TSAS SA Draft Program - 6!26!17

TSAS Summer Academy NPSIA 2017
Tentative Program
Sunday July 16 Get to Know People Social Dinner
6:30 pm 10 pm two six (ate) 268 Preston St., Ottawa. http://twosixate.com/
Dinner and non-alcoholic drinks will be covered as part of your registration fee.
Please RSVP by Monday July 7 if you intend to join us. Details about transportation
available in registrants welcome package.
TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 1

Mon. July 17 Context for Terrorism and Security in Canada
8:30-8:45 am Registration and Refreshments
8:45-9 am Opening remarks
9-10:15 am Jeremy Littlewood, Professor, NPSIA, Carleton University
History of Terrorism in Canada
Recommended Readings:
a) Building Resilience Against Terrorism: Canada's Counter-terrorism Strategy
https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/rslnc-gnst-trrrsm/index-en.aspx
b) Ronald Crelinsten. 2012. Canadas Experience with Terrorism and Violent Extremism.
In Daveed Gartenstein-Ross & Senator Linda Frum (editors) Terror in the Peaceable
Kingdom (Washington, D.C.; FDD Press) pages 9 to 27.
https://www.defenddemocracy.org/content/uploads/documents/Peaceable_Kingdo
m.pdf
10:15-10:30 am Break
10:30-11:45 am Susheel Gupta, Director, Air India Victims' Families Association &
Vice-Chairperson, Canadian Human Rights Tribunal
Terrorism in Canada: Victims Perspective
a) Phase 1 Report of the Air India Inquiry Report, specifically pages 1-9
http://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/206/301/pco-bcp/commissions/air_india/2010-07-
23/www.majorcomm.ca/en/reports/phase1/phase1report.pdf
b) Inquiry's Overview Volume
http://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/206/301/pco-bcp/commissions/air_india/2010-07-
23/www.majorcomm.ca/en/reports/finalreport/default.htm
11:45-12:45 pm Lunch
12:45-1:45 pm Small Group Exercise What do you think Matters?

1:45-3 pm Craig Forcese, Professor, Law, University of Ottawa
Critical Legal Perspectives on National Security

a) Listen to the podcast series posted on iTunes, before attending this session.
https://itunes.apple.com/ca/podcast/national-security-law/id1193279605?mt=2
b) In addition, a links to a simulated scenario will be sent to attendees in a separate
email a week or so in advance of the workshop.
3-3:15 pm Break Refreshments available
3:15-4:30 pm Colonel Francis Paccagnini, Homeland security attach / Embassy of France

Lessons from the Terrorist Attacks in Nice and Paris
Recommended Readings (French):

a) https://www.interieur.gouv.fr/
b) http://www.lepoint.fr/societe/les-4-premieres-lecons-de-l-attentat-de-nice-17-07-
2016-2054973_23.php;
c) http://www.lemonde.fr/attaques-a-paris/article/2015/11/19/soins-de-premiere-
urgence-les-lecons-de-la-nuit-du-13-novembre_4813369_4809495.html
d) https://www.interieur.gouv.fr/Archives/Archives-des-actualites/2016-
Actualites/Schema-national-d-intervention-des-forces-de-securite
Tuesday July 18 Responding to the Threat of Terrorism

8:30-8:45am Registration and Refreshments
9-10:15 am Ritu Banerjee, Director, Operational Policy and Review,
Dept. of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness at the Public Safety and National
Security Committee
Roles and Responsibilities for National Security
a) 2016 Public Report on the Terrorist Threat to Canada -
https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/2016-pblc-rpr-trrrst-thrt/index-
en.aspx
b) Our Security, Our Rights: National Security Green Paper, 2016 -
https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/ntnl-scrt-grn-ppr-2016/index-
en.aspx
c) Building Resilience Against Terrorism: Canada's Counter-terrorism Strategy -
https://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/cnt/rsrcs/pblctns/rslnc-gnst-trrrsm/index-en.aspx
10:15-10:30 am Break

10:30-11:45 am Rauri Nicholason, Deputy Director-General, Counter-terrorism Division, CSIS
CSIS Perspectives on National Security
Recommended Readings: to come via separate email at later date.
11:45-1 pm Lunch BBQ
1-2:15 pm Steve Nordstrom, RCMP

Role of RCMP in National Security
a) Simpson, Emile, War From the Ground Up: Twenty-First Century Combat as Politics.
Dec 4, 2012. Introduction and Chapter 1.
b) Bell, Stewart ISIS fighter from Ottawa appears in video threatening Canada with
attacks where it hurts you the most The National Post December 7, 2014
http://nationalpost.com/news/world/israel-middle-east/john-maguire-an-isis-fighter-
from-ottawa-appears-on-video-warning-canada-of-attacks-where-it-hurts-you-the-
most/wcm/3fc68c1f-672a-48cf-bc16-414f3598f90e
2:15-2:30 pm Break Refreshments available
2:30-4 pm Phil Gurski, Ex-CSIS analyst, Current CEO Borealis Threat & Risk Consulting
A Day in the Life a Security Analyst
a) www.borealisthreatandrisk.com (Borealis Threat and Risk - blog posts)
b) Defeating IS Ideology Sounds Good, But What Does It Really Mean? J.M. Berger.
ICCT Publication, June 6, 2017
https://icct.nl/publication/defeating-is-ideology-sounds-good-but-what-does-it-
really-mean/

Wednesday July 19 - Research on Radicalization and Terrorism
8:30-8:45 am Assembly and Refreshments
9-10:15 am Lorne Dawson, Sociology & Legal Studies, Religious Studies, University of Waterloo
The Social Ecology of Home Grown Terrorism
a) Martha Crenshaw, "The Subjective Reality of the Terrorist: Ideological and Psychological
Factors in Terrorism." In Current Perspectives in International Terrorism, edited by
Robert O. Slater and Michael Stohl. Hampshire: Macmillan, 1988.
b) Mohammed Hafez and Creighton Mullins, The Radicalization Puzzle: A Theoretical
Synthesis of Empirical Approaches to Homegrown Extremism, Studies in Conflict and
Terrorism 38, 2015: 958-975.
http://calhoun.nps.edu/bitstream/handle/10945/47758/Hafez-Mullins-The-
Radicalization-Puzzle_2015-11_HOLD.pdf?sequence=1
c) Lorne L. Dawson, Sketch of a Social Ecology Model for Explaining Homegrown Terrorist
Radicalization. International Centre for Counter Terrorism The Hague (Jan. 2017) DOI:
10.19165/2017.1.01
https://icct.nl/publication/sketch-of-a-social-ecology-model-for-explaining-homegrown-
terrorist-radicalisation/
10:15-10:30 am Break
10:30-11:45 am Amarnath Amarsingam, Research Fellow, Institute for Strategic Dialogue
Western Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq
a) https://www.academia.edu/31051909/Talking_to_Foreign_Fighters_Insights_into_t
he_Motivations_for_Hijrah_to_Syria_and_Iraq (Note: accessing this article requires
that you use Facebook or Gmail to set up academia.edu account which takes about 2
mins).
b) https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/03/isis-foreign-fighter-
jihad-syria-iraq/518313/
11:45-12:45 pm Lunch
12:45-2 pm Barbara Perry, Professor, University of Ontario Institute of Technology
Far Right Extremism in Canada
a) The Process of Radicalization: Right-Wing Skinheads in Quebec Samuel Tanner and
Aurlie Campana, Aug 2014
http://tsas.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/TSASWP14-07_Tanner-Campana.pdf
b) Uneasy Alliances: A Look at the Right-Wing Extremist Movement in Canada B.
Perry and Ryan Scrivens. Jan 2016
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1057610X.2016.1139375
2-2:15 pm Break Refreshments Available
2:15-3:30 pm Small Group Exercises
3:15-4:30 pm FINTRAC Panel: one panellist from each of the two financial intelligence functions
(strategic and tactical) a third representative to provide a policy perspective and an
overview of the challenges/environment in which the Centre operates.
FINTRAC: An overview of the Centres role in detecting, deterring and preventing the
financing of terrorist activities
a) Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada Who we are
http://www.fintrac-canafe.gc.ca/fintrac-canafe/1-eng.asp
b) Financial Action Task Force (FATF) Who we are
http://www.fatf-gafi.org/about/
c) Financial Action Task Force (FATF):Terrorist Financing Strategy
http://www.fatfgafi.org/publications/fatfgeneral/documents/terroristfinancing.html

Thursday July 20 Engaging with the Community
8:30-8:45 am Registration and Refreshments
9-10:15 am Kevin Farrell, British Embassy,
Countering Violent Extremism in the UK
a) Policy paper: Counter-terrorism strategy (CONTEST)
www.gov.uk/government/publications/counter-terrorism-strategy-contest
b) UK's Prevent counter-radicalisation policy 'badly flawed', The Guardian, October 19,
2016. www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/oct/19/uks-prevent-counter-
radicalisation-policy-badly-flawed
10:15-10:30 am Break
10:30-11:45 am Ghayda Hassan, Professor Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal

'Countering Violent Extremism - a multidimensional and multi-sectoral model for
addressing Canadian specific risk and protective factors'
a) UNESCO report Social media and radicalisation of youth in the digital era
http://www.unesco.org/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/news/background_s
ocial_media_radicalization.pdf
b) Akimi Scarcella, Ruairi, Vivek Furtado (2016). Terrorism, Radicalisation, Extremism,
Authoritarianism and Fundamentalism: A Systematic Review of the Quality and
Psychometric Properties of Assessments.
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0166947
11:45-12:45 pm Lunch
12:45-2 pm Marian Misdrahi, Sociologist, Centre for Prevention of Radicalization to Violence,
Countering Violent Extremism
2-2:15 pm Break Refreshments Available
2:15-4 pm CONTINUED
- Marian Misdrahi, Sociologist, Centre for Prevention of Radicalization to Violence,
Countering Violent Extremism
Recommended Readings: to come via separate email at later date.
Evening - Thursday July 20 TSAS Junior Affiliate Workshop Opening Social &
TSAS Summer Academy Closing Social
5-8 pm Optional Free Museum and Gallery Admission
7:50pm Dinner @ Mamma Grazzis, 25 George St. (Byward Market)

TSAS Summer Speaker Profiles and Abstracts - Monday July 17, 2017
Jeremy Littlewood, Professor, NPSIA, Carleton University
Dr. Jeremy Littlewood is an Assistant Professor in the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs at
Carleton University, where he leads the Intelligence and International Affairs (IIA) concentration of the M.A.
programme. His research encompasses terrorism and counter-terrorism, proliferation of weapons of mass
destruction, and national security intelligence. His most recent research grants studied chemical, biological,
radiological and nuclear terrorism under the Kanishka Project Contribution Program, and technology and
terrorism under the Canadian Safety and Security Programme. His peer-reviewed work on biological weapons
controls is complemented by publications related to intelligence and national security issues. He served
previously with the UK Foreign & Commonwealth Office, the United Nations, and with HM Forces in the UK.
He is a regular guest speaker on issues related to terrorism and intelligence in Ottawa.
Abstract - History of Terrorism in Canada
Canada has long experience of terrorism with over 1,400 incidents of terrorism since 1960. The presentation
focuses on four issues. Canada's experience of terrorism compared to trends in terrorism globally. The post-
9/11 terrorism that has affected Canada and Canadian interests. Canadian counterterrorism terrorism in
comparative context. Issues and challenges in counterterrorism in contemporary Canada. The presentation is
intended to provide context and key information for the more detailed presentations on radicalization to
violence, foreign fighters, countering violent extremism, and terrorism and the law.
Susheel Gupta, Director, Air India Victims' Families Association & Vice-Chairperson, Canadian Human Rights
Tribunal
Susheel Gupta is currently the Vice-Chairperson of the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal. He is on leave from the Public
Prosecution Service of Canada. Prior to his current position he worked with the Department of Justice War Crimes
Section while a majority of his career has been spent as a Federal Prosecutor and Computer Crime Advisor. With respect
to National Security and Intelligence issues, Susheel was one of the prosecutors in Canada's first prosecution under the
Anti-Terrorism Act.
On a more personal note, Susheel has been actively involved in issues of national security, terrorism and security. He
was 12 years old when his mother was murdered on when Air India Flight 182 exploded with a bomb on board. She was
only 37 at the time. Since that tragic day, he has been a spokesperson for the Victims' Families Association. He was one
of the key individuals who advocated for a full public inquiry into the Air India Bombing. It was this terrorist incident and
tragedy that led him to his career path in serving the public.
Susheel brings a unique and diverse background on issues that are relevant to all of us and offers many perspectives due
to his security and justice system expertise and experience as a victim of terrorism.
Abstract - Terrorism in Canada: Victims Perspective

Susheel Gupta will present on his experience as a member of the Air India Victims Families Association having
lost his mother to the Air India Bombing. Specifically, he will address: interplay between various government
agencies and victims of terrorism; issues regarding meeting the needs of victims of terrorism; services for

victims of terrorism; government and community response to the bombing; socio-cultural factors; resilience of
victims families; Human Rights issues
Craig Forcese, Professor, Law, University of Ottawa

Craig Forcese is a full professor at the Faculty of Law (Common Law Section), University of Ottawa.
He is also an Adjunct Research Professor & Senior Fellow, Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton
University (from 2017 to 2022); a National Security Crisis Law Fellow, Center on National Security and the Law at
Georgetown Law (Washington DC) (from 2017 to 2020); and, Senior Associate at the Global Justice Lab, Munk School of
Global Affairs, University of Toronto (2016 to 2018).
Craig sits on the executive on the Canadian Network for Research on Terrorism, Security and Society (TSAS), and is a past
president of the Canadian Council on International Law and the Canadian Association of Law Teachers.
At uOttawa, Craig teaches public international law, national security law, administrative law and constitutional law. He
also co-teaches advanced international law and relations at the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs,
Carleton University. He co-organizes and instructs the Canadian component of Georgetown Laws National Security
Crisis Law course and simulation.
Much of Craigs present research and writing relates to national security and democratic accountability. In the national
security area, he is co-author of False Security: The Radicalization of Canadas Terror Laws (Irwin Law, 2015) (with Kent
Roach), the author of National Security Law: Canadian Practice in International Perspective (Irwin Law, 2008) and co-
editor of Human Rights and Anti-terrorism (Irwin Law, 2008) and Terrorism, Law and Democracy: 10 Years after 9/11
(Montreal: Canadian Institute for the Administration of Justice, 2012). Craig blogs regularly on national security law at
www.nationalsecuritylaw.ca.
Abstract - Critical Legal Perspectives on National Security

Craig will lead the seminar through a hypothetical terrorism event, examining the legal tools available to respond to the
event as it develops. Issues discussed will include: the legal mandate and role of CSIS and RCMP; surveillance law;
information-sharing law; intelligence to evidence and deconfliction challenges; peace bonds; Secure Air Travel Act;
passport revocation; peace bonds; disruption and threat reduction powers; terrorism offences; and powers to respond
to an emergency situation.
Colonel Francis Paccagnini, Homeland security attach / Embassy of France

Colonel Francis Paccagnini joined the Army Support Branch and was appointed in a Regiment, in the Alps for 3 years,
where he was responsible for the logistical maintenance of a 7.000 staff military unit belonging to the French 'Division
Alpine'. He was deployed 6 months abroad as commanding officer in Lebanon (United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
UNIFIL), supporting half of the overall force. He came back at the Military Academy of Saint-Cyr, as a training officer
from 1992 to 1994, in charge of the overall education of 30 cadets (MA) into full fledged junior managers, with
professional capabilities (leadership, interpersonal skills, proper behaviour in crisis situation...) He decided to join the
French Gendarmerie and commanded 120 gendarmes belonging to an anti-riot unit engaged in crisis situations (New
Caledonia, Guadeloupe), and, after that, a district company in La Flche. This area mixes rural and remote places as well
as peri-urban areas and important communication axis with questions of public order, enquiries and criminal
investigations. In 2002, as a major, he was selected to follow the War College in Paris. From 2003 to 2006, he became
the deputy chief of staff at the cabinet of the 'directeur gnral de la gendarmerie nationale'. It was a period of relevant
reforms, as the Gendarmerie was placed under the responsibility of the Minister of Interior. Part of his duty consisted in
anticipating and enabling rapid reaction of national level issues, maintaining close liaison with counterparts within state
cabinets and institutional partners. As a lieutenant-colonel, he was designated to conduct the training and education of
the 150 masters degree cadet officers Promotion, in Melun, at the 'Ecole des officiers de la gendarmerie'. The task was
to train them as junior police managers (ethical code, law, physical training, operational education).

In 2008, he was promoted colonel and was given the command of the departmental gendarmerie unit of Meurthe-et-
Moselle, in Nancy. He was in charge of operational and HR management of 650 staff over 300.000 inhabitants. His
mission was to carry out the global security of the area, the police and criminal investigations, the drafting of the action
plan and the strategic main lines of work. These missions were completed in a period of drastic budget cuts. He was
identified as a relevant partner of the stakeholders and medias (governmental, judicial and elected local senior
representatives). Then, he joined the HQ in Paris, as deputy staff officer of the Chief Operations Officer (95.000 staff
members), in charge of implementing and controlling the strategic files handed over to the director. His assignment as
the Homeland security attach in Kaboul, Afghanistan, in 2012 allowed him to evolve in a highly damaged context,
implementing the cooperation and security issues (security training programs, police investigations and antinarcotic
trafficking, educational program for Afghan national police). Back in Paris in 2013, he followed the 4th session of the
Centre for High studies of the Ministry of Interior. The aim is to strengthen the senior executives knowledge from the
Ministry of Interior, to study the European institutions, International relations and the processes of private companies.
He was appointed as head of mission at International cooperation HQ of the Ministry of Interior, elaborating the general
policy of the directorate, enhancing the strategic policy of the Direction, conducting staff management (career,
discipline, training...), audits and security assessment in locations abroad (embassies...). He was nominated as the
Homeland security attach in Ottawa September, 9th of 2016.After a short presentation of the International
Cooperation Department of the French Ministry of Interior (general composition, missions), I would introduce a general
summary of the terrorist attacks which occured in France in 2015 and 2016 (from Charlie Hebdo, the Bataclan to Nice).
Abstract - Lessons from the Terrorist Attacks in Nice and Paris

The chronology of the events will be disclosed from the beginning of the attacks until the neutralisation. Then,
the general portraits of the main offenders will be presented. Following this presentation, a reflection will be
exposed about the possible failures and, more important, about the lessons which can be remembered after
these dramatic events. Thus, regarding the description of the various structures which deal with terrorist and
intelligence issues in France, the measures which were completed after the events will be explained. The new
National Plan of Intervention will be described, and the new distribution of the specialised and intervention
units will be shown.
Speaker Profiles and Abstracts - Tuesday July 18, 2017
Ritu Banerjee - Senior Director, Countering Radicalization to Violence, Public Safety Canada
Ritu Banerjee is the Senior Director for Countering Radicalization to Violence at Public Safety Canada. In this
role, she is responsible for the Office for Community Outreach and Countering Radicalization to Violence. She
previously served as the Senior Director of National Security Policy and as the Director of Intelligence Policy
within the National Security Policy Directorate at Public Safety Canada. Prior to that, she worked as a policy
advisor for the Afghanistan Task Force and in the Security and Intelligence Secretariat, both within the Privy
Council Office. She has also worked for the Federal Department of Justice. In addition to holding a Bachelor of
Arts degree from McGill University, she has a Master of Arts in Political Science from the School of Oriental
and African Studies at the University of London and a Law degree from the University of Ottawa. She has been
a member of the Law Society of Upper Canada since 2000.
Abstract - Roles and Responsibilities for National Security in Canada

The first priority of the Government of Canada is to protect the safety and security of Canadians both at home and
abroad. Achieving this objective is a multi-faceted endeavor that requires cooperation across a diverse range of
programs and initiatives. In this presentation, Ms. Ritu Banerjee will outline the threats facing Canada and how Canadas
national security and intelligence agencies work to address these threats. There are many federal departments and

agencies that play a role in maintaining Canadas national security including Public Safety Canada, the Canadian Security
Intelligence Service (CSIS), the Communications Security Establishment (CSE), National Defence and the Canadian Armed
Forces, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), the Privy Council Office (PCO), and others. Participants will learn
about who does what in Canadas national security community and how these diverse agencies work together to keep
Canada safe. Ms. Banerjee will highlight the policies and legislation that guide Canadas national security framework,
such as the Anti-Terrorism Act, 2015 (former Bill C-51), the Secure Air Travel Act, the CSIS Act, and others. Following a
discussion on the results of the recently completed national security consultations, Ms. Banerjee will conclude by
outlining recent, as well as upcoming changes to Canadas national security framework. Through this presentation,
participants will better understand the complex issues involved in keeping Canadians safe.
Ruari Nicholson, Deputy Director-General, Counter-terrorism Division, Canadian Security Intelligence

Service (CSIS)
By way of background, Ruari Nicholson has 27 years experience in military and intelligence operations. He proudly
served with the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) as a Naval Officer (MARS) prior to joining CSIS as an intelligence officer in
1996. He has spent the majority of my career in CT operations, with deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan. Ruari has
have completed a two year secondment with the RCMP in National Security Criminal Operations. He has completed the
one year National Security Program (NSP) at the Canadian Forces College (CFC). He holds a BA from McGill and a Master
of Public Administration (MPA) from the Royal Military College.
Abstract CSIS and Counter Terrorism

Rauri Nicholson will examine intelligence organization in a modern, digital age and to assess their relevancy as the
state's purveyor of secret intelligence. He will discuss modern Counter Terrorism (CT) operations and the challenges
faced by the Service. This will include a number of case studies based on my experience as a CT manager to include
Aaron DRIVER.
Steve Nordstrom, RCMP to come later

Abstract Role of the RCMP in National Security to come later
Phil Gurski, President/CEO of Borealis Threat and Risk Consulting, former strategic analyst at CSIS, CSE
Phil Gurski is the President and CEO of Borealis Threat and Risk Consulting. He worked as a strategic analyst in the
Canadian intelligence community for over 30 years, including 15 at CSIS, with assignments at Public Safety Canada and
the Ontario Provincial Police . He specializes in radicalization and homegrown Al Qaeda/Islamic State/Islamist-inspired
extremism. He has spoken to audiences about terrorism across Canada and the US and around the world. He is the
author of "The Threat from Within: Recognizing Al Qaeda-Inspired Radicalization and Terrorism in the West", "Western
Foreign Fighters: The Threat to Homeland and International Security" and the forthcoming "The Lesser Jihads: Bringing
Islamist extremism to the world" (all available at Rowman and Littlefield).
Abstract A Day in the Life of Security Analyst

Have you ever thought about a career in intelligence or were just curious what life is is like in the intelligence world. I
will walk you what it was like to work in the Canadian intelligence community for over 30 years: what I read, with whom
I interacted, what life behind the curtain was like.
Speaker Profiles and Abstracts - Wednesday July 18, 2017
Lorne Dawson, Full Professor, Sociology and Legal Studies University of Waterloo

Dr. Lorne L. Dawson is a Full Professor in the Department of Sociology and Legal Studies and the Department of Religious
Studies at the University of Waterloo. He has written three books, edited four books, and published sixty five academic
articles and book chapters. Most of his research had been in the sociology of religion, particularly the study of new
religious movements, and such phenomena as charismatic authority, apocalyptic movements, and the failure of
prophecy. His work on why some new religions become violent led to research on the process of radicalization in
homegrown terrorist groups, and terrorism more generally. In 2012 he helped to found, and is currently the Director of
the Canadian Network for Research on Terrorism, Security and Society (www.tsas.ca). One of his current projects is a
qualitative study of foreign fighters in Syria and Iraq, and the family members and friends of such fighters (e.g., L.
Dawson and A. Amarsingam, Talking to Foreign Fighters: Insights into the Motivations for Hijrah to Syria and Iraq,
Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 40 (3), 2017: 191-210 DOI 10.1080/1057610X.2016.1274216). He has made numerous
invited presentations on the radicalization of terrorists to academic and government groups, and he is frequently
interviewed in the media about terrorism.
Abstract The Social Ecology of Homegrown Terrorism

The study of homegrown jihadi terrorist radicalization has veered from early efforts to theorize what was happening,
which were often insufficiently grounded in empirical evidence, to a reticence to theorize much at all, given the
perceived complexity of the phenomenon. Yet knowledge acquisition and mobilization in this relatively new field
remains acutely dependent how we conceptualize what is happening and integrate our findings. This talk outlines, and
argues the merits, of a fairly straightforward ecological approach to organizing and extending our grasp of the social and
social psychological factors influencing the career of potential jihadists. It encourages you to think of the process of
radicalization leading to violence as the complex, contingent, yet somewhat predictable outcome of the interaction of a
series of factors ranging from the pervasive social structural features of late modern societies to the profound influence
of our engrained responses to small group dynamics.
Amarnath Amarsingam, Senior Research Fellow, Institute for Strategic Dialogue

Amarnath Amarasingam is a Senior Research Fellow at the Institute for Strategic Dialogue, a Fellow at The George
Washington Universitys Program on Extremism, and Co-Directs a study of Western foreign fighters based at the
University of Waterloo. He is the author of Pain, Pride, and Politics: Sri Lankan Tamil Activism in Canada (2015).
Abstract- Western Foreign Fighters in Syria & Iraq

The conflict in Syria and Iraq has inspired an unprecedented surge of foreign fighters, drawn from the Arabic and
Western worlds, to oppose the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, and, for many, replace it with an Islamic
State. Many of these fighters are joining proscribed jihadist groups such as Jabhat al-Nusra and ISIS. This phenomenon
has become a dominant security concern and considerable effort is being made to track and understand what is
happening, and stop the migration of new fighters. This paper will present some initial findings from of one of the few
studies currently underway to acquire primary data about these foreign fighters, through interviews with fighters in
Syria and Iraq, their families, friends and associates, and other online supporters of jihadism.
Dr. Barbara Perry, Professor, Faculty of Social Science and Humanities

Barbara Perry is a Professor in the Faculty of Social Science and Humanities at the University of Ontario Institute of
Technology. She has written extensively on social justice generally, and hate crime specifically. She has published several
books spanning both areas, including Diversity, Crime and Justice in Canada, and In the Name of Hate: Understanding
Hate Crime. She has also published in the area of Native American victimization and social control, including one book
entitled The Silent Victims: Native American Victims of Hate Crime, and Policing Race and Place: Under- and Over-
enforcement in Indian Country both of which were based on interviews with Native Americans (University of Arizona
Press). She was the General Editor of a five volume set on hate crime (Praeger), and editor of Volume 3: Victims of Hate
Crime of that set. Her work has been published in journals representing diverse disciplines: Theoretical Criminology,
Journal of Social and Behavioral Sciences; Journal of History and Politics; and American Indian Quarterly. Dr. Perry
continues to work in the area of hate crime, and has begun to make contributions to the limited scholarship on hate
crime in Canada, including work on anti-Muslim violence, hate crime against LGBTQ communities, the community
impacts of hate crime, and right wing extremism in Canada.
Abstract Far Right Extremism in Canada

Surprising to some and disturbing to others, Canada known for its multicultural spirit has seen no shortage of
mainstream racism, xenophobia, or ethnocentrism. In early 2017, Canadians were reminded that a deep-seated
intolerance towards non-whites remains alive and well, as a Muslim cultural centre in Quebec was the target of a deadly
attack by a white supremacist. However, we have little contemporary scholarship on the far right movement in Canada.
Drawing on a three-year study involving interviews with Canadian law enforcement officials, community organizations,
and right wing activists, as well as analyses of open source intelligence, I highlight both the endogenous and exogenous
factors that facilitate and inhibit the right wing extremist movement in Canada.
FINTRAC STAFF - officials dealing with each of the two financial intelligence functions (strategic and tactical); a
third representative to provide a policy perspective and an overview of the challenges/environment in which
the Centre operates. (Identities to remain confidential)
Abstract FINTRAC: An overview of the Centres role in detecting, deterring and preventing the financing of
terrorist activities
The Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada (FINTRAC) is Canada's financial intelligence unit. The
Centre's intelligence and compliance programs strive to disrupt the ability of criminals and terrorist groups that seek to
abuse Canada's financial system and to reduce the profit incentive of crime. This presentation will feature a panel of
speakers from FINTRAC's intelligence program and its policy unit. An overview of the department's raison d'tre and
anti-money laundering / anti-terrorist financing mandate will be provided. The focus of the presentation will be on
conveying a practical understanding of FINTRAC's financial intelligence function and operating environment, as well as
highlighting key terrorist financing issues that are on the Centres radar.
Speaker Profiles and Abstracts - Thursday July 19, 2017

Kevin Farrell, Political Officer, British High Commission
Kevin Farrell covers domestic policy and politics at the British High Commission in Ottawa. He has previously worked for
the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office in Kuwait City and in London.
Abstract Countering Violent Extremism in the UK

The UKs Counter Terrorism Strategy (known as CONTEST) was developed in 2003 but has undergone several revisions
since. The aim of the strategy is to reduce the risk to the UK and its interests overseas from terrorism, so that people
can go about their lives freely and with confidence. Its four pillars: Prevent, Pursue, Protect, and Prepare have
influenced other government strategies including Canadas. The Prevent element of the strategy seeks to reduce
support for terrorism and to challenge those who promote it, including by supporting individuals who are especially
vulnerable to becoming radicalized. This session looks at the context for Britains approach to counter-terrorism and
addresses some recent challenges to this approach. It focuses particularly on UK approaches to countering violent
extremism and asks what might come next in this evolving policy area.
Ghayda Hassan, Professor, Psychology University of Quebec at Montreal

Dr. Ghayda Hassan is a clinical psychologist and professor of clinical psychology at UQAM university in Montreal and has
several research, clinical and community based national and international affiliations. She is the director of the Canadian
Practioner Network for the Prevention of Radicalization and Extremist Violence (CPN-PREV, funded by PS Canada). She is
also a reseacher and senior clinical consultant at the SHERPA-RAPS team of the CIUSSS Center-West of the island of
Montreal. Her systematic reviews, research and clinical activities are centred around four main areas of clinical cultural
psychology: 1) Social suffering, intercommunity relations and violent extremism ; 2) Intervention in family violence &
cultural diversity ; 2) Identity, belonging and mental health of children and adolescents from ethnic/religious minorities ;
3) working with vulnerable immigrants and refugees. She is currently co-leading the research, training and
prevention/intervention activities of the FRQSC funded RAPS team (SHERAP subteam for Research and Action on
Radicalisation and Social Suffering ; (http://www.sherpa-recherche.com/fr/recherche-
pratiques/souffrancesocialeetradicalisation/).

Abstract - 'Countering Violent Extremism - a multidimensional and multi-sectoral model for addressing
Canadian specific risk and protective factors'
This presentation will provide the results of research projects on the risk and protective factors to violent radicalization
among Canadian youth, as well as share evidence based best practices in preventing violent radicalization. A multi-
sectoral and multi-dimensional prevention model will be presented as an example of best practice in the field.
Marian Misdrahi, Programs Coordinator, Centre for the Prevention of Radicalization Leading to Violence
Marian Misdrahi holds a PhD in Sociology from the University of Montral. An expert on social inequalities,
discrimination and identity, she has worked as a researcher on homelessness and mental health, as well as on the racial
profiling of young offenders in Quebec. A native of Mexico City, she taught Sociology at the Universidad Nacional
Autnoma de Mxico (UNAM) (National Autonomous University of Mexico), and has also been a lecturer at the
University of Montral.
Abstract Countering Violent Extremism

Marian will be delivering one of the CPRLVs training programs to the registrants of the Summer Academy. This will offer
the group a firsthand experience of de-radicalization training offered by CPRLV.
The CPRLV offers practical training in the fields of psychosocial intervention, education, criminal justice and public
safety. It also provides training to community organizations and public and private institutions. In addition, the Centre
offers a variety of activities for schools designed to raise student awareness of the issues related to radicalization leading
to violence and hate crimes and incidents.
Training programs have been developed for front-line workers and administrators alike with the following objectives in
mind:
To enable participants to understand the characteristics of different types of violent radicalization (right-wing,
left-wing, religious and single-cause extremism);
To permit participants to recognize and understand behaviours and situations contributing to violent
radicalization;
To enable participants to identify risk and protection factors for violent radicalization;
To teach participants appropriate attitudes, forms of intervention or administrative procedures for dealing with
situations involving radicalization.

Friday July 21, 2017 TENTATIVE Agenda: Junior Affiliate Workshop
NPSIA, Carleton University CB #3101
8:30 am Arrival and Registration
8:45 9 am Welcome & Introduction by Maxime Brub and Lorne Dawson

9-10:00 am Lorne Dawson, Professor Sociology & Legal Studies, University of Waterloo,
What is the Role of Ideology in the Radicalization of Western Jihadi Terrorists? The
Debate Continues
10:00 10:30 am BREAK
10:30 12:00 pm Panel 1: Understudied fields in terrorism (Moderator M. Brub)

1) Muna Osman (MA, NPSIA, Carleton) and Josiah Witherspoon (MA, NPSIA)
- Kidnapping for Ransom: Ideologies, Outcomes, and Strategies for Canada
2) Nicole Tishler (PHD, NPSIA, Carleton)
- Terrorism Hoaxes: The Canadian Experience
3) Michael Shkolnik (PHD, NPSIA, Carleton)
- Nascent Insurrections: Understanding Militant Group Escalations from Low-level
Violence to Sustained Armed Conflict
12:00 1:00 pm LUNCH
1:00 2:30 pm Panel 2: Radicalization and violent extremism (Moderator Katie Ford)
4) Ashlee Babcock, (MA Balsillie School of International Affairs, University of

Waterloo)
- The Recruitment and Radicalization of Youth in Terrorist Organizations: A Nexus
Between Online and Offline Behaviour
5) Maxime Brub, PhD, Criminology, Universit de Montral.
- Understanding the diversity of jihadi rhetoric: Who, says what, and how?
6) Yaqub Ibrahimi, PHD, Political Science, Carleton
- Salafi-Jihadism and Canadas Public Safety: The Role of Ideology in Radicalization
2:30 2:45 pm BREAK
2:45 4:15 pm Panel 3: Counterterrorism (Moderator Nicole Tishler)
7) Ahmed Kawser (PHD, Research fellow with the Centre for Defence and Security
Studies (CDSS)
- Community Focused Counter Radicalization Initiatives: An Analysis of Project Leaders
Experiences, Perceptions and Lessons Learnt
8) Aziz Rahman (PhD, Peace and Conflict Studies, University of Manitoba)
- The Rhetoric and Practice of Counter-Terrorism in Canada: Vilification, Stigmatization,
and Marginalization of Muslim Communities
9) Katie Ford, (PHD Sociology, University of Waterloo)
- Governing Campus Extremism: The Role of Higher Education Institutions in Ontario
4:15- 4:30 pm Closing remarks

TSAS Jr Academic Affiliate Workshop, July 21, 2017 Carleton University
Speaker Profiles and Presentation Abstracts:
Keynote Speaker:
Lorne Dawson - Profile

Dr. Lorne L. Dawson is a Full Professor in the Department of Sociology and Legal Studies and the Department
of Religious Studies at the University of Waterloo. He has written three books, edited four books, and
published sixty five academic articles and book chapters. Most of his research had been in the sociology of
religion, particularly the study of new religious movements, and such phenomena as charismatic authority,
apocalyptic movements, and the failure of prophecy. His work on why some new religions become violent led
to research on the process of radicalization in homegrown terrorist groups, and terrorism more generally. In
2012 he helped to found, and is currently the Director of the Canadian Network for Research on Terrorism,
Security and Society (www.tsas.ca). One of his current projects is a qualitative study of foreign fighters in Syria
and Iraq, and the family members and friends of such fighters (e.g., L. Dawson and A. Amarsingam, Talking to
Foreign Fighters: Insights into the Motivations for Hijrah to Syria and Iraq, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism
40 (3), 2017: 191-210 DOI 10.1080/1057610X.2016.1274216). He has made numerous invited presentations
on the radicalization of terrorists to academic and government groups, and he is frequently interviewed in the
media about terrorism.
Dawson - Abstract
A close examination of much of the scholarship on the process of radicalization leading to violence in the case
of so-called homegrown jihadi terrorists, and the Western foreign fighters in Syria and Iraq, reveals a
repeated and persistent tendency to downplay, or even explain away, the role of religion in the causation of
what is widely identified as religious terrorism. This presentation analyses this ironic state of affairs,
documenting some prominent instances, criticizing the logic of the arguments advanced, and delineating some
of the explanatory misunderstandings driving the erasure of religion as a motivator for religious terrorism.
Contrarily, an argument is advanced for the pivotal role of religious experiences and convictions in becoming a
jihadi terrorist. The analysis utilizes insights from both the study of specific academic texts and qualitative
research with jihadi foreign fighters engaged in combat in Syria, and other jihadi extremists in the West. To
effectively prevent or counter jihadist radicalization, we need to genuinely recognize and engage with the
pivotal religious framing of this experience for the jihadists, not discount or ignore it.

Speaker Profiles and Presentation Abstracts of
TSAS Junior Academic Affiliates Workshop
Panel 1: Understudied fields in terrorism
1) Josiah Witherspoon Profile

Josiah is an M.A. Candidate specializing in intelligence at the Norman Paterson School of International affairs. His
research interests include, but are not limited to, terrorism, espionage, cybersecurity, and strategy. Most recently,
Josiahs research focused on the rise of low-tech terrorism in western democracies, and the challenges digital identity
may pose to Canadas current anti/counter-terrorist financing regimes and strategies. Josiah possess strong technical
expertise and currently works for a private information-security company on contracts with the government of Canada.
Additionally, Josiah will be conducting strategic policy research for Policy Horizons Canada during the 2017summer
season.
Muna Osman Speaker Profile

Muna is a M.A Candidate specializing in intelligence at the Norman Paterson School of International Affairs. Her research
interests include radicalization, counterterrorism, and shifts in terror groups structures. Munas research has centered
on theorizing the role of intelligence, when states should negotiate with terror groups, and the implications of terror
listings. She previously interned at the Economic and Political Intelligence Centre of Export Development Canada and will
be carrying out two policy research for Policy Horizons Canada in the summer 2017 period. She will also be working as a
policy analyst at the RCMP within their Federal Policing Strategic Policy and External Relations division in the fall.
Witherspoon & Osman Abstract

Kidnapping for Ransom Ideologies, Outcomes and Strategies
Kidnapping for ransom (KFR) entails taking hostages for the purpose of achieving a political objective through concessions,
or the disruption of normal operations. Moreover, it involves holding captive one or more individuals until ransom
demands are met which can range from monetary payments to prisoner exchanges. Cluster mapping the kidnapping for
ransom of Canadian nationals provided us with a timeline of focus- 2001-2017, three areas of interest, and three groups
operating within these areas. In this period, thirteen Canadian nationals were kidnapped for ransom in the Middle East
and North Africa region, Afghanistan, and the Philippines, by al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, the Taliban, or the Abu
Sayyaf Group. Our presentation aims to examine these groups to determine their similarities and differences within the
scope of their ideologies and tactics. Our research indicates that group ideology is significant within the discussion of KFR
as they inform their objectives, and ultimately determine whether a group is committed to its ideology, or has over time
diverged from it. The similarities and differences between the three groups inform the lifecycles of the six case studies we
chose for this project. Thus, enabling us to more accurately characterize these groups as either an ideologically driven
terror organization or a profit driven criminal enterprise. Strategies to respond to KFR are heavily dependent on the
capabilities and ideologies of the perpetrator group. Therefore, our case studies will inform potentially more robust and
tailored options available to the Government of Canada for dealing with future KFR incidents involving the three groups.
2) Nicole Tishler Profile

Nicole is a Ph.D. Candidate at Carleton Universitys Norman Paterson School of International Affairs (NPSIA). She holds
an M.A. in Intelligence and National Security from the same department, and an Hon.B.Soc.Sc. from the University of
Ottawa, where she studied international relations (in French immersion) and modern languages (Spanish). Within the
broader context of international security and conflict, Nicoles research has emphasized terrorists tactical choices. Her
dissertation presents the literatures first focused examination of terrorism hoaxes. It harnesses a wide array of
methodological approaches to delineate the characteristics of hoaxes and their perpetrators; to build a theory of
terrorist groups strategic hoax behaviour; and to determine the degree to which existing data is able to shed light on
the hoax phenomenon. Nicole has published in the areas of terrorists weapons adoption; chemical, biological,
radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) terrorism; crisis communications in Canada funded via Public Safety Canadas Research
Affiliate Program); and intelligence accountability. Her research has received funding support from Canadas Social
Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC; CGS Doctoral and Masters awards); the Province of Ontario (OGS); as
well as the Canadian Network for Research on Terrorism, Security and Society (TSAS), of which she is a junior research
affiliate.
Tishler Abstract
In this presentation, entitled Terrorism Hoaxes: The Canadian Experience, I will provide a brief introduction to the topic
of terrorism hoaxes and the data sources used to document them; present illustrative examples and descriptive
statistics regarding hoaxes in Canada, and how the Canadian experience reflects global trends; and present key findings
from my dissertations case study analysis of the FLQ and its hoax-versus-serious terrorist behaviour. At the most
superficial level, terrorism hoaxes are those incidents that are believed to be acts of serious terrorism, but by virtue of
involving benign materials (hoax devices) or empty threats (hoax warnings) do not actually involve any real risk of harm.
In privileging acts of serious terrorism, not all terrorism events databases document such activity. Accordingly, much of
what is known about hoaxes is particular to ITERATE and the Monterey WMD Database (for transnational and CBRN
incidents, respectively), and the new Canadian Incident Database (CIDB; for incidents in the Canadian context). CIDB
data is particularly helpful for understanding hoax behaviour, since its dedicated search methodology captures many
incidents that are left out of broader, cross-national datasets. The CIDB shows that hoax behaviour follows similar trends
as serious terrorism in Canada. More generally, Canada is considered a typical target of terrorist hoax behaviour: it ranks
at the highest levels in terms of media freedom and policing capacity, both of which are hypothesized to increase the
likelihood that a country will experience hoaxes. The recent terrorism bomb hoax at Concordia University (March 1st,
2017) not only illustrates that Canada is vulnerable to such activity, but it highlights the costs that hoaxes can impose:
lost productivity, due to evacuated educational institutions and places of work; wasted emergency response and law
enforcement resources; and increased societal fear and suspicion. I will use the FLQ to identify the mechanisms by which
group structure (a lack of hierarchy) and overall campaign profile (a large number of serious incidents) lead to a groups
increased likelihood of hoaxing. For instance, are groups who carry out a large number of attacks strategically playing
mixed strategies, combining serious attacks and hoaxes to inflate their tactical profiles and keep the authorities
guessing? Or are they using hoaxes as dry runs to practice or gain tactical intelligence for subsequent serious terrorist
activity? Similarly, are the hoaxes in a leaderless resistance group part of some sort of coherent strategy? Or are they
simply fringe acts carried out by members who have not completely radicalized to violence? I anticipate that nuanced
case analysis will be able to shed light on these questions in ways that my dissertations regression and QCA analysis
could not. While the FLQ is a historic case, trends in hoax activity since 1960 suggest that there is no meaningful
distinction between pre- and post-9/11 hoax behaviour. While the strategic environment may have shifted, the strategic
logics motivating groups tactical choices remain constant.
FOOTNOTES: 2. Arme de Libration du Qubec (ALQ); Armenian Revolutionary Army (ARA); Armenian Secret Army for
the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA); Black September; Direct Action;Front de Libration du Qubec (FLQ); le Front des
Patriotes du Qubec; Peoples Republic of Croatia; Rassemblement pour un Qubec Libre (RQL); White Nationalist
Revolutionary Army; World Islamic Front; Young Cuba Group of Cuban Exiles. The FLQ was responsible for 12 hoaxes,
and the White Nationalist Revolutionary Army and ASALA were each responsible for
3. An additional group, World Islamic Front, was also captured in the population of groups that I began with, but was
excluded from my sample on the grounds that it appears to reflect an Osama bin Laden-led umbrella organization, and
not a particular cell or group for which my group-based structure variables might apply.

3) Michael Shkolnik - Profile
Michael is a Ph.D. Candidate at Carleton Universitys Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, focusing on why
some militant groups escalate their level of violence to a sustained armed conflict . Michael is a senior policy advisor
with the Strategic Foresight unit at the Department of Global Affairs Canada, where he previously served as the Cadieux-
Lger Fellow. In the past, Michael was a research coordinator for the Centre for Security, Intelligence and Defence
Studies (CSIDS) and worked in TSAS The Future(s) of Terrorism project, focusing on terrorist technological adoption and
use of UAVs. He also helped work on the Canadian Incident Database (CIDB). Prior to his doctoral studies, Michael
served as a senior consultant for a Washington D.C. based counterterrorism institute and as the Security and Defence
Officer for United Nations Association in Canada (UNA-Canada), on behalf of a Department of National Defence (DND)
fellowship. While completing a graduate degree in Counter-Terrorism and Homeland Security, Michael worked with two
prestigious national security institutes in Israel: the International Institute for Counter-Terrorism (ICT) and the Institute
for National Security Studies (INSS). Throughout Michaels career, he has been responsible for briefing senior security
officials and policymakers. He speaks Russian, Hebrew, and elementary Arabic.
Shkolnik Abstract
There is a growing threat from militant groups escalating attacks and expanding operations in recent years, challenging
regional and international security (Global Terrorism Index 2016). My research project asks: why are some militant
groups capable of escalating their level of violence to a sustained armed conflict while other similar groups do not? It is
puzzling why some initially weak militant groups, who face immense difficulties in garnering material resources, launch
sustained violent operations and confront far more powerful militaries. Understanding this phenomenon is critical since
groups that are more lethal gain more recruitment, fundraising capabilities, and bargaining power (Hoffman 2006). The
processes and dynamics characterizing the initial stages of insurgency prior to civil war outbreak are poorly understood.
This gap in knowledge is largely due to a selection bias among prominent conflict datasets, which tend to feature the
most prominent militant group participating in full-fledged civil wars and the over-emphasis of qualitative accounts
related to powerful insurgent organizations. Data limitations are inherent when seeking to study militant groups that fall
into the dustbin of history. Yet policymakers and conflict researchers can learn a great deal about armed conflict by
understanding the trajectories of militant groups that emerge under similar conditions, but fail to eventually pose a
serious challenge to the target state. A model inspired by Resource Mobilization Theory will guide this studys focus. A
mixed-methods approach, utilizing large-n quantitative analysis and in-depth qualitative case studies, help address the
puzzle. The first stage builds from existing conflict data sets to test all instances where a militant group escalates
violence to the level of a sustained armed conflict.
The vast majority of militant groups do not survive beyond their first year of existence. Among 254 of the more
prominent militant groups (Kilberg 2012) featured in the Global Terrorism Database (GTD), I have identified that 83
(33%) groups that have escalated their level of violence to a sustained armed conflict (minimum 5 years) with the target
state. This research design will test key hypotheses derived from theory and the literature, focusing on both group-level
and state-level variation. It is far easier for states to prevent a nascent insurrection from developing than defeating a
matured militant organization. This research will contribute to the advancement of knowledge and the findings will help
policymakers better understand how to mitigate the threat from nascent militant organizations.
Panel 2: Radicalization and Violent Extremism
4) Ashlee Babcock Profile

Ashlee completed her undergraduate degree at the University of Guelph with a Bachelor of Arts Honours in Criminal
Justice and Public Policy, and a Minor in Psychology. She is currently a candidate for a Master of International Public
Policy at the Balsillie School of International Affairs in Waterloo, On. Through Ashlees studies at the University of
Guelph and the Balsillie School of International Affairs she has developed a multi-disciplinary approach to studying
terrorism, security and society through the lens of political science, sociology and psychology. During her graduate

studies her research has included radicalization online, preventing radicalization through community involvement and
education and the movement of foreign fighters. As a CIGI Graduate Fellow, she is co-authoring a policy brief to be
presented to Global Affairs Canada and senior policymakers, focusing on countering violent extremism and radicalization
online. Specifically, the purposes and uses of technology and social media for terrorist organizations. In addition to her
(counter)terrorism interests, she has pursued research in drug policy, human trafficking and the behaviour of women in
policing. With extensive cross cultural experience and her studies of international public policy, Ashlee aims to continue
working abroad in the conflict and security sector.

Babcock Abstract:
As younger generations become more reliant and attached to social media, their phones and a constant connection to
the internet the more susceptible they are to radicalization online. I t is youth who are most targeted by terrorist
organizations through online propaganda and recruitment. Echo chambers and filter bubbles are a concern in
cyberspace, as isolated ideologies Are amplified, reinforcing and supporting violent extremist ideologies (Flaxman, Goel
& Rao, 2016). Greenberg (2016) cautions that terrorist organizations may catch youth amongst their angst of late
adolescence, feeding into the anxieties and angers perceived by young people. However, it is not only the online
behaviour of youth that is important in the recruitment and radicalization process, as the nexus between online and
offline behaviour is critical. According to Ducol et al. (2016), the three main trajectories of the internet in radicalization
include the use of the internet to initially trigger further radicalization, the use of the internet to reinforce radicalization
and the use of the internet for purely online radicalization. The radicalization and recruitment of youth online cannot be
understood without knowledge of the individuals social networks and personal history (Von Behr et al., 2013).Social
communities and networks, online and offline, have the capacity to enable or counter violent extremism. With a
perceived sense of security online, radical networks may strengthen the individuals extreme beliefs translating to offline
behaviours. Conversely, offline radicalization and extremist ideologies may be reinforced online. This paper aims to
develop a better understanding of the relationship between online and offline behaviours in the process of youth
radicalization and their involvement with terrorist organizations.
5) Maxime Brub Profile

Maxime Brub is a PhD student in Criminology at Universit de Montral. He is interested in criminology, political
violence and cybersecurity. More specifically, his research interests are focused on terrorism, violent radicalization,
criminal innovation and the deviant use of technology. He is also a Graduate student member of the Smart Cybersecurity
Network (SERENE-RISC). Beforehand, he has made a research internship at the Canada Research Chair on Conflicts and
Terrorism of Universit Laval, and completed a Certificate in Arabic Studies at Universit de Montral. Accordingly, his
current research aims to better understand the persuasive strategies of jihadist propaganda producers, and he also
works on various projects related to Canadian oppositional movements. Previously, he has completed a Masters in
Criminology and a Bachelors in Security and policing studies. His masters thesis was examining the marginal
environment of civilian military simulation in the Province of Quebec.
Brub Abstract:
According to various jihadist discourse, jihadist organizations carry out attacks in several countries of the world.
Furthermore, a large number of Westerners leave their country to join these organizations in different conflict zones. The
global jihadist communications structure has changed from belonging to certain organizations or high-ranking officials and
is now shared among all actors of the movement. Thus, more jihadist propaganda is disseminated on the Internet. This is
an important concern for the security of western populations. Even if we have a decent amount of knowledge on the
diversity of these discourses, we know very little about their relative persuasive strategies. In order to better understand
jihadist mobilization, this study aims to draw a comprehensive picture of the collective action framing of a sample of 14
English-language videos produced in 2016 by three different jihadist organizations in the Middle East. Our analysis of
motivational framing relies on the main pull-factors empirically linked to violent extremism. Therefore, we pay particular
attention to a message aimed essentially at a Western audience, and we analyze both the issues and solutions suggested
by the ideology, as well as their mobilization rhetoric. The results suggest that the groups have real differences between
their strategies and that different pull-factors can be associated with different topics. This contribution to the
understanding of the diversity of the various jihadist discourses is a first step in the development of
prevention/intervention strategies based on significant pull-factors.
Yaqub Ibrahimi Profile
Yaqub is a Ph.D. candidate (ABD) in the Department of Political Science at Carleton University. His research interest
includes terrorism; international security, Islamic radicalization; Islamism; and the emergence of extremist Islamist
groups. He is a SSHRC Doctoral Fellow and my Ph.D. dissertation examines the relationship between state fragility in

Afghanistan and Iraq and the rise of al-aeda and ISIS. Prior to becoming a graduate student, I worked as an investigative
journalist with the Institute for War and Peace Reporting in Afghanistan from 2003 to 2009, covering issues related to
terrorism, war, human rights and democratization.
My selected publications include:
Academic Articles Theory of the Rise of al-Qaeda, Behavioral Science of Terrorism and Political Aggression, 2017
(forthcoming).
Post-Civil War Democratization: Afghanistan.International Journal of Central Asian Studies19, 2015: 1-30.
Selected Op-Ed and Media Articles
Usikkerhed prger Afghanistan forud for NATO-eksperiment/ Uncertainty prevails in Afghanistan ahead of NATO
Experiment. Information. April 5, 2011
Glckwunsch, Taliban!/Congratulations, Taliban.Sueddeutsche Zeitung. July 24, 2010
Tribe Card Key. Institute for War and Peace Reporting.
Afghan Election Updates 2009 Turning Afghan Heroin into Kalashnikovs. Institute for War and Peace Reporting: Afghan
Recovery Report, No. 259. June 30, 2008.
Yaqub Ibrahimi Abstracts

Extremist Islamist Groups, also known as terrorist groups, are primarily inspired by a particular branch of the Islamist
ideology called Salafi-Jihadism (Jones 2014, 2-3). Salafi-Jihadism functions as a sense-making tool for terrorist activities
both at individual and group levels by providing religious justification to terrorist activities. Terrorist organizations use
this ideology in recruiting individuals, providing justification to their violent behavior. The rise of homegrown terrorism
in Western countries, in this sense, is initially inspirited by this sense-making ideology. Almost every
homegrown/domestic terrorist individual who committed an attack or was arrested were inspired by a core terrorist
organization that uses Salafi-Jihadism as its ideology. Therefore, one can claim that there is a direct link between Salafi-
Jihadism and terrorism both at individual and group levels. The causal impact of Salafi-Jihadism on the occurrence
terrorist activities is broadly discussed in the existing international security literature (e.g., Tibi 2012; Juergensmeyer
2006; Roy 2006; Rapaport 2004; Sedgwick 2004). However, the role Salafi-Jihadism on the occurrence of terrorist
activities and radicalization of the youth in Canadian context is rarely examined. Considering the literature gap, my
proposed paper will specifically address two interconnected research questions: How Salafi-Jihadism constructs religious
justification to terrorist behavior? Is there any relationship between Salafi-Jihadism and occurrences of terrorist
activities in Canada, and why? Based on my preliminary research on the relationship between Salafi-Jihadism and the
rise of terrorism, I will hypothesize that the ideological roots of terrorist activities in Canada can be traced in Salafi-
Jihadist ideology. My paper includes four parts: First I will provide a brief genealogy of Salafi-Jihadism discussing its
roots, characteristics, and its causal impact on the rise of core terrorist groups. In doing so, I will conduct a comparative
case study of al-Qaeda and ISIS and the impact of Salafi-
Jihadism on the formation of these groups. Second, I will discuss the reasons Salafi-Jihadism influence individuals in
Western Countries. In this regard, I will use the group influence on individual task performance method (see Paulus
1983) which examines the ways that groups transfer their ideologies at individual level and the reasons that individuals
adopt the ideologies to justify their behavior. In this part, I will draw on the literature on the relationship between core
terrorist groups and homegrown terrorism. Third, I will, specifically, examine the relationship between Salafi-Jihadism
and occurrences of terrorist activities in Canada. More concretely, I will elaborate on the reasons that how individuals in
Canada can be influenced and/or inspired by Salafi-Jihadism in becoming a member of the global jihad. Finally, my
paper will discuss the possible implication of my findings about the relationship between Salafi-Jihadism and the
occurrence of terrorist activities concerning Canadas public safety. Research on the connectivity between Salafi-
Jihadism and Canadas safety will yield new and significant insight, and will add new pieces of evidence and theory to the
existing debate on the relationship between terrorism and national security in Canada.
Panel 3: Counterterrorism
1) Ahmed Kawser Profile
Kawser Ahmed received his PhD in Peace and Conflict Studies from University of Manitoba, Canada. He served in the
United Nations as a peacekeeper and an alumnus of National Defence University (NESA), U.S. Currently he is a research
fellow with the Centre for Defence and Security Studies (CDSS) and a Junior research affiliate with the Canadian Network
for the Study of Terrorism, Security and Society (TSAS). He completed a TSAS funded research project on domestic
terrorism in Canada. His research interest includes: community based terrorism intervention, religion defined
radicalization, inter-group conflict transformation, mediation and peace-building. He lives in Winnipeg, Canada.
Kawser - Abstract
Community Focused Counter Radicalization Initiatives: An Analysis of Project Leaders Experiences,
Perceptions and Lessons Learnt
As in many western countries, radicalism is on the rise in Canada. The last deadly attack that took place in
Quebec City mosque in last January, 2017 bear the testimony of this statement. Because radicalization is more
of a process then an event per se, it is extremely difficult for law enforcement agencies to intervene in right
time and place unless grassroots level citizenry assists in the pre-emption phase. Currently, most counter
radicalism initiatives have two common characteristics: a top-down security centric and an ethno-faith group
focused approaches, which might need to be reassessed. Radicalism leading to violent extremism is relatively
a new term that denotes socio-ideological process that transforms an apparently normal person to an
extremist committed to violent action (i.e. terrorist acts). Given radicalizations wide spectrum and since it is
viewed both as a process as well as a phenomenon, experts maintain that tracking people being radicalized or
have already been radicalized towards violence is nearly impossible since a host of socio-political factors, in
fact, led to violent extremism in the first place. Nevertheless, radicalism and defeating its process remain to be
the core concern in tackling domestic terrorism. Limited research on local community-initiated, bottom up
intervention has been undertaken to explore the prospects and problems of a collaborative approach that
should address both faith and xenophobia driven radicalism. Although, the Canadian national counter-
terrorism (CT) strategy and the lead Canadian CT agency (RCMP) emphasize community level intervention in
their public deliberations; the outcomes of such efforts are seldom assessed. There are two fold problems in
conducting any such assessment: complexity in gathering data from primary research and difficulty in devising
a standard assessment tool due to a diverse array of community focused intervention approaches.
Nevertheless, an essential first step towards developing an assessment strategy might be to map experiences
and perceptions of project leaders who actually run the projects; therefore, we might be able to identify
essential policy gaps in the implementation of national CT strategy. Using social conflict, globalization and
social mobilization theories and a qualitative case-study analytical method, my paper presents perceptions
and experiences of selected community based intervention project leaders in the UK and North America. By
using computer assisted data analysis software (nVivo 10) findings from seven such projects are presented in
this paper. The primary objective here is to underscore the significance of community focused counter-
radicalization initiatives, its problems and prospects viewed through the eyes of actual project leaders. The
analysis also suggests in sharing these lessons with policy makers so that the gap between the top-down and
bottom-up approach in countering radicalization in Canada can be effectively bridged.
2) Aziz Rahman- Profile

Aziz is a PhD student in the Department of Peace and Conflict Studies (PACS) at the University of Manitoba. Mr. Rahman
has completed (in four countries i.e., Bangladesh, Germany, the Philippines, and Canada) an honors degree and three
masters degrees in sociology, regional development planning, and criminology. His professional background includes
research, consulting and community work. Mr. Rahmans multidisciplinary background impels him to explore the
problem of terrorism and its underlying causes, as well as effective intervention strategies from the PACS lens,
incorporating principles of interdependence, nonviolence and social justice. Mr. Rahmans interests are deepening to
view violence from both the human rights and multiculturalism frameworks. Terrorism, radicalization, extremism, and
security issues can be examined from the structural (macro), meso (community, intergroup), and micro (individual)
levels. Mr. Rahmans research into the immigrant experiences will generate more interest in terrorism and security
studies from multidisciplinary contexts.

Rahman Abstract:
The Rhetoric and Practice of Counter-Terrorism in Canada: Vilification, Stigmatization, and
Marginalization of Muslim Communities
Canada is globally known for its multiculturalism facilitated by its diverse immigrant communities. Since the new
millennium, Canadas demographic composition presents a growing Muslim population. According to Statistics Canadas
2011 National Household Survey (NHS),one out of five people is foreign-born or visible minority in Canada. Muslims
represent over 1 million individuals (3.2 percent of the total population), compared to2 percent in the 2001 Census.
Compared to other countries, anti-Muslim narratives and discourses in the public, media and politics have been less
salient. Nonetheless, hate crimes against Muslims have substantially risen since 9/11. A survey reveals that Muslims
represent about 15 percent of all victims of hate crime motivated by religion. Another survey conducted in 2002 by the
Canadian Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR-CAN), found that more than half of the Canadian Muslim
respondents perceived Canadian media to be more biased since the 9/11 attacks. A survey of news articles featuring
Muslims in Canadian mainstream media conducted in 2011 by navigator Research reveals that 59 per cent of those
articles portrayed Muslims negatively. According to Dr. Barbara Perry, a Canadian hate crime scholar, Muslims were
largely invisible before September 2001, although their visibility in the public sphere in terms of clothing, physical
appearance, and mosques has been increasingly exposed since the 1990s.Although Canada has experienced less
terrorism compared to the USA and some other countries, policy makers and researchers have acknowledged this
nations potential vulnerability to terrorism, particularly home-grown terrorism. The Toronto-18 case, the involvement
of Canadians in overseas terrorist plots, the Via Rail plot, the Vancouver bombing, and most recently the Parliament Hill
incident illustrate this. The growing concerns over the risk of terrorism have led the Canadian governments, politicians,
and law enforcement agencies to devise anti-terrorism legislation, various counter-terrorism programs, and surveillance
and screening measures to address the problem especially in the post-9/11 era. This study investigates hate crimes
against those perceived to be Muslims in Canada. Given the anti-Muslim or Islamophobic reaction to the 9/11 attacks,
the national security vulnerability, and the state efforts to counter terrorism, radicalization and extremism as expressed
by the Public Safety Canada, the Canadian Security Intelligence Service, and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)
, this study will examine the rhetoric and practice of counter-terrorism that further vilifies and marginalizes Muslim
communities in Canada. This study will employ several sources of data including surveys, interviews, and focus groups
conducted in Toronto and Ottawa. These sources were used as part of a research project of Dr. Barbara Perry at the
University of Ontario Institute of Technology. The pilot project was conducted in two Ontario cities with large Muslim
populations along with relatively high rates of reported hate crime. Respondent Driven Sampling technique was used for
the surveys of 300 Muslims. Research on both anti-Muslim hate crime and Islamist terrorism is still limited in Canada,
and hence there is a dire need to explore the local context for the undertaking of appropriate evidence-based policy
measures. Since Islamophobia has been rooted in Canada and has grown rapidly in the post-9/11 era, counter-terrorism
strategies must not further entrench Islamophobia, rather they should involve measures to address Islamophobia and
anti-Muslim hate crime. This paper will contribute to the underdeveloped literature on hate crime, and policy
implications from both multiculturalism and human rights frameworks in the Canadian context. It is grounded in the
academic research findings regarding hate violence experiences; reporting of victimization; satisfaction with responses
of authorities; and perceptions about necessary strategies to challenge bias motivated violence against Muslims. With
relevant evidence in hand, both public and private sector organizations can devise initiatives, or services to address anti-
Muslim vilification, marginalization, and stigmatization.
3) Katie Ford Profile

Katie Ford is a PhD student in Sociology at the University of Waterloo, focusing on radicalization and the
governance of violent extremism. Her dissertation research focuses on the governance of violent extremism at
sensitive institutions in Canada and strategies for appropriately balancing security concerns with the need to
preserve freedom of speech. Katies research has received the support of multiple TSAS Studentships; her
initial findings were published as a TSAS working paper entitled Policies and responsibilities for Governing
Violent Extremism at Ontario Universities. Katie has also conducted research as part of teams in the federal
government and the private sector, including co-authoring a primer on radicalization with the Conference
Board of Canada. She has an MA in International Affairs from the Norman Patterson School of International
Affairs and a BA with honours in Psychology from the University of Waterloo.
Ford Abstract
Terrorist attacks involving university students and events promoting extremism on university campuses have
drawn attention to the presence of extreme views on campuses. Indeed, universities have been pinpointed as
places of heightened vulnerability to recruitment toward violent extremism. In response to these concerns, in
2015 the United Kingdom introduced legislation requiring universities to play a role in preventing extremism.
This legislation places a duty on university staff and faculty to prevent and report on extremism, even when
non-violent in nature. Currently, no such legislation exists in Canada. However, links between students and
extremism have begun to raise questions regarding the preparedness of Canadian universities to handle such
situations. This ongoing research begins to answer the question of whether universities and colleges in Canada
are aware of, and prepared to deal with, issues of radicalization on their campuses. Focusing exclusively on
violent extremism, the research examines existing university policies and solicits opinions from university
administrators and student leaders to identify gaps in knowledge regarding violent extremism on campuses,
and the policies and procedures that could be used to reduce it. The goal of this research is to create a set of
recommended best practices for countering radicalization to violent extremism on campuses. This
presentation provides an overview of this project and its initial findings.

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TSAS Summer Academy NPSIA 2017

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 1

12:45-1:45 pm Small Group Exercise What do you think Matters?

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 2

3-3:15 pm Break Refreshments available

3:15-4:30 pm Colonel Francis Paccagnini, Homeland security attach / Embassy of France

Recommended Readings (French):

Tuesday July 18 Responding to the Threat of Terrorism

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 3

Recommended Readings: to come via separate email at later date.

11:45-1 pm Lunch BBQ

1-2:15 pm Steve Nordstrom, RCMP

2:15-2:30 pm Break Refreshments available

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 4

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 6

10:30-11:45 am Ghayda Hassan, Professor Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 8

Abstract - Terrorism in Canada: Victims Perspective

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 9

Craig Forcese, Professor, Law, University of Ottawa

Abstract - Critical Legal Perspectives on National Security

Colonel Francis Paccagnini, Homeland security attach / Embassy of France

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 10

Abstract - Lessons from the Terrorist Attacks in Nice and Paris

Abstract - Roles and Responsibilities for National Security in Canada

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 11

Ruari Nicholson, Deputy Director-General, Counter-terrorism Division, Canadian Security Intelligence

Abstract CSIS and Counter Terrorism

Steve Nordstrom, RCMP to come later

Abstract A Day in the Life of Security Analyst

Speaker Profiles and Abstracts - Wednesday July 18, 2017

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 12

Abstract The Social Ecology of Homegrown Terrorism

Amarnath Amarsingam, Senior Research Fellow, Institute for Strategic Dialogue

Abstract- Western Foreign Fighters in Syria & Iraq

Dr. Barbara Perry, Professor, Faculty of Social Science and Humanities

Abstract Far Right Extremism in Canada

Speaker Profiles and Abstracts - Thursday July 19, 2017

Abstract Countering Violent Extremism in the UK

Ghayda Hassan, Professor, Psychology University of Quebec at Montreal

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 15

Abstract Countering Violent Extremism

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 16

8:45 9 am Welcome & Introduction by Maxime Brub and Lorne Dawson

10:00 10:30 am BREAK

10:30 12:00 pm Panel 1: Understudied fields in terrorism (Moderator M. Brub)

4) Ashlee Babcock, (MA Balsillie School of International Affairs, University of

2:45 4:15 pm Panel 3: Counterterrorism (Moderator Nicole Tishler)

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 18

Lorne Dawson - Profile

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 19

Panel 1: Understudied fields in terrorism

1) Josiah Witherspoon Profile

Muna Osman Speaker Profile

Witherspoon & Osman Abstract

2) Nicole Tishler Profile

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 21

Panel 2: Radicalization and Violent Extremism

4) Ashlee Babcock Profile

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 22

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 23

5) Maxime Brub Profile

TSAS Summer Academy, 2017 24