1

1. A physical quantity Q is related to four observables x, y, z 6. The length and breadth of a rectangle are (5.7 0.1) cm and
and t by the relation (3.4 0.2) cm. The area of the rectangle with error limits is
(a) (19.0 1.5) sq.cm. (b) (19.0 2.5) sq.cm.
x 2 / 5 z3
Q= (c) (19.0 3.5) sq.cm. (d) (19.0 4.5) sq.cm.
y t
The percentage errors of measurement in x, y, z and t are DV
7. A quantity X is given by e 0 L where 0 is the
2.5%, 2%, 0.5% and 1% respectively. The percentage error Dt
in Q will be permittivity of the free space, L is a length, DV is a potential
(a) 5% (b) 4.5% difference and Dt is a time interval. The dimensional formula
(c) 8% (d) 7.75% for X is the same as that of
2. If area (A), velocity (v) and density (r) are base units, then (a) resistance (b) charge
the dimensional formula of force can be represented as (c) voltage (d) current
(a) Avr (b) Avr 8. When a small sphere moves at low speed through a fluid,
(c) Avr (d) Avr the viscous force F, opposing the motion is experimentally
found to depend upon the radius r, the velocity v of the
1
3. The dimension of e 0 E 2 ( e 0 : permittivity of free space, sphere and the viscosity h of the fluid. Expression for force
2
is
E electric field) is
(a) 4phrv2 (b) 5phr2v
(a) MLT1 (b) ML2T2
(c) 2phr2v (d) 6phrv
(c) ML1T2 (d) ML2T1
9. A gas bubble from an explosion under water, oscillates
4. The resistance R of a wire is given by the relation
with a period T proportional to pa db Ec where p is the
rl
R= . Percentage error in the measurement of r, l and static pressure, d is the density of water and E is the total
p r2 energy of explosion. Find the values of a, b and c.
r is 1%, 2% and 3% respectively. Then the percentage
(a) 5/6, 1/2, 1/3 (b) 5/6, 1/3, 1/2
error in the measurement of R is
(a) 6 (b) 9 (c) 1/6, 1/3, 1/4 (d) 1/3, 1/3, 1/4
(c) 8 (d) 10 l 3
10. Let y = l2 - where l = 2.0 0.1, z = 1.0 0.1 then
5. If force, acceleration and time are taken as fundamental z
quantities, then the dimensions of length will be the value of y is given by
(a) FT2 (b) F1 A 2T 1 (a) + 2 0.8 (b) 4 1.6
(c) FA T 2 (d) AT2 (c) 4 0.8 (d) None of these

MARK YOUR 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
RESPONSE 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
2
11. A cube has a side of length 1.2 102m. Calculate its volume. 18. To find the value of g using simple pendulum, T = 2.00
(a) 1.7 106 m3 (b) 1.73 106 m3 second and l = 50cm was measured. The maximum
(c) 1.70 10 m 6 3 (d) 1.732 106 m3 permissible error in g is :
12. Given that (a/pb) = az/KB q where p is pressure, z is
distance, KB is Boltzmann constant and q is temperature, ( DT = 0.01, Dl = 0.1 )
the dimensions of b are
(a) 1.4% (b) 1.1%
(a) [L0M 0 T 0] (b) [L1M 1T 2]
(c) [L M T ]
2 0 0
(d) [L1 M 1T 2] (c) 1.5% (d) 1.2%
13. If E is the electric field intensity and m0 is the permeability 19. A wire has a length l = 6 0.06 cm, radius r = 0.5 0.005 cm
of free space, then the quantity E2/m0 has the dimensions and mass m = 0.3 0.003 gm. Maximum percentage error in
of density is
(a) [M 0L1T 2] (b) [M 1L1T 4] (a) 4 (b) 2
(c) [M1L0T 4] (d) [M 2L2T 0]
(c) 1 (d) 6.8
14. The speed of light in vacuum, c, depends on two
fundamental constants, the permeability of free space, m0 20. The frequency (f ) of a wire oscillating with a length l, in p
and the permittivity of free space, e0. The speed of light is
p T
1 loops, under a tension T is given by f = where
given by c = . The units of e0 are N1C2m2. The 2l m
m0 e0
units for m0 are = linear density of the wire. If the error made in determining
(a) kg1m1C2 (b) kg mC 2 length, tension and linear density be 1%, 2% and 4%,
(c) kg ms4C2 (d) kg1s3C2 then find the percentage error in the calculated frequency
is
a az
15. Pressure depends on distance as, P = exp - , (a) 4% (b) 2%
b kq
where a, b are constants, z is distance, k is Boltzmanns (c) 1% (d) 5%
constant and q is temperature. The dimensions of b are 21. The density of a sphere is measured by measuring its mass
(a) M0L0T0 (b) M1L1T 1 and diameter. If, it is known that the maximum percentage
0
(c) M L T 2 0 (d) M1L1T 2 errors in the measurement are 2% and 3%, then find the
16. The velocity v of surface waves on a liquid may be related maximum percentage error in the measurement of density?
to their wavelength l, the surface tension of liquid s and (a) 15% (b) 18%
its density r by the following equation : v = k lasbrg
where k is a dimensionless constant. The values of a, b (c) 9% (d) 11%
and g should respectively be given as 22. Which of the following set have different dimensions?
1 1 1 (a) Pressure, Youngs modulus , Stress
(a) - ,+ ,- (b) 1, +1 1
2 2 2 (b) EMF, Potential difference, Electric potential
1 1 1 (c) Heat, Work done, Energy
(c) + , ,+ (d) + 1 1 + 1
2 2 2 (d) Dipole moment, Electric flux, Electric field
17. A physical quantity z is calulated using the formula 23. While measuring length of an object it was observed that
1 the zero of the vernier lies between 1.4 and 1.5 of the main
z = xy 2 / z1/ 3 , where x, y and z are experimentally scale and the fifth vernier division coincides with a main
10
measured quantities. If the fractional error in the scale division. If the length of the object measured is l ,
measurement of x, y and z are 2 %, 1% and 3% respectively, then the value of ( l 1.4) in terms of the least count C of
then the fractional error in z will be the instrument is
(a) 0.5% (b) 5% (a) C (b) 1.45 C
(c) 6% (d) 7%
(c) 4 C (d) 5 C

11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

MARK YOUR
16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
RESPONSE
21. 22. 23.
 3
24. In a screw gauge, the zero of mainscale coincides with fifth (b) Spherometer and screw gauge
division of circular scale in figure (i). The circular division (c) Slide callipers and spherometer
of screw gauge are 50. It moves 0.5 mm on main scale in (d) Slide callipers, screw gauge and spherometer
one rotation. The diameter of the ball in figure (ii) is 29. Intensity observed in an interference pattern is
0 10 I = I 0 sin 2 q . At q = 30 intensity I = 5 0.0020 W/m2.
5
0 Find percentage error in angle if I0 = 20 W/m2.
4 2
(a) 3 10 -2 % (b) 3 10 -2 %
p p
1 3
(c) 3 10 -2 % (d) 3 10 -2 %
Figure (i) p p
30. The momentum of an electron in an orbit is h/l where h is
0 30 a constant and l is wavelength associated with it. The
25
20 nuclear magneton of electron of charge e and mass me is
eh
given as n = . The dimensions of n is
3672 pme
(A current)
Figure (ii) (a) [ML2A] (b) [ML3A]
2
(c) [L A] (d) [ML2]
(a) 2.25 mm (b) 2.20 mm
(c) 1.20 mm (d) 1.25 mm 31. In an experiment to determine the inertial mass of an object
25. The force experienced by a particle is F0 when its speed using Newtons second law, following graph is obtained
is v = v0. If the speed varies with displacement as v = kx, between net force on the object and the acceleration
then the force acting on the particle when its speed produced in it. The mass of the object within error limits is
becomes 2v0 is a(m/s2)
(a) 4F0 (b) F0/2
(c) 2F0 F02
(d)
3
26. 49 divisions on the vernier scale coincides with 50 divisions
on the main scale of a vernier calliper. The least count of
the instrument is, if graduation on the main scale is 2 mm 2
1 1
(a) mm (b) mm 1
25 50
2 1 F(N)
(c) mm (d) mm
49 49 1 2 3
27. A formula is given as (a) 1.0 kg (b) 1 kg
(c) (1.0 0.1) kg (d) (1.0 0.2) kg
b k .q.t 3 32. A physical quantity A is dependent on other four physical
P= 1+
a m.a
where P = pressure; k = Boltzmanns constant; pq
quantities p, q, r and s as given below A = . The
q = temperature; t = time; a and b are constants. 2 3
r s
Dimensional formula of b is same as
percentage error of measurement in p, q, r and s are 1%,
(a) Formula (b) Linear momentum
(c) Angular momentum (d) Torque 3%, 0.5% and 0.33% respectively, then the maximum
28. Backlash error may occur in which of the following percentage error in A is
instrument? (a) 2% (b) 0%
(a) Slide callipers and screw gauge (c) 4% (d) 3%

MARK YOUR 24. 25. 26. 27. 28.

RESPONSE 29. 30. 31. 32.
4
33. The dimensional equation for electric flux is (symbols have of the spring k is measured in kg/s2 and the chairs
usual meaning, I current) frequency f is 0.50 s1 for a 62 kg astronaut, what is the
(a) ML3T3 I1 (b) ML3 T3 I1 chairs frequency for a 75kg astronaut ? The chair itself
(c) ML3 T3 I1 (d) ML3T3 I has a mass of 10.0kg.
34. Dimensionally wavelength is equivalent to (a) 0.46 s1 (b) 0.12 s1
(c) 0.78 s1 (d) 0.92 s1
E LC E 39. Vernier callipers has 20 divisions on its vernier scale which
(a) (b)
B B LC coincide with 19 divisions on the main scale. Least count
of the instrument is 0.1mm. The main scale division is
B LC B
(c) (d) (a) 1 mm (b) 4mm
E E LC
(c) 2 mm (d) 2 mm
35. A student performs an experiment for determination of
40. A student performs an experiment to determine the Young's
4p 2 l modulus of a wire, exactly 2 m long, by Searle's method. In
g = 2 . The error in length l is Dl and in time T is DT a particular reading, the student measures the extension in
T
the length of the wire to be 0.8 mm with an uncertainty
and n is number of times the reading is taken. The of 0.05 mm at a load of exactly 1.0 kg. The student also
measurement of g is most accurate for measures the diameter of the wire to be 0.4 mm with an
Dl DT n uncertainty of 0.01 mm. Take g = 9.8 m/s2 (exact). The
(a) 5 mm 0.2 sec 10 Young's modulus obtained from the reading is

(b) 5mm 0.2 sec 20 (a) (2.0 0.3) 1011 N/m2 (b) (2.0 0.2) 1011 N/m2

(c) 5 mm 0.1 sec. 10 (c) (2.0 0.1) 1011 N/m2 (d) (2.0 0.05) 1011 N/m2

(d) 1mm 0.1 sec 50 41. In a new system of units, the fundamental quantities mass,
length and time are replaced by acceleration a, density
36. The length of the string of a simple pendulum is measured r and frequency f. The dimensional formula for force in
with a metre scale to be 90.0 cm. The radius of the bob plus this system is
the length of the hook is calculated to be 2.13 cm using
measurements with a slide callipers. What is the effective (a) [ra4 f ] (b) [ra4 f 6]
length of the pendulum ? (This effective length is defined (c) [r1a4f 6] (d) [r1a4 f 1]
as the distance between the point of suspension and the 42. The pitch of a screw gauge is 1mm and there are 100
centre of the bob) division on its circular scale. When nothing is put in
(a) 87.87cm (b) 92.1 cm between its jaws, the zero of the circular scale lies 4
(c) 91.2 cm (d) 90.2 cm divisions below the reference line. When a steel wire is
placed between the jaws, two main scale divisions are
37. The length of a cylinder is measured with the help of a clearly visible and 67 divisions on the circular scale are
vernier callipers whose smallest division on the main scale observed. The diameter of the wire is
is 0.5mm and nine divisions of the main scale are equal to
(a) 2.71 mm (b) 2.67 mm
ten divisions of the vernier scale. It is observed that 78th
divisions of the main scale coincides with the sixth division (c) 2.63 mm (d) 2.65 mm
of the vernier scale. Find the length of the cylinder. 43. When the callipers are completely closed, zero of vernier
scale lies to the right of zero of main scale and coinciding
(a) 3.13 cm (b) 3.33 cm
vernier division is 7. If L.C. is (1/20) cm., the zero error is
(c) 3.63 cm (d) 3.93 cm
38. The space shuttle astronauts use a massing chair to 7 7
(a) + cm (b) - cm
measure their mass. The chair is attached to a spring and is 20 20
free to oscillate back and forth. The frequency of the 7 7
oscillation is measured and that is used to calculate the (c) + cm (d) - cm
10 10
total mass m attached to the spring. If the spring constant

33. 34. 35. 36. 37.

MARK YOUR
38. 39. 40. 41. 42.
RESPONSE
43.
 5
44. The formula for the period of a simple pendulum is
d d
T = 2p l / g . (a) (b)
(m - 1) (m + 1)
The fractional error in the measurement of the time period
d d
T is x and that in the measurement of the length l is y. (c) (d)
The maximum fractional error in the calculated value of g is m (m + 1)
(a) (x + y) (b) (x y) 46. The circular scale of screw gauge has 100 equal divisions.
(c) (2x + y) (d) (2x y) When it is given 4 complete rotations, it moves through
45. In vernier callipers, m divisions of main scale coincide with 2mm. The L.C. of screw gauge is
(m + 1) divisions of vernier scale. If each division of main (a) 0.005 cm (b) 0.0005 cm
scale is d units, the least count of the instrument is (c) 0.001 cm (d) 0.0001 cm

MARK YOUR
44. 45. 46.
RESPONSE

PASSAGE-1 In this sketch, which is not to scale, imagine an observer looking

at objects A and B, standing at the pole of the Earth with his head
towards us. Now he sees object A to be to the right of B. Six
Parallax refers to the different views that you see from two different
positions. Try this experiment. Hold the index finger of your left months ago, he saw it to be to the left of B. Now most stars are so
hand vertical, 20 cm in front of you. Hold the index finger of your far away from us that we cannot observe any relative motion in
right hand vertical, 40 cm in front of you. Now close your left eye this way. However, for close stars it is possible. The next sketch
and, using just your right eye, move the two fingers sideways shows the path of light from a close object and from a very distant
until they line up. Now close your right eye and open the left. The star.
closer finger has jumped to the right of the further finger. Repeat
a few times. Compared to a distant background, both fingers have
jumped to the right, but the closer one jumps farther. If you measure
Earth light from a very distant star
the angles through which they jump and the distance between
now
your eyes, you can work out how far away the fingers are. Sun
D
For distant objects, the distance between our viewing positions
must be greater than the distance between your eyes. Fortunately R
light from same star, six months ago
for astronomers, the Earth shifts our telescopes round the sun, so
we can get a separation equal to the diameter of the orbit of the Earth six months ago
Earth (16 light minutes) if we wait six months, as shown in this
diagram.
R R
From trigonometry, D = =
Earth tan q q
now
Sun A B where we have used the small angle approximation for q measured
in radians. A parsec is defined as the distance to an object that
moves (w.r.t. to the distant stars) by an angle of 1 second (1/3600
of a degree) when the Earth moves by the mean radius of its orbit.
In terms of this sketch, if q = one second, D = 1 parsec. Now all
stars except the sun are more than one parsec distant, so to measure
Sun their distance by parallax, we need to be able to resolve angles of
A B
about 1 second or better.

Earth six months ago

6
1. If the first experiment if we have two point objects A and B in
PASSAGE-2
place of your left and right fingers respectively then
(a) your two eyes and A and B will lie on a circle
(b) your two eyes and A and B will always lie in a plane Three of the fundamental constants of physics are the universal
(c) your two eye and A will form a triangle area of which is gravitational constant, G = 6.7 1011m3kg1s2, the speed of light,
equal to the area of the triangle formed by A, B and c = 3.0 108 m/s, and Plancks constant, h = 6.6 1034 kg m2s1.
your left eye
4. Find a combination of these three constants that has the
(d) Both (b) and (c)
2. In above if we have three objects A, B and C such that you dimensions of time. This time is called the Planck time and
see only A & B from your left eye and A & C from your right represents the age of the universe before which the laws of
eye. Angle formed by AB on your left eye equals that formed physics as presently understood cannot be applied.
by AC on your right eye. Then AB will
(a) always be equal to AC hG hG
(a) (b)
(b) be equal to AC if your two eye and A form an isosceles c 4
c3
triangle
(c) be equal to AC if your two eye and A form a right
angled triangle hG hG
(c) (d)
(d) none of these c c5
3. Parallax method is useful only if the star whose distance is
to be measured should be closer to the earth and the reference 5. Find the value of Planck time in seconds
star should be (a) 1.3 10 33 s (b) 1.3 10 43 s
(a) very close (b) very far away (c) 2.3 10 13 s (d) 0.3 10 23 s
(c) any other star (d) only pole star

MARK YOUR
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
RESPONSE

1. Statement-1 : In Searles experiment after every step
of loading we wait for some time
(generally two to three minutes) before
taking the readings.
Statement-2 : In this time the wire gets free from kinks.
2. Statement-1 : A screw gauge having a smaller value of
pitch has greater accuracy.
Statement-2 : The least count of screw gauge is
directly proportional to the number of
divisions on circular scale.

MARK YOUR
1. 2.
RESPONSE
 7
3. Statement - 1 : The dimensional formula for relative 4. Statement-1 : Specific gravity of a fluid is a
velocity is same as that of the change in dimensionless quantity.
velocity. Statement-2 : It is the ratio of density of fluid to the
Statement - 2 : Relative velocity of P w.r.t. Q is the ratio density of water.
of velocity of P to that of Q.

MARK YOUR 3. 4.
RESPONSE

1. Let e0 be the absolute permittivity, er be the relative 5. Which of the following are dimensionless quantities?
permittivity, 0 and r be the absolute and relative L e0m0 E 2
permeability respectively. If M represents mass, L represents (a) (b)
CR 2 B2
length, T represents time and A represents current, then
(a) [e0] = [M1L3A2T4] (b) [(e00)2] = [M0L4T4] E2
(c) (d) mLi2
2
(c) [e0r] = [M0L2T2] (d) [er] = [r] = [M0L0T0A0] B
(Here symbols have their usual meanings)
2. Let [e 0 ] denote the dimensional formula of the permittivity 6. The velocity, acceleration and force in two systems of units
are related as under :
of the vacuum, and [m 0 ] that of the permeability of the
vacuum. If M = mass, L = length, T = time and I = electric a2 1
(i) v = v (ii) a' = (a b) a (iii) F = F
current, b ab
All the primed symbols belong to one system and unprimed
(a) [e 0 ] = M -1 L-3 T 2 (b) [e 0 ] = M -1 L-3 T 4 2 ones belong to the other system. a and b are dimensionless
constants. Which of the following are correct
(c) [m 0 ] = M LT -2 -2 (d) [m 0 ] = M L2T -1 (a) Length standards of the two systems are related by :
3. The quantity/quantities that does/do not have mass in its/ a3
L = 3 L
their dimensions is/are b
(a) specific heat (b) Mass standards of the two systems are related by :
(b) latent heat 1
(c) electric potential difference M = 2 2 M
a b
(d) electrical resistance
(c) Time standards of the two systems are related by :
4. The dimensions of the quantities in one (or more) of the
following pairs are the same. Identify the pair (s) a
T = 2 T
(a) Torque and Work b
(b) Angular momentum and Work (d) Momentum standards of the two systems are related
(c) Energy and Youngs modulus
1
(d) Light year and Wavelength by : p = 3 p
b

MARK YOUR 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
RESPONSE 6.
8
7. The SI unit of inductance, the henry can be written as adopted as the fundamental units, choose the correct
(a) weber/ampere (b) volt-sec/amp option (s)
(a) unit of mass is 1.05 1052 kg
(c) Joule/(ampere)2 (d) ohm-second
(b) unit of length is 9.17 1015 m
8. If velocity of light in vacuum (3 108 m/s), acceleration due to (c) unit of time is 3.06 107 s
gravity (9.81 m/s2) and density of mercury (13600 kgm3) be (d) unit of time is 3.06 104 s

MARK YOUR
7. 8.
RESPONSE

1. Column -I lists different type of methods to use different physical quantities while Column-II lists name for instrument that can
be used in these methods.
Column-I Column -II
(A) Determination of g using simple pendulum (p) Vernier callipers
(B) Determination of Youngs modulus of steel by Searles method (q) Stop clock
(C) Focal length of a concave mirror using u v method (r) Screw gauge
(D) Determination of specific resistivity of material using (s) Optical bench
meter bridge method
2. Some physical quantities are given in Column I and some possible SI unit in which these quantities may be expressed are given
in Column II. Match the physical quantities in Column I with the units in Column II.
Column I Column II
1
(A) e0 E 2 (q) (kilogram) (metre)2 (second) 1
2
e0 : Permittivity of free space; E : Electric field
(B) h (q) (joule) (metre)3
h : Plancks constant
(C) P (r) (joule) (second)
P : Pressure
(D) Angular momentum (s) (kilogram) (metre)1 (second) 2
3. Match the quantities in Column I with the correct units in Column II.
Column I Column II
(A) Electric field (p) volt
(B) Electrostatic potential (q) weber/ second
(C) Magnetic field (r) volt/meter
(D) Rate of change of magnetic flux w.r.t. time (s) weber/ metre2

1. 2. 3.

MARK YOUR
RESPONSE
 9
4. Some of the quantities in Column I have the same dimension as quantities in Column II.
Column I Column II

msl 1
(A) (p)
KA m0 e0
m = mass m0 = permeability of free space
s = specific heat capacity; l = length; 0 = permittivity of free space
K = thermal conductivity; A = area
(B) E / B (q) rgh
E = strength of electric field r = density of fluid
B = strength of magnetic field g = acceleration due to gravity; h = height of column
1 GM
(C) e0 E 2 (r)
2 r
E = electric field G = Newtons gravitational constant
e0= permittivity of free space M = mass; r = radius

1 2
(D) rv (s) LC
2
r = density of fluid; v = speed of flow L = inductance; C = capacitance.
5. For the question given below : M = Mass; L = Length; T = Time; A = Ampere
Column I Column II
(A) Torque (p) ML1T2
(B) Pressure (q) ML2T2
(C) Electric field intensity (r) MLT 3
(D) Intensity of a wave (s) MT3
6. For the question given below : M = Mass; L = Length; T = Time; A = Ampere
Column I Column II
(A) Energy Time (p) Gravitational
(B) Energy per unit length Time (q) Angular momentum

Energy per unit electric current

(C) (r) Inductance
Electric current

Energy per unit mass

(D) (s) Linear momentum
length

4. 5. 6.

MARK YOUR
RESPONSE
10
7. Column I Column II

Viscosity ( h) J
(A) (p)
density(r) m3

m3
(B) Velocity per unit electric field (q)
s2

cm 2
(C) Amount of heat supplied per unit volume (r)
s

cm 2
(D) Newtons Gravitational constant Mass (s)
V-s

8. Considering force (F), Velocity (V) and energy (E) as fundamental quantities, match the correct dimensions of following quantities.
Column I Column II
(A) Mass (p) [F 1 V 0E 1 ]
(B) Light year (q) [F 1V 1E 1]
(C) Frequency (r) [F 3V 0E 2]
(D) Pressure (s) [F 0V 2E 1]

7. 8.

MARK YOUR
RESPONSE

1. In Searles experiment, which is used to find Youngs
Modulus of elasticity, the diameter of experimental wire is
D = 0.05 cm (measured by a scale of least count 0.001 cm)
and length is L = 110 cm (measured by a scale of least count
0.1 cm). A weight of 50 N causes an extension of
X = 0.125 cm (measured by a micrometer of least count
0.001cm). The maximum possible error in the values of
Youngs modulus is x 109 N/m 2 . Find the value of x .
Screw gauge and meter scale are free from error.
2. A gas bubble from an explosion under water, oscillates with
a period T proportional to pa db Ec where p is the static
pressure, d is the density of water and E is the total energy
of explosion. Find the value of (b + c a)
1. 2. 3.
MARK
YOUR
RESPONSE
11
3. Each side of a cube is measured to be 7.2 m. What are the
total surface area (in m 2 )of the cube to appropriate
significant figures?
4. 5.74 g of a substance occupies 1.2 cm3. Express its density
( in g cm3) by keeping the significant figures in view.
5. The mass of a box measured by a grocers balance is 2.300
kg. Two gold pieces of masses 20.15 g and 20.17 g are added
to the box. The difference in the masses (in g) of the pieces
to correct significant figures ?
6. The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum is 2p L / g .
Measured value of L is 20.0 cm known to 1 mm accuracy and
time for 100 oscillations of the pendulum is found to be 90 s
using a wrist watch of 1 s resolution. What is the percentage
error in the determination of g ?
4. 5. 6.
12

1 (a) 9 (a) 17 (b) 25 (c) 33 (a) 41 (b)

2 (b) 10 (b) 18 (d) 26 (c) 34 (a) 42 (c)
3 (c) 11 (a) 19 (a) 27 (b) 35 (d) 43 (a)
4 (b) 12 (c) 20 (a) 28 (b) 36 (b) 44 (c)
5 (d) 13 (b) 21 (d) 29 (a) 37 (c) 45 (b)
6 (a) 14 (b) 22 (d) 30 (c) 38 (a) 46 (b)
7 (d) 15 (c) 23 (d) 31 (c) 39 (c)
8 (d) 16 (a) 24 (c) 32 (c) 40 (b)

1 (d) 2 (d) 3 (b) 4 (d) 5 (b)

1 (c ) 2 (c ) 3 (c ) 4 (a)

1 (a, b, d) 3 (a, b) 5 (a, b) 7 (a, b, c, d)

2 (b, c) 4 (a, d) 6 (a, b, c, d) 8 (a, b, c)

1. A-p, q; B-r; C-s; D-r 2. A-q, s; B-p, r; C-q, s; D-p, r

3. A-r; B-p, q; C-s; D-q, p 4. A-s; B-p, r; C-q; D-q
5. A-q; B-p; C-r; D-s 6. A-q; B-s; C-r; D-r
7. A-r; B-s; C-p; D-q 8. A-s; B-p; C-q; D-r

1 11 2 1.67 3 31 4 4.8 5 0.02 6 3

 13

1. (a) Given:
DA Dl Db 0.1 0.2
2 / 5 -1 -1/ 2 3 = + = +
Q= x y t z A l b 5.7 3.4

0.34 + 1.14
DQ 2 Dx Dy =
\ 100 = 100 + 100 5.7 3.4
Q 5 x y
1 Dt Dz DA 1.48 1.48
+ 100 + 3 100 = DA = A
2 t z A 19.38 19.38
1.48
2 1 = 19.38 = 1.48
= 2.5 + 2 + 1 + 3 0.5 = 5% 19.38
5 2 DA = 1.5 (rounding off to two significant figures)
2. (b) Let force be F = Aa v brc \ Area = (19.0 1.5) sq.cm.
7. (d) Dimensionally e0 L = C
MLT -2 = [ L2 ]a [ LT -1 ]b [ML-3 ]c where C = capacitance
a = 1, b = 2, c = 1 Now the given expression reduces to C DV Dt .
F = Avr
Dimensionally C DV Dt = q
1 where q is charge.
3. (c) Here e 0 E 2 represents energy per unit volume.
2 Again the given expression reduces to q Dt .
q
[e 0 ] [ E 2 ] =
[ Energy ] = ML2T -2 = ML-1T -2
Dimensionally
Dt
=I
[ Volume] L3 where I is current
8. (d) We can thus say that the viscous force (F) is the
rl function of radius (r), velocity (v) and viscosity (h).
4. (b) Given R = , then
p r2 or F = f (h, r, v) or F = khx ry vz ...... (1)
Where k is a constant.
DR Dr Dl Dr Now, dimensions of the constituents are
100 = 100 + 100 + 2 100 Force = [MLT2] ; viscosity = [ML1 T 1]
R r l r
Radius = [L] ; velocity = [LT 1]
= 1% + 2% + 2 3% = 9% Since dimensions on both sides have to be the same.
\ [MLT2] = [ML1T1]x [L]y [LT1]z
5. (d) L F x A yT z = [MxLx+y+z Txz]
M 0 L1T 0 [MLT -2 ]x [ LT -2 ] y T z Equating the exponents of similar quantities of both
sides we get, x = 1 ; x + y + z = 1 and x z = 2
= M x Lx + y T -2 x - 2 y + z Solving for x, y & z, we get x = y = z = 1
Equation (1) becomes F = khrv
x = 0, x + y = 1, 2x 2y + z = 0
Experimentally, it was found that
x = 0, y = 1, z = 2 k = 6p or F = 6phrv,
Hence, L AT 2 which is the famous Stokes' law.
9. (a) Given that, T pa db Ec
6. (a) Here, l = (5.7 0.1) cm, b = (3.4 0.2) cm
Equating both sides dimensionally,
Area A = l b = 5.7 3.4 = 19.38 cm
[T] = [ML1 T 2]a [ML3]b [ML2T 2]c
= 19.0 cm [M0L0T] = [Ma+b+c La3b+2c T2a2c]
(rounding off to two significant fig.) Equating the exponents of similar quantities,
a + b + c = 0, a 3b + 2c = 0 and
2a 2c = 1
14
Solving these equations, we get 14. (b) We have,
5 1 1 1
a= ; b = and c = c=
6 2 3 m0 0
l3
10. (b) y = l2 - 1
z m0 =
0 c 2
z.3l d l - l dz
2 3
3l 2
l 3
dy = 2ld l - = 2l - d l + 2 dz
z 2
z z 1
\ units of m0 =
units of 0 c 2
3 22 8
= 22- ( 0.1) + 1 ( 0.1) 1
1 = -1 2 -2
N C m (ms -1 )2
= 8 ( 0.1) + 8 ( 0.1) = 1.6
= Ns2 C2
l3 23 = (kgms2) s2 C2 = kgm C2
y=l - 2
= 22 - = 4 - 8 = -4
z 1 15. (c) Unit of k is joules per kelvin or dimensional formula of
\ y = 4 1.6 k is [ML2T2 q -1 ]
3
11. (a) V = l = (1.2 102 m)3 = 1.728 106 m3 The power of an exponent is a number.
V = 1.7 106 m3.
az
l has two significant figures. Hence V will also have Therefore, dimensionally = M LT
two significant figures. kq
12. (c) Use the concept that the expression (a/pb) and kq
(az/KBq) are dimensionless. \ a= a dimensionless quantity
z
a az \ dimensional formula of
pb = K q
b
[ML2T -2 q-1 ][q]
a= = MLT -2
a az [ L]
=
pb Kb q Also, dimensional formula of P = [ML1 T2]

aK b q a a
and dimensionally P = b=
\ [b] = b P
paz
MLT -2
ML2T -2 q-1.q \ [b] = = M 0 L2T 0
= = L 2M 0T 0 ML T -1 -2
ML-1T -2 .L
13. (b) Write E 2 /m 0 as (E 2 e 0 )/(m0 e0 ) and note that the Alternatively,
numerator has the dimensions of energy per unit az
= M 0 L0T 0
volume whereas the denominator has the dimensions kq
of square of reciprocal of speed.
kq
\ a= a dimensionless quantity
E 2 [E2 ] z
= Also, dimensionally
m0 m0
a
We have, P=
b
[E] = MLT3 I1 (using E = V )
d a 1 k q
\ b= = ....(i)
P P z
m0 Id sin q
[m0] =MLT2 I2 (using dB = . ) Also for one molecule of a gas
4p r 2
R
E2 2 2 -6 -2 PV = k q Q k =
\ = M L T I = MLT4 N A
m0 MLT -2 I -2
 15

kq p 1 1
\ V= ....(ii) log f = log - log l + log T - log m
P 2 2 2
From (i) & (ii) Differentiating partially on both sides,
3
V L
= = L2 = M 0 L2T 0 df d l 1 dT 1 d m
b= = 0- + -
z L f l 2 T 2 m
16. (a) v = k la sbrg
M 0 L1 T 1 = La[MT 2]b[MT 3] g df dl
or 100 = - 100
or M 0 L 1T 1 = M b + g L a 3g T 2b f l
Comparing dimension on both sides of equation
1 dT 1 dm
1 + 100 - 100
2b = 1 b = 2 T 2 m
2
1 1
1 = (-1) + (-2) - (4) = 1 1 2 = 4%
and 2b = 1 g = - b = - 2 2
2 21. (d) Let m and d be the mass and diameter of the sphere,
1 then the density r of the sphere is given by
a 3g = 1 a = -
2
mass m 6m
r= = =
Dx Dx 2 Dy 1 Dz volume 4 d 3 pd 3
17. (b) 100 = + + 100 p
x x y 3 z 3 2

1 Taking log and differentiating partially we get

= 2 + 2 1 + 3 = 5%
3 d r dm 3d ( d )
= -
r m d
l 4p l
2
18. (d) T = 2p g=
g T2 \ maximum % error = 2 + (3 3) = 11
ur ur
22. (d) Electric flux f E = E . S
Dg Dl DT
g = +2
l T \ Dimensionally f E E
max
23. (d) Let x = l 1.4
0.1 0.01 Then 1.4 + x + 5V = 1.4 + 5 S, where S denotes the
= +2 100% = 1.2%
50.0 2.00 length of one main scale division, and V denotes the
length of one vernier scale division.
m
19. (a) r = Hence, x = 5 S 5V = 5 (1S 1V) = 5C
l p r2
0.5
24. (c) Least count = = 0.01mm
Dr Dm 2Dr Dl 50
= + +
r m r l Zero error = 5 L.C
Putting the values = 5 0.01 mm
Dl = 0.06 cm, l = 6 cm; Dr = 0.005 cm; r = 0.5 cm, = 0.05 mm
Diameter of ball = [Reading on main scale] + [Reading
m = 0.3 gm; Dm = 0.003 gm
on circular scale L . C] Zero error
we get
= 0.5 2 + 25 0.01 0.05
Dr 4 = 1.20 mm
=
r 100 25. (c) Since, v = kx

Dr dv d
\ 100 = 4%. a=v = v. (kx) = kv
r dx dx
Hence force acting on particle when its velocity is v.
ur r r
p T F = ma = kmv
20. (a) Given f =
2l m
\F v
Taking log on both sides So, when v is doubled F is doubled.
16
26. (c) Least count of vernier scale
Dg Dl DT
1 35. (d) = +2
= 1 + 1 least count of main scale g l T
n
1 2 Dl and DT are least and number of readings are
= 2 mm = mm maximum in option (d), therefore the measurement of g
49 49
is most accurate with data used in this option.
k q.t 3 36. (b) L = 90.0 cm, r = 2.13 cm.
27. (b) = dimensionless
ma Effective length = 90.0 + 2.13 = 92.1 cm.
ML2T -2 K -1.K .T 3 0.5
= M 0 L0 T 0 37. (c) Vernier constant = = 0.05mm
M .a 10
a = L2T Since 78th division of the main scale coincides with 6th
Dimension of P = Dimension of b division of the vernier scale, therefore, the zero of the
a vernier scale may lie close to (78 6 = 72) division of
[b] the main scale.
ML1T2 = Therefore, main scale reading is 72 0.5 = 36mm
L2T
Vernier scale reading = 6 0.05 = 0.3 mm
[b] = MLT1 = [Linear momentum]
28. (b) Backlash error occurs only in instruments using screws. Length of cylinder = 36 + 0.3 = 36.3 mm = 3.63cm.

I
38. (a) f ma k b
2 -1
29. (a) I = I 0 sin q q = sin
I0 T -1 = M a M bT -2b
a + b = 0 ; 2b = 1 b = 1/2, a = 1/2
1 I0 dI
dq = k 0.50 85 1 72
2 I0 - I I0 I f ; = f = = 0.46 s1
m f 72 2 85
dq 1 dI
= 1 (main scale division)
q 2 I ( I0 - I ) sin -1 I / I 0 39. (c) Least count =
N
0.0020 2 10-3
= = 1 (main scale division)
p p 0.1 mm = ;
2 5 15 10 3 20
6 6
1 main scale division = 2 mm.
12 4
= 10-4 = 3 10-4
p 3 p mg L
40. (b) We know that Y =
D 2 l
4 p
\ % error = 3 10 -2 % 4
p
ATML2T -1 4mgL 4 1 9.8 2
30. (c) mn = = L2 A Y= =
( ) (0.8 10 )
M 2 2
pD l p 0.4 10 -3 -3
31. (c) Least count of measuring device = 0.1
Using F = ma ; m = (1 0.1) kg
1 1 1 1 = 2.0 1011 N/m 2
32. (c) % error in A = 1 + 3 + 2 + 3 = 4%
2 2 2 3
Now DY = 2DD + Dl
F [ MLT -2 ][ L2 ] Y D l
33. (a) f = E. A. = A =
q [ IT ] [Q the value of m, g and L are exact]

[ f] = [ ML3T - 3 I -1 ] 0.01 0.05

= 2 + = 2 0.025 + 0.0625
0.4 0.8
E
34. (a) = velocity = m / s and LC = time period = s = 0.05 + 0.0625 = 0.1125
B
DY = 2 1011 0.1125 = 0.225 1011
E LC
\ = m = wavelength = 0.2 1011 N/m 2
B
\ Y = ( 2 0.2) 1011 N/m 2
 17
41. (b) F = ma = r volume a l
To write volume in terms of a and f 44. (c) g = 4p 2 .
T2

L 6
3
3 -6
Dg Dl DT
Volume = L3 = 2 T = a f Therefore, = +2 = ( y + 2x)
T g l T
46. (b) md = (m + 1)v (v = length of one vernier scale division)
\ F = r a4 f 6
md
42. (c) Diameter = 2 + reading corresponding to 67 division. v=
m +1
100 1mm
md d
67 least count = d - =
m +1 m +1
67
100 [Since m divisions of main scale are equivalent to
due to +ve zero error reading corresponding to (m + 1) divisions of vernier scale, one division of
vernier scale is equivalent to [m / (m + 1)] divisions
63 of main scale. Now, use the definition : least count
67 division = mm = 0.63mm of vernier = one division of main scale one
100
division of vernier scale.]
43. (a) As zero of vernier scale lies to the right of zero of main
2 1 1
scale, therefore, zero correction is negative and zero 46. (b) Pitch = mm = mm = cm.
4 2 20
+7
error is (+ 7 L.C.) = cm. Pitch 1
20 L.C. = = cm = 0.0005 cm
100 2000

1. (d) If two point objects A and B are in front of left and right 4. (d), 5. (b).
fingers respectively then A and B and eyes will be on
same plane and two eyes and A will form a triangle area hG kgm 2s-1 m3kg -1s-2
=
of which is equal to the area of the triangle formed by c5 m5 / s5
A, B and left eye.
2. (d) Nothing can be said as size of AB will depend on = s2 = s
position of observation.
Putting the values of h, G and c in above relation
3. (b) To reduce effect of relative motion star should be as far
Planck time = 1.3 10 43 s.
as possible.

1. (c) The correct explanation for statement-1 is that we have Relative velocity is measured not by calculating ratio
to give some time to wire to acquire whole extension but by calculating difference.
according to load. 4. (a) Specific gravity of fluid
2. (c) No. of division Least count Pitch accuracy
density of fluid
3. (c) Relative velocity which is vector subtraction of two =
density of water
velocities will also be a vector of the form of velocity
so, its dimensional formula will remain unchanged. It is a ratio.
18

1 [ AT ]2 [eq. (1)]2
1. (a, b, d) F= Now, gives
4p 0 L2 eq.(2)

A2T 2 [L T -1 ] a4 1 [LT -1 ]2
0 = = M -1L-3 A2T 4 =
L2 MLT -2 [ L T -2 ] b2 ab [ LT -2 ]

1 a3
= c (speed of light) [L ] = [ L]
m 0 0 b3
1 1
(m 0 0 )2 = 4 = = L-4T 4 p [ M L ] [T ] 1 a 3 b2 1
c [ LT -1 ]4 = = =
p [T ] [ ML] a 2b 2 b3 a b3
r and m r = dimensionless
f dI 2U
Q1Q2 F 0 I1I 2 7. (a, b, c, d) L = ; L = -e ; L = ; L=Rt
2. (b, c) By definition F = and = I dt I2
(4pe 0 )r 2 l 2 pL
f weber
L= =
[Q ]2 I 2T 2 I ampere
Hence, [e0] = =
[ F ][ r 2 ] MLT -2 .L2
-e volt volt-sec
= M1L3 T 4 I 2 L= = =
dI / dt ampere/sec ampere
[F ] MLT - 2
[0] = = = MLT -2 I -2 L=
2U
=
joule
2 2
[I ] I I 2
(ampere) 2
3. (a, b) The quantities specific heat and latent heat both
contain a term energy per unit mass. However energy L = R t = ohm - sec
itself contains mass and hence the dimensions of both 8. (a, b, c) Let the dependence of mass (M) on velocity (v),
these quantities do not contain mass. acc. due to gravity (g) and density (r) be as
4. (a, d) t = F r sin q; W = F d cosq M = v x g yrz
Dimensionally, light year = wavelength = [L] Substituting the dimensions of v, g and r in R.H.S.
L ML0T 0 = [ LT -1 ]x [ LT -2 ] y [ ML-3 ]z
5. (a, b) = [CR ] = [Time]
R
or ML0T 0 = M z Lx + y -3 zT - x - 2 y
1 E Comparing the dimensions on both sides (i.e. the
= = [velocity] equating the powers of M, L and T), we get
e 0 m0 B z = 1, x + y 3z = 0 and x 2y = 0
Solving, we get, x = 6, y = 3 and z = 1
-1 a2
6. (a, b, c, d) [ LT ] = [LT -1] ..... (1) \ Mass [M] = v 6 g -3r
b
\ Unit of mass
[ LT -2 ] = ab [LT -2 ] ..... (2)
3 (108 )6
= 13600 = 1.05 1052 kg
1 (9.81)3
[ M L T -2 ] = [ MLT -2 ] ..... (3)
ab Similarly, it can be shown that, the length (L) will be
given by L = v2/g.
1
Dividing eq. (3) by (2), we get, [M ] = [M ]
2 2
a b (3 108 )2
\ Unit of length = = 9.17 1015 m
Dividing eq. (1) by (2), we get 9.81
and time T is given by T = v/g
a2 1 a
[T ] = [T ] = [T ] (3 108 )
b ab b2 \ Unit of time = = 3.06 107 s
9.81
 19

8. A-s; B-p; C-q; D-r

1. A-p, q; B-r; C-s; D-r
2. A-q, s; B-p, r; C-q, s; D-p, r Energy
(A) Mass = = EV -2 F 0 ;
(velocity) 2
3. A-r; B-p, q; C-s; D-q, p
Energy E
4. A-s; B-p, r; C-q; D-q (B) Length = = = E1 F -1V 0
force F
5. A-q; B-p; C-r; D-s
Length E1F -1V 0 ;
6. A-q; B-s; C-r; D-r Time = = = E1F -1V -1
Velocity V1
7. A-r; B-s; C-p; D-q 1
(C) Frequency = = E -1 FV
Time
Force F
(D) Pressure = 2
= 1 -1 0 2
= F 3V 0 E -2
(length) (E F V )

1. 11 2. 1.67
Maximum percentage error in Y is given by Given that, T pa db Ec
Equating both sides dimensionally,
W L [T] = [ML1 T2]a [ML3]b [ML2T2]c
Y=
2
pD X [M0L0T] = [Ma+b+c La3b+2c T2a2c]
4 Equating the exponents of similar quantities,
a + b + c = 0, a 3b + 2c = 0 and 2a 2c = 1
DY DD DX DL Solving these equations, we get
= 2 + +
Y max D X L
5 1 1
a= ; b= and c =
6 2 3
0.001 0.001 0.1
= 2 + + = 0.0489
0.05 0.125 110 1 1 5 10
\ b+c-a = + + = = 1.67
2 3 6 6
So, maximum percentage error = 4.89%
3. 31
It is given that
The number of significant figures in the measured length is
W = 50 N; D = 0.05 cm; = 0.05 102 m;
2. The calculated area should, therefore, be rounded off to 2
X = 0.125 cm = 0.125 102m;
significant figures.
L = 110 cm = 110 102m Surface area of the cube = 6(7.2)2 m2
= 311.04 m2 = 31 m2
50 4 110 10 -2
Y= 4. 4.8
3.14 (0.05 10-2 ) (0.125 10 -2 ) There are 3 significant figures in the measured mass whereas
= 2.24 1011N/m2 there are only 2 significant figures in the measured volume.
Hence, the density should be expressed to only 2 significant
\ DY = 0.0489 2.24 1011 = 1.09 1010 N/m2
figures.
; 11 109 N/m 2
5.74
Density = gcm -3 = 4.8 g cm3 .
\ x = 11 1.2
20
5. 0.02 The errors in both L and t are the least count errors. Therefore,
Difference = 20.17 g 20.15 g = 0.02 g (Dg/g) = (DL/L) + 2 (DT/T )
6. 3
0.1 1
= + 2 = 0.027
2 2
g = 4p L / T ; 20.0 90

Thus, the percentage error in g is

t Dt DT Dt
Here, T = and DT = . Therefore, = . 100 (Dg/g) = 100 (DL/L) + 2 100 (DT/T ) = 3%.
n n T t