References:

1. Optoelectronics and Photonics: Principles and Practices by Safa Kasap (First edition)
2. Optoelectronics: An Introduction by John Wilson, J. F. B. Hawkes
3. Semiconductor Optoelectronic Devices by Pallab Bhattacharya
4. Physics of Semiconductor Devices by Simon M. Sze and Kwok K. Ng
5. Optoelectronics and Photonics: Principles and Practices by Safa Kasap (Second edition)
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Some of the topics covered (or to be covered) in the class are mentioned here along with
references. Any other topic covered in the class but not mentioned here are also
included in the syllabus

1. Particle and wave nature of light

1.1.1. Ref. 1, Chapter 1
2. Metals, Semiconductors, Insulators
2.1.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 2
3. Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors: Thermal, Photo generated carriers and Doping
3.1.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 2
3.1.2. Ref. 1, Chapter 3
4. The effective mass concept and E-k relation: direct and indirect bandgap semiconductor
4.1.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 2
4.1.2. Ref. 1, Chapter 3
5. Light incident onto semiconductor: absorption and photo-generation
5.1.1. Ref. 4 (file attached with announcement)
6. Radiative and non-radiative recombination
6.1.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 2
6.1.2. Ref. 1, Chapter 3
6.1.3. Ref. 3, Chapter 3
6.2. Excitonic transitions
6.2.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 2
6.3. Minority carrier and Radiative and non-radiative recombination lifetimes
6.3.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 2
6.4. Quantum efficiency
6.4.1. Ref. 3, Chapter 3
7. Summary of transitions in semiconductor
7.1.1. Ref. 4 (file attached with announcement)
8. Luminescence of different types
8.1.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 4
9. Outcome of electroluminescence: LED
9.1. Principle of LED operation
 9.1.1. Ref. 1, Chapter 3
9.2. Formalism in the forward bias region and Recombination Lifetime
9.2.1. Ref. 1, Chapter 3
9.3. LED Characteristics
9.3.1. Ref. 1, Chapter 3
9.4. Loss mechanisms: external and internal quantum efficiency; packaging and optical
performance
9.4.1. Ref. 1, Chapter 3
9.4.2. Ref. 2, Chapter 4
9.4.3. Ref. 3, Chapter 5
9.4.4. Ref. 4, Chapter 12
9.5. Material choices for LED
9.5.1. Ref. 1, Chapter 3
9.5.2. Ref. 2, Chapter 4
9.5.3. Ref. 4, Chapter 12
9.6. Advantage of Heterojunction LEDs
9.6.1. Ref. 1, Chapter 3
9.7. Surface and edge-emitting LEDs
9.7.1. Ref. 1, Chapter 3
9.8. Coupling to Optical Fibers
9.8.1. Ref. 1, Chapter 3
9.9. Quantum Well LEDs
9.9.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 3
10. Basic concept of Stimulated and Spontaneous Emission/Absorption
10.1.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 4
10.1.2. Ref. 2, Chapter 5
10.2. Einstein Relation (Thermal equilibrium condition)
10.2.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 5
10.3. Emission, Absorption and Gain Coefficient
10.3.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 4
10.3.2. Ref. 2, Chapter 5
10.4. Laser Losses and Gain Coefficient at Threshold Condition
10.4.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 5
10.5. Laser Lineshape and Broadening
10.5.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 4
10.5.2. Ref. 2, Chapter 5
10.6. Population and Power at Laser Threshold: Rate equation based formalism
10.6.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 5
10.7. Laser Modes: Longitudinal and Transverse Modes
10.7.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 4
 10.7.2. Ref. 2, Chapter 5
10.8. Laser of Different Types: Solid-state, Liquid and Gas Lasers
10.8.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 4
10.8.2. Ref. 2, Chapter 5
10.9. Semiconductor lasers: Working principle
10.9.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 4
10.9.2. Ref. 2, Chapter 5
10.10. Threshold and Efficiency terms of Semiconductor lasers
10.10.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 4
10.10.2. Ref. 2, Chapter 5
10.11. Temperature Dependence of Semiconductor Lasers
10.11.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 4
10.12. Heterojunction Semiconductor Lasers
10.12.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 4
10.12.2. Ref. 2, Chapter 5
10.13. Special types of Laser: DFB, DBR, External Cavity Laser and VCSELs
10.13.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 4
10.14. Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers and EDFA
10.14.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 4
11. Photodetector
11.1. Photoconductive Detectors
11.1.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 7
11.2. p-n and p-i-n photodetector (photodiode)
11.2.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 7
11.3. Avalanche Photodiode
11.3.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 7
11.3.2. Ref. 5, Chapter 5
11.4. Heterojunction Photodiodes
11.4.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 5
11.5. Schottky Photodiode
11.5.1. Ref. 5, Chapter 5
11.6. Phototransistor
11.6.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 7
11.6.2. Ref. 5, Chapter 5
11.7. Noise in Photodectors
11.7.1. Ref. 2, Chapter 7
11.7.2. Ref. 5, Chapter 5
12. Solar Cell
12.1. Ref. 1, Chapter 6
13. Modulators (Ref. 1, Chapter 7; same as Ref. 5, Chapter 6)
13.1. Polarization and Malus law
13.2. Optical Anisotropy: Uniaxial and Biaxial crystals and Dichroism
13.3. Retarding Plate and Soleil Babinet Compensators
13.4. Electro Optic Effects
13.4.1. Kerr Effect
13.4.2. Pockels Effect
13.5. Phase and Polarization Modulator
13.6. Acousto Optic Modulator
13.7. Magnetor Optic Effects