CH13

1) The four kinds of structural organizational change enabled by IT, in order from least to most
risky, are:
1. A) rationalization, automation, reengineering, and redesigning.
2. B) rationalization, automation, reengineering, and paradigm shift.
3. C) automation, rationalization, redesigning, and paradigm shift.
4. D) automation, redesigning, restructuring, and paradigm shift.
5. E) paradigm shift, reengineering, rationalization, and automation.
Answer: C

2) In automation:
1. A) more manual steps are required.
2. B) business processes are reorganized to cut waste and eliminate repetitive, paper-
intensive tasks.
3. C) the nature of the business is rethought.
4. D) employees are enabled to perform their tasks more efficiently.
5. E) business processes are added.
Answer: D

3) Which of the following is more powerful that rationalization of procedures?

1. A) Business process redesign
2. B) TQM
3. C) Automation
4. D) Six sigma
5. E) Systems analysis and design
Answer: A

4) A bank has reworked its mortgage application process so that several steps are handled by
computer software, and some steps are combined to reduce bottlenecks in processing. The
goal is to gradually improve its efficiency over time. This is an example of:
1. A) automation.
2. B) rationalization of procedures.
3. C) paradigm shift.
4. D) TQM.
5. E) six sigma.
Answer: B

5) An upscale organic foods grocery chain is implementing an information system that will
enable it to add same-day home delivery of groceries to its customers. This is an example of:
1. A) automation.
2. B) rationalization of procedures.
3. C) paradigm shift.
4. D) business process redesign.
5. E) organizational change.
Answer: C
6) The idea that the achievement of quality control is an end in itself describes a main concept
of:
1. A) BPM.
2. B) BPR.
3. C) six sigma.
4. D) TQM.
5. E) systems analysis and design.
Answer: D

7) ________ provide(s) a methodology and tools for dealing with the organization's ongoing
need to revise and optimize its numerous business processes.
1. A) Business process redesign
2. B) Business process management
3. C) CASE tools
4. D) TQM
5. E) Systems analysis and design
Answer: B

8) In order, what are the first three steps in BPM?

1. A) 1. identifying processes for change, 2. analyzing existing processes, 3. designing the
new process.
2. B) 1. analyzing existing processes, 2. identifying processes for change, 3. designing the
new process.
3. C) 1. identifying processes for change, 2. designing the new process, 3. implementing
the new process.
4. D) 1. analyzing processes to change, 2. designing the new process, 3. measuring the
optimized process.
5. E) 1. designing new processes, 2. analyzing existing processes, 3. identifying processes
for change.
Answer: A

9) What is the greatest barrier to successful business process change?

1. A) Ineffective project management
2. B) Usability of implemented solution
3. C) Selecting the correct process to change
4. D) Organizational change
5. E) Poor choice of technology
Answer: D

10) Possible functions of BPM tools include all of the following except:
1. A) integrating existing systems to support business processes' improvements.
2. B) automating business processes.
3. C) identifying and document business processes.
4. D) testing the security of business processes.
5. E) designing new processes.
Answer: D
11) BPM software provides tools that help business do all of the following except:
1. A) identify and document processes requiring improvement
2. B) create models of improved processes
3. C) capture and enforce business rules for performing processes
4. D) capture and identify information system requirements for a new system
5. E) integrate existing systems to support new or redesigned processes
Answer: D

12) End user development:

1. A) allows end users to create highly complex information systems.
2. B) increases the time and steps required to produce a finished application when
compared to professional development.
3. C) allows ends users to develop simple information systems.
4. D) requires more time to develop systems.
5. E) requires formal assistance from technical specialists.
Answer: C

13) A(n) ________ is an organizational change that involves rethinking the nature of the
business and the nature of the organization itself.
1. A) automation program
2. B) rationalization program
3. C) systems analysis
4. D) paradigm shift
5. E) business process redesign program
Answer: D

14) The most common form of IT-enabled organizational change is automation.

Answer: TRUE

15) Rationalization of procedures describes a radical rethinking of the business models.

Answer: FALSE

16) Organizations will adjust to new information systems without any special efforts if the
system is a good system to begin with.
Answer: FALSE

17) Six sigma describes the measurement of quality as 3.4 defects per million.
Answer: TRUE

20) Which conversion process introduces the system first to a limited portion of the
organization?
1. A) Pilot study strategy
2. B) Phased approach strategy
3. C) Limited cutover strategy
4. D) Parallel strategy
5. E) Parallel approach strategy
Answer: A
21) Which process develops a detailed description of the functions that a new information
system must perform?
1. A) Feasibility study
2. B) Requirements analysis
3. C) Systems design
4. D) Test plan development
5. E) Management plan
Answer: B

22) Systems design:

1. A) determines whether a solution is feasible from a financial and organizational
standpoint.
2. B) shows how the new system will fulfill the information requirements.
3. C) identifies which users need what information, where, when and how.
4. D) is concerned with the logical view of the system solution.
5. E) .translates system specifications into software program code.
Answer: B

23) Transferring data from a legacy system to the new system would be defined by which
category of system design specifications?
1. A) Input
2. B) Database
3. C) Manual procedures
4. D) Conversion
5. E) Implementation
Answer: D

24) Unit testing:

1. A) includes all the preparations for the series of tests to be performed on the system.
2. B) tests the functioning of the system as a whole in order to determine if discrete
modules will function together as planned.
3. C) involves testing the entire system with real-world data.
4. D) provides the final certification that the system is ready to be used in a production
setting.
5. E) tests each program separately.
Answer: E

25) System testing:

1. A) includes all the preparations for the series of tests to be performed on the system.
2. B) tests the functioning of the system as a whole in order to determine if discrete
modules will function together as planned.
3. C) tests each program separately.
4. D) provides the final certification that the system is ready to be used in a production
setting.
5. E) tests the information requirements of a system.
Answer: B
26) Acceptance testing:
1. A) includes all the preparations for the series of tests to be performed on the system.
2. B) tests the functioning of the system as a whole.
3. C) tests each program separately in the system.
4. D) provides the final certification that the system is ready to be used in a production
setting.
5. E) tests the conversion of legacy data to the new system.
Answer: D

27) In a parallel conversion strategy, the new system:

1. A) is tested by an outsourced company.
2. B) replaces the old one on an appointed day.
3. C) and the old are run in parallel.
4. D) is introduced only to a limited area first.
5. E) is slowly converted from the old system.
Answer: C

28) In the direct cutover conversion strategy, the new system:

1. A) is tested by an outsourced company.
2. B) replaces the old one at on an appointed day.
3. C) and the old are run together.
4. D) is introduced in stages.
5. E) the old and new systems are run in parallel.
Answer: B

29) Changes in hardware, software, documentation, or production to a production system to

correct errors, meet new requirements, or improve processing efficiencies are termed:
1. A) acceptance.
2. B) production.
3. C) maintenance.
4. D) post-implementation
5. E) implementation.
Answer: C

30) In what stage of systems development are design specifications created?

1. A) Systems analysis
2. B) Systems design
3. C) Testing
4. D) Conversion
5. E) Implementation
Answer: B
31) A systems analysis includes a(n) ________ that is used to determine whether the solution is
achievable, from a financial, technical, and organizational standpoint.
1. A) feasibility study
2. B) data flow diagram
3. C) logical design
4. D) systems design document
5. E) request for proposal
Answer: A
32) ________ provide(s) a detailed statement of the information needs that a new system must
satisfy; identifies who needs what information, and when, where, and how the information is
needed.
1. A) Systems analysis and design documents
2. B) Information requirements
3. C) A data flow diagram
4. D) A feasibility study
5. E) Requests for proposal
Answer: B

33) A(n) ________ is the model or blueprint for an information system solution and consists of
all the specifications that will deliver the functions identified during systems analysis.
1. A) feasibility study
2. B) data flow diagram
3. C) systems design document
4. D) information requirements document
5. E) request for proposal
Answer: C

34) During the ________ stage of system development, system specifications that were
prepared during the design stage are translated into software code.
1. A) programming
2. B) systems analysis and design
3. C) implementation
4. D) conversion
5. E) acceptance testing
Answer: A

35) ________ is the process of changing from the old system to the new system.
1. A) Implementation
2. B) Conversion
3. C) Systems analysis and design
4. D) Programming
5. E) End user involvement
Answer: B

36) Information systems can only have one possible design.

Answer: FALSE

37) Documentation reveals how well a system works from both a technical standpoint, but not
an end-user standpoint.
Answer: FALSE

42) The entire system-building effort is driven by:

1. A) six sigma.
2. B) feasibility studies.
3. C) documentation
4. D) user information requirements.
5. E) available information technology.
Answer: D
43) The primary tool for representing a system's component processes and the flow of data
between them is the:
1. A) data dictionary.
2. B) process specifications diagram.
3. C) structure chart
4. D) data flow diagram.
5. E) object-oriented chart
Answer: D

44) An entire information system is broken down into its subsystems by using:
1. A) high-level data flow diagrams.
2. B) low-level data flow diagrams.
3. C) process specifications.
4. D) structured diagrams.
5. E) logical design diagrams.
Answer: A

45) To understand and define the contents of data flows and data stores, system builders use:
1. A) a data dictionary.
2. B) process specifications diagrams.
3. C) user documentation.
4. D) data flow diagrams.
5. E) systems analysis.
Answer: A

46) To show each level of a system's design, its relationship to other levels, and its place in the
overall design structure, structured methodologies use:
1. A) structure charts.
2. B) Gantt and PERT charts.
3. C) process specifications.
4. D) data flow diagrams.
5. E) user documentation.
Answer: A

47) In object-oriented development:

1. A) the class is used as the basic unit of systems analysis and design.
2. B) an object is a collection of data that is acted on by external processes.
3. C) processing logic resides within objects.
4. D) a strict, step-by-step development process is essential.
5. E) data and processes are separated.
Answer: C

48) In an object-oriented development framework for a university, how would the classes
Degree, Mathematics, and Physics be related?
1. A) Degree would be a sister class to Mathematics and Physics.
2. B) Degree is a superclass to Mathematics and Physics.
3. C) Mathematics and Physics would be ancestors to Degree.
4. D) Degree would be a subclass to Mathematics and Physics.
5. E) Math, Physics and Degree are sister classes.
Answer: B
49) Object-oriented modeling is based on the concepts of:
1. A) class and inheritance.
2. B) classes and objects.
3. C) objects and relationships.
4. D) objects and inheritance.
5. E) classes and relationships.
Answer: A

50) Object-oriented development could potentially reduce the time and cost of writing software
because:
1. A) object-oriented programming requires less training.
2. B) iterative prototyping is not required.
3. C) objects are reusable.
4. D) a single user interface object can be used for the entire application.
5. E) it's not necessary to use a formal methodology to design a system.
Answer: C

51) Which of the following statements about CASE is not true?

1. A) CASE provides hardware and software tools.
2. B) To be used effectively, CASE tools require organizational discipline.
3. C) CASE tools can improve communication between users and technical specialists.
4. D) CASE tools support iterative design.
5. E) CASE tools facilitate the creation of clear documentation.
Answer: A

52) A native mobile app is:

1. A) a mobile website.
2. B) a mobile web app.
3. C) a stand-alone application that does not use a browser.
4. D) a responsive mobile app.
5. E) one that can only operate on selected devices.
Answer: C

53) ________ describe the transformation occurring within the lowest level of the data flow
diagrams.
1. A) Design requirements
2. B) Information requirements
3. C) Technology design plans
4. D) object-oriented frameworks
5. E) Process specifications
Answer: E

54) Organizational software packages often include ________ features that allow the software
to be modified to meet organizational requirements.
1. A) automation
2. B) object oriented
3. C) programming
4. D) design
5. E) customization
Answer: E
55) A data flow diagram offers a logical and graphical model of information flow, partitioning a
system into modules that show manageable levels of detail.
Answer: TRUE

56) A structure chart is a top-down chart, showing each level of design, its relationship to other
levels, and its place in the overall design structure.
Answer: TRUE

57) Objects are grouped into hierarchies, and hierarchies into classes.
Answer: FALSE

58) Traditional structured development is more incremental than object-oriented development.

Answer: FALSE

59) CASE tools facilitate the creation of clear documentation and the coordination of team
development efforts.
Answer: TRUE

61) The oldest method for building information systems is:

1. A) component-based development.
2. B) prototyping.
3. C) object-oriented development.
4. D) the systems development lifecycle.
5. E)computer-aided software engineering
Answer: D

62) In the traditional systems development lifecycle, end users:

1. A) are important and ongoing members of the team from the original analysis phase
through maintenance.
2. B) are important only in the testing phases.
3. C) have no input.
4. D) are limited to providing information requirements and reviewing the technical staff's
work.
5. E) control the development of the system.
Answer: D

63) In which type of systems building are the development stages organized so that tasks in one
stage are completed before the tasks in the next stage begin?
1. A) Traditional
2. B) Prototyping
3. C) RAD
4. D) JAD
5. E) Object oriented development
Answer: A
64) You are an IT project manager for an advertising firm. The firm wishes to create an online
tool that will be used to survey focus group reactions to products in development. The most
important consideration for the firm is being able to offer the tool as soon as possible as a new
corporate service. However, you know that many of the senior managers that are business
owners of this project have difficulty in understanding technical or software development issues,
and are likely to change their requirements during the course of development. What
development method would be most successful for this project?
1. A) RAD
2. B) JAD
3. C) End-user development
4. D) Prototyping
5. E) Traditional
Answer: D

65) A systems building approach in which the system is developed as successive versions,
each version reflecting requirements more accurately, is described to be:
1. A) end-user oriented.
2. B) prototyped.
3. C) object-oriented.
4. D) agile.
5. E) iterative.
Answer: E

66) Which of the following may occur when systems are created rapidly, without a formal
development methodology?
1. A) End users can take over the work of IT specialists.
2. B) The organization quickly outgrows the new system.
3. C) Hardware, software, and quality standards are less important.
4. D) Testing and documentation may be inadequate.
5. E) IT specialists dominate the design of the system.
Answer: D

67) What is the primary driving factor for firms in selecting domestic outsourcing firms to build
system solutions?
1. A) To take advantage of technical skills the firm does not have
2. B) To save labor costs
3. C) To avoid change management issues
4. D) To reduce the cost of hardware
5. E) To avoid offshore outsourcing
Answer: A

68) A software package evaluation process is often based on a series of questions sent to
vendors, called a(n):
1. A) systems design document.
2. B) strategic planning document.
3. C) information systems management plan.
4. D) request for proposal.
5. E) logical design document.
Answer: D
69) The systems life cycle maintains a formal division of labor between end users and
information systems specialists.
Answer: TRUE

70) Prototyping is more iterative than the conventional lifecycle.

Answer: TRUE

71) A prototype is a working version of an information system that serves as a final model..
Answer: FALSE

72) End-user-developed systems can be completed more rapidly than those developed through
the conventional systems lifecycle.
Answer: TRUE

73) A primary benefit of offshore outsourcing is that this can substantially reduce hidden costs.
Answer: FALSE

76) What is the purpose of responsive web design?

1. A) It allows one website to serve different platforms, such as tablets, PCs, and mobile
phones.
2. B) It allows websites to respond quickly to changing user needs.
3. C) It enables websites to customize design according to user preferences.
4. D) It enables websites to customize content based on user location and preferences.
5. E) It enables different people to responsively program the system.
Answer: A

77) A "responsive design" for mobile applications is a design that responds to a users:
1. A)
2. B) location.
3. C) voice commands.
4. D) digital device and screen size.
5. E) gestures.
Answer: D

78) As a technical project manager, you have decided to propose implementing a prototyping
methodology for a small web-based design project. What is the order of steps you will follow in
this project?
1. A) Develop the prototype; use the prototype; revise and enhance the prototype.
2. B) Identify user requirements, develop the prototype, use the prototype, revise and
enhance the prototype.
3. C) Define the requirements, develop solutions, select the best prototype, and implement
the prototype.
4. D) Define the requirements, develop the prototype, revise and enhance the prototype.
5. E) Select the best prototype, define the requirements, and implement the prototype.
Answer: B
79) Which of the following is not a top priority in mobile application development?
1. A) Designing for multitouch
2. B) Saving resources
3. C) Limiting the use of keyboards
4. D) Designing for keyboard data entry
5. E) Designing for a mobile devices camera or other features
Answer: D

80) The process of creating workable information systems in a very short period of time is
called:
1. A) RAD.
2. B) JAD.
3. C) prototyping.
4. D) systems analysis and design.
5. E) end user design.
Answer: A

81) Which type of systems development is characterized by significantly speeding up the design
phase and the generation of information requirements and involving users at an intense level?
1. A) RAD
2. B) JAD
3. C) Prototyping
4. D) End-user development
5. E) Traditional
Answer: B

82) Groups of objects are assembled into software components for common functions, which
can be combined into large-scale business applications, in which type of software development?
1. A) Object-oriented development
2. B) Component-based development
3. C) Structured methodologies
4. D) RAD
5. E) Agile development
Answer: B

83) ________ development focuses on rapid delivery of working software by breaking a large
project into a series of small sub-projects that are completed in short periods of time using
iteration and continuous feedback.
1. A) Agile
2. B) Rapid application
3. C) Joint application
4. D) Object-oriented
5. E) DevOps
Answer: A
84) Compared to the use of proprietary components, web services promise to be less expensive
and less difficult to implement because of:
1. A) their ability to integrate seamlessly with legacy systems.
2. B) their ability to enable communication among different systems using universal
standards.
3. C) the ubiquity of the Internet.
4. D) the ability to reuse web services components.
5. E) their use of custom programming.
Answer: B

85) Which of the following statements about mobile web apps is true?
1. A) Users access mobile web apps through their mobile device's web browser.
2. B) A mobile web app resides on the users device.
3. C) A mobile web app only works on certain mobile platforms.
4. D) A mobile web app requires the user to sign onto a web page.
5. E) A mobile web app requires the user to login to a web service.
Answer: A

86) In component-based development, applications are developed one small portion at a time,
with each portion able to function independently.
Answer: FALSE

87) Responsive web design enables websites to change layouts according to the user's screen
size.
Answer: TRUE

88) Native apps are cheap to develop and only one version is required for different mobile
operating systems.
Answer: FALSE

89) Systems development activities always take place in sequential order.

Answer: FALSE

91) Web services are less expensive to weave together than proprietary components.
Answer: TRUE

92) DevOps stands for development opportunities.

Answer: FALSE

93) DevOps emphasizes close collaboration between the software developers and IT
operational staff.
Answer: TRUE

94) Companies using DevOps, like Netflix, can update its production systems with new software
in a matter of months.
Answer: FALSE

95) A request for proposal (RFP) is a detailed list of questions submitted to software vendors.
Answer: TRUE