Practical Pharmacetuical chemistry Vol. II Beckett & Stenlake
 T361 Cosmetic Technology I (Theory)
(3 hrs/week)
Section-I
Topic
1 Introduction to cosmetics: 08
A) Applications, origin and development of cosmetic sciences.

B) Basic knowledge of skin, role of hormones and vitamins in skin nutrition.

C) Dermatitis and allergy, primary irritants and photosensitization in cosmetics.

D) Preservation, performance and evaluation of cosmetics.

2 Cosmetic colors: Natural and synthetic colors including plants and animal origin, lakes, 05
pigments and inorganic colors.

3 Perfumes in cosmetics: Natural and synthetic perfumes, manufacturing and blending of 02

perfumes. Sec
tion
4 Introduction to cosmetic vehicles 02 -II

5 Skin care preparations: Skin creams and lotions, classification of skin creams, cold, 05
vanishing, and all purpose, emollient creams, cleansing Creams, foundation creams, hand
creams, protective and barrier creams, Evaluation of creams.

Sr. Topics Hrs

No.

1 Hair preparation: shampoos, hair seating lotion, conditioner, hair tonics, hair bleaches, 04
hair coloring dyes, permanent waving, hair straighter, anti dandruff preparation,
Evaluation of Shampoo
2 Face powders and makeup: face powders, compact powder, cake make up, make up 04
cream, liquid make up, sick make up, and liquid powders, beauty masks.

3 Colored make up: Lipstick, rouges, and eye make up, Evaluation of Lipstick. 03

4 Mainicure preparation: Cuticle remover nails bleach, nail whites, nail creams, nail 03
liquor, and enamel remover.

5 Dental products: Dentifrices and mouth washes and Evaluation of Tooth paste. 04

6 Antiageing preparation 02

7 Stability testing of cosmetic products 03

Total Hours: 45

Books Recommended:
1) Riger: Harries Cosmeticology,Chemical Publishing company,Newyark
2) Poucher: Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps, Springer Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
3) Balsam & Sagarin: Cosmetics – Science and Technology (Vol. 1-3),John Wiley & Sons,Newyark
4) Magdassi: Novel Cosmetic Delivery System- Cosmetic science & Tech. series vol- 19. Marcel Dekker
Inc.,Newyark
5) Thomson: Modern cosmetic, Universal Publishing Corporation,Bombay
6) Marc Paye,Maibach H I: Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology, 2nd Edition, CRC Press.,Tayler
&Francis, Newyark
7) A.Nanda,S.Nanda,Roop K. Khar:Cosmetic Technology- Birla Publications, Delhi
 P361 Cosmetic Technology I (Practicals)

1) Creams: cold cream**, vanishing cream**, cleansing cream**, emollient cream**, foundation cream**.
2) Face powders and make-up: Face powder, Dusting powder, Compact powder, Liquid
make-up, Face mask.
3) Body Cosmetics: Hand & body lotion, hand protective cream, Peeling lotion, Corn callus
preparation, Sunscreen lotion.
4) Baby Cosmetics: Baby lotion, Baby cream, Baby powder.
5) Hair preparations: Liquid shampoo**, Cream shampoo**, Gel shampoo**, Brilliantine. **
6) Shaving Preparations: Lather shaving cream**, Brushless shaving cream**, After shave
lotion
7) Coloured make-up: Lipstic**
8) Manicure Preparations: Nail Lacquer, Nail remover
9) Dental Products: Mouth wash, Tooth paste**, Tooth Powder.
10) Astringent and Skin tonics: Astringent cream, Skin toner

(3Hrs/week)

Major Expt. **

Minor Expt. Remaining all preparations

Examination Pattern is as follows

Sr. No. Types of Question Sessional University

Duration 3 Hrs 4 Hrs
1 Synopsis 5 10
2 Viva Voce 5 10
3 Exp. Major - 30
Minor 10 20
4 Journal Marks 10 -
Total Marks 30 70

Books Recommended

1) Riger: Harries Cosmeticology

2) Poucher: Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps
3) Balsam & Sagarin: Cosmetics – Science and Technology (Vol. 1-3)
4) Magdassi: Novel Cosmetic Delivery System- Cosmetic science & Tech. Series vol- 19
5) Thomson: Modern cosmetic
6) Marc Paye, Maibach H I: Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology, 2nd Edition, CRC Press.
 T362 Pharmaceutical Medicinal chemistry –II (Theory)
(3 hrs/week)

The following topics should be covered with the points listed below
1. Introduction
2. Classification
3. Mechanism of action
4. Structure-activity relationship
5. Pharmacokinetics (Metabolism) and
6. Therapeutic uses
7. Synthesis of drugs official in IP (Listed in respective classes)

Section –I
Sr.No Topic Hours
1 Antiseptic & Disinfectants 02
Chlorocresol,Phenol
2 Antiamoebics 03
Metronidazole,Tinidazole
3 Anthelmintics 04
Piperazine citrate, Albendazole, Mebendazole, Levamisole,
Niclosamide
4 Antifungal agents 03
Clotrimazole,Griseofulvin,Ketoconazole,Miconazole nitrate
5 Quinoline Antibacterials 02
Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, Norfloxacin, Nalidixic acid,
6 Antineoplastic agents 09
Methotrexate, Busulphan, Fluorouracil, Cisplatin,
Cyclophosphamide, Thiotepa.
Section-II
7 Anti Tubercular and Anti-leprotic Agents 04
Isoniazide, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide, Ethionamide
8 Antimalarials 04
Chloroquine sulphate,Primaquine,Amodiaquine
9 Antibiotics 10
Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Carbenicillin, Cefadroxil, Cephalexin,
Chloramphenicol, Gentamicin.

10 Sulfonamides 04
Sulphamethoxazole, Sulphadiazine, Sulphadoxine

Total Hrs: 45

Books Recommended
1) Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, Foye, Lemke and Williams, Indian Ed. B. I.
Waverly, Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi 1995
2) Wilson and Gisvold, Textbook of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, J.
N. Delgado, W.A. Remers, Lipincott Raven 10th Ed., 1998
3) Essentials of Medicinal Chemistry by Koralkovas, 2nd edition, Wiley- Inter science Pub.
1988
4) Essentials of Medicinal Chemistry by Koralkovas, 2nd edition, Wiley- Inter science Pub.
1988
5) The Organic Chemistry of Drug Synthesis: Daniel Lednicer, John Wiley and Sons. Inc.
Vols 1-6
6) Profiles in Drug Synthesis : V.N. Gogte
7) Burger's Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery (Vol. 1-5) Wiley Inter science
Publication
8) Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry by Harkishansing & Kapoor
9) Principle of Medicinal Chemistry ( Volume I & II ) by Kadam, Mahadik and Bothara
 P362 Pharmaceutical Medicinal chemistry –II (Practical)
3 hours/week
Experiments
Laboratory scale preparation by conventional/microwave synthesis of
the following compounds. Spectral analysis of the synthesized
compounds should be carried as major experiments.

• Anthranilic acid (Hoffman degradation Reaction)

• Benzylidene acetophenone
(Claissen Schmitt Reaction)

• Cinnamic acid (Perkin Reaction)

• Benzhydrol from Benzophenone (MVP Reduction)

• 8-Hydroxyquinoline (Skraup’s synthesis)

• Benzocaine

• Benzophenone

• Diphenylmethane

• 2-Acetylnaphthalene
Minimum Eight Experiments should be performed.

Books Recommended:

1) Principles of Medicinal Chemistry, Foye, Lemke and Williams, Indian Ed. B. I. Waverly,
Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi 1995
2) Wilson and Gisvold, Textbook of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, J. N.
Delgado, W.A. Remers, Lipincott-Raven 10th Ed., 1998
3) Essentials of Medicinal Chemistry by Koralkovas, 2nd edition, Wiley- Inter science Pub.
1988
4) The Organic Chemistry of Drug Synthesis: Daniel Ledmicer , John Wiley and Sons. Inc.
Vols 1-6
5) Profiles in Drug Synthesis : V.N. Gogte Publication
6) Textbook of Pharmaceutical Chemistry by Harkishansing & Kapoor
7) Principle of Medicinal Chemistry ( Volume I & II ) by Kadam, Mahadik and Bothara
8) Burger's Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery (Vol. 1-5) Wiley Inter science
9) Text Book of Practical Organic Chemistry – A.I. Vogel
10) Practical Organic Chemistry - Mann and Sanders
11) Systematic identification of Organic Composition, Shriner and Fuson
Examination Pattern is as follows

Sr. No. Types of Question Sessional University

Duration 3 Hrs 4 Hrs
1 Synopsis 5 10
2 Viva Voce 5 10
3 Exp. Major - 30
Minor 10 20
4 Journal Marks 10 -
Total Marks 30 70
 T363 Pharmacology-II (Theory)
(3hrs/Week)

Sr. Topic No of Hrs

No.
Section-I
1. Pharmacology of drugs acting on Central Nervous System
a) General considerations (Introduction), Neurotransmission and 05
transmitters in CNS
b) Alcohol 02
c) General anesthetics 02
d) Drugs used in parkinsonism 01
e) Sedatives and hypnotics 03
f) CNS stimulants 02
g) Anti-Convulsants 02
h) Psychiatric disorders and their treatment (Antipsychotics, anxiolytics and 05
antidepressants)
Section-II
2. Opoid Analgesics 03
3. Drug dependence and drug abuse 02
4. Pharmacology of local-anesthetics 02
5 New Drug Development 01
a) Pre-clinical evaluation (acute ,subacute & chronic toxicity, ADME, 02
therapeutic index) 02
b) Clinical evaluation
6. Bio-assays- Concept, Principles, Merits & Demerits, Methods, Types, Bioassay 05
of insulin, Digitalis as per official books. Brief to Biostatistics with reference to Bio-
assay.
7. Pharmacology of drugs acting on Respiratory system 06
a) Mucolytics
b) Expectorants
c) Antitussives
d) Asthma
Total Hrs. 45

Books Recommended:

1) Satoskar R.S, Bhandarkar S.D, Rage N.N. Pharmacology and Pharmcotherapeutics. Popular Prakashan
Mumbai 19th edition.
2) Barar F.S.K. Essentials of Pharmacotherapeutics, S.Chand & Company Ltd. New Delhi
3) Tripathi K.D. Essentials of medical Pharmacology ,Jaypee New Delhi 2004 5th edition
4) Rang H.P., Dale M.M. et.al. Pharmacology. Churchill Livingstone, New Delhi 2005 5th edition
5) Katzung B.G .Basic & Clinical Pharmacology Mc-graw Hill, New Delhi 2001. 8th edition.
6) Lewis’s Pharmacology. Churchill Livingstone London,1980 5th edition
7) Goodman Gilman, The Pharmacological basis of therapeutics. Mc-graw Hill New Delhi 2001 10th edition
8) Seth S.D. Textbook of Pharmacology Elsevier, New Delhi 2004 2nd Edition
9) Harvey R.A., Champe P.C. Lippincott’s Illustrated Reviews-Pharmacology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins,
Pennsylvania. 2000 2nd edition.
10) Grahame-Smith D.G. & Aronson J.K. Oxford textbook of clinical Pharmacology and drug therapy . Oxford
University press London. 2002 3rd edition
11) Foster R.W. Basic Pharmacology, Arnold ,New Delhi 2001 ,4th edition
12) Stahl S.M.. Essential Psychopharmacology Cambridge University Press New Delhi 2003 2nd edition
13) Dipiro J.L. Pharmacotherapy Handbook. Tata McGraw Hill New Delhi.2004 5th edition.
14) Official books - Indian Pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia, United States Pharmacopoeia
 P363 Pharmacology-II (Practicals)
45 Hours (3hrs/Week)

1) To perform Bio-assay of following drugs using following methods**

a) Graphical/Interpolation method
b) Matching method
c) Three point method
(Bio-assay of Acetylcholine, Histamine)
2) CNS experiments*
a) Care and handling of common laboratory animals.
b) Introduction to animal physiology with their biochemical reference value in various animal species.
c) Study of various anaesthetics employed to anesthetize the laboratory animal.
d) Introduction to techniques of euthanasia,stunning, pithing etc.
e) Study of various routes of administration using various animals.
f) To study the Hypnotic property of drug/drugs using mice/rats as experimental animals (Different
routes of drug administration can also be opted)
g) To study the drug induced catatonia in animals (Any one animal model-like
baclofen/clonidine/haloperidol/pentazocine induced)
h) To study the effects of drugs on locomotor activity using Actophotometer
i) To study the Analgesic activity using suitable method. (Hot Plate, Tail Flick/Caudal Immersion,
Acetic Acid/Formalin-Induced)
j) To study Anticonvulsant activity using MES/ PTZ..
k) To study drug antagonism on Isoalted frog heart preparation using softwares (Expharm, X-cology)

NOTES:- 1. Minor * Major**

2.Suitable animal preparation- Any experiment suitable to demonstrate the concept- It could be
either in-vivo or in-vitro, The animal selected may be mice, rat, rabbit, guinea pig as admissible as per
prevailing Government/CPCSEA guidelines. In case of in-vitro preparations- any tissue preparation from
above animals or various tissues from goat may be obtained from slaughter house/ abattoir /butcher shop
Minimum 12 experiments from above list must be conducted

Examination Pattern is as follows

Sr. No. Types of Question Sessional University

Duration 3 Hrs 4 Hrs
1 Synopsis 5 10
2 Viva Voce 5 10
3 Exp. Major - 30
Minor 10 20
4 Journal Marks 10 -
Total Marks 30 70

Books Recommended

1) Ghosh M.N. Fundamentals of Experimental pharmacology. Hilton & Company Kolkata 2005 3rd edition.
2) Vogel G.H. Drug discovery and evaluation. Springer Germany 2002 2nd edition.
3) Goyal R.K. Practicals in pharmacology. B.S. Shah Prakashan Ahmedabad 2005 5th edition.
4) Kulkarni S.K. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vallabh Prakashan. New Delhi, 5th edition.
5) Perry W. L. M. Pharmacological Experiments on Isolated preparations.E.&S. LivingstoneLondon 1970 , 2nd
edition.
6) Kasture S.B.Text book of Experimental Pharmacology, Career Publication Nashik.1 st edition, 2006
7) Official books - Indian Pharmacopoeia, British Pharmacopoeia, United States Pharmacopoeia
 T364 Pharmacognosy III (Theory)
(3hrs/Week)
Section I
Sr.No. Topic Hrs.
1. Phytochemical screening of Natural Products: 10

Extraction technology including Super critical fluid extraction and other advanced techniques. 2

Preliminary Phytochemical investigation of alkaloids, Saponins, steroids, tannins, glycosides, volatile oil, 3
terpenoids, resins. General Methods used for isolation ands purification of Natural Products.

Study of Chromatographic & Spectroscopical Techniques as applied to natural products. 5

2. General introduction to Volatile oils and Terpenoids: 12
Introduction, Classification, Physical & Chemical properties, occurrence/distribution, General extraction
methodology, Biogenesis of isoprenoids and analysis of volatile oil.
A) Detail Pharmacognosy of Fennel, Coriander, Cassia, Clove and Turmeric,
B) Biological source, collection, preparation, chemical constituents, Identification tests, uses, adulterants and
substituents of following:
Umbelliferous fruit (Dill, Caraway), Cardamom, Cinnamon, Nutmeg, Eucalyptus oil, Gaultheria, Lemon
grass oil, Oil of Citronella, Mentha oil, Musk, Palmrosa ,khus and Sandalwood
Section II
3. General introduction to Resins: 10
A) Introduction, Classification, Physical & Chemical properties, occurrence/distribution, General extraction
methodology and analysis of resins. Biological source, collection, preparation, chemical constituents,
Identification tests, uses, adulterants and substituents of following:
Asafoetida, Guggul, Podophyllum, capsicum and Ginger.
B) Biological source & Uses of following Balsam of Tolu, Balsam of Peru, Benzoin ,Myrrh, Storax,
Colophonys & Jalap,
4. Introduction to Carotenoids and Flavonoids; Classification, Occurance,chemistry, Chemical tests,uses of 5
Silymarin, orange peel
5. A brief introduction to plant toxins and allergens. 3
6. Herbal pesticides: Neem, Tobacco, Pyrethrum. 2
7. Study of Neutraceuticals as health foods: Introduction ,Types of spirulina,soya and garlic 3

Total Hrs- 45

Books Recommended:

1) Guenther, E, Me, Essential oils-4 D Van Nostrand CO Inc, New York

2) Horborn J. B. Phytochemical methods, Chapman and Hall, International Edition, London
3) Iyengar M.A. , Pharmacognosy Lab Manual. Manipal Power Press, Manipal
4) Iyengar M.A., Study of Crude Drugs, Manipal Power Press, Manipal
5) Kokate C. K. Practical Pharmacognosy, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi
6) Kokate C. K. Purohit A. P. and Gokhale S. B. , Pharmacognosy (degree ) Nirali Prakashan
7) Manitto P. The biosynthesis of natural products, EllisHarwood, Chichester
8) Pridham J. B. and Swain T., Biosynthetic Pathways in Higher Plants, Academic Press, New York
9) Pulok Mukharji, Quality control of Herbal drugs
10) Trease, G.E. and Evans, W.C. Pharmacognosy, 12th Edition, Bailliere Tindall, Eastbourne, U.K
11) Tyler, V.E., Brady, R., Pharmacognosy
12) V.D.Rangari, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Volume I & II
13) Wagner, S.B., Zgainsky, Plant drug Analysis
14) Wallis, T.E. Analytical Microscopy, J.A. Churchill Limited, London
15) Wallis, T.E. Textbook of Pharmacognosy, J.A. Churchill Limited, London
16) Indian pharmacopoeia
17) British pharmacopoeia
18) United state pharmacopoeia
 P364 Pharmacognosy- III (Practical)
(3hrs/Week)

1) Demonstration of percolation and continuous extraction technology (Soxhlet apparatus)

2) Extraction of Eucalyptus and clove oil by using clavenger apparatus. **
3) Estimation of phenols (Eugenol) in essential oils.
4) Estination of cinnamic aldehyde in cinnamon oil.
5) Extraction of ginger OR capsicum oleo resin**.
6) Study of morphology, histology and micro chemical test of following crude drugs:**
Fennel, Coriander, Cassia, Clove and Turmeric
7) Identification of crude drugs on basis of gross organoleptic characters mentioned in theory*
(Nutmeg, Dill, Guggul and all volatile oils)
8) Chemical test of resinous crude drugs.*ex: Asafoetida, Guggul, Turmeric, Tolu and Peru balsam.

9) Paper or TLC chromatography profile of any two volatile oil drugs mentioned in theory. **

* Minor and ** Major experiment

Books Recommended:

1) Guenther, E, Me, Essential oils-4 D Van Nostrand CO Inc, New York

2) Herbal Pharmacopoeia, IDMA, Mumbai
3) Horborn J. B. Phytochemical methods, Chapman and Hall, International Edition, London
4) Iyengar M.A. , Pharmacognosy Lab Manual. Manipal Power Press, Manipal
5) Iyengar M.A., Study of Crude Drugs, Manipal Power Press, Manipal
6) Kokate C. K. Practical Pharmacognosy, Vallabh Prakashan, Delhi
7) Kokate C. K. Purohit A. P. and Gokhale S. B. , Pharmacognosy (degree ) Nirali Prakashan
8) Official methods of analysis, Association of official analytical chemists publications, Washington
9) Peach K, and Tracey M. V., Modern methods of plant analysis, 1-4, Narosa Publishing house, New Delhi
10) Stahl, E., Thin Layer Chromatography- A Laboratory handbook, Springer-Verlag, Berlin
11) Trease, G.E. and Evans, W.C. Pharmacognosy, 12th Edition, Bailliere Tindall, Eastbourne, U.K
12) Tyler, V.E., Brady, R., Pharmacognosy
13) V.D.Rangari, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Volume I & II
14) Wagner, S.B., Zgainsky, Plant drug Analysis
15) Wallis, T.E. Analytical Microscopy, J.A. Churchill Limited, London
16) Wallis, T.E. Textbook of Pharmacognosy, J.A. Churchill Limited, London
17) Indian pharmacopoeia
18) British pharmacopoeia
19) United pharmacopoeia

Examination Pattern is as follows

Sr. No. Types of Question Sessional University

Duration 3 Hrs 4 Hrs
1 Synopsis 5 10
2 Viva Voce 5 10
3 Exp. Major - 30
Minor 10 20
4 Journal Marks 10 -
Total Marks 30 70
 T365 Pharmaceutical Analysis –IV(Theory )
(3hrs/week)
Section-I

Sr. No. Topic Hours

Section –I
1 Chromatography: Terminology, retention time & retention volume, adjusted retention volume, 06
specific retention volume, relative retention volume, height equivalent to theoretical plate,
(HETP) rate and plate theory , resolution, partition coefficient, Classification of
chromatography methods . 04
07
a) Planer chromatography:
i. Paper chromatography: Theory, development techniques and applications.
ii. Thin-layer chromatography: Theory, selection of adsorbent, preparation of plates,
05
spotting, development of chromatogram, detection of compounds, recovery of
components, and applications.
iii. HPTLC: Introduction, theory and applications
Section II
b) Column chromatography: Theory
i) Gas chromatography : Introduction, carrier gases , columns, injection system,
8
detectors, thermal conductivity detectors (TCD), electron capture detector(ECD),
thermo-ionic detector(TID), flame ionisation detector(FID), nitrogen phosphorus
detector(NPD), photo-ionization detector(PID), head space analysis, applications,
programmed temperature gas chromatography(PTGC), gas chromatography-mass
spectroscopy(GCMS). PTGC
ii) HPLC: Instrumentation, pumps (reciprocating pumps, displacement & pneumatic pumps),
mobile phase reservoirs, solvent treatment systems, isocratic elution, gradient
elution, injection system. Detectors, photometric detectors (single wavelength, multi 9
wavelength, variable wavelength, diode array, fluorescence detectors), refractive
index detectors, electrochemical detectors. Columns: analytical columns, guard
columns, column thermostats, types of column packaging, HPLC-MS. Introduction 3
of UPLC (Ultra Pressure Liquid Chromatography)

iii) Ion exchange chromatography: Ion exchange resins, applications. 3

c) Gel permeation chromatography: - Introduction, apparatus & techniques.

Total Hrs 45

Books Recommended:

1. IP, USP,BP, European Pharmacopoeia, International pharmacopoeia

2. Pharmaceutical analysis-Higuchi and brochmann
3. The quantitative analysis of drugs- Garrat
4. Analytical chemistry- MEITES H.B.
5. Analytical chemistry- garry Chrisian
6. Principles of instrumental analysis- Skoog
7. Vogel textbook of quantitative chemical analysis
8. Instrumental methods of analysis- Willard, Dean
9. Instrumental methods of analysis-Ewing.
10. Instrumental methods of analysis- Chatwal and Aanand
11. Practical pharmaceutical chemistry, part- II by Beckett and Stenlake
 P365 PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS –III (Practical)
( 4 hrs /week)

Sr.no. Experiments
1. Calibration of UV-Visible spectrophotometer and determination of lambda max of drug *
2. Spectrophotometric analysis of Raw materials (At least Three expt.)*
3. Spectrophotometric analysis of Finished products (At least Three expt.)**
4. Determination of Quinine Sulfate / Riboflavin using Fluorimeter. **
5. Determination of Na+ and K+ by flame photometry after preparation of calibration curve**
6. Identification of functional groups using IR –Analysis *
7. To perform experiments on paper, thin layer and column chromatography. (any two from each class)**
8. HPLC (Demonstration only )
9. GC (Demonstration only )
* Minor **Major

Examination Pattern is as follows

Sr. No. Types of Question Sessional University

Duration 3 Hrs 4 Hrs
1 Synopsis 5 10
2 Viva Voce 5 10
3 Exp. Major - 30
Minor 10 20
4 Journal Marks 10 -
Total Marks 30 70

Books Recommended:

1. IP, USP,BP, European Pharmacopoeia, International pharmacopoeia

2. Pharmaceutical analysis-Higuchi and Brochmann
3. The quantitative analysis of drugs- Garrat
4. Analytical chemistry- MEITES H.B.
5. Analytical chemistry- Garry Chrisian
6. Principles of instrumental analysis- Skoog
7. Vogel textbook of quantitative chemical analysis
8. Instrumental methods of analysis- Willard, Dean
9. Instrumental methods of analysis-Ewing
10. Instrumental methods of analysis- Chatwal and Aanand
11. Practical pharmaceutical chemistry, Vol II by Beckett and Stenlake
 T366 Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Theory)
(3hrs/Week)

Section I
Sr.No. Topic Hours
1 Biotechnology-Definition, scope and potential 02
2
Fermentation technology and industrial microbiology

Fermentation as a biochemical process 2

Construction, working and types of fermenter, fermentation monitoring, in-situ 4

recovery and downstream processing.
2
Industrial production of Penicillin, dextran and Vit B12
2
Waste discharge & effluent treatment
3 Plant cell and tissue culture

Cellular totipotency 1

Laboratory and media requirements for establishing in vitro culture 2

Cell culture techniques –organ, callus, single cell, cell suspension and protoplast 3
culture

Somatic hybridization and cybridisation-isolation and fusion of protoplast, 3

selection of hybrids and cybrids and their applications

Production of secondary metabolites using hairy root culture, immobilized cell 3

culture and elicitor-induced accumulation.
1
Introduction to germplasm conservation
Section II
04 Animal cell culture 05
Introduction to animal cell culture, media, culture techniques and types of animal
cell culture
5 Genetic recombination of animal cells 05
Steps in genetic recombination, endonucleases, vectors, strain construction and
gene transfer methods.

6 Biotechnological production of human insulin, human growth hormone and 05

interferons. Impurities in bioproducts.

7 Principle and applications of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), gel 05

electrophoresis, peptide mapping, protein sequencing, HPLC and immunoassay

Total Hrs- 45
Books Recommended

1. Bainse William, Biotechnology from A to Z, 2nd Edition, 2002, Oxford University Press.
2. Casida L. E., Industrial Microbiology, 2000, New Age International, Delhi.
3. De Kalyan Kumar, Plant Tissue Culture, 1st Edition, 1997, New Central Book Agency (P) Ltd.
4. Disouza J. I., Killedar S. G., Biotechnology and Fermentation Process, Nirali Prakashan
5. Freifelder David, Molecular Biology, 2nd Edition, 1998, Narosa Publishing House.
6. Gupta P. K., Elements of Biotechnology, 1st Edition, 2001, Rastogi Pub., Meerut.
7. Higgins, Best D.J. and Jones J., Biotechnology: Principles and Applications, Blackwell Scientific
Publications, Boston, MA 1985.
8. Hugo W. B., Russell A. D., Pharmaceutical Microbiology, 6th Edition, 1998
9. Razdan M.K., An introduction to plant tissue culture, Oxford & IBH Pub., Co. Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi.