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TWS FL-8
Traveling Wave Fault Locator
Document ID: 40-08591-01
www.qualitrolcorp.com
Legal
Information in this document is subject to change without notice. This document is provided to purchasers of
QUALITROL products for use in the installation, operation and servicing of such products. No other use, nor any
reproduction, distribution or the making of any derivatives of this document is authorized, without the express prior written
permission of Qualitrol.
QUALITROL endeavors to ensure the accuracy and quality of its published materials; however, no warranty, expressed
or implied, is provided. QUALITROL disclaims any responsibility or liability for any direct or indirect damages resulting
from the use of the information in this manual or products described in it. Mention of any product or brand does not
constitute an endorsement by QUALITROL of that product or brand.
This document was originally composed in English and was subsequently translated into other languages. The fidelity of
subsequent translations cannot be guaranteed. In case of conflict between the English version and another language
version, the English version takes precedence.
2012 QUALITROL Company LLC, an ISO 9001 system certified company. All rights reserved. Information subject to change without notice.
All trademarks are properties of their respective companies, as noted herein. 40-08591-01.
www.qualitrolcorp.com
Contents
Contents
1. About This Manual ................................................................................ 2
1.1. Symbols Used ................................................................................................ 2
1.2. Abbreviations and Acronyms ....................................................................... 3
2. Overview of TWS FL-8 .......................................................................... 6
2.1. Introduction.................................................................................................... 6
2.2. Standard Equipment ..................................................................................... 6
2.3. Typical Scheme ............................................................................................. 7
2.4. TWS FL-8 License.......................................................................................... 8
2.5. Safety Summary ............................................................................................ 8
2.6. Customer Helpline Information .................................................................... 9
3. Components and Specifications ....................................................... 12
3.1. Environmental Requirements ..................................................................... 12
3.2. Power Supply and Earthing ........................................................................ 12
3.2.1. Standard Power Supply ...................................................................................... 12
3.2.2. UPS ..................................................................................................................... 13
3.2.3. +12 VDC External Power Supply ....................................................................... 15
3.3. Physical Details ........................................................................................... 15
3.4. Front Panel Description .............................................................................. 16
3.5. Rear Panel Description ............................................................................... 17
3.6. Standard MMI ............................................................................................... 19
3.6.1. MMI CPU Mode .................................................................................................. 19
3.6.2. MMI LCD Navigation ........................................................................................... 19
3.6.3. MMI Overview Screen ........................................................................................ 21
3.6.4. CPU Overview Screen ........................................................................................ 22
3.6.5. CPU Main Menu Screen ..................................................................................... 22
3.6.6. LED Functions .................................................................................................... 28
3.7. Shutdown and Reset ................................................................................... 31
3.7.1. Shutdown Switch ................................................................................................ 31
3.7.2. Reset Switch ....................................................................................................... 31
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Contents
Contents ii www.qualitrolcorp.com
Contents
Contents iv www.qualitrolcorp.com
About This Manual
Chapter 1
About This Manual
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About This Manual
A Caution identifies conditions and actions that may damage the test instrument.
Risk of danger
~ Alternating Current
Direct Current
Protective Earth
USB Communication
GPS Antenna
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About This Manual
CF Control Function
CPU/Motherboard Processor Card
CTS Clear To Send
DC Direct Current
DCE Data Communication Equipment
DFE Digital Front End
DTE Data Terminal Equipment
RI Ring Indicator
RoHS Restriction of Hazardous Substances
RTC Real Time Clock
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About This Manual
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Overview
Chapter 2
Overview
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Overview
2.1. Introduction
TWS FL-8 is designed to accurately locate faults on high voltage, overhead line feeders that
may include lengths of cable. It can give useful results on more complicated networks
including some branches. The preferred location is a substation where more than one feeder
is connected to the busbar. TWS FL-8 depends on the measurement of current transients on
the secondary side of the main protection current transformer. This method can only be
applied at points on the system where current transformers are available.
TWS FL-8 is used to monitor eight line modules. It can monitor 2, 4, 6, or 8 line modules
depending on the number of fault location (FL) cards mounted. A single FL card has
capability to monitor two line modules. Refer to Appendix H for more details on mounting FL
cards.
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Overview
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Overview
GPS Satellite
CONTROL ROOM
Distance
to Fault
Results
k
n
i
L
n
o
tia
c
i
n
u
m
m
o
C
TWS FL TWS FL
A B
Transducer Transducer
ALARMS ALARMS
TO PROTECTION
TRANSMISSION LINE
SUBSTATION SUBSTATION
A B
Note Refer to Appendix D for details about any TWS FL-8 license updates.
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Overview
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Overview
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Components and Specifications
Chapter 3
Components and Specifications
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Components and Specifications
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Components and Specifications
3.2.2. UPS
The UPS card provides power supply to the TWS FL-8 device for a minimum of 15 minutes.
In normal operating conditions, the user can expect battery backup for 30 minutes with a
new and fully charged battery. The battery must be charged initially for 12 hours to provide a
minimum backup of 15 minutes.
Note Refer to Appendix E for details about the battery replacement procedure.
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Components and Specifications
The following table describes the details of the two batteries that are used in the TWS FL-8
device.
Details 4S2P5SWB-SB NH2054
Manufacturer Rajamane Telectric Private INSPIRED ENERGY, Inc.
Limited
Part Number/Reference 4S2P5SWB-SB-002 NH2054HD24
Battery Specifications
Rated Capacity (minimum) 3.9 Ah with 0.5 C Charging 4.8 Ah
and 0.5 C Discharging
Operating Environment
Charging 0C +45C, 0C to 45C, <= 80% RH
Maximum 90% RH
Discharging -20C ~ +60C, -10C to 50C, <= 80% RH
Maximum 90% RH
Storage Environment
Short Period less than 1 month -20C ~ +45C, -20C ~ +60C<= 80% RH
Maximum 90% RH
The Rajamane battery is the default battery. The Qualitrol reference number for this battery
is 3601-0087.
Note Refer to Section 7.2.4 for further information about UPS maintenance.
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Components and Specifications
The +12 VDC External Power Supply has the following specifications:
Output voltage: +12 V@750 mA Maximum
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Components and Specifications
1 2 3
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Components and Specifications
TB18-19, TB7,
4 8*4 Pin connector TB8,TB3,TB4,TB FL Digital inputs
14-15
TB20,TB21,TB9,
5 8*10 Pin connector TB10,TB5,TB6,T FL Analog inputs
B16,TB17
Phoenix Connector TB11 Differential PPS Out (Master
6
mode)/In (Slave mode)
7 1*5 Pin Connector TB12 RS485 Communication
BNC Connector -In IRIG-B INPUT (TTL/AM)/PPM
8 IN/PPH IN
BNC Connector -Out IRIG-B OUTPUT (TTL/AM)
9 DB9 Connector RS232 Communication
A picture of the rear panel of the TWS FL-8 device is shown on the next page.
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Components and Specifications
12
11
5
5
10
7
4
4
9
9
5
5
6
8
4
4
13
3
2
1
14
15
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Components and Specifications
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Components and Specifications
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Components and Specifications
Communication icon.
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Components and Specifications
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Components and Specifications
System information - The SYSTEM INFORMATION menu provides information about the
following:
Alarms/Logs The ALARMS/LOGS menu provides the options for viewing various logs.
The menu displays the following:
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Components and Specifications
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Components and Specifications
Data Download The DATA DOWNLOAD menu provides the option for user to download
the data from the device to the USB. The menu displays submenus to download the log and
FL records. USB should be connected to the device in order to download logs and records.
The number of days of data required to be downloaded is specified using the up and down
arrow keys. MMI LCD displays the downloading status.
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Components and Specifications
Clock Synchronization - The CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION menu provides the CPU clock
source information. The menu displays the time mode of CPU, source of clock, status of
synchronization, and additional information based on source.
Manual Trigger - The MANUAL TRIGGER menu provides options for the user to give a
manual trigger. This menu displays the following options:
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Components and Specifications
Channel Check - The CHANNEL CHECK menu provides the user with the option to test the
enabled FL channels and to display the status of FL Digital Inputs.
This menu displays the following options:
Relay Test - The RELAY TEST menu provides the user with the option to test the relay, as
shown in the following figure. The relay is selected using the up and down arrow key.
Display Settings - The DISPLAY SETTINGS menu provides the user with the option to
change the LCD and backlight settings, as shown in the following figure.
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Components and Specifications
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Components and Specifications
LED 3 Clock To check the clock Green TWS FL-8 is locked (The internal
Sync synchronization clock is synchronized with the
external clock).
Red TWS FL-8 is unlocked.
Off Nil
LED 4 Battery To check whether Green TWS FL-8 is running on mains power
the device is and device is fitted with UPS card
running on mains (Battery backup is available).
power or battery
back-up Red TWS FL-8 is running on battery
backup.
Off TWS FL-8 is running on mains power
and device is not fitted with UPS card
(Battery backup is not available in the
device.)
LED 5 Trigger To check FL Green FL trigger in progress
triggering status.
Red Nil
Off No trigger
LED 6 Alarm User Green Nil
Configurable:
Red Indicates 90% Memory full or user-
Default events are configured event.
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Components and Specifications
Or
User can
configure for any
event.
LED 7 Status 1 User Configurable Green On/Flashing User-configured event
occurred.
User can Red On/Flashing -- /user-configured event
configure for any occurred.
event.
Off User-configured event
LED 8 Status 2 User Green On/Flashing User-configured event
Configurable: occurred.
Default event is
Maintenance Red On/Flashing Maintenance Mode
Mode start started/user-configured event
occurred.
User can
configure for any
event.
LED 9 Status 3 User configurable: Green Flashing Firmware updating/
Default state is Configuration download/
USB Configuration updating/Data
communication download is through USB/user-
configured event occurred.
Or
On If the USB communication
User can process is completed/User-
configure for any configured event occurred.
event. Red USB communication error/User-
configured event occurred.
Off No USB communication/No user-
configured event.
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Components and Specifications
If the user releases the shutdown switch before 3 seconds, the device enters into the
Channel check mode (for details about the Channel check mode, refer to Section 3.6.6).
The shutdown switch is available on the motherboard or CPU. Refer to section 7.4.4.
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Components and Specifications
Note A default 75 IRIG-B termination is provided by the TWS FL-8 device. If a 120
termination is required, then the user must use an external BNC adapter.
A suitable 75 to 120 Ohm terminator similar to L-Com part number ACC 8060 is required.
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Components and Specifications
Time Master
Time Slave #1
Time Slave #2
Time Slave #3
Figure 3.21 TWS FL-8 Fiber/Differential PPS
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Components and Specifications
The 10/100 Base-T connection is done through the RJ45 socket and is used for short-
range (to a maximum of 100 meters) communication over standard twisted pair cables.
TWS FL-8 has two RJ45 Ethernet ports, one each on the front and the rear panel,
referred to as Ethernet port 1 and Ethernet port 2, respectively.
The 100 Base-FX connection is done through two ST fiber connectors and is used for
longer-range (to a maximum of 1000 meters) communication over fiber optic cables.
The white connector is used to transmit and the grey connector is used to receive. The
connectors are suitable for 62.5 or 125 micron multi-mode fiber cable. The wavelength
used is 1300 nm. The user can find the ST-fiber connectors on the rear panel of the
device.
Note An incorrect network configuration will prevent proper equipment communication and
network access.
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Components and Specifications
Secure Shell (SSH): SSH is a network protocol used to create a secure connection
between TWS FL-8 and a users computer. The SSH connection provides authentication
and encryption.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP): FTP is used to transfer files between TWS FL-8 and the
users computer over the network.
IP Forwarding: IP Forwarding allows network requests to be redirected to a specified IP
address that might be located on another network. IP Forwarding enables one device to act
as a gateway, forwarding IP packets to another network device.
The following table provides details of the services that can be run on each port and the
corresponding serial cable type to be used.
Port Name Functionality/Services Cable Type
RS232-1 Debug port Simple null modem without handshaking
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Components and Specifications
*: Optional
PPPD on SERIAL: This service is enabled or used when the TWS FL-8 device needs to be
connected directly to a computer without a modem.
PPPD on MODEM: This service is enabled or used when the TWS FL-8 device needs to be
accessed through a modem.
Cable Types
The following figures show the different cable types.
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Components and Specifications
3.9. USB
Script file is available but the LCD The USB performs operations according to the script.
interface is not available.
Both the script file and the LCD interface The USB performs operations according to the script
are available. because the script has higher priority.
Both the script file and the LCD interface The USB does not perform any operation.
are not available.
The script file is not available but the The USB performs the data download operation
LCD interface is available. through the LCD interface.
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Components and Specifications
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Components and Specifications
Note For TWS fault location the time master must be synchronized to GPS.
IRIG-B or IRIG-J synchronization does not provide sufficient accuracy. Time slave
units have degraded fault location accuracy compared to the master.
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Components and Specifications
Note For TWS FL-8 to be fully time-synchronized as a time slave, both PPS and NTP are
required from the time master.
Note In the absence of PPS input for the slave mode of operation, TWS FL-8 will use NTP
time as the time reference from the configured NTP server. Because TWS FL-8 is not
synchronized with the PPS time marker, the accuracy of time synchronization is
impacted.
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Components and Specifications
GPS Satellite
<100 ns <100 ns
TWS FL TWS FL
Time Time
Master Master
TWS FL Time Slave TWS FL Time Slave TWS FL Time Slave TWS FL Time Slave
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Components and Specifications
This check is performed continuously and the status of the PPS stability is updated every 16
seconds. If the external PPS is stable for 16 seconds, then the PPS is declared as stable;
else, it is rejected. When multiple TWS FL-8 devices are in the locked state, ADC sampling
is synchronized.
TWS FL-8 is said to be locked to External time source when the internal time is
synchronized with the external time source within an acceptable band of time accuracy.
TWS FL-8 is said to be in Not-Locked State if any of the following conditions occurs:
The external PPS does not pass the stability check.
The time difference is not within the acceptable jitter limit.
When there is a transition of TWS FL-8 internal PPS from not-locked to a locked state, time
correction occurs. The time correction can happen in any of the following ways:
Gradual time correction
Abrupt time shift
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Components and Specifications
LM3 TB17
LM4 TB16
LM5 TB10
LM6 TB09
LM7 TB06
LM8 TB05
There are three analog inputs for each line module. Output of the linear coupler is connected
to the positive and negative pins of the analog connector.
Example: For LM 7 Channel 1, the output of the linear coupler is connected to 1+ and 1-.
The third pin is connected to the cable shield.
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Components and Specifications
LM7 TB4
LM8 TB3
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Components and Specifications
Relay Specifications
Contact Form : SPST NO/SPST NC
Coil Voltage : 5 VDC
Contact Rating : 5 A at 250 VDC/30 VAC, 8 A at 250 VAC/30 VDC
Service Life
Mechanical : 50,000,000 operations minimum (at 18,000 operations/hour)
Electrical : 100,000 operations minimum (at 1,800 operations/hour under rated load)
The following pin out table lists the different alarm configurations.
Pin No. Alarm Indication Pulse Default
Configuration Width State
(ms)
Pin 9 Internally
Pin 10 connected to
GND
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Components and Specifications
The relay default settings are done at the factory as per the customer order.
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Installation
Chapter 4
Installation
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Installation
4. Installation
This chapter describes the installation procedure of the TWS FL-8 device.
4.2. Accessories
Following accessories are provided:
Serial port cable
RJ45 cable 2 m (straight)
RJ45 cable 2 m (crossover)
Operating manual
Configuration CD (containing the standalone configuration tool)
Four loose empty labels that the customer can place over existing labels if any
settings are changed at a later stage.
Test reports (including the serial port communication default settings of the device)
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Installation
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Installation
If multiple TWS FL-8 devices are installed at a given location or across different locations,
they communicate with each other using twisted pair or fiber-optic Ethernet as shown in the
following figure.
In Figure 4.2, TWS FL-8 #1 is configured as the time master and TWS FL-8 #2, #3, and #4
are configured as time slaves.
Note The twisted pair Ethernet communications are also known as 10/100 Base-T, and
have a maximum range of 100 m (300 ft) under normal conditions for error free
communication. It is not recommended that the user extend twisted pair Ethernet
cables beyond an adjacent cubicle in a substation environment. This is done to avoid
induced transients from other conductors.
Fiber-optic Ethernet network, also known as 100Base-FX, is recommended for long
distance communication that can be extended over 1 km, when being used in multi-
mode fiber.
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Installation
In order to ensure safe operation, first connect the device to protective earth and then
connect it to the power supply.
Before connecting the circuits, ensure that the maximum measuring voltage and
maximum voltage to earth are not exceeded.
Do not use leads and accessories that do not fulfill the relevant safety standards. This
could lead to serious injury or death from electric shock.
Make sure that the device is installed in an area where heat dissipation is not
restricted.
Ensure that the device is in the operating temperature range and humidity conditions
as specified in Appendix A before switching it ON.
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Installation
Note If the user has upgraded the firmware for standard MMI, then during the next boot up
of TWS FL-8, the LEDs on the right flash from top to bottom, and the LEDs on the left
flash from bottom to top in green. This is in addition to the normal boot up mode.
It is important to match the polarity dots of the two sections of the linear coupler
when fitting as shown.
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Installation
The inductive couplers should have an air gap between the two halves when
installed. Nylon washers are provided for this purpose. See Figure 4.4 for
positional details of the nylon washers.
The linear couplers need to be fitted one on each phase around the secondary wiring from
the protection current transformers associated with the line being monitored. They need to
be fitted consistently facing the same direction on each phase to meet the direction (polarity)
convention. It has been accepted that the positive direction of view is towards the line (see
section 4.5.5). They should be fitted to the connecting leads of a set of protection current
transformers, which are dedicated to feeding a protection relay (digital relays result in better
signals than electromechanical relays). See figure 4.5. If this is not possible, please consult
QUALITROL for advice.
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Installation
The connecting cable between the linear couplers and TWS FL-8 should either be:
Three individual cables (one for each phase).
Each cable should be a screened twisted pair cable. Conductors should be of copper
and at least 7 strand 0.25 mm (for mechanical strength in a substation environment).
Insulation should be polythene or polypropylene for low loss.
One cable containing 3 individually screened twisted pairs.
Conductors should be copper and at least 7 strand 0.25 mm for mechanical strength.
Insulation should be polythene or polypropylene for low loss.
The length of the cable between the inductive couplers and TWS FL-8 should be
no longer than 25 m. Contact QUALITROL if longer cable runs is required. The
screen is earthed at the TWS FL-8 end only. Observe the polarity: dot on linear
coupler to + on TWS FL-8.
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Installation
The convention is to install inductive couplers looking into the line (as described in section
4.5.5). Figure 4.7 shows an in zone fault. The inductive couplers in this example are
installed in such a way that they are looking into the line. The resulting transients recorded
by the TWS FL-8s at either end of the line (shown in green) then have the same polarity.
Figure 4.7 - Fault Occurring on the Line Being Monitored by the TWS FL-8
Figure 4.8 shows an out of zone fault again with both the inductive couplers installed at
each end of the line looking into the line. The resulting transients recorded by the TWS FL-8
this time have opposite polarities.
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Installation
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Installation
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Installation
Mounting Plate 23.2 cm x 26 cm. Mast height 65 cm without antenna adapter fitted.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
Chapter 5
Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
5.1. Functionality/Service
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
5. Select the radio button Connect directly to another computer and click on the Next
button.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
7. Mention any name, say LnT and click on the Next button.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
10. Select Add a shortcut to this connection to my desktop and then click Finish. A
shortcut icon for serial connectivity is created on the desktop of the PC.
11. Now double click on the created shortcut icon. The following wizard is displayed.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
14. From the Maximum speed (bps) drop down list provided, the user has to select the
speed as 38400. (The default baud rate of serial port on the TWS FL-8 device is set to
38400).
15. De-select Enable hardware flow control.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
17. The PC name is displayed in the User name by default. The user has to enter any
characters.
18. Click Connect. The following screens are displayed.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
Note Server IP address: It is the new / temporary IP address assigned to the TWS FL-8
device and meant only for the PPPD on serial link.
Client IP address: It is the new / temporary IP address assigned to PC and meant
only for the PPPD on serial link.
The Server IP address & Client IP address is user configurable.
User has to use Server IP address (10.38.0.2 in the above mentioned example screen) to
access the TWS FL-8 device via PPPD serial link.
PPPD ON MODEM:
User can enable to use this service, when the TWS FL-8 device needs to be accessed via
modem. User has to use Standard Modem cable type for this service.
Pre Requisites:
Note User has to make sure that appropriate modem drivers are installed and the modem
is detected by the PC. Please refer to the CD/Manual provided by the Modem
manufacturer for driver installation instructions. Once the drivers are installed and
modem is connected to the PC, user has to follow the below procedure to verify
whether modem is detected or not.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
Ex: In Figure 5.17, the modem detected is Conexant ACF External PnP ..Modem.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
4. Click Next.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
7. Enter the name of your choice in the Company Name field (in this case, LnT) and click
Next. The following wizard is displayed.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
8. User has to enter the phone number (which the user wishes to dial) in the Phone
Number field and click Next.
9. Please refer to the instructions in the wizard for entering the correct number with the
appropriate area code, 0 prefixing, etc.
10. The user can select either Anyones use or My use and then click Next.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
11. Select Add a Shortcut to this connection to my desktop for creating a shortcut to the
dial up connection on the desktop and click Finish. Now, the user will be able to see a
connection formed with the LnT (in this example) shortcut in the desktop as well as in
the Network connections (in control panel).
12. Now, double click the LnT shortcut on the desktop. The following wizard is displayed.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
13. For setting the Baud rate, the user must click Properties. The following window is
displayed.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
Note If the user wishes to change the number, then edit in the click on Dial column
provided.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
2. Double click Direct ->LnT to view the status of connection. An LnT Status popup screen
is displayed.
3. In the General tab, the status should be connected.
4. Click the Details tab. The following screen is displayed.
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Serial Connection to TWS FL-8
Note Server IP address: It is the new / temporary IP address assigned to TWS FL-8
device and meant only for the PPPD on modem link.
Client IP address: It is the new / temporary IP address assigned to PC and meant
only for the PPPD on modem link.
The Server IP address & Client IP address is user configurable.
The user has to use the Server IP address (10.38.0.2 in the aforementioned example
screen) to access the TWS FL-8 device via PPPD modem link.
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Configuration
Chapter 6
Configuration
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Configuration
6. Configuration
This chapter provides instructions to configure the TWS FL-8 device and the iQ+ software.
Note This Web page viewing is supported from Windows Internet Explorer version 8 in
Compatibility View Mode.
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Configuration
View FL-8 Records Used to view the FL records list in the FL-8 device,
view or delete the selected record. The View FL-8
Records option directs the user to a screen in which
the user can select the line module. Records (last 20,
last 500, last 1000 or all) are displayed from those
line modules.
GPS Status Used to view the current GPS status of the device like
Current Local time, number of satellites and other
GPS information
System Information and Calibration Used to calibrate the system and view the system
Information, such as the type of license.
Firmware Upgrade Used to upgrade the firmware of CPU, DSP, FPGA,
PIC and MMI in the device.
Change Password Used to change the password for the FL-8 Web page.
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Configuration
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Configuration
Figure 6.3 Fault Location Tab of the FL-8 Configuration Web Page
For all the line modules, the following configurations are applicable:
Line Module Name: Specifies the name of the individual line module.
Sampling Frequency: Used to select the sampling frequency. Note that higher sample rates
produce longer files sizes. Use 1.25 MHz OR 2.5 MHz when communication is via modem.
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Trigger Threshold: Specifies the trigger threshold level which will trigger the line module if
the input signal exceeds this configured value. The threshold level can be adjusted in the
range 20 A to 0.5 mA equivalent to a setting of 4% to 100%.
Channel Gain: Used to adjust the ADC input level to a constant value irrespective of the
input applied. The full scale deviation (FSD) input to the FL card is in the range of 50 A to
2mA and to match this input range to the FSD value at the ADC input, the gain needs to be
adjusted based on the FSD input. This is called variable gain adjustment. The user has to
configure the gain value in percentage in IQ+ based on FSD input (0% = 2 mA FSD and
100% = 50 A).
Trigger Lockout - Trigger Rate: Used to configure line module lockout triggers. If too many
triggers occur in a short time, the line module will be disabled. The setting range is 30 to 120
triggers per minute in steps of 10.
Trigger Lockout - Duration: Used to configure the lockout duration. A disabled line module
is locked out from 1 minute to 5 minutes before being reset. The input will be disabled again
if multiple triggers continue.
High Priority Time: The purpose of the digital inputs is to flag a significant event like a line
trip and mark any FL triggers that have occurred in a preceding time window as high priority.
The window can be set in the range 200 - 4000 ms via the High Priority Time selection box.
It is recommended to connect the digital inputs to the main and backup protection relays or
trip relays.
Digital Inputs - Channel: Specifies the digital input number. Each line module can support
two digital inputs.
Digital Inputs - Name: Naming convention used for the digital inputs which is user
configurable.
Digital Inputs - Normal State: Specifies the normal state of the digital input which can be
configured either as low or high.
Digital Inputs - Normal State Label: User configurable digital input label name for normal
state.
Digital Inputs - Alarm State Label: User configurable digital input label name for alarm
state.
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Configuration
DHCP Disable
Figure 6.4 System Tab of System Configuration Web Page with DHCP Disable Configuration
When the DHCP status is DISABLED for any Ethernet interface, the IP Address, Gateway
IP, and Netmask IP need to be entered manually by the user.
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Configuration
DHCP Client
Figure 6.5 System Tab of System Configuration Web Page with DHCP Client Configuration
When the DHCP status is CLIENT for any Ethernet interface, the IP Address, Gateway IP,
and Netmask IP are assigned dynamically by the DHCP server. As a result, the user entry
for the IP Address, Gateway IP, and Netmask IP will be restricted.
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Configuration
DHCP Server
Figure 6.6 System Tab of System Configuration Web Page with DHCP Server Configuration
When the DHCP status is SERVER for any Ethernet interface, TWS FL-8 assigns IP
addresses for the other DHCP clients in the network. The IP configuration for the TWS FL-8
is done by the user.
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Configuration
Network Services
Figure 6.7 System Tab of System Configuration Web Page with Network Services
Devices can be accessed using putty via the network services, which are enabled in the
above screen.
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Configuration
This screen enables the user to select the time source connected to TWS FL-8. In the TIME
MASTER mode, all the Time Slave configurations are disabled. The only option for a Time
Master is the use of the internal GPS receiver that results in an accuracy of 100 ns when
locked.
The local time zone can be entered, note that daylight saving is automatic.
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Configuration
In the TIME SLAVE mode, all the Time Slave configurations are enabled. A Time Slave is
synchronized from the Time Master. The Time Master can be another FL-8 or an
independent time source. NTP protocol is used to distribute the time signal to the nearest
second. The IP address of the NTP server must be entered.
Note The accuracy of the fault location is dependent on the accuracy of the 1pps
synchronizing pulse that marks a second boundary. 1 ms is needed to ensure fault
location accuracy of 200 meters.
To guarantee fault location accuracy it is better to configure each FL-8 as a Time
Master.
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Configuration
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Configuration
Note It is possible to perform a manual software trigger of any line module to generate a
record.
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Configuration
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Configuration
FL Records List
This screen is used to view the FL records in the line modules and number of records as
selected in the Record View Selection screen. Once the records are listed, the user can
view and delete the record from any line module.
Figure 6.13 FL Records List (Record Selection, Record View Selection, Delete Record)
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Configuration
Note The feeder name in the FL records list will always match the line module name in the
record selection.
FL Record View
Note Time axis labeling on the record viewer page will be different on the large scale and
detailed views.
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Configuration
Note The waveform viewer does not provide the features for detailed analysis. It is
meant to give an overview sufficient to determine the result of a flick test
used when commissioning the device..
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Configuration
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Configuration
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Configuration
2. To create a new device, right click All Devices as shown in the following figure:
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Configuration
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Configuration
4. Enter the device details and save this information. A new device is created.
5. Right click the TWS FL-8 device and select Retrieve Configuration. The previously
configured settings from the device are loaded. (Factory default settings are loaded
when the TWS FL-8 device is initialized for the first time).
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Configuration
Line Module Name: Specifies the name of the individual line module.
Sampling Frequency: Used to select the sampling frequency.
Trigger Threshold: Specifies the threshold level which will trigger the line module if the
input signal exceeds the configured one.
Channel Gain: Used to adjust the ADC input level to a constant value irrespective of the
input applied. The full scale deviation (FSD) input to the FL card is in the range of 50uA to
2mA, and to match this input range to the FSD value at the ADC input, the gain needs to be
adjusted based on the FSD input. This is called variable gain adjustment. The user has to
configure the gain value in percentage in IQ+ based on FSD input.
Trigger Lockout - Trigger Rate: Used to configure line module lockout triggers.
Trigger Lockout - Duration: Used to configure the lockout duration.
A line module will be locked out if too many triggers are received in a defined time period.
The parameters will be the rate (selectable from 30 to 120 triggers per minute in steps of 10)
and the duration (selectable from 1 to 5 minutes in steps of 1 minute).
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Configuration
Digital Inputs - Channel: Specifies the digital input number. Each line module can support
two digital inputs.
Digital Inputs - Name: Naming convention used for the digital inputs which is user
configurable.
Digital Inputs - Normal State: Specifies the normal state of the digital input which can be
configured either as low or high.
Digital Inputs - Normal State Label: User configurable digital input label name for normal
state.
Digital Inputs - Alarm State Label: User configurable digital input label name for alarm
state.
After entering the values, click Send to Device for the configured values to have effect.
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Configuration
FL Manual Trigger
The FL Manual Trigger is used to generate manual triggers for individual line modules.
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Configuration
Select the line modules for which you want to trigger the manual trigger and click OK.
FL Diagnostic Trigger
The FL Diagnostic Trigger is used to generate triggers on all line modules at one time which
are mainly used to test the hardware circuitry. A single diagnostic trigger will generate two
records on each line module.
The user needs to refer to iQ+ Help for detailed procedures to configure TWS FL-8 for
Fault Location measurements.
TWS FL-8 must be configured for all required parameters including the device name
and substation name through navigation across all subfields of the overview tree
structure as described in the following sections.
After modifying the configuration, the user can save it in the database or save and
send the configuration to the device by clicking the following buttons:
Save to Database: To convert the configuration to XML file and send it to the server;
the file is saved in the database.
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Configuration
Send To Device: To convert the configuration to XML and send it to the server. The
file is saved in the database and also sent to the TWS FL-8 device for measurements.
6.2.2. Communications
Through Modem
To communicate using modem, port RS232-2 must be configured for the internal or external
modem (the user needs to select the Modem Type). RS232-2 is the configuration editor for
the TWS FL-8 device in iQ+. If the user selects the Modem Type as None, then the modem
service will not run in TWS FL-8.
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Configuration
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Configuration
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Maintenance
Chapter 7
Maintenance
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Maintenance
7. Maintenance
7.1. Calibration
TWS FL-8 is shipped after calibration. However, if the user changes or exchanges the FL
daughter board, then the device should be re-calibrated as per the following procedure.
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Maintenance
Consider the following example: The device has 8 line modules. We need to calibrate line
module 1, line module 2, line module 5, and line module 6. For this situation, do the
following steps:
1. Click the Calibrate FL button.
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Maintenance
3. Select the line modules that need to be calibrated and click Continue.
The calibration command is sent to the device after a delay of 10 seconds. The delay is
introduced by the GUI to allow the device to settle with the specified input. During offset
calibration, the device enters the Calibration mode in which all line modules are disabled.
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Maintenance
Once the calibration is done the offset value is published on the Webpage.
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Maintenance
7.2.1. Storage
Keep the original packaging intact. It might be required at a later stage for transport.
Store the device in a dry room; maintain a temperature range of -30C to +70 C and a
maximum humidity of 95 %.
Keep the User Manual supplied with the device for future reference.
Protect the device against direct sunlight, heat, moisture, and mechanical impacts.
If the unit has a battery, switch off the battery by using the switch that is available on
the UPS board during storage. Refer to Appendix E for more information.
7.2.2. Transport
Only the original packaging guarantees proper protection against mechanical impacts.
Transport the device only in its original packaging.
Protect the device during transport against heat and moisture; maintain the
temperature range of -30C to +70C and maximum humidity of 95%.
Protect the device against impacts and loads.
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Maintenance
Note The user must set up a phone book entry/dial-up connection on the computer with the
appropriate phone number settings (refer to Appendix A).
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Maintenance
7. When TCP-IP communications are properly established between the computer and the
device, open a URL (the default IP is directed to either
<http://192.168.1.11/tabindex.html> when the communication is through RJ45, or to
<http://10.38.0.2/tabindex.html> when the communication is through a modem).
Note It is recommended that the required data is downloaded before using iQ+ software.
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Maintenance
Deleting data could take up to 15 minutes. The status of used memory can be
seen on the Diagnostic Information page on "http://device_ip/mfgindex.html".
Once it becomes "1%", we shall proceed with the next step.
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The TWS FL-8 Upgrade page allows the user to upgrade the following:
CPU_Application
FPGA_FL
PICFirmWare
MMIFirmware
All of the above
The TWS FL-8 Upgrade page also allows the user to upgrade the CPU-Kernel.
Note The CPU-Kernel should only be sent along with the latest CPU_Application.
b. After browsing the appropriate file, click the Send button. When the file is sent
successfully, a success message error_string=SUCCESS is displayed.
c. Repeat the previous procedure for all files to be upgraded in the device.
d. Scroll down the Web page and go to the TOGGLE_ALL section, click the respective
check box for which you have browsed and send files to device and then click
ToggleAll. This process will upgrade to all newly sent firmware version executables
or applications to the TWS FL-8 device. After clicking ToggleAll, device is
automatically restarted.
e. Wait until the Healthy LED glows on the front panel of the device.
11. Only if necessary, for upgrading CPU-Kernel, click CPU-Kernels Browse button to locate
the ulmage_x.y_with_crc file, and then click the Send button. On receiving the
confirmation that the file is sent successfully, click the Toggle button for the CPU-kernel.
After clicking the Toggle button, device is automatically restarted. Wait until the Healthy
LED glows on the front panel of the TWS FL-8 device.
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Note The user can toggle multiple applications by selecting the respective check boxes
provided in the TOGGLEALL section.
The subsequent pages show the updating processes involved after the device is
successfully upgraded. The user can then check for new versions through the System
and Diagnostic Information pages that are displayed.
If the user is using a modem, then the file transfer rate may be very slow. For example,
the CPU_Application may take up to 1 hour 45 minutes to upload the initrd_wthcrcPx.yz
file, which is at least 17 MB.
After the application file is sent, it needs to be toggled for the new file to take effect. If the
person upgrading the device has left the computer unattended for a long time, then the
modem connection might be dropped because of no activity on the line. The default
modem inactive time is 66 seconds.
In this situation, the modem connection must be re-established and the Toggle or
ToggleAll button must be invoked in order for the new version to take effect
Note For the purpose of this manual, the URL shown here has a device with the IP address
192.168.35.242.
When the file has been uploaded and stored into the TWS FL-8 device, a success message
error_string=SUCCESS is displayed.
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Maintenance
Ensure that the newly installed firmware versions displayed in the page are correct. Consult
Qualitrol for the latest versions.
Note The Firmware versions shown in the Figure 7.13 may have been updated after this
manual is written.
Click the Diagnostic Information tab and the following page is displayed.
Ensure that the FPGA, and PIC are programmed successfully, and Power Health, PIC, and
CPU are working.
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Maintenance
7.4. Troubleshooting
No part of the equipment is serviceable by the user. Always follow the safety
instructions and safety precautions mentioned in SAFETY SUMMARY. Before
attempting to troubleshoot a defective TWS FL-8 device, contact Qualitrol for
help at csc@qualitrolcorp.com
If any one or all three LEDs (Power healthy, Communication and Clock Sync) on the front
panel of the TWS FL-8 device are not working, perform the steps mentioned in the following
table for finding the fault in the device and rectification.
Not all the LEDs are glowing. Power Supply not working
Or Motherboard not working
Only Power Healthy LED is OFF and all other
are working.
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Maintenance
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Maintenance
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Maintenance
Shutdown Reset
switch switch
+5V
-12V
+12V
DGND
Figure 7.19 Location of Reset and Shutdown Switches and Supply Voltage Test Points on
the Motherboard
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Appendix A Technical Specifications
Appendix A
Technical Specifications
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Appendix A Technical Specifications
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Appendix A Technical Specifications
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Appendix A Technical Specifications
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Appendix A Technical Specifications
EMC Standards
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Appendix A Technical Specifications
IEC 60255-22-1 / IEC 61000-4-12 & ANSI Tested to IEC 61000-4-12 ,Tested for 2.5 kV
C37.90.1.2002 Damped oscillatory wave Common Mode, 1 kV Differential Mode, 1MHz
disturbance tests Tested on : Power-line, FL - Digital, FL - Analog
inputs, Relay
Passed with : Criteria A
IEC 61000-4-12 Ring wave test Tested to IEC 61000-4-12, Tested for Level 3,+/-
2 kV Common Mode, 1 kV Differential Mode,
100KHz
Tested on Power-line, FL - Digital, FL - Analog
inputs, Relay
Passed with : Criteria A
IEC 61000-4-5 Surge test Tested to IEC 61000-4-5 ,Tested for Class 4, I/O
4 KV Common Mode, 2KV Differential Mode
Tested on Power-line, FL - Digital, FL -Analog
inputs, Relay
Passed with : Criteria A
ENV 50204 Immunity to EMI from digital Tested to ENV 50204, Tested for level 3, 10 V/m,
radio telephones @900 MHz +/- 5 MHz, @1890 MHz +/- 10 MHz
keyed at frequency 200 Hz +/- 1%, 50% duty
cycle [2.5 ms ON 2.5 ms OFF].
Tested on Complete Device
Passed with : Criteria A
IEC 60255-5 Clause 6 Dielectric test Tested to 2.5kV for 1 minute, Tested for 2.5 kV for
ANSI IEEE C37.90 1989 SWC dielectric Power-port, FL - Digital inputs, Relay, and 1 kV for
tests isolated communication ports (RS232 & RS485).
No flashover or breakdown occurred.
IEC 60255-5 Clause 7 Insulation test Tested to apply 500 VDC with respect to Earth.
Tested on Power port, FL - Digital inputs and
Relay.
The impedance was greater than 100Mohms.
IEC 60255-5 Clause 8 Impulse voltage test Tested to +/-5 kV, 0.5 J.
Tested on: Power-line, FL - digital inputs and
Relay.
No flashover or breakdown occurred.
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Appendix A Technical Specifications
IEC 60068-2-1/EN60068-2-1 Cold tests Tested for Cold Storage -45C (49F) for 96 hours
Cold Operating: -5C (23F) for 16 hours
Tested on Complete Device
IEC 60068-2-6 Vibration tests Tested for 2g Acceleration, frequency is 10- 150
HZ, 20 sweep cycles in each of three mutually
perpendicular planes (x, y, and z).
Tested on Complete Device
IEC 60068-2 Cyclic Temperature Test Tested for Cyclic Temperature test for a 5 cycles.
Each cycle has 3 hours for 70 degrees & 3 hours
for -5 degree in Power off Condition
Tested on Complete Device
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Appendix B TWS FL-8 Functions
Appendix B
TWS FL-8 Functions
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Appendix B TWS FL-8 Functions
FL External Trigger
If there is any fault on the input line a record will be formed on the corresponding line
module and it is identified as external trigger.
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Appendix B TWS FL-8 Functions
FL Diagnostic Trigger
Diagnostic trigger can be initiated from iQ+ software and is used to test the hardware
circuitry. Initiation of a diagnostic trigger will generate two records in each line module, one
for negative pulse and one for positive pulse.
FL Digital Inputs
FL digital inputs are used to identify the priority of the external trigger occurred. When there
is a digital input transition to alarm state from normal state in a line module soon after the
fault trigger occurrence on the same line module within the configured time window, then
that particular record (as well as log entry) for fault trigger is marked as HIGH priority, else
the record is marked as LOW priority.
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Appendix B TWS FL-8 Functions
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Appendix B TWS FL-8 Functions
Note The user may be prompted for a password to access this Web page.
Select all records by clicking on the individual check boxes and then click the Delete
selected data from system button.
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Appendix C Recording Data Rates and Memory Consumption Rates
Appendix C
Recording Data Rates and Memory
Consumption Rates
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Appendix C Recording Data Rates and Memory Consumption Rates
Memory Assigned (in Number of line Sampling Rate (in Total number of
terms of GB) modules terms of MHz) records in each
line module
3.5 8 20 273
3.5 8 10 546
3.5 8 5 1091
3.5 8 2.5 2178
3.5 8 1.25 4338
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Appendix D License Information
Appendix D
License Information
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Appendix D License Information
Note For the purpose of this manual, the URL shown here has a device with the IP address
192.168.1.11. Therefore, the URL should be similar to the following sample URL:
<http://192.168.1.11/mfgindex.html>
On the Web page by default, it displays System Information. The software will prompt the
user to modify the existing license. The instructions in the next section describe how to
modify a TWS FL-8 license.
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Appendix D License Information
2. On the System Information page, enter the customer ID and order number. This
information is provided by the sales representative.
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Appendix D License Information
5. The licensing authority sends back a <serial_number.xml> file. Save this file on the
computer.
6. Using the Browse button, locate the file, and click Install license.
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Appendix D License Information
7. The license is transferred to the TWS FL-8 devices file system and the device restarts.
To return to the main System Information page, refresh the Web page.
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Appendix E Battery Replacement Procedure
Appendix E
Battery Replacement Procedure
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Appendix E Battery Replacement Procedure
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Appendix E Battery Replacement Procedure
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Appendix F On-Board LED Functionalities and CPU MMI Modes
Appendix F
On-Board LED Functionalities and CPU MMI Modes
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Appendix F On-Board LED Functionalities and CPU MMI Modes
D704 D38
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Appendix F On-Board LED Functionalities and CPU MMI Modes
In the 1 CPU mode, the CPU must be connected to the first UART port (refer to legend J1
on MMI card).
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Appendix F On-Board LED Functionalities and CPU MMI Modes
Figure F.2 MMI Card Dip Switch (S1) and First UART Port (J1)
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Appendix G On-Board Jumper Settings
Appendix G
On-Board Jumper Settings
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Appendix G On-Board Jumper Settings
5 GPS PPS J704 Mount GPS PPS TEST Used for GPS-PPS Unmount
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Appendix G On-Board Jumper Settings
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Appendix G On-Board Jumper Settings
Jumper Default
Sl No. Purpose Position Description
Legend Selection
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Appendix H Line Modules
Appendix H
Line Modules
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Appendix H Line Modules
FL-2 Card
Figure H.1 FL-2 and FL-4 Cards
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Appendix H Line Modules
FL-8 Card
FL-6 Card
Figure H.2 FL-6 and FL-8 Cards
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Appendix H Line Modules
Figure H.3 Mounted FL Cards (clockwise from top left, FL-2, FL-4, FL-6 and FL-8)
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References
References
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References
References
For Configuration forms, refer to the document 36-8218-xx.
For details of error log messages/codes and their meanings, refer to the document
40-08576-01.
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About QUALITROL
QUALITROL Field Services
QUALITROL provides on-site commissioning/ start-up and comprehensive maintenance contracts to all customers
worldwide. To further improve reliability, an extended warranty is available on selected products commissioned by
QUALITROL .
QUALITROL Educational Services
QUALITROL professional training (designed to achieve hands-on performance based objectives) prepares operations,
maintenance, and engineering personnel to install, test, configure, operate and maintain QUALITROL products.
QUALITROL Accelerated Delivery
QUALITROL provides accelerated delivery on many products and services including replacements, spare parts and
repairs.
About QUALITROL
QUALITROL manufactures substation and transformer monitoring and protection devices used by electric utilities and
manufacturing companies. It is the global leader in sales and installations of transformer asset protection equipment, fault
recorders and fault locators. Established in 1945, QUALITROL produces thousands of different types of products on
demand, each customized to customers' unique requirements.
2012 QUALITROL Company LLC, an ISO 9001 system certified company. All rights reserved. Information subject to change without notice.
All trademarks are properties of their respective companies, as noted herein. 40-08591-01
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