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ISSN: 0717-1285
onomazein@uc.cl
Pontificia Universidad Catlica de Chile
Chile
Marcela Bizama M.
Universidad Catlica de la Santsima Concepcin
Chile
Beatriz Arancibia G.
Universidad Catlica de la Santsima Concepcin
Chile
Katia Sez S.
Universidad de Concepcin
Chile
Resumen
Este artculo presenta los resultados de un estudio sobre la conciencia
fonolgica realizado en preescolares de nivel transicin 2 y escolares de
primer ao bsico de dos escuelas municipales de sectores vulnerables.
El trabajo forma parte de una investigacin mayor, cuyo objetivo fue el
diseo y validacin de un programa de intervencin destinado al desarrollo
Abstract
This article presents the results of a diagnostic evaluation of phonologi-
cal awareness in pre-school children and first year elementary school
students, who attend socially vulnerable schools. This study is part of a
major research with the objective of designing and validating a program
to develop phonological awareness as metalinguistic skill underlying the
learning of reading.
A sample of 85 children, 43 pre-school and 42 year-1 elementary school
students participated in the study. The phonological awareness was asses-
sed using the Linguistic Segmentation Test (PSL) by Orellana y Ramaciotti
(2007), standardized for Chilean people. Relations between age, sex, verbal
working memory and auditory discrimination were established.
In both groups, the results showed scores under the average regarding
age in phonological awareness and verbal memory. At the same time, the
intra-group analysis of phonological awareness showed differences related
to tasks complexity. There was positive correlation among verbal memory
and syllabic segmentation in pre-school children and among verbal memory,
hearing discrimination and the linguistics segmentation tasks data, in First
Year Elementary school students.
1. Introduccin
2. La investigacin
2.2. Metodologa
2.2.1. Participantes
TABLA 1
Distribucin de la muestra segn curso y edad
TABLA 2
Distribucin de la muestra segn sexo
2.2.2. Instrumentos
3. Resultados
TABLA 3
Resultados obtenidos por sujetos de transicin 2
Variable N Media D. E. p
Segmentacin silbica 43 43,3 10,1 < 0,0001**
Discriminacin auditiva 43 58,9 21,2 0,9957
Memoria verbal 43 15,1 21,2 < 0,0001**
TABLA 4
Resultados obtenidos por sujetos de primer ao
de enseanza bsica
TABLA 5
Diferencias entre nios y nias de transicin mayor 2
Media Media
Variable D.E. D.E. p
nias nios
Edad 5 aos, 0,3 5 aos, 0,3 0,6117
7 meses 6 meses
Discriminacin 58,2 17,7 59,4 23,5 0,6617
auditiva
Seg. slabas 48,7 9,8 40,3 9,0 0,0096**
Memoria verbal 15,7 21,1 14,6 21,8 0,4693
TABLA 6
Promedios de transicin 2 y de primer ao bsico en
tareas de segmentacin silbica
GRFICO 1
Promedios de nivel transicin 2 y de primer ao bsico
en tareas de segmentacin silbica
4,0
Puntaje subtest
3,0
2,0
1,0
0,0
Anlisis silbico Inclusin silbica
TABLA 7
Resultados obtenidos por primer ao bsico en
segmentacin fonmica
TABLA 8
Correlaciones entre PSL, MV y DA en primer ao bsico
4. Conclusiones y discusin
5. Bibliografa citada