Test Bank for Introduction to Industrial and The two World Wars contributed greatly to the growth

Organizational Psychology 6th Edition by Riggio of I/O psychology, particularly in the area of employee
testing.
Some I/O psychologists are involved in helping
employees to deal more effectively with stress on the 1. True
job. 2. False

1. True In the early 2000's, there will be a serious shortage of

2. False individuals who are truly qualified for entry-level
management positions
I/O psychology has two objectives: to conduct
research and to train other psychologists. 1. True
2. False
1. True
2. False By the year 2010, white males will be in the minority
in the US workforce
Time-and-motion studies are part of the procedures
known as the human relations movement. 1. True
2. False
1. True
2. False While diversity in the workforce has benefits,
demographic and cultural differences can increase
Taylor believed that there must be a match between work team conflict, inhibit team cooperation, and harm
the worker's skills and abilities and the type of work performance
he or she performs.
1. True
1. True 2. False
2. False
Test Bank for Introduction to Industrial and
Time-and-motion studies may be most useful for Organizational Psychology 6th Edition by Riggio
examining simple jobs involving manual labor or
repetitive action. Some I/O psychologists are involved in helping
employees to deal more effectively with stress on the
1. True job.
2. False
1. True
The Great Depression of the 1930s led to increased 2. False
opportunities for industrial/organizational
psychologists. I/O psychology has two objectives: to conduct
research and to train other psychologists.
1. True
2. False 1. True
2. False
The Hawthorne studies were conducted in
laboratories at Harvard University in the mid-1920s. Time-and-motion studies are part of the procedures
known as the human relations movement.
1. True
2. False 1. True
2. False
One principle of the human relations movement is that
social factors will sometimes outweigh the effects of Taylor believed that there must be a match between
monetary incentives in motivating workers. the worker's skills and abilities and the type of work
he or she performs.
1. True
2. False 1. True
2. False
Time-and-motion studies may be most useful for Test Bank for Introduction to Industrial and
examining simple jobs involving manual labor or Organizational Psychology 6th Edition by Riggio
repetitive action.
Industrial/organizational psychology is defined as
1. True
2. False 1. a. the study of work in industry.
2. b. the study of human behavior in work
The Great Depression of the 1930s led to increased settings.
opportunities for industrial/organizational 3. c. a combination of management principles
psychologists. and work efficiency methods.
4. d. the process of analyzing communication
1. True between managers and subordinates.
2. False
The two objectives of I/O psychology are
The Hawthorne studies were conducted in
laboratories at Harvard University in the mid-1920s. 1. a. conducting research and applying
research knowledge to improving work
1. True behavior.
2. False 2. b. conducting research and establishing
general laws of work behavior.
3. c. conducting research and training other
One principle of the human relations movement is that psychologists.
social factors will sometimes outweigh the effects of 4. d. training other psychologists and designing
monetary incentives in motivating workers. organizational structures.

1. True The scientific objective of I/O psychology involves

2. False
1. a. applying psychological principles to
The two World Wars contributed greatly to the growth observing work behavior.
of I/O psychology, particularly in the area of employee 2. b. applying research results in attempts to
testing. improve work behavior.
3. c. the study and understanding of all
1. True aspects of behavior at work.
2. False 4. d. the discovery of general laws of human
behavior.
In the early 2000's, there will be a serious shortage of
individuals who are truly qualified for entry-level The applied objective of I/O psychology involves
management positions
1. a. examining and describing human work
1. True behavior.
2. False 2. b. the application of psychological
principles to work behavior.
By the year 2010, white males will be in the minority 3. c. the discovery of general laws of human
in the US workforce behavior.
4. d. conducting research and publishing it in
scientific journals.
1. True
2. False
The engineer who is credited with stimulating the
beginning of the field that would develop into I/O
While diversity in the workforce has benefits, psychology is
demographic and cultural differences can increase
work team conflict, inhibit team cooperation, and harm
performance 1. a. Hugo Munsterberg.
2. b. Walter Dill Scott.
3. c. Frederick W. Taylor.
1. True 4. d. Elton Mayo.
2. False
An efficiency expert is studying jobs carefully, making
detailed assessments of how long it takes workers to
perform tasks. In all likelihood, the expert is using the
scientific management method of
1. a. ergonomics.
2. b. time-and-motion studies.
3. c. scientist-practitioner model.
4. d. job specialization.
Suppose that a manager wants to increase the output
of a staff of word processors/typists.Which of the
following strategies would be consistent with the
principles of scientific management?
1. a. Giving the typists pep talks every morning
2. b. Instituting an Employee of the Month
program
3. c. Firing the least productive typists and
hiring new ones
4. d. Designing work stations that increase
the efficiency with which workers can
perform their jobs
One reason that scientific management is no longer
as applicable in the work place as it was at one time
is that
1. a. the standard of living has increased over
the years.
2. b. the theory is too broad to apply today.
3. c. jobs today are more complex than they
used to be.
4. d. the principles do not apply to international
businesses.
A major contribution to the development of I/O
psychology that occurred during the World War I
years was
1. a. development of the atomic bomb.
2. b. the creation of the Army Alpha and
Beta intelligence tests.
3. c. an increased focus on ergonomic design
of war equipment.
4. d. an increased focus on the psychological
experiences of soldiers.
In the famous Hawthorne studies, workers became
more productive because
1. a. they knew they were being observed.
2. b. the lighting was increased.
3. c. they were given longer rest breaks.
4. d. they thought they would eventually be
rewarded.
A main proposition of the human relations movement
is
1. a. workers are motivated solely by money.
2. b. achievement motivation is important in
determining worker morale.
3. c. workers in high-level positions are unlikely
to be satisfied with their jobs.
4. d. good interpersonal relationships
among coworkers will lead to increased
productivity.
According to Mayo, which workers are most likely to
turn to the social environment of the work setting for
motivation?
1. a. Workers who are highly satisfied with the
work itself.
2. b. Workers in high-level management
positions.
3. c. Workers in repetitive or low-level
positions.
4. d. All workers are equally likely to seek
motivation in social relationships on the job.
World War II contributed greatly to the growth of I/O
psychology through
1. a. the need for state-of-the-art machinery.
2. b. the death of many soldiers leading to
dramatic shrinking of the workforce.
3. c. the development of espionage devices.
4. d. an increased focus on mental illnesses
produced by warfare.
A major event in the "modern era" of I/O psychology
(1960s-1990s) that had a major impact on
employment decisions was
1. a. the emergence of personality testing.
2. b. the human relations movement.
3. c. the cognitive explosion.
4. d. civil rights legislation.
Which of the following is NOT a major trend that is
influencing the course of I/O psychology?
1. a. Increasing diversity of the workforce
2. b. Increase in the worlds population
3. c. The changing nature of work
4. d. Expanding focus on human resources
Which of the following recent strategies/trends is most
consistent with Elton Mayos thinking and the
principles of the Human Relations movement?
1. a. The trend toward virtual work groups that
interact electronically.
2. b. The expanding focus on human
resources.
3. c. The downsizing trend that makes for a
smaller company workforce.
4. d. The increasing diversity of workers.
Which of the following is NOT a typical reason for
organizational downsizing?
1. a. Technological advancements eliminate
jobs for people
2. b. Reductions in the number of middle-level
managers
3. c. Decreasing globalization of business
4. d. Fewer workers are required to do more
work than before
Which of the following is an outcome associated with Taylor believed that there must be a match between
organizational downsizing? the worker's skills and abilities and the type of work
1. a. Workers who remain become more loyal he or she performs.
to the organization. 1. True
2. b. There is a decrease in line workers, but an 2. False
increase in management.
3. c. Remaining workers are more motivated Time-and-motion studies may be most useful for
because they fear also losing their jobs. examining simple jobs involving manual labor or
4. d. The organization is usually more repetitive action.
efficient and more competitive. 1. True
2. False
The major reason that organizations will need to give
greater and greater attention to human resources in The Great Depression of the 1930s led to increased
the future is opportunities for industrial/organizational
1. a. employees do not want to work as hard as psychologists.
they once did. 1. True
2. b. fewer people are going to college. 2. False
3. c. there is a dwindling supply of truly
skilled workers.
4. d. employers are relying less on employee The Hawthorne studies were conducted in
selection. laboratories at Harvard University in the mid-1920s.
1. True
2. False
By the year 2010, white males will constitute
__________ of the US workforce.
1. a. less than half One principle of the human relations movement is that
2. b. more than 80% social factors will sometimes outweigh the effects of
3. c. less than 20% monetary incentives in motivating workers.
4. d. exactly half 1. True
2. False
An obvious advantage of increased workforce
diversity is The two World Wars contributed greatly to the growth
of I/O psychology, particularly in the area of employee
testing.
Research indicates that companies that value 1. True
workplace diversity 2. False
1. a. have higher levels of organizational
conflict.
2. b. attract the most qualified workers. In the early 2000's, there will be a serious shortage of
3. c. are less innovative than other companies. individuals who are truly qualified for entry-level
4. d. have organizational cultures that are very management positions
similar to those of less diverse companies. 1. True
2. False
Test Bank for Introduction to Industrial and
Organizational Psychology 6th Edition by Riggio By the year 2010, white males will be in the minority
in the US workforce
Some I/O psychologists are involved in helping
employees to deal more effectively with stress on the 1. True
job. 2. False
1. True
2. False While diversity in the workforce has benefits,
demographic and cultural differences can increase
I/O psychology has two objectives: to conduct work team conflict, inhibit team cooperation, and harm
research and to train other psychologists. performance
1. True
2. False 1. True
Time-and-motion studies are part of the procedures 2. False
known as the human relations movement.
1. True
2. False