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17
BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
1. Introduction
Birds Nest or swallows nest is referring to the nest
of swiftlet (Figure 1). It is usually built during the breeding
season by the interwoven strands of solidified salivary of
male swiflets in South East Asia and Southern China.
Traditionally, it has been used to replenish strength and
revitalize energy. According to ancient Chinese literature,
birds nest was shown to have healing effects on
tuberculosis, haematoemesis, chronic diarrhea, chronic
malaria, pulmonary infections 1)2). Besides, birds nest has
been regarded as precious delicacy in Chinese cuisine for
maintenance of general health and radiant youthful looking
skin.
Figure 1. Birds Nest
In Oryza Oil & Fat Chemical Co., Ltd., with ultra-high pressure enzyme processing method, we
produce extract from Birds Nest of highest quality from Thailand which contains intact functional
components. Oryza BIRDS NEST EXTRACT is standardized to contain sialic acid, with known
effect on boosting immunity, improving brain function, and prevention of virus/influenza infections.
Oryza BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-Powder has excellent aqueous solubility and it is suitable to be
used in food and topical applications (Figure 2).
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
Table of Contents
1. Introduction 1
2. BIRDS NEST EXTRACT Functional Components 3
2-1. Sialic Acid 3
2-2. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) 4
3. Functional Effect of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT 5
3-1. Human skin cells proliferation (in vitro) 5
3-2. Wound Healing Effect (in vitro) 6
3-3. Strengthening of skin tight junction (in vitro) 78
3-4. Human Monitor Test
910
ORAL administration of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT capsule
3-5. Human Monitor Test
1112
TOPICAL application of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT
Other Functional Benefits of Birds Nest and active
4. 13
component containing in Birds Nest
4-1. Prevention of Influenza 13
4-2. Improvement on learning ability 13
4-3. Anti-inflammatory 13
4-4. Enhancement on hair growth 13
5. Stability 14
5-1. Heat stability 14
5-2. Long-term stability 14
5-3. Heat stability in aqueous solution 14
5-4. pH stability 14
6. Nutritional Profile 15
7. Safety Profile 15
7-1. Residual Agricultural Chemicals 15
7-2. Acute Toxicity (LD50) 15
7-3. Mutagenicity (AMES test) 15
7-4 Patch test 16
8. Recommended dose 16
9. Applications 16
10. Packing 16
11. Storage 16
12. Expression 17
13. Product Standard 1820
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
Food rich in sialic acid includes milk (sialic acid content 0.2mg/mL), egg yolk (dry weight, sialic
acid content 0.2%), there is about 10% sialic acid content in solubilized enzyme treated Birds Nest 1),
and it is one of the rishest natural food source of sialic acid.
Documented pharmacological effects of sialic acid includes enhance learning ability 4), boost
immunity 5)and prevent influenza infections6.
3
Jangho Lee,Manabu Seno, Sialic acid and its derivatives, Production Research, volume 1,issue
1(1949.10).
4
Morgan BL., Winick M.,Effects of administration of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) on brain NANA
content and behavior. J Nutr. Mar;110(3):416-24(1980).
5
Bagriaik EU., Miller KS., Cell surface sialic acid and the regulation of immune cell interactions: the
neuraminidase effect reconsidered. Glycobiology. Mar;9(3):267-75(1999).
6
Biddle F., Belyavin G., The haemagglutination inhibitor in edible bird-nest: its biological and physical
properties. J Gen Microbiol. Apr;31:31-44 (1963).
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
Figure 6. Comparison on EGF content among different producers of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT
7
Hirata Y., Orth DN. Concentrations of Epidermal Growth Factor, Nerve Growth Factor, and
Submandibular Gland Renin in Male and Female Mouse Tissue and Fluids. Endocrinology,vol.105,
1382-1387 (1979).
8 Tsutsumi O., Tsutsumi A. and Oka T. Epidermal growth factor-like, corneal wound healing substance in mouse
tears. J Clin Invest. Apr;81(4):1067-71(1988).
9
Elson SD., Browne CA. and Thorburn GD. Identification of epidermal growth factor-like activity in
human male reproductive tissues and fluids. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Apr;58(4):589-94(1984).
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
10
Y. C. Kong. et al. Evidence that epidermal growth factor is present in swiftlet's (Collocalia) nest.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B, vol. 87, no. 2, pp. 221226(1987).
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
After
scratch
24 hours
later
11
Niall M., Ryan GB., O'Brien BM. The effect of epidermal growth factor on wound healing in mice.
Aug;33(2):164-9 (1982)
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
12
Niessen CM. Tight junctions/adherens junctions: basic structure and function. J Invest Dermatol.
Nov;127(11):2525-32.(2007)
13
Yamamoto T.et al. Effect of RNA interference of tight junction-related molecules on intercellular
barrier function in cultured human keratinocytes. Arch Dermatol Res. Oct;300(9):517-24.(2008)
14
Furuse M.et al. Claudin-based tight junctions are crucial for the mammalian epidermal barrier: a lesson
from claudin-1-deficient mice. J Cell Biol. Mar 18;156(6):1099-111.(2002)
15
Yuki T.et al.Characterization of tight junctions and their disruption by UVB in human epidermis and
cultured keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol. Mar;131(3):744-52.(2011)
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
Claudin-1
(22kDa)
-actin
(42kDa)
BIRDS NEST EXT-P/PC 0 0.05 0.1 0. 5 (%)
BIRDS
NEST EXT-P/PC
Claudin-4
(25kDa)
-actin
(42kDa)
BIRDS NEST EXT-P/PC 0 0.05 0.1 0. 5 (%)
BIRDS
NEST EXT-P/PC
Figure 12. The effect of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT on the genetic and protein expression of Claudin-1(A) and
Claudin-4(B)
0%
+
BIRDS NEST
EXTRACT-P/PC
0.1 %
0.1% +
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
3-4. Human Monitor Test ORAL administration of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT capsule
The effect of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT on human was tested via ORAL route.
Test protocol:
Test subjects: 5 healthy FEMALES
Dosage: ORAL administration of capsule containing BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-P 70mg (1 capsule per day)
Duration: 1 month
Analysis parameter:
- Trans epidermal water loss
- Skin dryness by CuDerm D-Squame disc.
- Skin elasticity
- Ultrasound imaging on dermal collagen density
Results showed tremendous improvement on skin moisture where transepidermal water loss is
reduced by 30% (Figure 14). Analysis by CuDerm d-Squame disc showed that the white region
which indicative of dryness is significantly reduced (Figure 15), it is suggestive that skin barrier
function is significantly improved after 1 month ORAL intake of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-P.
Besides, Figure 16 showed that skin elasticity improved in 3 out of 5 test subjects after 1 month
ORAL intake of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-P while DermaLab Ultrasound Imaging System
confirmed that dermal collagen score of test subjects increased by 7% (Figure 17).
Measurement site
Cheek
Equipment
Tewameter TM300
(Couage+Khazaka)
Figure 14. The effect of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-P 70mg/day (ORAL) on trans epidermal water loss (TEWL)
Subject1 Subject2
Before
After
Figure 15. The effect of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-P 70mg/day (ORAL) on skin dryness
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
Measurement sitecheek
EquipmentModulus(Yamaki)
Figure 16. The effect of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-P 70mg/day (ORAL) on skin elasticity
30s
Epidermis 40s
After 50s
Dermis
Figure 17. The effect of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-P 70mg/day (ORAL) on dermal collagen density
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
As illustrated in Table 1, there are 2 formulations, formulation 1 is a gel containing BIRDS NEST
EXTRACT-PC 0.5% while formulation 2 is placebo gel. The gel was TOPICALLY applied to the
upper arms, and the heels respectively on a twice daily basis for 1 month. Results showed that skin
elasticity improved 19% in 5 female test subjects and 7% in 5 male test subjects respectively.
Meanwhile, there was no change observed in test subjects using placebo gel (Figure 18).
There was an average of 10% reduction (compared with placebo) in transepidermal water loss in 4
female test subjects after 1 month application of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT containing gel (Figure
19). Furthermore, Figure 20 showed that significant improvement achieved in healing cracked heels
with 1 month TOPICAL application of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT containing gel.
Figure 19. The effect of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT (TOPICAL) on trans epidermal water loss
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
Before
1mth
later
Figure 20. The effect of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT (TOPICAL) on cracked heels
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
4-3. Anti-inflammatory
B. Vimala et al., reported that hydrolysed Birds Nest significantly suppressed the secretion of
TNF- and nitric oxide production while no cytotoxicity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW
264.7 macrophages 16).
16
B. Vimala.et al, Effects of edible bird's nest on tumour necrosis factor-alpha secretion, nitric oxide
production and cell viability of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, Food Agr
Immunol.Vol.23, 4( 2012)
17
Kenji Okajima, Hair-growing effect of a saliva component sialic acid: the molecular mechanism and
possible therapeutic application for alopecia, FRAGRANCE JOURNAL 37(10), 43-47, 2009-10-00
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
5. Stability
5-1. Heat stability
The heat stability of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-P
was studies. As illustrated in side, content of sialic
acid remained stable after continue heating at 120C
for 1 hour. It is highly stable at normal food
processing temperature.
5-4. pH stability
pH stability of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT
was examined by dissolving BIRDS NEST
EXTRACT-P(70 mg/30mL) in distilled water
with different pH, and stored at 4C in darkness
for one week. As illustrated on the right,
bioactive component sialic acid was highly
stable at acidic condition but began to
disintegrate at alkaline condition. The solution
of pH 3 was a little turbidity but the pH
between 4-9 wasn't.
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
6. Nutritional Profile
BIRDS NEST
Description Analysis Method
EXTRACT-P/100g
Energy 374 kcal/100 g Refer note 1
Water 4.6 g/100 g Heat drying at atmospheric pressure
Protein 8.2 g/100 g Combustion method
Fat 0.1 g/100 g Acid degradation
Sugar 84.2 g/100 g Refer note 2
Food Fiber 2.1 g/100 g Proskys method
Ash 0.9 g/100 g Direct incineration
Sodium 221 mg/100 g Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
The nutritional information of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT was analyzed according to the standard
in nutrition labeling (April 26, 1999; No 13 Eishin)
Note 1: Energy conversion factor: Protein 4, fat 9, sugar 4; dietary fiber 2
Note 2: Calculation: 100-(water + protein + fat + ash)
Test trustee: SUNATECH / Date of analysis: March 27, 2013 / Test No.: 130313166-001-01
7. Safety Profile
7-1. Residual Agricultural Chemicals
BIRDS NEST EXTRACT (for excipient, additive-free product) was analyzed for 534 items of
residual agricultural chemicals stipulated under the Food Sanitation Act (by Ministry of Health,
Labour and Welfare). Results indicated that BIRDS NEST EXTRACT conforms to the stipulated
standard.
Test Trustee: Masis Co., Ltd.; Center for Food Safety Evaluation and Analysis
Date: March 29, 2013
Test No: 61488
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
and women (8 men, 12 women) aged between 20 to 60. A patch test was applied to each subject in
their back (para vertebral part) for 24 hours then skin irritation was observed. Skin irritation index of
BIRDS NEST EXTRACT PC was considered as very good.
8. Recommended dose
The recommended daily dose of BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-P: 70mg/day
The Recommended dose for TOPICAL application :
BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-PC: 0.1 0.5%
BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-LC: 4 20%
9. Applications
Uses Claims Examples
Wound healing, skin beautifying,
strengthening of epidermal tight Beverages (soft drinks etc),
junctions, prevention of influenza, hard and soft capsules, tablets,
Foods
promote skin elasticity, anti-aging, candies, chewing gum,
improve learning ability, prevent cookies, chocolate wafers, jelly, etc.
thinning of hair
Wound healing, skin beautifying,
Sunscreen, toner, lotion, body gel,
strengthening of epidermal tight
Cosmetics shampoo, conditioner and bath
junctions, improve skin elasticity,
salts, etc.
anti-aging, prevent thinning of hair
10. Packaging
BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-P (water soluble powder, food grade)
BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-PC (water soluble powder, cosmetic grade)
1kg, 5kg Interior Packaging: Aluminium bag
Exterior Packaging: Cardboard box
11. Storage
Store in cool, dry and dark place. Avoid places with high humidity and direct heat
12. Expression
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
{Food}
BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-P
Expression: BIRDS NEST EXTRACT and starch degradation product/ DEXTRIN
{Cosmetics}
BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-PC
INCI: DEXTRIN (and) HYDROLYZED SWIFTLET NEST EXTRACT
BIRDS NEST EXTRACT-LC
INCI: WATER (and) PROPANEDIOL (and) HYDROLYZED SWIFTLET NEST EXTRACT
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.1 SO
PRODUCT STANDARD
This product is enzymatically extracted from the nest of swiftlet (Collocaliini tribe) unde
r high pressure condition. It guarantees minimum 1.5% Sialic acid.
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.0 ST
PRODUCT STANDARD
This product is enzymatically extracted from the nest of swiftlet (Collocaliini tribe) under high
pressure condition. It guarantees minimum 1.5% Sialic acid.
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.0 ST
PRODUCT STANDARD
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BIRD'S NEST EXTRACT ver.1.0 ST
ST
ORYZA OIL & FAT CHEMICAL CO., LTD. striving for the development of the new
functional food materials to promote health and general well-being.
From product planning to OEM - For any additional information or assistance, please
contact
Headquarters:
ORYZA OIL & FAT CHEMICAL CO., LTD.
No.1, Numata Kitagata-cho, Ichinomiya-city,Aichi-pref.,
493-8001 JAPAN
TEL : +81 (0) 586 86 5141
FAX : +81 (0) 586 86 6191
URL/http : //www.oryza.co.jp/
E-mail : info@oryza.co.jp
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