12/2/2017 ITMNGUNGCVNMXUTHINCAVNBNBINHTHYULC

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Tintc&skin

Banqunlkhuditch
KhuditchCnSnKip
Bc
LhiCnSnKipBc
Bivit
Ditch
Danhnhn

Cngtcxhiha

Ditchlinquan
Thby,Ngy02/12/2017 Thngtindukhch
DANHNHN
VIDEO
ITMNGUNGCVNMXUTHINCAVNBNBINHTHYULC
VnbnBinhthyulc(vittt:BTYL)chngtinintrongbinylbsch
chHnchptaigm4quynnglm2tp,cng410t(26x15cm,khiuA.476/12
lutngttrcThvinVinVinngBcc,hinnaydoVinNghincuHn
Nmqunl,schnylbnchnhcamtdchphmdoNxb.KHXHxutbntiH
Nivoccnm1970v1977...

ITMNGUNGCVNMXUTHINCAVNBN
BINHTHYULCHINC

NgcTh
THNGBO
VnbnBinhthyulc(vittt:BTYL)chngtinintrongbinylb CHNGTRNHLHIMA
schchHnchptaigm4quynnglm2tp,cng410t(26x15cm,khiu THUCNSNKIPBCNM
A.476/12 lu tng t trc Th vin Vin Vin ng Bc c, hin nay do Vin 2017
CHNGTRNHLHIMA
Nghin cu Hn Nm qun l, sch ny l bn chnh ca mt dch phm do Nxb. XUNCNSNKIPBC
KHXHxutbntiHNivoccnm1970v1977(1).SiGncngcbndch NM2017
BTYL do Nh Khai Tr xut bn(2). Do trong sch c nhng ch ni n tng nh
MinhMcThch,LiuThng,vuaL,NguynHu(Bd,tr.232,213,245)v.vchonn

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rrngkhngthcoibnBTYLhinclditccaTrnHngoc.Tuyvy,
LigiithiuvThuytminhbndchcac2lnxutbn,mcddt,vn
kt lun rng: BTYL ca Trn Quc Tun n u th k XIX c mt nho s
amhiuquns,yukhoahcquns,sachavbsungnhiu(tr.8),hoccho
lmtbschcbinsontheomtphngphpthiTrn(cthcbit
l Hng o vng), thi L, thi Nguyn tip tc nhau m bin son (tr.27). Vy
sthcvvnbnBTYLrasao?Chngtinghrngvnnycncnghin ALBUMNH
cucthnhnnhtngichnhxcgitrvnbn,tmitrnhc
nhng suy din sai lm, nh tng c kin da vo BTYL m t c cu B t
lnhvhthngquniiTrn,cngnhngvkhbinhccathikyv.v.(3).
1.Haiumi:KstnbinvKimthangthpnhtr
gii p vn ni trn, chng ti tm c nhng sch Hn Nm Trung
Qucclinquanthucmnloiqunshc.Nhngumithcschbtu
tcunKstnbin:SchchHndonhtngbnTrTrungng,khcinti
HNimahnmTcKT(1869).uschcbiTacangHuyTr
tcHongTrungT,mtsphuyunctrcsauthucphichchin,khiy
ng gi chc Khm phi Thng bin H Ni tnh v. i bi Ta ni: Ma xun
nmKMi(1859)nglmTrihuynThXng(HNi)gplcPhLngSa(ch
qun Php) gy s Nng, trong lng phn ut mun qut sch i. V vy ng
munrngtmloischbinhthphngkhidngnnhngtmkimchac.
Sau gp T ti Lng Mng Thiu ngi lng Phng Lch, huyn Hong Ha
(ThanhHa)bygianglmHunohuynNngCng,trongkhitrchuynbn
n mn hc ca binh gia, Lng Mng Thiu nhn a cho ng tp K s tn
bin (vit tt: KSTB) do thn ph qu c ca ng l Thn Trai tin sinh son ra.
ng nhn sch m c, hn mt thng tri, b sch xung m than rng: Tin
sinhlmttrongThtThanhHa.ngnghincuthinvn,al,lutlch,
binh th, bn ni sng, khng mn no khng hc ti, m son thut ra ch mt
sch ny. Ci ch ca tin sinh c l cng l lo trc ci lo ca thin h chng?.
onsautcgibiTachobit:ngtrcbintpsch V kinh trch ch li
vachokhcinschKimthangttr,naychokhcvninschnycngbvi
ccbnngch,khinchocihccaThnTraitinsinhkhngthihnhc
ng thi th sch ca tin sinh c truyn li cho hu th. Tip theo l bn
DndoconrcaThnTrailCnhnXunCt,tBTrinhvitnmThiuTr Linktwebsite
Bnh ng (1846) cho bit: Thn Trai l tn hiu ca Lng Huy Bch t Huyn
Chng, ngi i cui L, thi Ty Sn nh dy hc i Nguyn c chiu ca
Minh Mnh triu vo kinh nhng co bnh khng i, c ban tc Hn lm i
chiu, tc Ng Giang T. Sau khi ng mt, con trai l Khanh v Huyn s lu
ngydithomaimt,bnachoanhrlXunCthiunh.Tusch:
CiLngHuyBchHuynChngPhsonnh,nmHuyKhanhMngThiu,

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t Xun Ct B Trinh bin tp, Hu hc ng Huy Tr Hong Trung hiu chnh.

Schgm5quynnglm1tp,cng202t(25x15cm)khiuThvinVin
HnNm:A.684.Phngphplmschithldnumichngmcuc
lidngiibnhlunvchbnn,saudnkincaccnhqunshc
Trung Quc thi c, trch trong cc sch binh php ca Tn V, Ng Khi Hong
Thch Cng, L V Cng v.v. tc l nhng sch thuc h thng V kinh tht th
cbannhnmNguynPhong(10781086)iTng.Ngoiracntrchdncc
schkhcnhHkimtinhcaHangiTng,Khiutnth ca Thch K
QuangiMinhv.v.
i chiu KSTB vi BTYT chng ti thy c mt khi lng ng k cc
thoi(4)gingnhaukhchthng,nhchng Hnh qun (BTYL, T.1, 159/Bd.
tr.118122) tin pht ging vi 16 iu mc him (vt ni him yu) trong
KSTB (Q.3, t 1012b) BTYL (T.1, tr.167/Bd. tr.125) chp ring mt mc him
php ch gm 1 thoi KSTB trch theo Lin chu hnh doanh o quyn .
chng n tr, BTYL (T.1, 199/Bn din ca, tr.146148) chp 12 quy nh v vic
ngtrilnlttngngvicciu57,910,13,1519(cng12iu)trongs
25iumcThdinhcthcKSTB(Q.2,t1923)v.v.Ccchngsaunh
Ddoanh(phpngtribanm).mdoanh(ngtribmt),Thilng (chuyn
lng)v.vcngcnhiuthoitngnggiaKSTBvBYTL.
TheocabiTa,chngtitmcKimthangttr.Tnschinngoibal
Kimthangthpnhtr(vitttKTTNT),nhngtnylKimthangttrthpnh
tr.SchcngdongHuyTrgiaochonhTrTrungngkhcinnmTc
KT(1869),invomaxun,smhnmythngsoviKSTB.Tonbgm12
quyn ng lm 3 tp, cng 451 t (26x16), k hiu Th vin Vin Hn Nm:
AC.202/13. Sch ca son gi Trung Quc l L Bn t Tin Hu, c bi Dn ca
HngngCuvbiTacasongi.TiptheolTacangHuyTrchobit
ng nhn c sch ny do ngi quen l Dng Tu Khanh tng nhn khi ng i
cng cn Qung ng nm Mu Thn (1868). ng nhn thy so vi V kinh trch
chKSTBthschnycbitginyudhiu,nglcabucanhtng.V
vy,ngngymkhonhkhcvnnhnh.NhvylcngtrongnmKT
(1869),nghalchay2nmsaukhithcdnPhpthntnhnt3tnhminTy
NamKvangroritchunbnhraBcK,ngHuyTrchoin2bbinh
thkhcgitr.Cllmttrongnhngcchtrlittnhtcamtnhnho
trcnnngoixmangedavnmnhcatnc.
i chiu KSTB vi KTTNT chng ta d nhn ra c s tng ng mt s
chngmc,iucthhiucvc2schuthotcotngHuyTr.
M lin quan ti vn bn BTYL th KTTNT cn mc nhiu hn, nh cc
mc thuc chng Thy chin: Thuyn my thn phi, thuyn m con, thuyn lin

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hon,bg,olinc(phibagip),nganc(thym)v.vBTYL,2261/Bdtr.
271281KTTNT.Q11,t1232b)(xemthmmcsau).
2.BTYLVIKIMTHANGTHPNHTR
MrngvictmkimxutxccthoitrongBTYLchngtitmnnguyn
th ca tc phm c trch dn Ni chung, nhng thoi no c xut x binh
thTrungQuc,tTnT (ca Tn V). Ng T (ca Ng Khi), Lc thao, T M
php,Tamlc,UtLiuT,LVcngvni(caLTnh,cnggil V Cng
binhphp),Hkimkinh(caHang),Kinhthbtloitonbin(caTrnNhn
Tch),Vkinhtngyu(canhmTngCngLng).Khiutnth(caThchK
Quang) v.v.. u tm c xut x chnh xc, ch yu da theo 2 b tng th V
kinhtngyu(P.1121)thvinVinThngtinKHXHhocccschringbit(n
hnhban)hincThvinQucgia.
Ktquichiulmxuthinmyiunglusauy:
a.TrongBTYLc5thoighiltrchschBogim(Bd,tr39,54,55,168)trong
2 thoi tr.54 v 168 (Bd) l ca Tn t, cn 3 thoi khc l trch theo V kinh
tngyu.
Nh vy ti sao ngi lm sch BTYL li khng ghi xut x sch Tn T
hocVkinh(tc V kinh tng yu) nh nhiu trng hp khc trong sch ghi?
Xut x th tc gi c th qun hoc chp st, nhng ti sao li ghi l Bo gim?
Quatracucthkhngnhkhngcbinhthnoctnchnhhoctngittl
Bo gim, cng khng thy tn sch no (Ngi dch bn Nxb KHXH cng tng
ghi Chng ti khng tm ra sch Bo gim, Bd, tr.39). Phi chng ngi lm sch
BTYLvtnhhayhuaramttnschmh?iucthcnlinquan
nmttnschmhkhcsauy:
b.TrongBTYLc4thoighixutxschBinhlc(Bd,tr.65,88,213,245).
C4thoinyulinquannccsviccaVitNam,khngcxutxnhiu
tngbctrongccbinhthTrungQuc.Nhngthngtinqukhkhngchochng
tabitschnogilBinhlc,mtnschgngingvinlBinhthyulc
thchngtachcbitltntcphmcaHngovngTrnQucTun
iTrnvtncabnchpBTYLhinhnhmthi.
Thoitr.65(Bd)clinhmtcu:LiuThngvoncNamtavchkiu
m qun mt mng. Thoi tr.213 (Bd) ni n qun nm Gip Ng (ch qun
Trnh), qun nm Bnh Ng (1786, ch qun Ty Sn), v qun Bc nm K Du
(1789, ch qun Thanh) v.v. Thoi tr. 245 ni vic Nguyn Hu em thy qun n
sng Nh H. Ba thoi ny hin nhin l bng chng t bc b ngun gc tc phm
iTrn!Thoitr.88(Bd)nivtnla(hatin)trnucdngthucsngca
ngi Hi Hi, li ni xa xi n mt th tn la phng Nam. Thoi ny hu
htccschnutrnukhngc,chtmthymtxutxduynhtKTTNT

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(Q.11,t33a).lmtdnchngchothycslinquantrctipgiavnbn
KTTNTvBTYL.
c.TiptckhostquanhgiaKTTNTvBTYLcththythmnhnghin
tngsauy:
Chng Thy chin trong BTYL bm st theo mc Ph kho Thy chin trong
KTTNT (Q.11, t 12b), sau mc Qu gi nc (Thy lo nha, BTYL chp nhm l
Thy nha lo!) ng l ti cc mc: cu lin v mt s binh c khc, ngi lm
BTYLlcb,tramtmcHacng,mubngcu:iphmthychin
thngchuyndnghacng,minhhabng4cuthoi:ChuDuvLuBnh
To Tho Xch Bch, Du Thng Hi nh Trn Hu Lng Nam Xng, u
DngNgtlmphnLnhNam(?),HnThTrungcmcviqunKimHong
Thinng(BTYL,2217/Bd,tr.277BdthayKimnhnbngtnvuaKim,vnhm
HongThinngltnngi).3trong4thoinitrnuctrongKTTNT(Q.11,
t4445),hpthnhmtmchonchnhnivphphacngtrongthychin.C
my thoi minh chng ri mi i n tiu kt: D thng thy chin nhi chuyn
dng ha cng gi d. Ngi lm BTYL ly cu em ln u lm thnh tn mt
mc,i2chDthngthaybngiphmvbhaichsau(gid).
Thmnathoith3nivicuDngNgtngqunNhaikhuchochacc
volngtrethxungsngchnthuyncaChiut,xtrakhngnnhp
gvivicnhhacng.ngral1thoiminhhachomtmckhcDng
muctngthynhthyKTTNT(Q.11,t49a).
LimcThychinkimdnglcqun(BTYLT.2,t172/Bdtr.279KTTNT
Q.11,t46a)cngthyhintngctcunhmmcnhtrn.y,KTTNTdn
1 thoi: Lu D sai qun o th i thuyn nh chn nh on thuyn ln ca L
Tun, mt mt sai qun k v qun b i b ty h tr. Thuyn ca L Tun
khngtinc,cnglclibquncungntrnbbnxung,LTuncthua
phi chy sang Giao Chu. Th s Giao Chu l Tu cho qun bn tn la
lng tr xung lm chy thuyn, git c L Tun. Do thoi y mi c tiu kt D
thng thy chin nhi kim dng lc binh gi d. BTYL khng c thoi y (b st)
th khng c ni dung minh ha cho mc. vy li tip theo bng cu: Thy
chinlythungilth,khngnnhpgvimcnu.Cunythcral
mt mc ng ng tip theo: Thy chin d thun phong vi th (KTTNT Q.11, t
46b),cthuytminhbngthoiVngLmnhHuLnginhquncanh
HuTrn(khngctrongBTYL).CnthoiVngTunbqunncNgdngxch
st chn ngang dng sng, Tun bit trc sai dng b g y i trc ph,
BTYLchpvomckimdnglcqun,thlicnhl1trong6thoidng
minh ha cho mc Dng mu ct ng thy (KTTNT, Q.11, t 49a) v.v. Sai lm
mcxchnhvycnkodinmtsmckhcna.lbngchngchothy
ngilmBTYLsdngtiliuKTTNTmvssutlinhngsailm.

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3.umt:BTYLvVbchthngch
Trong BTYL c nhiu thoi trch sch V b ch thng ch (vit tt VBCTC)
(Bdtr.1,118,148,234,283,355).Tuyvy,quatmkimxutxchngtiphthin
vic trch VBCTC din ra trn quy m rng ln hn nhiu. C th dn hng lot
thoimcnhsau:
H doanh trch a php (chn t ng dinh): BTYL 21, Bd, tr. 144146/ /
VBCTC,T.1,Q.3,t58a.
D doanh (ng tri ban m) BTYL 1259 Bd. tr.148155/ /VBCTC, Q.6, t
16a.
mdoanh(ngtribmt):BTYL1258,Bd.tr.15515//VBCTC,T.1,Q.3,t
72b.
Thychin(phnnivccdngtrnthuyn)BTYL2258,Bd.tr.288292//
VBCTC,T.4,Q.13,t45b57b.
nh thnh (cc binh c: thang bay So xa) BTYL, 2261, Bd. Tr.316320 //
VBCTC,T.2,Q.5,t5476.
Githnh(ccdngc:Catreogingkhi)BTYL,2389,Bd.tr.365368//
VBCTC,T.3,Q.10,t19av.v.
Mt khc cng c bng chng cho thy vic trch dn cc binh th c Trung
Quc trong BTYL khng phi trc tip t nguyn th m mt phn ln thng qua
trunggianVBCTC.Vd:vquthodoanhgip(phpohongtri),theo V
binhtngyu:...hooxongthtmbccuphao,khigprtthchtingay,c
cch20bcthtmtchiclu(nggiinhthpbtrnhtchinlu)
ngoiliomthspngarng25bc(ngoiquthmmkhanhnhttrng,
khotnhthpngb)(TnsanVkinhtngyutintp,Q.6,t12b13a).Thoi
nyKSTB(Q.2,t17a)cngtrchngl20bc,vhspngarng25bc.
VBCTCT.1,Q.1,t28nhmnhthpbthnh nhi thin b (2000 bc), v h sp
ngarng2bc.BTYL(1233)saochpliVBCTC,rtcucnhmnhthpb
thnhnhthinbvnhthpngbthnhnhb!
T cng vic iu tra vn bn trn y c th s b xc lp mt lc nh
sau(5):
Theo lc trn y th thi im xut hin vn bn BTYL khng th sm
hn nm T c K T (1869) l nm in KTTNT v KSTB, v cng khng th sm
hnnmxuthincaVBCTC.
NhngVBCTClmtbschnhthno?
l mt b sch kh dy, ton b gm 27 quyn, cng 655 t (28x8), ng
lm7tp,khimtthvincaVBCc:AC.597/17.Schchptay,tmt
schTrngkhcVbchthngch(HaichTrngkhcgilintngmtbn
sao cn c theo mt bn sch in). u sch chp 1 bi Ta ca Tri ph (?) Qung
nglDngBiytNngPh(Tins)nmQuMoninhiuoQuang

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23(1843).Tcgibi Ta ni khi ng ta n Vit ng (tc Qung ng) thy mt

hng sch ang bt u khc vn in b V b ch thng ch bn cm ly xem, th
thyschnycngtanhmtmntrongloischvitvvb(tdicvbch
trungchinhtluyn).Theolithnhcucanhhng,ngbnvitvilitlnu
sch cht chnh cng cc bc qun t. l mt bi Ta khin ta ngc nhin
nhiuhnthv.ivimtbschlnmquynucghirltcphmdo
MaoNguynNghison,huhtmichngmcucmtonngnlunmu
bng my ch: Mao T vit (Thy Mao ni), vy m vic ta ch lm hu
nh ngu nhin, khng mt li no nhc n Mao T. Mt iu bn khon khc:
Qungnglmttnh,quanchcngutnhylchcTunph,ylighil
Triph?NgidchbncaNxbKHXHtrongkhiimltccbbinhthcca
TrungQuccghiMaoNguynNghisonbch,19quynlicVbchthngch
do hc tr ca Mao Nguyn Nghi son, 31 quyn. Ngi dch bn ca nh Khai Tr
(SiGn)thlikVbchcaMaoNguynNghi,240quyn,mkhngnign
VBCTC. Cha r hai dch gi cn c vo u ghi nh trn, m cng khng thy
niquaiugvMaoNguynNghi?Chngtivchatliunnchadmtin
nh vy. Trong khi nghin cu vn bn BTYL lc tm cc binh th Trung Quc th
thyhuhtccschlinquanucbninThvinVinThngtinKHXH,cc
bn hiu ch xut bn sau 1949 cng c kh Th vin Quc gia, m ring
VBCTC (hoc rng ra l sch ca Mao Nguyn Nghi) th ch c 1 bn chp tay
AC.597nhnimthi.Haibtin:TrungQucnhndanhitin(tr.716)
vTrungQucvnhcgiaitin (tr.1266) u c ghi tiu s v tc phm ca
MaoNguynNghi,nhngkhngthytnschnolVbchhocVBCTC.S
ca chng ti v vy tm thi phi dng li vi thi im xut hin bn chp tay
VBCTC cn b ng. Tuy vy, chng ti ngh n kh nng bn chp VBCTC l bn
schcchprabnlichothvincaVBCcnghalphicsaunm
1900lnmbsutpschTrungQucccbtuthchinthvinny.
Vinhngdkinnhtrnhby,thiimxuthinBTYLttphilimunc
thn1,2thpksaunmnitrn.
Ni tm li, qua nhng c liu trn y, chng ta ngh rng c th i n kt
lun vn bn Binh th yu lc hin c chng nhng khng lin quan g n di tc
ca Hng o vng Trn Quc Tun, m cng khng phi l mt b sch c
binsontipniquacciLNguynnhckintrcykhngnh.

CHTHCH
(1) Binh th yu lc. Ph: H trng khu c Nguyn Ngc Tnh v Mng
Khngdch,oDuyAnhhiunh,VnTngiithiu,Nxb.KHXH.H.inlnth
1:1970,418trlnth2:1977,525tr.Trongbinykhidnbndch(Bd)chngti
ghistranlninth2.

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(2) Binh th yu lc. Nguyn Phc Hi, M Nguyn Lng, L Xun Mai
dch.SiGnNhschKhaiTr,1969,162tr.Bndchnychdchhtquyn1,v
khngthyghicnctheobnchHnno.Nhngichiunidungthcphn
chc l dch gi s dng bn vi phim sao chp li bn A.476 t Vin Vin ng
Bcc.
(3)Xem:QunHngBinhthyulccaTrnHngo.SiGn,Phng
ng,S11,thng51972,tr.357.
(4)Chngtidngchthoichonvngmmthocnhiucudint
trnvnmtchcatcgi.
(5)Chngtiloibkhngthhintrongsphnnidungmngilmravn
bnBTYLlyttcphmHtrngkhuc(caoDuyT).

CCTINKHC

VNLCHIVINVSLYTNCAGIANH,HTCNGUYNTRI
MTSNTTNGNGGIANGUYNTRIVHCHMINHTRONGVN
CHNG
TLIUHNNMVNHTPHPLOA
CNGHINLNLAOCHOPHTGIOTRCLMCANHTPHPLOA
BUVTTRNHNGOLICHOHUTHNGHNI
CCHUUVTRUNGQUCUMUNCCNGIVITNY
VAITRCATAMTTRCLMVILCHSCHACNSN
NGUYNTRI560NMSAUVNLCHIVIN
NGITNTODANHTHNGCNSN
THPBTALAHNCHACNSN

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