I P v 4 & I P v 6 I N T E R N E T T O P O L O G Y M A P J A N U A RY 2 0 0 8

AS-level INTERNET GRAPH

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0
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Dates
Number of Number of Number of Number of
IP address IP links ASes ASlinks
This visualization represents macroscopic snapshots of the IPv4
and IPv6Internet topologies observed during the first week of
3 continents. They used the scamper command-line tool to
probe 2,358 IPv6 destinations spread across 822 prefixes or 81%
radius =1- log ( outdegree(AS) + 1
maximum.outdegree + 1 ) Envoy's Netacuity (R) mapped to a single geographic location in
January 2008. We calculated the AS angle coordinate from the
IPv4
IPv6
Jan. 2nd-17th, 2008
Jan. 1st-8th, 2008
4,853,991
4,752
5,682,419
17,036
17,791
489
50,333
1,904
January 2008.It simultaneously illustrates the peering richness
of each topology and the worldwide distribution of nodes in
of the prefixes seen by RIPE NCC on 1 January 2008. angle = ( longitude of the AS’s BGP prefixes
in netacq ) weighted average (by number of IP addresses in each mapped
prefix) of the longitude coordinates of these prefixes.
each routing system. We aggregated these network views to construct IPv4 and IPv6
A N A LY S I S T E A M . Bradley Huffaker . kc claffy C O O P E R AT I V E A S S O C I AT I O N F O R I N T E R N E T D ATA A N A LY S I S Internet graphs at the Autonomous System (AS) level. Each AS The outdegree of an AS node is the number of next-hop ASes The IPv6 graph with 486 ASes remains much smaller than the
S O F T WA R E D E V E LO P M E N T Young Hyun . Matthew Luckie San Diego Supercomputer Center . University of California, San Diego
POSTER DESIGN Jennifer Hsu 500 Gilman Drive, mc0505 . La Jolla, CA 92093-0505 . 858-534-5000 . http://www.caida.org/ The IPv4 data was collected between January 2nd and 17th approximately corresponds to an Internet Service Provider (ISP). that were observed accepting our probe traffic from this AS. The IPv4 graph with 18,753 ASes. While the IPv4 graph's central core
2008 by 13 CAIDA archipelago monitors located in 13 different We map each IP address to the AS responsible for routing traffic link color reflects outdegree, from lowest (blue) to highest is still dominated by American ASes, the IPv6 graph center is
A R K H O S T S . AARNet . APAN . ARIN . ASTI Institute . CANET . CENIC . CNRST . ELTENET . FunkFeuer . HEANet . Iowa State University . KREONet2 .
cities, 11 countries, and 3continents. The monitors probed paths to it, i.e., to the origin (end-of-path) AS for the IP prefix (yellow). Toward the center of the graph we have manually more balanced between America and Europe. A European ISP
Purdue University . RNP . TKK . Universitat Leipzig . Universitat Politecnica . University of Cambridge . University of Hawaii . University of Waikato
toward 48M /24 networks spread across 95% of the prefixes representing the best match of this address in BGP routing labeled some of the higher degree ASes with their associated Tiscali (3257) has replaced the previously highest ranking AS,
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS F O R I P v 6 . APNIC . AfriNIC . Alexander Gall . Andreas Johansson . Antonio Prado . Antonio Querubin . ARIN . Azael
Fernandez Alcantara . Bernhard Schmidt . Brad Dreisbach . Brian Fitzgerald . CAIDA . Chris Morrow . Derek Morr . Gabriel Kerneis . Geoff Huston .
seen in Route Views Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) routing tables. For the IPv4 graph we used the BGP IPv4 routing table ISPs. NTT (2914), since our last IPv6 Internet AS core graph in 2005.
Gert Doering . ISC . IIjitsch van Beijnum . Jean-Philippe Pick . John Kristoff . John Osmon . Kenjiro Cho . Kurt Jaeger . LACNIC . Martin Millnert . tables on 1 January 2008. collected by Route Views. For the IPv6 graph we used the IPv6 Although NTT is a Japanese telecommunication company, the
Mathieu Arnold . RIPE NCC . Nuno Vieira . Ollivier Robert . Sebastian Abt . Shane Kerr routing table collected by RIPE NCC. To determine the longitude of ASes, we used the IPv4 BGP table address space it uses for AS 2914 comes from the American
Copyright (c) 2008 UCRegents http://www.caida.org/research/topology/as_core_network/ The IPv6 data was collected between January 1st and 8th 2008 from Route Views and mapped each AS to its set of announced company Verio, which NTT purchased in 2000. The fact that the
All rights reserved. by volunteers responding to a request sent to the North The position of each AS node is plotted in polar coordinates, IPv4 prefixes. (IPv4 tables are currently much larger, facilitating largest AS in the IPv6 graph is European and that the other
American Network Operators' Group (NANOG) mailing list. position (radius, angle) calculated using the following more accurate inference of geographic coverage of an AS.) We European ASes are comparable in degree to the American ASes
ARIN digital There were 56 contributors, in 53 different cities, 9 countries, and equations: subdivided prefixes into the smallest prefixes that Digital reflects the wider adoption of IPv6 outside the United States.
PROJECT
American Registry for Internet Numbers envoy
w w w. c a i d a . o r g