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Abstract: In this article, we present an interpretation of the well-known key of the general
key of Solomon, graphic-symbolic structure widely used in said magical rituals in
esoterism and referenced in several works of occult sciences. We present a brief history
of its origin and meaning and then we do an interpretation of the parts of the pentacle,
demonstrating relations with symbols of the Arturian cycle, also with the process of
building sigils in magical squares, as well as the process of obtaining magical names.
1. Introduction
Solomon's general key is a widespread clavicle and used in various rituals of esoteric,
kabbalistic and alchemical nature. The text though attributed to King Solomon originates
in the Middle Ages. It is a grimoire1 containing various keys, seals and incantations to
conjure up various entities. There are two versions, Clavicula Salomonis or Clavis
Salomonis - which contains 36 pentacles and the Lesser Key of Solomon or Lemegeton
Clavicle Salomonis Regis, which contains five parts: Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgy Goetia,
Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel and Ars Nova. Aleister Crowley, Samuell Lidell MacGregor
Mathers did a translation of this work into English.
Jerusa Pires Fereira observes how the word grimoire etymologically linked to the idea
of a grammar book, which is nevertheless curious, but at the same time reveals the
medieval nature of both concepts:
"Grimoire proceeds or binds directly to Grammaire,
designating Latin grammar, incomprehensible to the vulgar, also
1
Grimoires (French grimoire) are medieval collections of magical spells, rituals and incantations invariably
attributed to classical Hebrew or Egyptian sources. Such books contain astrological correspondences, lists
of angels and demons, guidelines on how to effect spells or mix remedies, cast supernatural entities and
make talismans, according to the point of view and experimental studies. The word comes from ancient
French grammar, from the same root as the word grammar. This is because in the latter half of the Middle
Ages, Latin grammar (books on Latin diction and syntax) maintained in schools and universities controlled
by the Church - and for the illiterate, non-ecclesiastical books were suspect to contain Magic. However,
grammar also denotes, for the literate and illiterate, a basic instruction book. A grammar represents the
description of a combination of symbols, also containing a description of how to combine them, to create
logical sentences. A grimoire, in turn, would be the description of a combination of magical symbols and
how to combine them properly, within a magical system. (Source: Wikipedia)
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
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Supposedly, the book is the integral translation of Lemegeton: The Clavicles of Solomon. Edition of
Mathers and Crowley, 1904.
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
The key consists of three main parts besides the Hebrew inscriptions. The first is
the circle that circumvents and defines the boundaries of the pantacle (key), in which is
inscribed in Hebrew the sequence of the 22 letters of the alphabet. The second is a figure
that resembles at the bottom a sword hilt and on the top a cross from which emanate two
rays, one on each side. The Hebrew inscriptions refer to seven of the 10 sephiroth. The
third part, in simple line, is a sigil that is seen passing behind the figure of the sword /
cross.
We will first analyze the second figure, which we call the binomial sword-cross.
From the references made by the ten sephirot, this figure can also be a stylization of the
"Tree of Life" of the Kabbalah.
In the comparison between the two figures, one can note the clear quotation to
seven of the ten sephirot (Kether, Binah and Chochmah - the three on the cross) and more
Daath - the 11th sephirah, considered enigmatic, not to be pronounced or inscribed on the
Tree of Life, right in the center of the cross. In the blade of the sword, we find Tipheret,
Hod and Nezach (in the part of the sword's grip). There remain three sephiroth, namely:
Gewurah and Chesed that would be located at the height of the first line of secrecy, one
on each side. There we find the same Hebrew word, inscribed in the mirror, one in relation
to the other occurrence, which can be read as the verb "unwrap" the sword conjugated in
the past, but can also be read as "whole", "offering or "Sacrifice", depending on how one
sees the order and meaning of the letters placed there. In addition, it lacks the sephirah
"Malkuth" which is the material world or the Earth. Gewurah and Chesed related to the
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
planets Saturn and Jupiter and represented respectively the Severity and the Mercy. The
apparent absence of the names of the two sephiroth will be resolved when we analyze the
sigil, but for now, it should be noted that the sigil has a horizontal line connecting the
places where the two sephiroth should be.
3
WIRTH, Oswald. Le Livre de lApprenti, p. 119.
4
LEPAGE, Marius. Le Synbolisme, 1939, p. 122 e segs.
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
Flaming Sword at length. For him, the Sword covers two essential
meanings: that of creation, through the Verb-Light-Sound, and
that of purification and atonement under the trials of destiny.
"(BOUCHER 1989: 72-73)
Note that at the top of the blade, two rays emerge at the tip of the blade, one on
either side of the tip. Hence the relation to the idea of the flaming sword, but this also
mingles with the notion of the "Tree of Life," not only by the quotation from Genesis (III,
24) but also by the fact that the Tree of Life is actually an inverted tree in which its roots
are in the sky5.
Another significant fact inscribed in the key of Solomon is the reference to
sephirah "Daath" on the blade of the sword. According to Dion Fortune:
5
It is worth reading the book already quoted from Dion Fortune, but we also indicate from PAPUS,
(Gerard Encausse), The Kabbalah: Secret Tradition of the East. So Paulo, Society of Ancient Sciences,
1983.
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
In the book quoted from Eliphas Lvi6, in fact, on page 109 we find
a reproduction of the pentacle without the inscriptions in Hebrew, except for 4 letters
arranged on the north-south-east-west axes of the circumference. We have not had access
to the book of Grosschedel and the cited originals, so we cannot validate at all the
reconstruction of the inscriptions made by the publisher, which in our view reinforces a
suspicion of conscious or unconscious association made with the symbology of the
Arthurian swords . However, on the other hand, it may also be suggestive to think that in
being the very ancient pentacle, it has served as inspiration for the composition of the
sword legend as an esoteric allegory.
6
LEVI, Eliphas. Dogma and Ritual of High Magic. So Paulo, Pensamento, 1988.
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
7
In this respect we indicate the works: JENKINS, Elizabeth. The Mysteries of King Arthur: The Hero and
Myth reassessed through history, archeology, art and literature. So Paulo: Ed. Melhoramentos, 1994.
202 pp .; MALORY, Thomas. King Arthur and his Knights. London: Oxford University Press, 1975. 231 p
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
The sum of the seven numbers in the magic square of Venus occurs in this way,
when we observe the values of each cell: 30 + 12 + 32 + 7 + 43 + 26 + 26 = 176. The
basic value of the magic square of Venus is 175, therefore, here we have 175 + 1, that is,
the overcoming of the symbolic meaning that carries the square of Venus, which are the
carnal passions.
22 47 16 41 10 35 4
5 23 48 17 42 11 29
30 6 24 49 18 36 12
13 31 7 25 43 19 37
38 14 32 1 26 44 20
21 39 8 33 2 27 45
46 15 40 9 34 3 28
This sigil holds special properties as its position is modified, for example, if we
think of a 180 change of the arrangement of the sigil on the grid of the matrix, we will
obtain as a sum the number 174 (20 + 38 + 18 + 43 + 7 + 24 + 24). This would designate
a decrease of the value of the magic square of Venus in a unit (175-1). The average of the
8
Gematry: kabbalistic mathematical operation that considers the relationship between letters and
numbers, typical of the Hebrew alphabet. In gematry a ten, a hundred, or a thousand can reduced to a
value less than ten, since you can add the numerals of a certain number until you reach the lower value.
We indicate SOD, Lochem. General Treaty of Kabbalah, volume 1: Gematry. Available at:
https://br.pinterest.com/pin/683984262127963658/
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
two positions of the sigil returns to the value of the magic square: 176 + 174 = 350/2 =
175. In turn if we change the two positions by 90 , we have the following values:
Thus, the average of two antipodes positions of the stealth always gives 175. In
the case of the four positions described, the sum of the four final cells (one of each
position) gives as a cypher total is 100 (26 + 24 + 18 + 32). If we mark these four
positions, we observe that we can determine a square in the central region of the magic
square:
22 47 16 41 10 35 4
5 23 48 17 42 11 29
30 6 24 49 18 36 12
13 31 7 25 43 19 37
38 14 32 1 26 44 20
21 39 8 33 2 27 45
46 15 40 9 34 3 28
Let us now note that if we add the 4 adjacent cells to each of the marked numbers,
we form a diamond, whose sum is also 100 (49 + 1 + 43 + 7). In the center of the lozenge
/ square sum we have the number 25, so we can return to the number 175 in this way: 100
+ 100 = 200-25 = 175. The central figure is a magic square of Saturn (3x3 matrix) whose
sum of each line or column is 75:
24 49 18
7 25 43
32 1 26
The sigil of the key of Solomon's general key can be adapted to any other planetary
magical square (Jupiter, Mars, Sun, Mercury, Moon, Earth), only specifically that of
Saturn will require a change in the operative mode as is the adaptation9.
We will show here how to adapt the sigil to the magical squares of Jupiter and
Mercury. The central question is to define the sigil in the number of cells that can assumed
in each square; in the case of Jupiter (4x4 matrix), the sigil must correspond to four cells,
thus:
9
We will not explain here how the operation is done in the Magical square of Saturn, since it seems to
us subject for another article.
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
In the sum of the four cells in the magical square of Jupiter, based on the magic
square presented by Agrippa10, we obtain the result 63 (9 + 12 + 11 + 11 + 10 + 10),
which corresponds to 34 (standard sum of row or column of the square of Jupiter) plus
29 (number that can be reduced gematrically to 11, this one with high symbolic value: the
number of the avatar). Making the rotation of the four positions as we did with the sigil
in the square of Venus, we obtain in Jupiter the following results:
4 14 15 1
9 7 6 12
5 11 10 8
16 2 3 13
a) 9+12+11+11+10+10 = 63 (34+29)
b) 8+5+6+6+7+7 = 39 (34+5)
c) 2+14+6+6+10+10 = 48 (34+14)
d) 15+3+7+7+11+11 = 54 (34+20)
The average of each two antipodes positions is 51 (63 + 39 = 102/2 = 51), which
corresponds to 34 + 17. Note that if we eliminate the cell repetitions in the sums we have
the average 34, the default value of Jupiter's magic square. 51 is a number that represents
Jupiter plus half of Jupiter and that in the sum of two antipodes we have 3 times the value
of Jupiter. The four central cells of the operation result in 34. In this way, the properties
of stealth remain if we change the magic square on which it based. Let us now apply the
same principle to the magic square of Mercury and to get 8 cells, since the magic square
of Mercury is an 8x8 matrix, we will consider that the final key does not represent the
same cell but opens in two cells:
10
NETTESHEIM, Cornlio Agrippa de. Three Books of Occult Philosophy. Compilao de Notas de Donald
Tyson. So Paulo, Madras, 2008. p. 942.
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
In the magical square of Mercury, we use the grid as defined by Agrippa, in which
each line, column or main diagonal gives the result 260, and is obtained by turning the
four positions that we have worked here the following results:
a) 32+ 25+46+27+30+43+21+42 = 266 (260+6);
b) 33+40+19+38+25+22+23+44 = 254 (260-6);
c) 61+5+43+21+45+19+11+38 = 243 (260-17)
d) 4+60+22+44+20+46+27+54 = 277 (260+17)
The difference between sums "a" and "b" is 6 (+ 6-6), the value is typical of the
magic square of the Sun (matrix 6x6) and the difference between positions "c" and "d" is
17 (+ 17-17), which is half the value of the line in the magical square of Jupiter (34). We
have already demonstrated in another text the intrinsic relations between the matrix of the
magical square of Mercury with the matrices of the Sun and of Jupiter. They are relations
that can be extracted from the grid of Mercury itself and obtain the squares of the Sun and
of Jupiter11.
We believe we have demonstrated how the sigil of Solomon's general key pentacle
is also a general sigil that can applied to any matrix grid of planetary magic squares that
will guard its basic properties. Similar results can obtained by applying stealth on the
magical squares of Mars, Sun, Moon and Earth.
4. The Name in Sigil
A sigil is not just a mathematical operation, the cells of a sigil make up
by operation that converts gematry into cabal, a name. This name is important in
understanding the hidden meaning of each magic square. Earlier in the text, we
exemplified with the magic square of Venus the sigils that refer to the names of Hagiel
and Kedhemel. These two names are understood as the first being the name of the Venus
Intelligence and the second the name of the spirit of Venus. The first is considered that of
a beneficial entity and the second of a severe entity. Magical operations try to evoke one
or the other according to the intentions of the operator.
11
LUNA, Jayro. Anlise da Mandala de Nazca: Algumas Consideraes Matemticas e Outras nem
tanto... em: Revista Dilogos, n. 17, maro, 2017, p373-393. Link:
http://www.revistadialogos.com.br/Dialogos_17/Dial_17_Jairo_Luna_Nazca.pdf
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
12
All examples cited here of names in the sigils taken from Agrippa's work already quoted.
13
GUENOL, Raji. Book 2: Notes on Sigils. Arembepe-BA, author's edition, 1983.
14
Likely corruption of his name in: "Gonael-one of numerous guards of the gates of the North Wind. [Rf:
Ozar Midrashim 11,316.1]. DAVIDSON, Gustav. A Dictionary of Angels: Including the Fallen Angels. New
York, Free Press, 1979. p. 125.
15
Likely corruption of the name in: "Jachniel-one of numerous angelic guards of the gates of the South
Wind. [Rf. Ozar Midrashim 11, 316.] DAVIDSON, Gustav. A Dictionary of Angels: Including the Fallen
Angels. New York, Free Press, 1979. p. 157. Another way of writing the name in Latin characters: Jakele.
16
Chalkydri (Ka1kydra)-archangels of the flying elements of the sun. Mentioned in Enoch II, where they
are linked with the phoenixes and placed amidst cherubim and seraphim. The chalkydri are 12-winged.
At the rising of the sun they burst into song. Their habitat is the 4th Heaven. In gnostic lore, they are
demonic. In Charles' Introduction to Enoch II, the chalkydri are described as "monstrous serpents with
the heads of crocodiles" and as "natural products of the Egyptian imagination." DAVIDSON, Gustav. A
Dictionary of Angels: Including the Fallen Angels. New York, Free Press, 1979. p. 84.
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
Remembering that these four positions are contiguous to the other four that form the
sides of a magic square 3x3 (Saturn), we can also form a name from the four contiguous: 1 + 49
+7 + 43 = 100, which can look like this: 1 + 40 + 9 + 7 + 40 + 3 and adding the central figure 25
(7) to complete the seven positions of the magic square of Venus: Zagzamtama (), name
of the spirit that controls the properties of the rotation of the square of Saturn inscribed on
Venus. The name appears to be one of several versions of Zagzagel, as seen in Gustav Davidson,
the occurrence of three variants of the name. In the variant we find, the end of the name seems
to refer to the need for the initiate to seek purity and consequently elimination of the spiritual
contamination ():
Zagzantama / Zagzagael seems to evoke the function of the angel who teaches, hence
the connection with the four cardinal cells, you are not feeling, from the chalk, what is within
reach, inscription of words that must be apprehended before the master erases them to give
place to the next lesson, idea or concept. In Filipino language "Tama" meaning "correct",
"correction."
The transliterations provide specific names for certain magical operations, and it is
surprising how the equation that associates what pentacle's sigil of Solomon's key results makes
it possible to obtain very precise meanings in each magic square in which the process described
here is applied.
The rotation of the four cells from the cardinal axes to the collaterals suggests a dynamic
and continuous process, which reinforced by the idea of words written with chalk that are soon
extinguished and replaced by others, according to the rotation. This continuous spin is creating
a succession of names and words that have a hypnotizing effect on initiates. More than that, the
figures in constant rotation, but always reaching the same result make up an energetic ring that
suggests a psychological and spiritual effect.
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
REFERENCES
BOUCHER, Jules. A Simblica Manica. So Paulo, Pensamento, 1986.
DAVIDSON, Gustav. A Dictionary of Angels: Including the Fallen Angels. New York, Free Press,
1979.
EVOLA, Julius. O Mistrio do Graal. So Paulo, Pensamento, 1988.
FERREIRA, Jerusa Pires. Livros e Leituras de Magia em: Revista USP, n. 31: Dossi Magia. So
Paulo, USP, 1996.
FORTUNE, Dion. A Cabala Mstica. So Paulo, Pensamento, 1983.
GUENOL, Raji. Caderno 2: Apontamentos Sobre Sigilo. Arembepe-BA, edio do autor, 1983.
LEVI, Eliphas. Dogma e Ritual da Alta Magia. So Paulo, Pensamento, 1988.
LUNA, Jayro. Anlise da Mandala de Nazca: Algumas Consideraes Matemticas e Outras
nem tanto... em: Revista Dilogos, n. 17, maro, 2017, p373-393.
MATHERS, Sammuell Liddell MacGregor (trad.). A Arte da Goetia dos 72 Espritos Infernais:
Conforme Evocados e Constritos pelo Rei Salomo. Traduo para o Portugus de Astharot
Cognatus, 2006. Introduo e Notas de Aleister Crowley. Londres, Mathers, 1904.
________. A Chave de Salomo (Clavcula Salomonis). Volume sem indicao do tradutor para
o Portugus nem o ano da edio no Brasil. Londres, George Redway, 1889.
PAPUS (Gerard Encausse). A Cabala: A Tradio Esotrica do Ocidente. So Paulo, Sociedade
das Cincias Antigas, 1983.
PIOBB, P.V. Formulrio de Alta Magia. Rio de Janeiro, Francisco Alves, 1982.
TYSON, Donald. Trs Livros de Filosofia Oculta: escritos por Henrique Cornlio Agrippa de
Nettesheim. Introduo, traduo e notas de Donald Tyson. Traduo Marcos Malvezzi. So
Paulo, Madras, 2008.
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Unveiling the Secrets of the Solomon Key Jayro Luna
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