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P184 Palumbo, Hermes Neri.

Nossas Brasileirinhas - As Abelhas nativas./Hermes Neri Palumbo. Curitiba, 2015

69p.:il.

1. Abelhas Indgenas sem ferro. 2. Abelhas Nativas. 3. Estudo das abelhas nativas.
4. Vida e criao das abelhas nativas. 5. Tcnicas e manejo das abelhas nativas. 6.
Predadores abelhas nativas. 7. Produto das abelhas nativas. 8. Aproveitamento do
Mel. 9. Perspectivas da Meliponicultura no Brasil. I. Palumbo, Hermes Neri. Titulo.

CDU: 638.1
Sumrio
Apresentao e Agradecimentos 7
1. Abelhas indgenas sem ferro 11
2. Estudo das abelhas 12
3. Aspectos da meliponicultura no Brasil 19
4. Abelhas sem ferro - diferenas bsicas com Apis 19
5. Biologia da Apis e Meliponinae 20
6. Distribuio Geogrfica 21
7. A vida das abelhas indgenas 22
8. A criao das abelhas indgenas 31
9. Tcnicas para criar melipondeos 35
10. Tcnicas de manejo 43
11. Predadores 47
12. Os produtos das abelhas 51
13. O aproveitamento do mel 54
14. As perspectivas da meliponicultura no Brasil 60
Anexos 60
Bibliografia 71
Apresentao e Agradecimentos
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9
Nossas brasileirinhas
As abelhas nativas

10
1. Abelhas indgenas sem ferro
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Figura 1: Mandaaia (Melpona quadrifasciata) na lor de margarido.

11
2. Estudo das abelhas
a. Morfologia externa

Figura 2: O corpo da abelha formado por trs partes.

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12
Figura 3: Olhos da abelha.

A abelha no pisca, por isso tem olhar ixo. A posio dos olhos e o nmero de
omatdeos fazem com que enxergue simultaneamente para todos os lados.

O nmero de omatdeos varia:

Operria - 6.300
Rainha - 3.000
Zango - 13.000

A abelha possui duas antenas divididas em segmentos com cavidades olfativas, e

plos sensitivos. Tem por funo o sentido do tato, da audio e at do gosto. As cavidades
olfativas so responsveis pela percepo dos odores.

Figura 4:Pedicelo

13
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Figura 5: Lingua.
Trax:
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HVWi[DGRXPSDUGHSHUQDV

14
Figura 6: Asas com detalhes dos Hmulos | Figura 7: Perna - Detalhe da corbcula na 3 perna

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15
 b. Morfologia interna

Figura 8: Abelha - Disposio dos rgos internos

Ref.: Legenda
01 Aorta
02 Corao
03 Saco traqueal
04 Bolsa melfera
05 Vaso dorsal
06 Intestino
07 Glndulas de veneno
08 Ferro
09 Unhas para aderir s superfcies rugosas
10 Estigmas
11 Glndios nervosos
12 Ventosas para aderir s paredes lisas
13 Esfago
14 Aparelho bucal
15 Faringe
16 Gnglios nervosos que funcionam como crebro

16
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*OkQGXODV VDOLYDUHV UHVSRQViYHLV SHOD SURGXomR GH VDOLYD TXH DX[LOLD QD
WUDQVIRUPDomRGHQpFWDUHPPHO
*OkQGXODV PDQGLEXODUHV OLJDGDV j UHPRomR H PDQLSXODomR GD FHUD H GD
SUySROLVHUHPRomRGRUHYHVWLPHQWRROHRVRGRSyOHQ

 1RLQWHULRUGRDEG{PHQHQFRQWUDPVH
 1DRSHUiULDJOkQGXODVFHUtJHQDVVmRRLWRSDSRRXYHVtFXODPHOtIHUDYHQWUtFXOR
LQWHVWLQR GHOJDGR JOkQGXOD GH FKHLUR UHWR WXERV GH 0DOSLJKL WUDTXHLDV H HVSLUiFXORV
SURYHQWUtFXORQDUDLQKDKiDLQGDRVRYiULRVRRYLGXWRDHVSHUPDWHFDHDYDJLQDQR]DQJmR
RVyUJmRVVH[XDLVPDVFXOLQRV

Aparelho digestivo:
 e XP WXER FRQWtQXR GD ERFD DR kQXV FRP UHJL}HV GLIHUHQFLDGDV HP yUJmRV
FRP GLIHUHQWHV QDOLGDGHV e IRUPDGR SRU IDULQJH HV{IDJR HVW{PDJR RX SDSR GH PHO
SURYHQWUtFXORYHQWUtFXORLQWHVWLQRGHOJDGRLQWHVWLQRJURVVRRXUHWR$TXLWDPEpPH[LVWHP
yUJmRVDVVRFLDGRV

Aparelho circulatrio:
 $VDEHOKDVSRVVXHPXPVLVWHPDFLUFXODWyULRGRWLSRDEHUWRLVWRpRVDQJXHFLUFXOD
OLYUHPHQWH SHOR LQWHULRU GR FRUSR H GRV DSrQGLFHV RFXSDQGR RV HVSDoRV Dt H[LVWHQWHV
$SUHVHQWDDSHQDVXPYDVRGRUVDOIHFKDGRQDSDUWHSRVWHULRUHDEHUWRQDDQWHULRUORFDOL]DGR
DRORQJRGDOLQKDGRUVDO3RVVXHPVDQJXHIULRFKDPDGRKHPROLQID

Aparelho nervoso:
 eXPDUHGHTXHVHHVWHQGHSRUWRGRRFRUSRGHVGHDVDQWHQDVDWpRIHUUmRFDVR
H[LVWDeFRPSRVWRSHORFpUHEURHVHWHJkQJOLRVQHUYRVRV'HVWDUHGHGHSHQGHDUHDomRGDV
DEHOKDV D GLYHUVRV HVWtPXORV ROIDWLYRV YLVXDLV WiWHLV DOpP GR IXQFLRQDPHQWR KDUP{QLFR
GRVGLYHUVRVyUJmRVePXLWRGHVHQYROYLGRSRLVDVDEHOKDVGHWHFWDPDVDOWHUDo}HVGRPHLR
DPELHQWHPXLWRDQWHVTXHRVRXWURVDQLPDLVSRVVDPSHUFHEHU

Aparelho respiratrio:
$VDEHOKDVQmRSRVVXHPSXOP}HVPDVGLVS}HPGHPHLRVSDUDUHDOL]DUDUHVSLUDomR
RQGHRVP~VFXORVLQWHUQRVID]HPSUHVVmRVREUHRVyUJmRVUHVSLUDWyULRVH[SXOVDQGR RDUGH
GHQWURGRFRUSR4XDQGRHVWHVYROWDPjSRVLomRQRUPDORVyUJmRVYROWDPDDXPHQWDUGH
WDPDQKRRFDVLRQDQGRDHQWUDGDGHDUSHORVHVSLUiFXORVVHQGRGLVWULEXtGRSHORFRUSRDWp
FKHJDUjVFpOXODV

17
 Ciclo evolutivo de algumas espcies de abelhas

Espcie Ovo at adulto

5DLQKD 2SHUiULD =DQJmR

Apis mellifera GLDV GLDV GLDV
7L~ED(M. compressipes) GLDV GLDV 
0DQGDoDLD(M. quadrifasciata) GLDV GLDV GLDV

Diviso do trabalho em alguns Melipondeos e Apis

0DQGDoDLD 8UXF~(M. scutelaris) Apis mellifera

(M. quadrifasciata)
3ULPHLUDV KRUDV /LPSH]D /LPSH]D FRUSRUDO  DR  GLD ID[LQHLUDV
FRUSRUDO LQFXEDomR FRQVWUXomR GH OLPSH]D H UHIRUPD GH
FpOXODV DSURYLVLRQDPHQWR FpOXODV
GHFpOXODV
 DR  GLD ,QFXEDomR $Wp R  GLD VmR OL[HLUDV  DR  GLD FR]LQKHLUDV
WUDEDOKDPFRPFHUDOLPSDP WUDEDOKDP QD OLPSH]D GR DOLPHQWDPFRPPHOHSyOHQ
IDYRV UHWLUDP IXQGRV GH QLQKR ODUYDVFRPGHGLDV
DOYpRORV
 DR  GLD FRQVWURHP  DR  GLD VmR DPDV
OLPSDP R QLQKR H FXLGDP GD UDLQKD H
DSURYLVLRQDPDOLPHQWDP D DOLPHQWDPDVODUYDVFRPDWp
UDLQKD WUrVGLDV
 DR  GLD DOLPHQWDP  GLD VmR JXDUGDV H  DR  GLD SURGX]HP
D UDLQKD DV RSHUiULDV UHFHSWRUDVGHQpFWDU FHUDHFRQVWURHPIDYRV
MRYHQVHDGXOWDVLQFXEDPH
WUDEDOKDPFRPFHUD
 DR  GLD WUDEDOKDP  DR  GLD WUDEDOKDP
FRP FHUD VmR OL[HLUDV FRPRJXDUGDV
UHFHSWRUDV GH QpFWDU
JXDUGDV FDUUHJDP R OL[R
SDUDIRUD
DRGLDSDVVDPDVHU  GLD DWp D PRUWH VmR
FDPSHLUDV H WUDEDOKDP QRV FDPSHLUDV
GLVFRVGHFULD

18
 A longevidade varia de acordo com a espcie:
2SHUiULD$WpGLDVDSyVVDtGDGDFROPHLD
5DLQKD$WpFLQFRDQRVHPPpGLDDSHQDVGRLVDQRV
=DQJmR$WpGLDVTXDQGRDRUDGDpERDRXKiDEXQGkQFLDGHDOLPHQWR
QDFROPHLDDFULWpULRGDVRSHUiULDV

3. Aspectos da meliponicultura no Brasil

 &RXEHDXPtQGLRSDWD[yRIHUHFHUD&DEUDOXPDFDEDoDGHPHOGHDEHOKD8UXo~
TXDQGRGHVXDFKHJDGDDR%UDVLOHPQDUHJLmRGH3RUWR6HJXUR
 2VHVWDGRVGRQRUWHHQRUGHVWHGR%UDVLOGHVGHWHPSRVLPHPRULDLVVHPSUHIRUDP
GHWHQWRUHVGHJUDQGHVHVWRTXHVGHDEHOKDVVHPIHUUmRTXHSURGX]LDPHQRUPHVTXDQWLGDGHV
GH PHO GH IRUPLGiYHO SDODGDU H VDERU FKHJDQGR D H[SRUWDU PHO SDUD 3RUWXJDO GXUDQWH R
SHUtRGRFRORQLDO
 5HVVDOWDVHTXHRDGRoDQWHGDDQWLJXLGDGHVHPSUHIRLRPHO
 2Do~FDUSDVVDYDFRPRGRWHHHUDFRQWURODGRSHODVERWLFDV
 3RVWHULRUPHQWHD FDQDWRPRXROXJDUGRPHOIDFHDRVHXGHVHQYROYLPHQWR$VVLPj
PHGLGDTXHDSURGXomRGRDo~FDUFUHVFHXRPHOFDLXHPGHVXVRSRUpPQXQFDGHL[RXGHVHU
SURGX]LGRHFRQVXPLGRHPHVSHFLDOSHORVFULDGRUHVGHDEHOKDVQRVFRUWLoRV
 2%UDVLOFKHJRXDSURGX]LUYLQKRGHPHOHPPHDGRVGRVpFXOR;9,,,HPHOGH
DEHOKDVVLOYHVWUHVMiTXHDVDEHOKDVFRPIHUUmRHQWUDUDPQRSDtVVyHP
 $FULDomRGHVVDVDEHOKDVQDUHDOLGDGHHUDSUDWLFDGDGHPDQHLUDEDVWDQWHHPStULFD
FRPR DLQGD KRMH VH ID] (VWH IDWR QmR DMXGRX R PHOKRUDPHQWR GR PDQHMR DR FRQWUiULR
FRQWULEXLXSDUDGLPLQXLURHVWRTXHGHVVDVDEHOKDV
 )RJRGHUUXEDGDGHHQRUPHViUYRUHVHRYHUGDGHLURVDTXHSUDWLFDGRSHORVPHOHLURV
TXH UHWLUDP RV SRWHV GH PHO H GHL[DYDP DV FULDV SDUD VHUHP GHYRUDGDV SHODV IRUPLJDV H
RXWURV LQVHWRVIRUDPFRQWULEXLQGRFRPRIDWRUHVGHGLPLQXLomRJUDGDWLYDGRVPHOLSRQtGHRV
'HYHPRVFRQVLGHUDUTXHHVVHSURFHVVRYHPDFRQWHFHQGRGXUDQWHVpFXORV

Meleiros:
 6mR FKDPDGRV GH PHOHLURV RV LQGLYtGXRV TXH PHVPR QmR WHQGR FRQKHFLPHQWR
GRDVVXQWRVHS}HDWLUDUHQ[DPHVRXQDPDLRULDGDVYH]HVH[WUDLURPHOGDVDEHOKDV
GHVWUXLQGRRQLQKRHDVYH]HVGHUUXEDQGRDiUYRUH2REMHWLYR~QLFRpRGHDXIHULUOXFURSHOD
YHQGDGRPHO
 (VWH PHO DVVLP H[WUDtGR VHP DV PtQLPDV FRQGLo}HV GH KLJLHQH p VXMHLWR D UiSLGD
IHUPHQWDomR
2PHOHLURpXPSUHGDGRUHGRVPDLVSHULJRVRVSRLVFRQIRUPHDUHJLmRSURYrVHX
VXVWHQWRSHODSUHGDomRGDVDEHOKDVVHPIHUUmRHPQDGDFRQWULEXLQGRSDUDDQDWXUH]DDR
FRQWUiULRFRPRMiFLWDGRDMXGDQGRQDVXDGLVWUXLomR

19
4. Abelhas sem ferro - diferenas bsicas com Apis
Gnero Apis Gnero Melpona
3RVVXLIHUUmR 1mRSRVVXLIHUUmR
1GHDEHOKDVDPLOSRUFROPHLD  1 GH DEHOKDV GH  D  SRU
FROPHLD
)D]HPPHOHPIDYRVNJSRUFROPHLD )D]HPHDUPD]HQDPPHOHPSRWHVD
OLWURVDQR
 3URGX]HP FHUD QR DEG{PHQ QD SDUWH 3URGX]HPDFHUDQRGRUVRGRDEG{PHQ
YHQWUDOGRDEG{PHQ
&RQVWURHPRVIDYRVQDYHUWLFDO &RQVWURHPRGLVFRGHFHUDHSRWHVFRP
PHOHSyOHQQDKRUL]RQWDO
 $ UDLQKD S}H RV RYRV QR IXQGR GR  $ UDLQKD S}H R RYR VRE R HOHPHQWR
DOYpRORVHPDOLPHQWR ODUYDORRYRXWXDQHVVHDOLPHQWR
2RYRFDQRDOYpRORVHPVHUIHFKDGR 2DOYpRORORJRDSyVDSRVWXUDpWDPSDGR
HODFUDGRSHODVRSHUiULDV
2PHOSRVVXLGHDGHXPLGDGH 2PHOSRVVXLGHDGHXPLGDGH
2PHOGH$SLVFULVWDOL]D  2 PHO GH PHOLSRQtGHRV GLFLOPHQWH
FULVWDOL]D
 &RPHoD D FRQVWUXLU RV IDYRV GH FLPD  &RPHoD D FRQVWUXLU R QLQKR GH EDL[R
SDUDEDL[R SDUDFLPDMXQWDPHQWHFRPRVSRWHV

5. Biologia da Apis e Meliponinae

Apis Meliponinae
9LYHHPPpGLDGHDGLDV 9LYHHPPpGLDDWpGLDV
$UDLQKDQDVFHFRPGLDV $UDLQKDQDVFHHPPpGLDFRPGLDV
2]DQJmRQDVFHFRPGLDV 2]DQJmRQDVFHHPPpGLDFRPGLDV
$RSHUiULDQDVFHFRPGLDV $RSHUiULDQDVFHHPPpGLDFRPGLDV
 2 ]DQJmR p  YH] R WDPDQKR GD 2]DQJmRpGRWDPDQKRGDVRSHUiULDV
RSHUiULD

20
  2 ]DQJmR p JUDQGH H DUUHGRQGDGR RV $GLIHUHQoDHQWUHR]DQJmRHDRSHUiULDp
ROKRVVmRJUDQGHVHQmRSRVVXLFRUEtFXOD TXHDRSHUiULDSRVVXLSUREyFLGHERFDHP
QmRFROHWDSyOHQQmRGHVLGUDWDQpFWDUQmR YpUWLFH QR ]DQJmR p DUUHGRQGDGR 3RVVXL
SURGX] FHUD $OLPHQWDVH SRU  DEHOKDV FRUEtFXOD 2 ]DQJmR SRGH FROHWDU SyOHQ
6yIHUWLOL]DDUDLQKDYLUJHP0RUUHQRDWR SURGX]LUFHUDHGHVLGUDWDUQpFWDU6HXSDSHO
GDIHUWLOL]DomR SULQFLSDOpIHUWLOL]DUDUDLQKDYLUJHP0RUUH
XPGLDDSyVRDWRGHIHUWLOL]DomR
 $ FDL[D REHGHFH VHPSUH DV PHVPDV 2WDPDQKRGDVFDL[DV YDULDVHJXQGRD
GLPHQV}HV HVSpFLH
$VUDLQKDVQDVFLGDVQDFROPHLDHIHWXDP  $V UDLQKDV QDVFLGDV QD FROPHLD VmR
HQ[DPHDomR DSURYHLWDGDVDOJXPDVVmRPRUWDV

 &$,;$6 FRUUHVSRQGHP DR WDPDQKR GH XPD FDL[D YD]LD VHP DEHOKDV &2/0(,$ XPD FDL[D FRP DEHOKDV
PRUDQGR

6. Distribuio Geogrfica

Figura 9: Origem e distribuio dos Melipondeos nos continentes

 2JrQHUR$SLVHVWiSUHVHQWHHHVSDOKDGRHPWRGRRSODQHWD2JrQHUR0HOLSRQLQDH
HQFRQWUDVHQDUHJLmRWURSLFDOHVXEWURSLFDOHDFUHGLWDVHTXHWHQKDVHRULJLQDGRQR%UDVLO
 ([LVWHPJrQHURVHPDLVGHHVSpFLHVGDVTXDLVVmRGDEDFLDDPD]{QLFD
 $IDPtOLD0HOLSRQLQDHWHPFHQWHQDVGHHVSpFLHVHVSDOKDGDVSRUYiULDVUHJL}HVGR
PXQGRDIDPtOLD$SLQDHDRTXDOSHUWHQFHj$SLVPHOOLIHUDSRVVXLDSHQDVRLWR
 2V PHOLSRQtQHRV IRUPDP XP JUXSR PDLV LVRODGR H PDLV HVSHFLDOL]DGR FXMRV
LQGLYtGXRVGHSHQGHPPDLVGDVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVFOLPiWLFDVHRUtVWLFDVGDVXDUHJLmRGHRULJHP
GRTXHRV$SLQDHTXHVmRPDLVUHVLVWHQWHV
 'DV PDLV GH  HVSpFLHV GH PHOLSRQtQHRV FRQKHFLGRV SHOR PHQRV  FRUUHP

21
SHULJRGHH[WLQomRGHYLGRjGHVWUXLomRGRVHXKDELWDWSHORKRPHP
 (VVDVHVSpFLHVHVWmRHVSDOKDGDVGHVGHR5LR*UDQGHGR6XODWpRFHQWURGR
0p[LFRPDLVIULFDQGLD0DOiVLD,QGRQpVLDH$XVWUiOLD
 $JUDQGHIDPtOLD0HOLSRQLQDHVHGLYLGHHPGXDVWULERV0HOLSRQLQLH7ULJRQLQL

 $OJXQVQRPHVFRPXQVHFLHQWtFRVGHHVSpFLHVFRQKHFLGDVHFULDGDVQR%UDVLO

NOME VULGAR NOME CIENTFICO

1 - TRIBO MELIPONINI

*XDUDLSR Melpona bicolor

8UXo~DPDUHOD%XJLD 0HOtSRQDUXYHQWULV
0DQGXUL Melpona marginata
0DQGDoDLD Melpona quadrifasciata, quadrifasciata

2 - TRIBO TRIGONINI

-DWDt,WDMDt,QKDWL0RVTXLWLQKR Tetragonisca angustula, angustula.

,UDL Nannotrigona testaceicornis
0DQGDJXDUL Scaptotrigona postica
7XMXPLULP Scaptotrigona xanthotricha
7XEXQD Scaptotrigona bipuntacta
,UDSXi$UDSXi Trigona spinipes
7DWDtUDFDJDIRJR Oxitrigona tatara

7. A vida das abelhas indgenas

 2VQLQKRVGDVDEHOKDVVHPIHUUmRYDULDPGHDFRUGRFRPDHVSpFLHHSRGHPVHU
Ninhos internos:&RQVWUXtGRVQRVRFRVGDViUYRUHVSDUHGHVFXSLQ]HLURV
IRUPLJXHLURV EXUDFRV QD WHUUD FDWDFXPEDV HP SQHXV FXLDV H RXWURV
OXJDUHVTXHWHQKDPXPHVSDoRYD]LRLQWHUQRHVHMDDEULJDGR9LGH JXUDV
$H%

22
Figura 10: Ninho de Mirim (Plebeia sp) em oco de rvore.

Figura 10A: Entrada de ninho de Jata (Tetragonisca angustula) em espao vazio de embalagem.
Figura 10B: Entrada de ninho de Jata da Terr (Paratrigona subnuda).

23
 Ninhos externos:FRPRRGD,UDSXiTrigona spinipes

Figura 11: Entrada do ninho de Irapu.

Figura 11A: Ninho de Irapu construdo sobre galhos.

Ninhos semi externos: VmR QLQKRV FRQVWUXtGRV SUHVRV HP PRLWDV GH
DUEXVWRVFRPRRGD%RFDGH6DSR(Partamona helleri)

Figura 12: Na natureza.

Figura 12A: Em caixa racional.

24
 Arquitetura dos ninhos:

Figura 13: Todos os Melipondeos sociais tem basicamente esta estrutura em seus ninhos.

A estrutura do ninho comum as diferentes espcies, e formada por:

Entrada: que pode se apresentar como um tubo de cera; como uma
pequena salincia com um furo no centro; como um buraco com raias
concntricas de barro.
Qualquer que seja o tipo de entrada, no interior do ninho existe outro tubo (tnel)
que varia de tamanho e largura, e vai at a base dos discos de cria.
Discos de cria;
Potes de plen;
Potes de mel;
Invlucro (camada de cera inssima que cobre os discos de cria);
Batume (limite do ninho feito com prpolis, barro e cera);
Cerume (mistura de cera e prpolis) usado na confeco dos potes de
plen e mel;
Pilastras ou colunas;
Depsito de lixo;

25
 Ciclo de Vida

Postura:
Como apenas uma rainha usada na enxameao, se constitui em um verdadeiro
seguro de vida, investido pelas abelhas para garantir a sua sobrevivncia.
S aps trs a dez dias da morte ou retirada da Rainha que as abelhas se do conta
que esto rfs. Na tribo meliponini param de matar e expulsar rainhas virgens.
Ao aceitar uma delas, esta faz o vo nupcial e aps o acasalamento com um s
macho volta colmeia.
A partir de sua volta entra em processo de superalimentao, fornecido pelas
operrias.
As operrias constroem as clulas de cria abastecendo-as com plen, mel e secreo
das glndulas excrinas at do volume das mesmas.
A rainha pe os ovos sob este liquido larval e aps, as operrias lacram a clula.

Metamorfose:

26
 Desenvolvimento da abelha nativa de ovo a adulto:
4XDQGR R RYR HFORGH D ODUYD SDVVD SRU XP SURFHVVR GH GHVHQYROYLPHQWR
DOLPHQWDQGRVHGRDOLPHQWRHVWRFDGRQDFpOXODGHFULDDWpFKHJDUDIDVHGHSUpSXSD
$SUpSXSDLUiWHFHURVHXFDVXORHDFpOXODGHFULDFDUDIHFKDGDDWpRPRPHQWR
GDHPHUVmR
$SyVFHUWRWHPSRRDGXOWRHPHUJH
 $VIDVHVGHGHVHQYROYLPHQWRVmRGLIHUHQWHVFRQIRUPHDHVSpFLH

Determinao do sexo:
2VPDFKRVVmRFKDPDGRVGH]DQJ}HV
 6mRSURGX]LGRVDSDUWLUGHRYRVQmRIHFXQGDGRVyYXORVSRUWDQWRVmRKDSOyLGHV
LVWRVLJQLFDTXHWHPXPDVyFDUJDJHQpWLFDDGDPmH
 $VUDLQKDVHRSHUiULDVVmRSURGX]LGDVDSDUWLUGHRYRVIHFXQGDGRVVHQGRSRUWDQWR
GLSOyLGHV
 (PYiULDVHVSpFLHVDPDLRULDGRVPDFKRVGHXPDFROPHLDpSURGXWRGDSRVWXUDGDV
RSHUiULDVTXHDSHVDUGHVHUHPIrPHDVQmRIRUDPIHFXQGDGDVPDVDOJXPDVSRGHPSRURYRV
$RQDVFHUHPHOHVSHUPDQHFHPVREUHRVGLVFRVGHFULDSRUGRLVGLDVHVyVDHPGDFROPHLDDR
FRPSOHWDUHPVHXFLFORHHVWmRSURQWRVSDUDRDFDVDODPHQWR
 &DVRHOHVSHUPDQHoDPQDFROPHLDDSyVHVVHWHPSRDVRSHUiULDVQmRRVDOLPHQWDP
DJDUUDPQRVFRPVXDVPDQGtEXODVHRVMRJDPSDUDIRUD GDFROPHLDRQGHPRUUHPGHIRPH
RX VmRDWDFDGRVSRUIRUPLJDVHRXWURVLQLPLJRVQDWXUDLV

Determinao de castas:
 (PXPDFROPHLDVDGLDSRGHPVHUHQFRQWUDGDVWUrVHVSpFLHVGHFDVWDV2SHUiULDV
UDLQKDVH]DQJ}HV
 2TXHGHWHUPLQDDGLIHUHQFLDomRGDVFDVWDVQDVGLYHUVDVHVSpFLHVVmRGHWDOKHV
 $VVLPHP7ULJRQLQLDVODUYDVGHRSHUiULDVHUDLQKDVVmRJHQHWLFDPHQWHLJXDLV
 2 IDWRU UHVSRQViYHO SHOD GLIHUHQFLDomR GDV FDVWDV p D TXDQWLGDGH GH DOLPHQWR
UHFHELGRSHODODUYD$VODUYDVGHUDLQKDUHFHEHPXPDTXDQWLGDGHGHDOLPHQWRPDLRUTXHDV
GHRSHUiULDV
 1mRKiHYLGrQFLDGHGLIHUHQoDVTXDOLWDWLYDVHQWUHRVDOLPHQWRVUHFHELGRVSHODVGXDV
FDVWDV
 $VUDLQKDVVmRFULDGDVHPFpOXODVPDLRUHVTXHDVGHRSHUiULDVHPDFKRVHJHUDOPHQWH
HQFRQWUDPVHjPDUJHPGRVGLVFRVGHFULD
1RV0HOLSRQLQLQmRH[LVWHPUHDOHLUDVHDVUDLQKDVHPHUJHPGHFpOXODVGRPHVPR
WDPDQKRGDTXHODVRQGHHPHUJHPRSHUiULRVHPDFKRV
 6y VHUmR UDLQKDV DTXHOHV LQGLYtGXRV TXH DSUHVHQWDQGR GXDV KHWHUR]LJRVHV SDLV
SRUWDGRUHVGHFDUDFWHUHVJHQpWLFRVGLIHUHQWHVKtEULGRHUHFHEHPDOLPHQWRVXFLHQWHGXUDQWH
DIDVHODUYDO
 2V RXWURV TXH DSUHVHQWDUHP TXDOTXHU KRPR]LJRVH SDLV TXH VH DSUHVHQWDP FRP
FDUDFWHUHV JHQpWLFRV LJXDLV SXUR RX DLQGD RV GXSORV KHWHUR]LJRWRV SRXFR DOLPHQWDGRV
GDUmRRULJHPDRSHUiULDV

27
 Enxameao:
 eXPSURFHVVRQDWXUDOGHPXOWLSOLFDomRGDVDEHOKDV$HQ[DPHDomRFRPHoDDVVLP
$OJXPDVRSHUiULDVVDHPHPEXVFDGRORFDOSDUDDFRQVWUXomRGRQRYRQLQKR$SyVHQFRQWUDU
RORFDODSURSULDGRRQRYRQLQKRFRPHoDDVHUFRQVWUXtGRjVH[SHQVDVGRPDWHULDOUHWLUDGR
GDFRO{QLDPmH$FDGDGLDVHLQFRUSRUDPPDLVDEHOKDVjVTXHLQLFLDUDPRSURFHVVR
 6yGHSRLVGHHVWDUFRQVWUXtGDDHQWUDGDSRWHVLQYyOXFURHHVWDUDSURYLVLRQDGRR
QLQKRpTXHXPDUDLQKDYLUJHPGHL[DDFRO{QLDPmHHYDLSDUDRQRYRQLQKR(VWHWHPSRYDULD
FRQIRUPHDHVSpFLH(PPpGLDGLDV$OJXQVGLDVDSyVRY{RQXSFLDOHPTXHDUDLQKD
pIHUWLOL]DGDHLQLFLDDSRVWXUDHDQRYDFRO{QLDLQLFLDYLGDSUySULDEste conhecimento
bsico para o entendimento do processo de captura de enxames e/ou multiplicao

Comunicao e defesa:
 $VDEHOKDVVmRLQVHWRVVRFLDLVLVWRpYLYHPHPVRFLHGDGHHSRULVVRSUHFLVDPVH
FRPXQLFDU4XDQWRPHOKRUHODV]HUHPLVWRWDQWRPHOKRUVHUiDHFLrQFLDGRHQ[DPHWDQWR
SDUDDGHIHVDFRPRSDUDDUPD]HQDUDOLPHQWR$VVLPHODVDSUHVHQWDPGLYHUVDVPDQHLUDVGH
FRPXQLFDomRVHMDSDUDLGHQWLFDUIRQWHVGHDOLPHQWRIRQWHVGHiJXDRXORFDLVGHQLGLFDomR
8WLOL]DPVHGHUHFXUVRVVRQRURVTXtPLFRVYLVXDLVHFRQWDWRVItVLFRV
 $IRUPDPDLVSULPLWLYDGHFRPXQLFDomRRFRUUHFRPDV0DPDQJDYDVBombus sp
RQGHDVFDPSHLUDVFKHJDPDRQLQKRFRPDVFRUEtFXODVFKHLDVGHSyOHQ
 $V RSHUiULDV LUPmV FRPHP HVWH SyOHQ DLQGD QDV SDWDV GD FDPSHLUD H R RGRU GD
DPRVWUDGHSyOHQRULHQWDDVGHPDLVVREUHDORFDOL]DomRGDIRQWHGHRULJHP
 1mRLQGLFDGLVWkQFLDQHPRULHQWDomR
 $VDEHOKDVFRPRD0DUPHODGD0RoD%UDQFD)ULHVHRPHOLWWDYDULDHD-DWDtTetragonisca
angustulaLQIRUPDPjVFRPSDQKHLUDVDVVLPTXHFKHJDPjFROPHLD
 $VRSHUiULDVFRUUHPEDWHQGRVHXPDQDVRXWUDV'HVWDIRUPDHVSDOKDPRFKHLURGR
DOLPHQWR$FRUUHULDLQGLFDTXHDTXHOHDOLPHQWRHVWiGLVSRQtYHOHPDOJXPOXJDU
 $VDEHOKDV0LULPPRVTXLWRPlebia mosquito6PLWKHDSUySULD-DWDtT. angustula
FKHJDPjFRO{QLDFRUUHQGRHEDWHQGRQDVRXWUDV
 'XUDQWHHVVH]LJ]DJHODVSURGX]HPXPVRPHVWLPXODQGRRXWUDVRSHUiULDVDVDLUGR
QLQKRSDUDSURFXUDUXPDIRQWHGHDOLPHQWRFRPRPHVPRRGRU
 2XWUDVDOpPGHHVWLPXODUHPYROWDPiIRQWHFRPRDEHOKDJXLDDFRPSDQKDGDSRU
GLYHUVDVRSHUiULDV1RWUDMHWRDJXLDOLEHUDQRDUXPDVXEVWkQFLDTXHDX[LOLDDVGHPDLVHPVXD
RULHQWDomR
 (QWUH DV DEHOKDV ,UDL Nannotrigona testaceicornis D DEHOKD FDPSHLUD DR UHWRUQDU
UHSDUWH R DOLPHQWR FRP RXWUD RSHUiULD SURGX]LQGR XP VRP (VWDV GXDV UHSDUWHP FRP
PDLVRXWUDVGXDVHDVVLPHPFDGHLDDWpTXHXPJUXSRGHPDLVRXPHQRVDEHOKDVWHQKD
H[SHULPHQWDGR GR DOLPHQWR H FRQKHoDP VHX RGRU 'XUDQWH D GLVWULEXLomR Ki VHPSUH D
SURGXomR GR VRP FDUDFWHUtVWLFR HP VHJXLGD DV  DEHOKDV YRDP SDUD WRGRV RV ODGRV HP
EXVFDGDIRQWH
 $OJXPDVRSHUiULDVYROWDPSDUDFDVDHUHGLVWULEXHPSDUDDTXHODVTXHQmRDFKDUDPH
SDUDPDLVRXWURORWHGHDEHOKDV
 (VVHSURFHVVRpUHSHWLGRDWpTXHXPDERDTXDQWLGDGHGHRSHUiULDVHVWHMDFROHWDQGR
QDIRQWH(VWDVRSHUiULDVVmRFKDPDGDVGH&DPSHLUDV
 1DV PHOtSRQDV 0DQGDoDLD M. quadrifaciata 8UXoX M. scutelaris 7L~ED M.
compressipes -DQGDtUD M. subnitida *XDUXS~ M. bicolor DV FDPSHLUDV FKHJDP j FRO{QLD

28
H GLVWULEXHP R DOLPHQWR D RXWUDV RSHUiULDV ID]HQGR XP VRP FDUDFWHUtVWLFR TXH LQGLFD D
GLVWkQFLDGDIRQWH4XDQWRPDLVORQJRpRVRPPDLVGLVWDQWHpDIRQWH
 1DIRQWHDRSHUiULDDSyVHQFKHURSDSRGHQpFWDUPDUFDDRUFRPXPDVHFUHomR
YRDSRUXPRXGRLVPHWURVHPDUFDQRYDPHQWHHFRQIRUPHDHVSpFLHPDUFD XPDWHUFHLUD
YH]LVVRDMXGDDVQRYDWDVDHQFRQWUDUDIRQWHIRUPDQGRXPDYHUGDGHLUDWULOKDGHFKHLUR

Defesa:
 2VPHOLSRQtGHRVVmRFRQKHFLGRVFRPRDVDEHOKDVVHPIHUUmR$6)RTXHQRVGi
DLPSUHVVmRTXHQmRWrPGHIHVD(QWUHWDQWRDSUHVHQWDPFRPSRUWDPHQWRVGHGHIHVD
 0XLWDVHVSpFLHVWrPRSHUiULDVTXHVHHQURODPQRFDEHORHSHORVJUXGDQGRUHVLQDH
PRUGHQGRRLQLPLJRIRUWHPHQWHSRUH[HPSORD0DQGDJXDULScaptotrigona postica$PRUGLGD
pWmRIRUWHHPDOJXPDVHVSpFLHVTXHjVYH]HVDDEHOKDSHUGHRWyUD[HRDEG{PHQFDQGRD
FDEHoDHDPDQGtEXODVSUHVDVDRLQLPLJR(VVHFRPSRUWDPHQWRJHUDOPHQWHpDFRPSDQKDGR
SRUJUDQGHUHYRDGDDRUHGRUGRLQLPLJR
 8P PHFDQLVPR FXULRVR p XWLOL]DGR SRU 8UXo~ $PDUHOD 0HOtSRQD UXYHQWULV H
-DQGDtUD%RFDGH5HQGDMelipona seminigraFXMDVRSHUiULDVID]HPEROLQKDVGHUHVLQDHFHUD
HWDSDPDHQWUDGDGDFROPHLDHPXPDVLWXDomRGHSHULJRHVyUHWLUDPDVEROLQKDVTXDQGR
SDVVDRSHULJR
 $,UDWLPLestremellita limopDDEHOKDTXHWHPHVWHWLSRGHFRPSRUWDPHQWR
 (P &XSLUD 3UHWD Partamona testceaTXH FRQVWURH R QLQKR QR FKmR DV DEHOKDV
FRQVWURHP XP QLQKR IDOVR TXH HQJDQD R LQLPLJR WDPDQGXi WDWX (VWH QLQKR FD QD
FDPDGDPDLVH[WHUQDVHQGRTXHRQLQKRYHUGDGHLURVHORFDOL]DPDLVSURIXQGDPHQWH
 $ Trigona hipgea TXH WDPEpP ID] QLQKR QR FKmR FRORFD IH]HV QRV SRWHV PDLV
H[WHUQRVGRQLQKR4XDQGRRWDWXWHQWDFDYiORRFKHLURGDVIH]HVID]FRPTXHHOHGHVLVWD
 2FDVRPDLVDJUHVVLYRpRGD&DJDIRJROxytrigona tataraTXHSURGX]XPDVHFUHomR
FiXVWLFDiFLGRIyUPLFRQDVJOkQGXODVPDQGLEXODUHVOLEHUDQGRDVREUHRLQLPLJR
 (P0RFLQKD3UHWD7ULJRQDVLOYHVWULLDVRSHUiULDVVHQJHPGHPRUWDVTXDQGRVmR
DWDFDGDVSHUPDQHFHQGRLPyYHLVPRPHQWDQHDPHQWH
 0DQGDoDLDMelipona quadrifasciataFRORFDSHTXHQRVEORFRVGHEDUURSUy[LPRVGD
HQWUDGDGHPDQHLUDTXHWRGDUHJLmRDRUHGRUGDHQWUDGDTXHLQIHVWDGDGHPXVJRVHIXQJRV
GLVIDUoDQGRDHQWUDGDYHUGDGHLUD
 (P&XSLUD3UHWDPartamona testceaVXEHVSpFLHKHOOHULDVDEHOKDVFRQVWURHPVHX
QLQKRVREUHDVEURPpOLDVTXHID]HPXPGLVIDUFHGRQLQKRFRPDVIROKDV
 9iULDVHVSpFLHVFRPRD0DQGDoDLDMelipona quadrifasciata0DQGXULGH0DWR*URVVR
0HOLSRQD IDYRVD 8UXoX GR OLWRUDO EDLDQR Melipona scutellaris 8UXoX 0HOLSRQD UXYHQWULV
,UDWLPLestrimellita limoFRQVHJXHPLPLWDUDFRUGHRXWURVLQVHWRVPLPHWLVPR

29
Figura 15: Revoada em torno do inimigo.
Pilhagem:
 1DV DEHOKDV LQGtJHQDV H[LVWHP DV TXH QmR FROHWDP VHX DOLPHQWR QDV RUHV
URXEDQGRR GDV FRO{QLDV GH RXWUDV HVSpFLHV SRGHQGR DWp GHVWUXLU R QLQKR GDV HVSpFLHV
DWDFDGDVPDWDQGRWRGDVDVDEHOKDVGDFRO{QLD6mRDV,UDWLPRX$EHOKD/LPmRLestremellita
limao

30
8. A criao das abelhas indgenas
 3RUTXHFULDUDVDEHOKDVVHPIHUUmR"
 $VDEHOKDVLQGtJHQDVVHPIHUUmRSRGHPVHUFULDGDVFRPGLYHUVDVQDOLGDGHV
Diverso, ensino, pesquisa, interesse na comercializao de produtos da
colmeia, atividade de polinizao, preservao de espcies nativas.
 $ FULDomR UDFLRQDO p LGHDO SDUD SHTXHQRV SURGXWRUHV SRLV RFXSD SRXFR HVSDoR
DVDEHOKDVSRGHPVHULQVWDODGDVHPiUHDVUHVLGHQFLDLVRXUXUDLVRXDLQGDHPORFDLVRQGHp
LQYLiYHODFULDomRGHRXWURVDQLPDLV
 1mRKiOLPLWHGHSURSULHGDGHHODVH[SORUDPXPDiUHDGHPHWURVDNPHP
YROWDGRPHOLSRQiULR
 2LQYHVWLPHQWRLQLFLDOpPXLWRSHTXHQRRPDWHULDOLQLFLDOpREWLGRGHVXFDWDVHOL[R
UHFLFOiYHOGDSURSULHGDGH
 2V SURGXWRV REWLGRV VmR GH DOWR YDORU FRPHUFLDO H GH IiFLO FRPHUFLDOL]DomR
WRUQDQGRVHXPDyWLPDDOWHUQDWLYDSDUDDPHOKRULDGDTXDOLGDGHGHYLGDGDSRSXODomR
 $DWLYLGDGHGHSROLQL]DomRpDPDLVLPSRUWDQWHGDVIXQo}HVH[HUFLGDSHODVDEHOKDV
 e SHOD SROLQL]DomR TXH p JDUDQWLGD D SHUSHWXDomR GDV HVSpFLHV YHJHWDLV +i XP
YDVWRFDPSRDVHUH[SORUDGRQRXVRGDVDEHOKDVLQGtJHQDVSDUDDSROLQL]DomR GHHVSpFLHV
KRUWtFRODVLVWRpHVSpFLHVFXOWLYDGDV

Critrios para a seleo de espcies a serem criadas

3DUDDHVFROKDGDVHVSpFLHVTXH YDLFULDURQRYRPHOLSRQLFXOWRUGHYHGDUSUHIHUrQFLD
DVTXHVmRQDWLYDVQDUHJLmRDRQGHYDLVHORFDOL]DURPHOLSRQiULR2VPHOLSRQtGHRVVmRPXLWR
HVWUHLWDPHQWHDGDSWDGRVjVFRQGLo}HVHFROyJLFDVORFDLV,VWRPXLWRSURYDYHOPHQWHWHPDYHU
FRP D FDSDFLGDGH TXH HVWDV DEHOKDV WrP HP FRQWUDEDODQFHDU RV HIHLWRV GHVIDYRUiYHLV GDV
FRQGLo}HVDPELHQWDLV
 &RQIRUPHRKiELWRGDVHVSpFLHVUHJLRQDLVGHYHPVHUHVFROKLGDVDVTXHDSUHVHQWDP
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVDGHTXDGDVSDUDXPDFULDomRH[WHQVLYDGHPRGRUDFLRQDO
 3DUD D VHOHomR GD HVSpFLH TXH VH GHVHMD FULDU p QHFHVViULR OHYDU HP FRQWD DOJXQV
FULWpULRV

+iELWRVGHQLGLFDomR$VDEHOKDVYLYHPDVVRFLDGDVDQLQKRVGHRXWURVDQLPDLV
TXHID]HPQLQKRVH[SRVWRVRXVXEWHUUkQHRVVmRGHGLItFLOFULDomR

Hbitos indesejveis:$OJXPDVHVSpFLHVWrPRKiELWRGHFROHWDUH[FUHPHQWRVGH
DQLPDLV SDUD XVDU QD FRQVWUXomR RX FDODIHWDJHP GRV QLQKRV RXWUDV FROHWDP VXRU RXWUDV
DLQGD IRUDP REVHUYDGDV VXJDQGR VHFUHo}HV GH FDUFDoDV GH DQLPDLV PRUWRV +i DLQGD DV
DEHOKDVTXHFRUWDPJHPDVRUDLVHRUHVSRGHQGRVHUYHWRUHVGHGRHQoDVHQWUHDVSODQWDV

Agressividade:(PERUDVHPIHUUmRHODVVHGHIHQGHPGRVDJUHVVRUHVGHGLYHUVDV
PDQHLUDVHQURODPQRVFDEHORVGHSRVLWDPVXEVWkQFLDVUHVLQRVDVVREUHDSHOHOLEHUDPXPD
VHFUHomRFiXVWLFDQDSHOHTXHSRGHFDXVDULUULWDomRHPHVPRTXHLPDGXUDV
Espcies pilhadoras:+iDLQGDHVSpFLHVTXHYLYHPGHURXEDUGHRXWUDVFROPHLDV
LQFOXVLYHGHDEHOKDV$SLV

31
 Capacidade de polinizao das diversas espcies.
$SyVHVWDUHH[mRGHYHPRVDLQGDSURFXUDUDOJXQVFULDGRUHVHFRQYHUVDUVREUHDV
HVSpFLHVTXHHVWmRFULDQGRHVXDVFRQYHQLrQFLDVHVyHQWmRWRPDUXPDGHFLVmR

Nmero de colmeias por meliponrio

 $OJXQV SDUkPHWURV GHWHUPLQDP R Q~PHUR GH FRO{QLDV TXH GHYHPRV FULDU SRU
PHOLSRQiULR
 6HDFULDomRpFRQGX]LGDQDiUHDXUEDQDRXUXUDO
 $TXDQWLGDGHGHRUDTXHFLUFXQGDRORFDO
 $pSRFDGHRUDomR
 3ODQWDVSURGXWRUDVGHSyOHQ
 1mRGHYHH[LVWLUFULDomRGHDEHOKDVGRJrQHUR$SLVDSHORPHQRVNPGRORFDO
 6HH[LVWHP RXWURVFULDGRUHVDTXHGLVWkQFLDVHORFDOL]DPTXHHVSpFLHVSRVVXHPH
TXDQWDVFROPHLDVWrP
 $SyVUHVSRQGHUHVWHVTXHVLWRVpTXHSRGHPRVWHUXPDLGHLDGRQ~PHURGHFROPHLDV
DLQVWDODUHHVSpFLHVDFULDU

Importante
 2FULDGRUGHYHWHUVHPSUHFRQWDWRFRPRXWURVFULDGRUHVSDUDWURFDUGLVFRVGHFULD
HH[SHULrQFLD

Figura 16: Caractersticas do local ideal.

 'HSHQGHQGRGDQDOLGDGHRORFDOLGHDOVHHQFRQWUDORQJHGHFLGDGHVHPVtWLRVRX
ID]HQGDVRQGHSUHIHUHQFLDOPHQWHDLQGDH[LVWDPDWDQDWLYD
 $ LQVWDODomR GDV FROPHLDV GHYH VHU SUy[LPR D iUHD UHVLGHQFLDO GH WDO PRGR TXH
IDFLOLWHDYLVWRULD RPDQHMRHDJXDUGDGDVFROPHLDV
 $OJXPDVHVSpFLHVGHPHOLSRQtGHRVGHYHPVHUDFRPRGDGDVHPOXJDUHVVRPEUHDGRV
SRLVQHFHVVLWDPGHXPLGDGHQRVHXLQWHULRURXWUDVDRFRQWUiULRDSUHFLDPPDLVFpXDEHUWR
 $VFROPHLDVQmRGHYHPFDUSUy[LPDVDFDPLQKRVPXLWRIUHTXHQWDGRVRXHPEDL[R
GHOLQKDVGHDOWDWHQVmR
 $VFROPHLDVQmRGHYHPFDUSUy[LPDVDFULDo}HVWDLVFRPRJDOLQKDVFXUUDLVGH
JDGRFKLTXHLURHQWUHRXWURV

32
 Importante:
 2 LGHDO SDUD DOJXPDV HVSpFLHV p ORFDOL]DU R 0HOLSRQiULR QR SRPDU GHVGH TXH
VRPEUHDGRHDEULJDGRGHYHQWRVGRPLQDQWHV
 $ViUYRUHVGHIROKDVFDGXFDVIDYRUHFHPDVHVSpFLHVTXHJRVWDPPDLVGHVROGXUDQWH
RLQYHUQRHDVIROKDVSHUHQHVDEULJDPDVTXHSUHFLVDPGHXPLGDGHQRVHXLQWHULRU
 2VEHQHItFLRVVmRP~WXRV
 &RPRPHGLGDGHJDUDQWLDDFDVDGDVDEHOKDVGHYHHVWDUVHPSUHFREHUWD
 $VFROPHLDVSRGHPVHUFRORFDGDVGHGLYHUVDVPDQHLUDVVREiUYRUHV
'HEDL[R GDV TXH SHUGHP IROKDV QR LQYHUQR FRPR SRU H[HPSOR
SHVVHJXHLURVFDTXL]HLURVHQRJXHLUDVSHFDQ
'HEDL[RGHiUYRUHVVHPSUHYHUGHVPDVQmRQDiUHDPXLWRSURWHJLGDSHOD
FRSD2H[FHVVRGHVRPEUDpSUHIHUtYHODRH[FHVVRGHVRO
1mR VH GHYH SRU DV FROPHLDV GHEDL[R GH iUYRUHV TXH SURGX]HP IUXWRV
PXLWRJUDQGHV
0DQJXHLUDVHMDTXHLUDVGHYHPVHUHYLWDGDV

gua disponvel
 eGHJUDQGHXWLOLGDGHDH[LVWrQFLDGHXPDWRUQHLUDRXGHXPFXUVRGiJXDOLPSD
SUy[LPRDRPHOLSRQiULRSDUDDOLPSH]DJHUDOHSDUDDVDEHOKDVVHDEDVWHFHUHP
Umidade
 2VUHTXLVLWRVGDVGLYHUVDVHVSpFLHVGHPHOLSRQtGHRVYDULDPHPUHODomRjXPLGDGH
GR DPELHQWH HP TXH YLYHP 1D GLVWULEXLomR JHRJUiFD GDV GLYHUVDV HVSpFLHV D XPLGDGH
UHODWLYDGRDUpXPIDWRULPSRUWDQWH3RULVVRDGLFXOGDGHGHDGDSWDomRGHFHUWDVHVSpFLHV
TXDQGRWLUDGDVGHVHXKDELWDWQDWLYR

Temperatura ideal
 $V FROPHLDV GHYHP VHU TXHQWHV QR LQYHUQR H IUHVFDV QR YHUmR &DGD HVSpFLH GH
DEHOKDVHGHVHQYROYHGHQWURGHFHUWRVOLPLWHVGHWHPSHUDWXUDQRWDQGRVHSHTXHQDVYDULDo}HV
HQWUHDVHVSpFLHV

Proteo contra frio

 6H R FDORU H[FHVVLYR SUHMXGLFD DV FROPHLDV WDPEpP DV EDL[DV WHPSHUDWXUDV VmR
QHIDVWDV 4XDQGR ID] IULR DV DEHOKDV $SLV VH DJUXSDP QR LQWHULRU GD FROPHLD IRUPDQGR
YHUGDGHLURVFDFKRVDVVLPSURGX]LQGRHFRQVHUYDQGREDVWDQWHFDORU
 1RV PHOLSRQtGHRV DV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GRV ORFDLV RQGH ID]HP VHXV QLQKRV VmR GH
HQRUPHLPSRUWkQFLDDVSDUHGHVJURVVDVGDViUYRUHVRFDVRXDWHUUDTXHHVWiVREUHRVQLQKRV
VXEWHUUkQHRVDWXDPFRPRLVRODQWHWpUPLFRSURWHJHQGRRVGRIULRHGRFDORU
 'LVFRV GH FULD GH 0DQGDoDLD HP WHPSHUDWXUD HQWUH  H & UHVLVWHP IRUD GD
FROPHLDSRUFHUFDGHGLDV

Necessidade de calor
 2FDORUpHVVHQFLDOjVFRO{QLDVGHDEHOKDVHDWpFHUWRSRQWRHODVSRGHPSURGX]LOR
$FULDGDVDEHOKDVDVVLPFRPRRHPEULmRGDVDYHVSUHFLVDGHFDORUSDUDVHWUDQVIRUPDUHP
XPLQGLYtGXRDGXOWR
 4XDQGR D WHPSHUDWXUD DEDL[D R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GDV FULDV WRUQDVH PDLV OHQWR

33
$EDL[RGHFHUWRVOLPLWHVQmRVHGHVHQYROYHP6HFRQWLQXDUDHVIULDUDVFULDVPRUUHP
 7DPEpPDPDVVDGHPHOH[LVWHQWHQDVFROPHLDVDEVRUYHRXFHGHFDORUFRQIRUPH
VREHRXDEDL[DDWHPSHUDWXUDGRDPELHQWH,VWRLQXLGHPRGRSURQXQFLDGRQDWHPSHUDWXUD
LQWHUQDGDFROPHLD

Proteo contra os ventos

 6H R OXJDU IRU PXLWR H[SRVWR p FRQYHQLHQWH SURWHJHU R PHOLSRQiULR FRQWUD RV
YHQWRVIULRV
 $PHOKRUIRUPDGHID]HULVVRpSODQWDQGRiUYRUHVTXHWHQKDPDIXQomRGHFRUWLQD
FHUFD YLYD (VVD FRUWLQD QmR GHYHUi VHU PDLRU TXH R WDPDQKR GR PHOLSRQiULR SDUD QmR
SUHMXGLFDURY{RGDVDEHOKDV
 7HFQLFDPHQWH p DFRQVHOKiYHO SODQWDU GH IRUD SDUD GHQWUR DOJXPDV OHLUDV GH
DUEXVWRVTXHRIHUHoDPRUHVSDUDDVDEHOKDV
 2VOXJDUHVGHPXLWDQpYRDGHYHPVHUHYLWDGRVSRLVDWUDVDPRLQtFLRGRYRRGDV
DEHOKDV6HDQpYRD SHUVLVWLUSRU ORQJRVSHUtRGRVSRGHSUHMXGLFDUWRGDFROPHLD3RUWDQWR
QDSUiWLFDRPHOLSRQLFXOWRUEHPFRPRRDSLFXOWRUGHYHPIXJLUGDVEDL[DGDVIULDVHVXMHLWDV
IUHTXHQWHPHQWHDRIHQ{PHQRGDQpYRD

Espaamento e orientao das colmeias

Figura 17: Meliponrio estabelecido.

Figura 17A: Meliponrio em expanso

34
 2LGHDOpGDUERPHVSDoRHQWUHDVFROPHLDVSDUDHYLWDUVDTXHVHOXWDVVYH]HVQmRVH
GLVS}HGHPXLWRHVSDoRPDVPHVPRDVVLPpSRVVtYHOFULDUPHOLSRQtGHRV$VUHFRPHQGDo}HV
VmR
 &RORFDUDVFROPHLDVHPDOWXUDVGLYHUVDV
 2ULHQWDUDVHQWUDGDVSDUDGLYHUVDVGLUHo}HV
 &RORFDUSODQWDUDUEXVWRVHQWUHDVFROPHLDV
 )D]HUFRPTXHDVFROPHLDVYL]LQKDVVHMDPRFXSDGDVSRUHVSpFLHVGLIHUHQWHV
 6HPSUHTXHSRVVtYHOGHL[DUSHORPHQRVXPPHWURHQWUHXPDFROPHLDHRXWUD
 &ROPHLDVGH-DWDtTetragonisca angustulaGHYHPVHUFRORFDGDVFRPGLVWDQFLDGHWUrV
PHWURVHQWUHHODVSRLVVmRPXLWREULJXHQWDVPHVPRHQWUHVL

Pintura das colmeias

 $V FROPHLDV SRGHP VHU SLQWDGDV H[WHULRUPHQWH FRP WLQWD D EDVH GiJXD 39$
FRP FRUHV FODUDV H LGHQWLFiYHLV SHODV DEHOKDV D]XO FODUR DPDUHOR SDOKD H TXDQGR D
UHJLmR IRU PXLWR ~PLGD SRGHVH PLVWXUDU FROD EUDQFD HP XPD SURSRUomR GH  R TXH
LPSHUPHDELOL]DDVFROPHLDVDXPHQWDQGRVHXWHPSRGHYLGD~WLO$SLQWXUDFRPYHUQL]GH
SUySROLV p DFRQVHOKiYHO ID]HU QD SDUWH LQWHUQD GHVGH TXH R YHUQL] VHMD IHLWR FRP iOFRRO
*/

Importante
 1XQFDSLQWHFRPYHUQL]GHSUySROLVLQWHUQDPHQWHVHHOHIRUIHLWRFRPiOFRROGH
SRVWRGHFRPEXVWtYHLV(WDQRO

Depsito de materiais
 e PXLWR ~WLO UHVHUYDU XP F{PRGR SDUD JXDUGDU FDL[DV PDGHLUD SUHJRV H RXWURV
PDWHULDLVGHXVRFRUUHQWHGRPHOLSRQiULR
 6H HVWH GHSyVLWR IRU DPSOR DUHMDGR SRVVXLU SLD H FRP MDQHODV WHODGDV WDPEpP
SRGHUiVHUYLUSDUDSURFHVVDUDFROKHLWDGRPHOORQJHGDVDEHOKDV

9. Tcnicas para criar melipondeos

 &RPRREWHUHQ[DPHVGHDEHOKDVLQGtJHQDVVHPIHUUmR"
 $VHVWUDWpJLDVYDULDPEHPSRXFR

1. Quando se tratar de Meliponini

 3RUH[HPSORD0DQGDoDLDMelipona quadrifasciata LepeletierSRGHPRV
&RPSUDUXPDFROPHLDGHXPFULDGRU LG{QHR
3RUREWHQomRGHXPWRFRFRPHQ[DPH
3RUGLYLVmRGHGLVFRVGHFULDGHFRUFODUDRXVHMDFULDVQDVFHQWHV
3RU FDL[DV LVFD RX JDUUDIDV LVFD FRORFDGDV HP OXJDU DSURSULDGR TXDQGR
HODVHQWUDPVR]LQKDVYLQGDVGDQDWXUH]DSRUHQ[DPHDomRQDWXUDO

2. Quando se tratar de um Trigonini

 &RPD-DWDtTetragonisca angustula, angustula LatreileSRGHPRV
&RPSUDUXPDFROPHLDGHFULDGRULG{QHR

35
 3RUREWHQomRGHXPWRFRFRPXPHQ[DPH
3RUGLYLVmRGHFROPHLDFRPrealeiraHGLVFRVGHFRUFODUD
3RUFRORFDomRGHFDL[DVLVFDRXJDUUDIDVLVFDHPORFDLVDSURSULDGRV
 (YLWHDGHUUXEDGDGDiUYRUHSULQFLSDOPHQWHVHIRUGHHVSpFLHGDRUDQDWLYD

3. Materiais necessrios para transferir um ninho de toco para uma caixa

padro:
0RWRVVHUUDRXVHUUDFLUFXODUPDQXDOHOpWULFD
)DFmR
0DFKDGRRXPDFKDGLQKD
0DUWHOR
)RUPmR
*DUIRGHFR]LQKD
)DFD
)UDVFRGHyOHRFRPHVWtYHO
8PDYDVLOKDFRPWDPSDSDUDPHO
8PDYDVLOKDFRPWDPSDSDUDSyOHQHFHUD
8PDFDL[DSDGUmR
8PDFDL[DGHIyVIRURV
6XJDGRUGHDEHOKDVLQVHWRVFKXSDFDEUD
)LWDFUHSH
7HFLGRSOiVWLFREUDQFRP[P
3RWHDOLPHQWDGRUFRPSDX]LQKRV
'XDVVDFRODVSOiVWLFDVGHVFDUWiYHLVUHVLVWHQWHV

Como proceder com uma colmeia de Jata:

a./LPSHRORFDOFRUWDQGRJDOKRVHFLSyVTXHSRVVDPDWUDSDOKDURVHUYLoR
b.5HWLUHRFDQXGLQKRGHFHUDGDVHJXLQWHIRUPD
b1.$TXHoDOHYHPHQWHDOkPLQDGDIDFD
b2.$VVRSUHRFDQXGLQKRSDUDDIDVWDUDVDEHOKDVTXHDOLHVWmR
b3.,QWURGX]DXPSHGDFLQKRGHFDSLPQRFDQXGRHFRUWHREHPUHQWH
2FDQXGR VDLUiLQWDFWRHGHYHUiVHU[DGRQRIXURGDFDL[DSRUPHLRGHXPOHYH
DTXHFLPHQWRGHVXDERUGD
c.1DiUYRUHRXWRFRDEUDGXDVIHQGDVQRVHQWLGRGRFRPSULPHQWRXPDQDSRVLomR
RSRVWD D RXWUD ODVTXH R WURQFR FRP FXLGDGR DWp DYLVWDU R QLQKR 6H IRU HP iUYRUH IDoD
WDPEpPGRLVFRUWHVWUDQVYHUVDLVXPFPDFLPDHRXWURFPDEDL[RGRWXERGHHQWUDGD
IRUPDQGRXPDMDQHOD5HPRYDDMDQHODFRPFXLGDGRSDUDDYLVWDURQLQKR

36
Figura 18: Detalhes dos cortes em toco.
d.&RPRQLQKRjYLVWDSDVVHD]HLWHGHFR]LQKDQRJDUIRHUHWLUHDFHUDTXHHQYROYH
RVGLVFRVGHFULDSRWHVGHPHOHGHSyOHQ
e.5HWLUHRVGLVFRVGHFULDFRPGHOLFDGH]DSDUDQmRVHUHPDYDULDGRVHFRORTXHRVQD
FkPDUDGRQLQKR
f.2VGLVFRVGHFULDGHYHPVHUFRORFDGRVQDPHVPDSRVLomRKRUL]RQWDOHPTXH
IRUDPHQFRQWUDGRVHGHYHPVHUFREHUWRVFRPDVODPHODVGHFHUD

Importante
 1XQFDYLUHRVGLVFRVGHFULD

Tenha certeza de que a rainha foi transferida.

37
 g.&DSWXUHHWUDQVUDSDUDDQRYDFDL[DDVDEHOKDVUHFpPQDVFLGDVHTXHQmRVDEHP
YRDUSDUDLVVRXVHXPDVSLUDGRUGHLQVHWRVFKXSDFDEUD

Figura 19: Uso do chupa-cabra para aspirar abelhas.

h.)HFKHPXLWREHPRORFDOGRDQWLJRQLQKRQDiUYRUHPDQWHQGRXPDSHTXHQD
DEHUWXUD(VWHSRGHUiDWUDLURXWURHQ[DPH
i.)DoDXPDQHOGHFHUDHFRORTXHRQRRULItFLRGHHQWUDGDGDFDL[DDVHUIRUPDGD
TXDQGRRSLWRGHHQWUDGDSRUDOJXPDUD]mRQmRSXGHUVHUXVDGR
j.)HFKHDFDL[DSDGUmRSDVVHWDFUHSHQDMXQomRGDVSDUWHVIXQGRHDOoDHDOoD
FRPWDPSDVHFHUWLTXHTXHHVWmREHPFRODGDVHFRORTXHDQDPHVPDSRVLomRGDDQWLJD
FROPHLDSDUDFDSWXUDUDVDEHOKDVTXHHVWmRYRDQGRDRUHGRU
k.1RVHJXQGRRXWHUFHLURGLDHVHPSUHjQRLWHWUDQVUDDQRYDFDL[DSDUDRORFDO
GHQLWLYR
8PDRXWUDIRUPDGHFDSWXUDUHQ[DPHVHPGDQLFDUDiUYRUHpDVHJXLQWH
a.8VDVHXPDFDL[DSDGUmRFRPXPIXURQDSDUWHSRVWHULRUGRVHJPHQWRLQIHULRU
SUy[LPRDRIXQGRRQGHVHLQWURGX]XPDPDQJXHLUDSOiVWLFDGHFDOLEUHOHYHPHQWHLQIHULRUDR
WDPDQKRGRIXUR
b.1DiUYRUHRQGHHVWiDHQWUDGDGDDEHOKDUHWLUDVHRSLWRTXDQGRIRU7ULJRQLQL
LQWURGX]LQGRDPDQJXHLUD$FDL[DpFRORFDGDVREUHXPVXSRUWHSDUDFDUQDPHVPDDOWXUD
GDHQWUDGDRULJLQDOGDiUYRUHLVWR pIHLWRGHWDOIRUPDTXHDVDEHOKDVVmRIRUoDGDVDSDVVDU
SRUGHQWURGDFDL[DSDUDDFHVVDUHPVHXQLQKR
c. &RORTXH DOJXQV SRWHV GH PHO HRX IUDJPHQWRV GH FHUD GHQWUR GD FDL[D SDUD
VHUYLUHPGHDWUDWLYR
d.)L[HRFDQXGRGHFHUDUHWLUDGRGDiUYRUHQRRULItFLRGHHQWUDGDGDFDL[D6HIRU
PHOLSRQLQL[HXPSRXTXLQKRGHFHUDGDHVSpFLH
38
 e.'RLVRXWUrVPHVHVGHSRLVDVDEHOKDVSDVVDUmRDGHSRVLWDURQpFWDUQDFDL[DHVH
WUDQVIHULUmRSDUDDQRYDPRUDGD
f 4XDQGR YRFr WLYHU XP WRFR FRP XP HQ[DPH GH DEHOKDV VHP IHUUmR DORMDGR
H IRUWH HVWDEHOHFLGR D WHPSR SRGHUi XWLOL]DOR FRPR PDWUL] SDUD aumentar seu plantel
anualmente. (PYH]GHWUDQVIHULUWRGDVDFROPHLDGHYH]UHWLUHDOJXQVGLVFRVHIRUPHQRYD
FROPHLD6HIRU7ULJRQLQLWHQKDRFXLGDGRGHFRORFDUXPDUHDOHLUD6HIRUPHOLSRQLQLEDVWD
UHWLUDUGHGLVFRVPDGXURVFRUFODUDHFRORFDUDFDL[DOKDQROXJDUGRWRFRSDUDFDSWXUDU
DVFDPSHLUDVHOHYDURWRFRSDUDORQJH2WRFRGHYHUiVHUFRUWDGRGHWDOIRUPDTXHSHUPLWD
DFHVVRDRQLQKRHGHSRLVVHUQRYDPHQWHIHFKDGRHODFUDGRFRPEDUURSDUDUHVWDEHOHFHUR
HTXLOtEULRLQWHUQR

Caixa isca
 4XDQGRRHQ[DPHpGLItFLOGHORFDOL]DURXRWHPSRGLVSRQtYHOpHVFDVVRSRGHVH
DSHODUSDUDRXWUDVWpFQLFDVGHFDSWXUDGHHQ[DPHTXHDOpPGHPXLWRVLPSOHVHFRQRPL]DP
WHPSR HPmRGHREUD
 &RQVWURHPVH FDL[DV GH PDGHLUD GH [FP [ FP GH DOWXUD FRP FP GH
HVSHVVXUDHFRPIXURGHHQWUDGD
Como fazer:
&RUWHDPDGHLUDHFRQVWUXDDVFDL[DVLVFDQDVGLPHQV}HVHVFULWDV
(VIUHJXH LQWHUQDPHQWH D FDL[D FRP  FHUD UHVLQD RX H[WUDWR DOFRyOLFR GH
SUySROLVGDVDEHOKDVTXHGHVHMDFDSWXUDU
$R UHGRU GR RULItFLR GH HQWUDGD [H XP SRXFR GH FHUD SDUD IDFLOLWDU D
GHVFREHUWDGDHQWUDGD
)L[HDWDPSDVXSHULRUGDFDL[D
&RPXPDUDPHDPDUUHDFDL[DSUy[LPDDiUYRUHVFDQWRVGHFDVDPRXU}HV
GHFHUFDRXQDVSUR[LPLGDGHVGHORFDLVFRPQLQKRGDHVSpFLHTXHSUHWHQGH
FDSWXUDU
9LVWRULHDFDGDVHPDQDSDUDYHULFDUVHDOJXPHQ[DPHVHLQVWDORX
4XDQGRRHQ[DPHIRUFDSWXUDGRGHYHVHGHL[iORPDLVGLDVHHQWmR
HVHPSUHDQRLWHWUD]rORDWpRORFDOGHQLWLYR
$WUDQVIHUrQFLDSDUDDFDL[DGHQLWLYDGHYHVHUIHLWDVyXQVGLDVGHSRLV

Em vez de caixa isca de madeira, podemos usar um mtodo ainda mais

simples:
&RPXPDJDUUDIDGHUHIULJHUDQWHWLSR3(7GHGRLVOLWURVOLPSDHVHFDSRU
GHQWUR
5HFRUWH XP SHGDoR GH ORQD SOiVWLFD SUHWD VXFLHQWH SDUD FREULU WRGD D
JDUUDID

39
Figura 20: Componentes necessrios a construo da isca.
Figura 20A: Corte da parte anterior da garrafa PET, junte as partes e cole com fita crepe.

(QUROH D ORQD SOiVWLFD FREULQGR D JDUUDID H [DQGR FRP XP HOiVWLFR

GHL[DQGRDERFDGHVFREHUWD

Figura 20B: Aps o corte e colagem, enrolar a garrafa em lona plstica preta.
Figura 20C: Enrolar e colar com fita adesiva, deixando s o gargalo descoberto.

7DPSDUDERFDGDJDUUDIDFRPXPDOkPLQDQDGHFHUDGDDEHOKDQDGH
FHUD SUHIHUHQFLDOPHQWH GD HVSpFLH TXH SUHWHQGH FDSWXUDU ID]HQGR XP
IXULQKRQRPHLR

40
Figura 20D: Colar a boca da garrafa com um pedao de cera fino
da espcie da abelha que se pretende capturar.

)L[DUDVJDUUDIDVLVFDQRVPHVPRVORFDLVMiGHVFULWRVSDUDDVFDL[DVHVHJXLU
DPHVPDVHTXrQFLD

Importante
 $V FDL[DV LVFD RX JDUUDID LVFD GHYHP VHU WUDQVSRUWDGDV GR ORFDO RQGH R HQ[DPH
IRLFDSWXUDGRDWpRORFDORQGHIRUUHDOL]DGDDWUDQVIHUrQFLDSDUDFDL[DUDFLRQDOQDPHVPD
SRVLomRHPTXHIRUDPHQFRQWUDGDVLQVWDODGDVVHPYLUiODV

Caixas racionais - Modelos

Figura 21: Caixa com recheio de cepilho. | Figura 21A: Detalhe de caixa com recheio de cepilho.

41
Figura 21B Caixa didtica.
Figura 21C: Caixa de Eucalipto para Tubuna. (Scaptotrigona bipunctata).

Figura 21D: Diferentes modelos de caixas.

 1D QDWXUH]D RV PHOLSRQtGHRV WrP VXDV SUHIHUrQFLDV SHODV GLYHUVDV HVSpFLHV
YHJHWDLVSDUDFRQVWUXLUVHXVQLQKRV1DUHJLmRVXOWRGDVDVFDQHODVLaurceasSDXGHEXJUH
Anacardiaceae&D~QDAquifoliaceae$URHLUDRutaceaeVmRDVPDLVSURFXUDGDV
 4XDQWRDRWDPDQKRGHYHVHREVHUYDUDDUTXLWHWXUDGHFDGDQLQKRRYROXPHGRV
SRWHVGHPHOHSyOHQTXHDUPD]HQDPHDTXDQWLGDGHGHDEHOKDV$VPHOtSRQDVJHUDOPHQWH
QHFHVVLWDPGHFROPHLDVPDLRUHV
 'LPHQVmRGRVTXDGURV
 6XJHVWmRSDUDRWDPDQKRLQWHUQRHVSHVVXUDGDSDUHGHHHQWUDGDHPFHQWtPHWURV
FP

42
 Espcie Altura Largura Espessura Buraco/
Entrada
-DWDt  D D D
0LULPJXDo~  D D 
0LULPHPHULQD  D D 
7XEXQD D D D 2,0
0DQGDoDLD D D D D
0DQGXUL  D D 
*XDUDLSR D D D D

10. Tcnicas de manejo

 $FDL[DTXHYDLDEULJDURQRYRHQ[DPHQmRGHYHVHUGHPDGHLUDWUDWDGD
 $RUHWLUDUXPDFROPHLDGRVHXOXJDUSDUDGLYLGLUYLVWRULDURXFROHWDUPHOGHYHPRV
PDUFDU R ORFDO SDUD TXH QmR KDMD HUUR QD GHYROXomR $VVLP HYLWDPRV SHUGD GH RSHUiULDV
EULJDVVDTXHVHDWpPHVPRDSHUGDWRWDOGRHQ[DPH
 6HPSUHFDUUHJDURWRFRRXFDL[DFRPDFROPHLDVHPEDODQoDUQDPHVPDSRVLomR
HPTXHHVWDYDRULJLQDOPHQWHSDUDHYLWDUTXHRVRYRVJRUHPRXTXHODUYDVVHDIRJXHPQR
DOLPHQWR
 )LFDUDWHQWRTXDQWRDRIRUtGHRGXUDQWHDGLYLVmRGDVFRO{QLDV
 'XUDQWHDGLYLVmRGDFROPHLDPmH HOKDGHYHPVHUFRORFDGDVODGRDODGR
SDUDDJLOL]DURSURFHVVRHHYLWDUSHUGDGHDEHOKDVFDPSHLUDV
 'XUDQWHDVUHYLV}HVGHYHPRVREVHUYDUVHKRXYHSRVWXUDQDFROPHLDOKDRTXH
LQGLFDTXHMiKRXYHIHFXQGDomRGDUDLQKD4XDQGRLVVRQmRDFRQWHFHU DWpYLQWHGLDVDSyVD
IRUPDomRGD QRYDFROPHLDGHYHPRVFRORFDUXPQRYRGLVFRGHFULDQDVFHQWHGHFRORUDomR
FODUDHFRPUHDOHLUDTXDQGRVHWUDWDUGHWULJRQLQL
  4XDQGR DEULPRV D FRO{QLD PmH SDUD UHDOL]DU D GLYLVmR p ERP FDSWXUDU DV
DEHOKDVMRYHQVTXHHVWLYHUHPQDWDPSDGDFDL[DHFRORFiODVQDFROPHLDOKDXWLOL]DQGRR
FKXSDFDEUD7DPEpPpERPUHWLUDUDUDLQKDHPDQWrODQXPUHFLSLHQWHIHFKDGRTXHQmR
DPDFKXTXH(VVHFXLGDGRHYLWDTXHDUDLQKDVHMDHVPDJDGDSRUGHVFXLGRWUDQVIHULGDSDUD
RXWUDFROPHLDRXDLQGDTXHRXWURVPDFKRVWHQWHPFRSXODUFRPHODPDFKXFDQGRD$UDLQKD
GRVPHOLSRQtGHRVQmRVDLGHGHQWURGDFROPHLD
 $RGLYLGLUPRVDVFROPHLDVVHKRXYHUQHFHVVLGDGHGHYHPRVFRORFDUQRIXQGRGD
FDL[DWUrVEROLQKDVGHFHUDGRWDPDQKRGHXPJUmRGHIHLMmRRXXPSRXFRGHFHUXPHRQGH
RVGLVFRVGHFULDVHDSRLDUmRSHUPLWLQGRDVDEHOKLQKDVFLUFXODUSDUDOHYDUFDORUHXPLGDGH
SDUDDVODUYDV

Importante
 1XQFDGHL[HRVGLVFRVFKDSDGRVHUHQWHVQRIXQGRGDFROPHLD

 $RGLYLGLUPRVRQLQKRGDFRO{QLDGH0HOLSRQLQLGHYHPRVYHULFDUVHRVGLVFRV

43
HVWmRQDFRORUDomRFODUD&DVRDUPDWLYRUHWLUDPRVQRPtQLPRGRLVGLVFRVHFRORFDPRVQD
FROPHLDOKDWHQGRRFXLGDGRGHFREULORVFRPODPHODVGHFHUD3HJDPRVDFROPHLDPmH
TXHFHGHXRVGLVFRVGHFULDHOHYDPRVDSHORPHQRVGH]PHWURVGHGLVWkQFLD'HL[DPRVD
FROPHLD OKD QR OXJDU GD FROPHLD PmH TXH UHFHEHUi D IRUoD GH WUDEDOKR GDV DEHOKDV
FDPSHLUDV
 1RVHJXQGRGLDDSyVDGLYLVmRDVFROPHLDVPmHHOKDGHYHUmRVHUDOLPHQWDGDV
FRP[DURSH

Importante
$R WUDQVSRUWDUPRV WRFRV GR PDWR SDUD R PHOLSRQiULR GHYHPRV VHPSUH
WUDQVSRUWiORVQDSRVLomRHPTXHIRUDPHQFRQWUDGRV
4XDQGR WUDQVIHULPRV GLVFRV GH FULD GH XPD FRO{QLD PmH SDUD XPD
FRO{QLD OKD GHYHPRV FRORFiORV QD PHVPD SRVLomR TXH HVWDYDP
RULJLQDOPHQWH
'LVFRVHVFXURVQXQFDGHYHPVHUYLUDGRVRXUHWLUDGRVSDUDGLYLV}HV
&ROPHLDIUDFDQmRVHGLYLGH

Importante
 (QWUH RV GLVFRV GHYHP VHU FRORFDGDV SHTXHQDV EROLQKDV GH FHUD RX SHGDFLQKRV
GHFHUXPHSDUDSHUPLWLURWUkQVLWRGDVRSHUiULDVHQWUHXPGLVFRHRXWURHQmRDWUDSDOKDUR
QDVFLPHQWRGDVDEHOKDV

 $FROPHLDPmHGHYHFDUEHPVXSULGDGHDOLPHQWR$FROPHLDOKDpERPTXH
TXHVHPDOLPHQWRHGRLVGLDVDSyVDGLYLVmRGHYHVHDGPLQLVWUDUDOLPHQWROLTXLGR
 4XDQGRDFROPHLDHVWiEHPVXSULGDGHDOLPHQWRFRQVHJXHPDQWHUXPDHFLHQWH
UHJXODomRWpUPLFDQDUHJLmRGHFULDTXHSDUDVHGHVHQYROYHUQHFHVVLWDGH&
 1mRGHYHPRVIRUQHFHUPXLWRDOLPHQWRGHXPDVyYH]DSHQDVDTXDQWLGDGHTXH
SRVVDVHUSURFHVVDGD HPXPGLDRXGRLV
 $RQGDUDGLYLVmRGHYHPRVFROHWDUDVDEHOKDVQRYDVTXHFDUDPQRFKmRH
FRORFiODVQDFRO{QLDOKDXWLOL]DQGRXPVXJDGRUGHLQVHWRVFKXSDFDEUD
 $WDPSDGDFROPHLDGHYHVHUEHPYHGDGDFRPWDJRPDGDRXEDUURSDUDHYLWDU
DHQWUDGDGHIRUPLJDVIRUtGHRVEDUDWDVPRVFDVHRDWDTXHGHDEHOKDVGRJrQHUR$SLVRX
PHVPRSURWHJHUGRIULR
 2ORFDOSDUDVHFRORFDUDFROPHLDUHFpPIRUPDGDGHYHVHURPHVPRTXHHUD
RFXSDGRSHODFRO{QLDPmHRXGHRXWUDFRO{QLDIRUWHSDUDGRDUDVRSHUiULDVFDPSHLUDV

Importante
 1RVHVWDGRVGR VXOGR%UDVLOpUHFRPHQGiYHOTXHDVGLYLV}HVGDVFRO{QLDVVHMDP
IHLWDVGHVHWHPEURDMDQHLURSRLVQHVVDpSRFDDPDLRUSURGXomRGHPDFKRVHPHQRUSHULJR
GHIULDJHPjQRLWH

$OLPHQWR$UWLFLDO

4XDQGRQDQDWXUH]DDV$6)REHGHFHPVHXSUySULRULWPR4XDQGRDVUHWLUDPRVGHVHXKDELWDW
QDWLYRHDVDORMDPRVHPFDL[DVFKDPDGDVUDFLRQDLVGHFHUWDIRUPDHVWDPRVVXEPHWHQGR

44
DVDRQRVVRULWPR(VWDPRODVFULDQGRSRUGLYHUVDVUD]}HV3HVTXLVDYHQGDGHFROPHLDV
H[SORUDomRGHPHOH[SORUDomRGHSUySROLVOD]HUSROLQL]DomRHRXRXWUDV'HFHUWDIRUPD
HVWDPRVDOWHUDQGRVHXPRGRGHYLGDRULJLQDO(QWmRHVWDPRVFDXVDQGRVWUHVV$VVLPXPD
FRLVDFDFODUD3UHFLVDPRVVHPSUHTXDOTXHUTXHVHMDDQDOLGDGHGHQRVVDFULDomRPDQWr
ODV HP ERD IRUPD ,VWR VLJQLFD TXH R HQ[DPH SUHFLVD VHPSUH HVWDU IRUWH H HP VLWXDomR
FRQIRUWiYHO3RULVVRTXDQGRDRUDGDpHVFDVVDHSDUDQyVDTXLQDUHJLmRVXOLVWRTXHUGL]HU
RXWRQRLQYHUQRSUHFLVDPRVQRVSUHRFXSDUFRPDUHVHUYDGHDOLPHQWRGDVDEHOKDV

Ingredientes:
$o~FDUFULVWDONJ
JXDOLWURV
FLGROiFWLFRPORXVXFRGHOLPmRPO
([WUDWRDOFRyOLFRGHSUySROLVPO
&RPSOH[RYLWDPtQLFR2UJDQHZRXRXWURXVDGRSDUDDQLPDLVGRPpVWLFRV
/HYHGRGHFHUYHMD

Modo de Preparar:
 'HVSHMHiJXDQXPDSDQHODJUDQGHDFUHVFHQWHRiFLGROiFWLFRPLVWXUHEHPHHP
VHJXLGDGHVSHMHRDo~FDUOHYHDRIRJRHPH[DXPSRXFRGHL[HHVTXHQWDUDWpRLQtFLRGH
IRUPDomRGHERUEXOKDVPDLVRXPHQRV&5HWLUHGRIRJRHGHL[HHVIULDU
 &DVRRSWDUSHORVXFRGHOLPmRDRLQYpVGRiFLGROiFWLFRSDUDDLQYHUVmRGDVDFDURVH
DGLFLRQHRDRUHWLUDU R[DURSHGRIRJR
 'HL[HHVIULDU
3UHSDUHDJDUUDID3(7ODYDQGRDEHPHGHSRLVGHVHFDGHVSHMHXPIUDVFRGHPO
GHH[WUDWRDOFRyOLFRGHSUySROLVHVSDOKHEHPSRUWRGRRIUDVFRHGHVSHMHR[DURSHIULR
)HFKHEHPDJDUUDID
   SDUWH SUHSDUH R FRPSOH[R YLWDPtQLFR PLVWXUDQGR XPD SDUWH GHVWH SDUD WUrV
SDUWHVGHOHYHGRGHFHUYHMDHDFRQGLFLRQHHPSRWHSOiVWLFRRXGHYLGURFRPWDPSD*XDUGH
HPOXJDUVHFRHVFXURHIUHVFR
 $RWUDWDUDVDEHOKDVDFUHVFHQWHD PLVWXUDVyOLGDHOtTXLGDQDEDVHGHVHLVDGH]
FROKHUHVGHVREUHPHVDSDUDFDGDOLWURGDPLVWXUD6yVLUYDRVXFLHQWHSDUDXPRXGRLVGLDV
'LFD,6ySUHSDUHDTXDQWLGDGHGHDOLPHQWRFRPRFRPSOH[RYLWDPtQLFRTXHYDL
VHUXVDGRHPXPGLDRXGRLV6HHVWRFDGRHOHSRGHD]HGDU
 'LFD,,6HPSUHRIHUHoDRDOLPHQWRQRLQtFLRGDPDQKmHFXLGDGRSDUDQmRGHUUDPDU
HGHL[DUH[FHVVRVIRUDGDFDL[D6HLVWRDFRQWHFHUOLPSHFRPSDSHOWRDOKD

Importante
 1mRVHGHYHIRUQHFHUPXLWRDOLPHQWReSUHIHUtYHOIRUQHFHUPDLVYH]HVPDVVHPSUH
DOLPHQWRUHFpPSUHSDUDGR

 ([LVWHPPXLWDVRXWUDVIyUPXODVGHDOLPHQWRVTXHVmRXVDGDVSHORVPHOLSRQLFXOWRUHV

Como ajudar no desenvolvimento de colnias fracas

 8PDGDVUD]}HVGHIUDTXH]DGHXPDFRO{QLDpDIDOWDGHRSHUiULDV

45
 (PYLVWDGLVVRjV YH]HVpSUHFLVRUHIRUoDURSRWHQFLDOGHWUDEDOKRGHXPDFRO{QLD
3DUDLVVRRPHOLSRQLFXOWRUGHYHGDUjVFRO{QLDVIUDFDVGLVFRVGHFULDSURYHQLHQWHVGHRXWUDV
FRO{QLDV 2V GLVFRV GHYHP VHU GH FRU FODUD SRLV VmR RV TXH FRQWrP FULD HP HVWDGR PDLV
DGLDQWDGR
 $QWHVGHUHWLUDURVGLVFRVGHFULDGHXPDFRO{QLDGHYHPRVYHULFDUVHHVWDpIRUWHH
SDUDLVVRGHYHUiWHU
a.1~PHURGHGLVFRVGHFULDHWDPDQKRGHDFRUGRFRPDVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGDHVSpFLH
b.5HVHUYDVGHPHOHSyOHQVXFLHQWHV
c.*UDQGHQ~PHURGHRSHUiULDV

 0XLWDV YH]HV DV FRO{QLDV FKHJDP D XPD VLWXDomR GH GHFDGrQFLD PXLWR JUDQGH H
DSDUHQWHPHQWHLUUHYHUVtYHOHpQHFHVViULRIRUWDOHFrODeSUHFLVRVDEHUFRPRDJLUHH[LVWHP
DOJXPDVIRUPDV

1.,QVSHFLRQDUDFROPHLDSDUDGHVFREULURPRWLYRGHHVWDUIUDFD
2.7URFDUGHOXJDUFRPXPDFRO{QLDIRUWH
3.$FUHVFHQWDUDOJXQVGLVFRVGHFULDGHFRUFODUDUHWLUDGRVGHXPDFROPHLDIRUWH
4.0LQLVWUDUDOLPHQWRHVWLPXODQWH
5.6HIRUWULJRQLQLHQmRWLYHUUDLQKDDFUHVFHQWDUFpOXODUHDOHLUD
6.6HIRUPHOLSRQLQLSHVTXLVDUHFRQYHUVDUFRPRXWURVFULDGRUHVSDUDGHVFREULUD
SURYiYHOFDXVD
7.5HGX]LUHVSDoRUHWLUDQGRSHoDVTXDGURVYD]LRV
8.2OXJDUGRPHOLSRQiULRQmRpDGHTXDGR

 2XWUR PpWRGR SDUD UHIRUoDU DV FRO{QLDV GH PHOLSRQtGHRV FRQVLVWH HP GDUOKHV
SHGDoRVGHFHUDRXFHUXPH
 &RPRDVDEHOKDVSUHFLVDPLQJHULUSyOHQHPHOSDUDSURGX]LUFHUDpIiFLOFRPSUHHQGHU
TXHRIRUQHFLPHQWRGHVVHPDWHULDOWHPXWLOLGDGHSDUDDVFRO{QLDV
 $FHUDRXRFHUXPHSRVWRjGLVSRVLomRGDVDEHOKDVGHYHVHUGHERDTXDOLGDGHH
IHLWDVHPOkPLQDVGHOLFDGDVSDUDIDFLOLWDURWUDEDOKRGDVRSHUiULDV

Reviso, Vistorias e ou Inspees.

 $VUHYLV}HVDRPHOLSRQiULRGHYHPVHUIHLWDVUHJXODUPHQWHSHORPHQRVXPDYH]DR
PrV1DVDEHOKDVUHFpPLQVWDODGDVXPDYH]SRUVHPDQDTXDQGRRFOLPDSHUPLWLUDEHOKDV
FRPDOJXPWLSRGHGLFXOGDGHGHGHVHQYROYLPHQWRRERPVHQVRHDSUiWLFDGRSURGXWRULUmR
GHWHUPLQDUDIUHTXrQFLD
 (QWHQGHPRVSRUUHYLVmRjTXHODHPTXHDEULPRVDFROPHLDSDUDYHULFDU
6HKiPHOSDUDFROKHLWD
6HKiFRQGLo}HVSDUDGLYLVmR
3UHSDUDUSDUDRWUDQVSRUWH
6HKiQHFHVVLGDGHGHDOLPHQWR
$VD~GHGDVDEHOKDV
6HKiQHFHVVLGDGHGHVXEVWLWXLUWDPSDVRXWHOKDGRV
6HKiQHFHVVLGDGHGHUHIRUoDUD FROPHLD
6HKiDWDTXHGHDOJXPLQLPLJR

46
 8PDLQVSHomRRXYLVWRULDGHYHVHUIHLWDHPXPGLDGHVROHSRGHIRUQHFHUPXLWDV
LQIRUPDo}HVLPSRUWDQWHVVREUHDFRO{QLD
 $REVHUYDomRGDHQWUDGDGHXPDFROPHLDGHTXDOTXHUHVSpFLHGHPHOLSRQtGHRQRV
GL]VHDFRO{QLDpIUDFDRXIRUWH
 2LQWHQVRPRYLPHQWRGHHQWUDGDHVDtGDLQGLFDDEXQGkQFLDGHQpFWDUQDQDWXUH]D
DOpPGHXPDFRO{QLDIRUWH
 (P -DWDt R FDQXGR GR RULItFLR GH HQWUDGD VLQDOL]D TXDQGR WHP DWp  DEHOKDV
YRDQGRHPYROWDDFRO{QLDpPpGLDWHPDWpDEHOKDVTXDQGRWHPPDLVGHDEHOKDV
DFRO{QLDpIRUWHWHPPDLVGHDEHOKDV
 3RU RXWUR ODGR D SRXFD RX QHQKXPD DWLYLGDGH H R FDQXGR GH HQWUDGD FRP XP
DVSHFWRGLPLQXtGRRXDQDGRIHFKDQGRLQGLFDQDPDLRULDGDVYH]HVSUREOHPDQRLQWHULRU
GDFRO{QLD
 $V YLVWRULDV VmR LPSRUWDQWHV SRLV VHUYHP FRPR EDVH SDUD R SODQHMDPHQWR GDV
DWLYLGDGHV 2 PHOLSRQLFXOWRU VH FRORFD D SDU GDV FRQGLo}HV H HYHQWXDLV QHFHVVLGDGHV GDV
FRO{QLDV
 6HPSUHTXHIRUDEULUXPDFDL[DRPHOLSRQLFXOWRUGHYHFDUGHODGRRXQDSDUWH
GHWUiVSDUDQmRLQWHUIHULUQDOLQKDGHYRRGDVDEHOKDV
 'HYHFRPRDX[tOLRGRIRUPmRUHWLUDUDWDPSDGDFDL[DHWRPDUFXLGDGRGHDSRLiOD
FRPDSDUWHLQWHUQDYROWDGDSDUDFLPDSDUDQmRHVPDJDUDOJXPDDEHOKD

O que se deve observar

2DVSHFWRJHUDOGRQLQKR
6HRDVSHFWRGDVODPtQXODVGHFHUDpVHFRHTXHEUDGLoRRXWHPXPDWH[WXUD
DYHOXGDGD
2PRYLPHQWRJHUDOGDVDEHOKDV
6HKiSUHVHQoDGHRYRVGHIRUtGHRVRXODUYDVGHVWH

Importante
 &DVRKDMDRYRVRXODUYDVGHIRUtGHRVLQGLFDTXHDVDEHOKDVHVWmRFRPHVSDoRGHPDLV
2HVSDoRLQWHUQRGHYHVHUGLPLQXtGRUHWLUDQGRXPDSHoDGDFDL[DRXPHVPRWUDQVIHULQGRDV
SDUDXPDFDL[DPHQRU

 2WDPDQKRGDFDL[DGHYHVHPSUHDFRPSDQKDURWDPDQKRGRHQ[DPH1mRGHYHWHU
HVSDoRVREUDQGR

47
11. Predadores
 6mR SRXFRV RV DQLPDLV RX LQVHWRV TXH SRGHP DPHDoDU VHULDPHQWH DV DEHOKDV
LQGtJHQDV,VWRQmRVLJQLFDTXHVHSRVVDGHVFXLGDURXQmRFDUYLJLODQWH
 2PHOLSRQLFXOWRUGHYHPDQWHUVXDVFRO{QLDVIRUWHV

Baratas
 4XDQGRDVFRO{QLDVHVWmRIUDFDVSRGHVHHQFRQWUDUEDUDWDVQRVQLQKRV'HYHPVHU
FRPEDWLGDVPDQXDOPHQWHPDVQmRUHSUHVHQWDPXPDVpULDDPHDoD

Barbeiros
 $SLRPHUXVpXPJrQHURGHEDUEHLURTXHDWDFDDV DEHOKDVLQGtJHQDVHVXJDOKHVR
VXFRGRFRUSR2$SLRPHUXVQmRpWUDQVPLVVRUGHGRHQoDVDRKRPHPRXRXWURVDQLPDLV
$WDFDP DV DEHOKDV QDV RUHV HPERUD SRVVDP DWDFiODV WDPEpP QR QLQKR 'HYHP VHU
FRPEDWLGRVPDQXDOHFRQWLQXDPHQWH

Traas
 1mRpFRPXPRDSDUHFLPHQWRGHVVDSUDJDPDVSRGHVHUHQFRQWUDGDQDVPHPEUDQDV
GR LQYyOXFUR GR QLQKR 'HYHP VHU FRPEDWLGDV PDQXDOPHQWH RX VH D FDL[D GR QLQKR IRU
VXEVWLWXtGDSRGHVHXVDULQVHWLFLGDELROyJLFRFRPRBacillus thurigiensis'LSHO

Fordeos
 2V IRUtGHRV SHUWHQFHP j RUGHP GRV GtSWHURV GD TXDO ID]HP SDUWH DV PRVFDV H
RVPRVTXLWRV([LVWHPGLYHUVRVJrQHURVGHIRUtGHRVTXHSRGHPIUHTXHQWDUDVFRO{QLDVGH
PHOLSRQtGHRV
 1R %UDVLO RV IRUtGHRV H VHXV JrQHURV FRQVWLWXHP VpULRV LQLPLJRV GDV DEHOKDV
LQGtJHQDV
 2V IRUtGHRV DGXOWRV VmR SHTXHQDV PRVFDV PXLWR iJHLV TXH QD FROPHLD GmR
FRUULGLQKDVHVDOWRVUiSLGRVYRDQGRSRXFR

Figura 22: Moscas adultas de fordeos rondando entrada de Mandaaia.

48
Figura 23: Larvas das moscas em ninho de melipondeos.

 $VPRVFDVDGXOWDVSRXFRRXQHQKXPHVWUDJRID]HPSRUpPDVODUYDVVmRSHTXHQDV
PDVH[WUHPDPHQWHYRUD]HV
 3DUHFHP YHUPHV EUDQFRV H VmR FDSD]HV GH H[WHUPLQDU TXDOTXHU FRO{QLD GH
PHOLSRQtGHRVTXDQGRHVWmRSUHVHQWHVHPJUDQGHQ~PHUR
 ePDLVFRPXPYHUHVWDVODUYDVGHQWURGRVSRWHVGHSyOHQPDVWDPEpPSRGHP
OLTXLGDURVGLVFRVGHFULD
 6H KRXYHU QD FROPHLD PHO H[WUDYDVDGR SRWHV GH SyOHQ URPSLGRV IDYRV GH FULD
DPDVVDGRV PROKDGRV RX SDUWLGRV LVWR DV DWUDL H HP SRXFRV GLDV DV ODUYDV FRQVHJXHP
H[WHUPLQDUDFRO{QLD
Por isso recomendado muito cuidado quando da captura de novas colnias
e principalmente na transferncia para as caixas

Importante
 6HRDWDTXHGDVODUYDVGHIRUtGHRVMiHVWLYHUHPDQGDPHQWRRPHOLSRQLFXOWRUGHYH
 D/LPSDUEHPDFRO{QLDDWDFDGDXVDQGRXPSDSHOXPHGHFLGR
 E5HPRYHUDVODUYDVGHIRUtGHRV
 F5HPRYHURVSRWHVGHSyOHQHRVGLVFRVGHFULDGDQLFDGRV
 G&RORFDUSRWHVGHLVFDFRPSHTXHQRVIXURVDPPFRPVROXomRGHYLQDJUH
SUHIHUHQFLDOPHQWHPDomGHQWURGDFROPHLDHJDUUDIDVLVFDSHQGXUDGDVIRUDHDRUHGRUGR
PHOLSRQiULR$VPRVFDVVHUmRDWUDtGDVDGHQWUDQGRSHORVIXULQKRVGHRQGHQmRFRQVHJXLUmR
VDLU$MXGDDFRPEDWHUDSUDJD

49
 Formigas
 (PJHUDORVPHOLSRQtGHRVVHGHIHQGHPEHPGDVIRUPLJDVTXDQGRVXDVFRO{QLDV
HVWmRHPHVWDGRQRUPDO
 $VDEHOKDVLQGtJHQDVVHGHIHQGHPPHOKRUTXHDV$SLV(PHVWDGRQDWXUDODOJXPDV
HVSpFLHV FRPR D ,UDL FKHJDP D GHL[DU XP HVSDoR YD]LR MXQWR DRV VHXV QLQKRV RQGH DV
IRUPLJDVLQVWDODPVXDVFRO{QLDV2VXSRUWHRQGHHVWmRDVFDL[DVFRPDVDEHOKDVGHYHPVHU
VHPSUHLQGLYLGXDLVHFRPDSURWHomRFRQWUDDVIRUPLJDV

Importante
 (P FULDomR UDFLRQDO H QDV UHJL}HV RQGH DV IRUPLJDV UHSUHVHQWDP XP SUREOHPD
DR FULDGRU GHYHVH PDQWrODV DIDVWDGDV GRV QLQKRV SUHVHUYDQGR D OLPSH]D DR UHGRU GR
PHOLSRQiULR

Marimbondos
 $R TXH VH VDEH VmR SRXFRV RV DWDTXHV GH PDULPERQGRV D PHOLSRQtGHRV ([LVWH
XPDHVSpFLHGHPDULPERQGRTXHPDWDDEHOKDV0DQGDoDLD7L~EDH-DWDtSUy[LPRDRVVHXV
QLQKRVRXTXDQGRHVWDVYLVLWDPDVRUHV)D]QLQKRVHPRFRVGHiUYRUHVRXRXWURVOXJDUHV
DEULJDGRVeJUDQGHGHFRUSUHWDHSRVVXLIRUWHVPDQGtEXODV

Aranhas
 $VDUDQKDVQmRFRQVWLWXHPXPSHULJRPXLWRVpULRSDUDRVPHOLSRQtGHRVHQWUHWDQWR
DVWHLDVFRQVWUXtGDVMXQWRjVFROPHLDVFDXVDPDPRUWHGHPXLWDVDEHOKDVUD]mR SHODTXDO
GHYHPVHUHOLPLQDGDV

caros
 0XLWDVYH]HVDRVHDEULUXPDFROPHLDGHPHOLSRQtGHRVHQ[HUJDVHXPDTXDQWLGDGH
GHSRQWLQKRVEUDQFRVFRUGHSDOKDRXFDVWDQKRVFRPTXDWURSDUHVGHSDWDVVmRRViFDURV
'HYHP VHU FRQVLGHUDGRV FRP LQTXLOLQRV H VmR SUDWLFDPHQWH LQRIHQVLYRV 3HOR SHTXHQR
SUHMXt]RTXHFDXVDPQmRYDOHDSHQDFRPEDWrORV$OLPHQWDPVHGRVOL[RVGDFRO{QLD

Lagartixas
 (PDOJXQVHVWDGRVFRPR5LRGH-DQHLURH0LQDV*HUDLVHHPQRVVROLWRUDODVODJDUWL[DV
VmRUHDOPHQWHFRQVLGHUDGDVFRPRJUDQGHVLQLPLJDVGRVPHOLSRQtGHRV1RQRUGHVWHFRORFD
VHXPDODWDRXXPDJDUUDID3(7FRUWDGDDXPWHUoRGHVHXELFRQRRULItFLRGHHQWUDGDGDV
FROPHLDV,VWRGLFXOWDDVODJDUWL[DVDOFDQoDUHPDVDEHOKDV

Aves
 'LYHUVDV DYHV VmR LQLPLJDV GDV DEHOKDV LQGtJHQDV FRPR 3LFDSDXV RV GR JrQHUR
7LUDQDDRTXDOSHUWHQFHPRV%HPWHYLVHRV6LULULV8PDDYHFRQKHFLGDSRU$OPDGH*DWR
Piena caienaWHPFDXVDGRDOJXQVHVWUDJRVDRVPHOLSRQiULRV2VHVWUDJRVFDXVDGRVSRUDYHV
QDPDLRULDGDVYH]HVQmRVmRVpULRVHQWUHWDQWRGHYHVHHVWDUDWHQWRSRLVFDVRVHMDQHFHVViULR
DOJXPDVPHGLGDVGHYHPVHUWRPDGDV([HPSORFRORFDUHVSDQWDOKRVUHYHVWLUDVFDL[DVFRP
SODFDVGH DOXPtQLRRXFKDSDVGHUDLRV;

50
 Mamferos
 'HQWUHRVPDPtIHURVTXHFDXVDPSUHRFXSDomRPDLVVpULDHQFRQWUDVHD,UDUDEira
barbeiraTXHpXPJUDQGHDSUHFLDGRUGHPHO (PHVWDGRQDWXUDOpJUDQGHLQLPLJRGDVDEHOKDV
GR JrQHUR $SLV H GH PHOLSRQtGHRV 2V WDWXV WDPEpP SRGHP FDXVDU JUDQGHV SUHMXt]RV
(QWUHWDQWRRVPHOLSRQtGHRVQRUPDOPHQWHVmRFULDGRVSUy[LPRjVFDVDVHHVVHVPDPtIHURV
QmRVmRSUHGDGRUHVLPSRUWDQWHV'HYHVHFXLGDUGHXPPDUVXSLDOTXHVHFULDSUy[LPR D
PRUDGLDVHSRGHFDXVDUFRQVLGHUiYHOSUHMXt]RRJDPEi

Abelhas ladras
 ([LVWHPDOJXPDVHVSpFLHVGHDEHOKDVFRPRDLestremellita limoTXHYLYHPDSHQDV
GHVDTXHDRXWUDVFROPHLDV(ODVQmRFROHWDPRSUySULRDOLPHQWRVmRWmRHVSHFLDOL]DGDVHP
URXERTXHQmRSRVVXHPFRUEtFXODV$PHOKRUVROXomRpGHVWUXLUDFROPHLDGDVDEHOKDVTXH
HVWLYHUHPSLOKDQGRRPHOLSRQiULR

Figura 24: Ninho de abelha Iratim ou Limo.

Figura 24A: Ataque de abelha Limo em ninho de Mirim instalada em toco original.

51
12. Os produtos das abelhas
Mel
 eRQpFWDUFROKLGRGDVRUHVHOHYDGRSDUDGHQWURGDFRO{QLDRQGHpGHVLGUDWDGRH
WUDQVIRUPDGRHPPHOHDUPD]HQDGRGHQWURGHSRWHV2PHO GDVDEHOKDVVHPIHUUmRDSUHVHQWD
FRPSRVLomRGLIHUHQWHGRGHApis melliferapPDLVXLGRHVyVHFULVWDOL]DPXLWROHQWDPHQWH

Figura 25: Mel de Jata aps processamento

Plen
 e R SULQFLSDO DOLPHQWR SDUD DV DEHOKDV QD IRUPD ODUYDO H UHFpPQDVFLGDV $SyV
FROHWDGRQDVRUHVpWUDQVSRUWDGRSDUDDFRO{QLDQDVFRUEtFXODVGDVRSHUiULDVeHVWRFDGR
HP SRWHV H VRIUH DOWHUDo}HV GHYLGR j IHUPHQWDomR &RQIRUPH D pSRFD GR DQR SRGHPRV
HQFRQWUDUSyOHQDUPD]HQDGRFRPGLYHUVDVFRUHVGHSHQGHQGRGDRULJHPRUDO4XDQGRRV
SRWHV GH PHO HVWLYHUHP DEHUWRV DV DEHOKDV RV HVWmR XWLOL]DQGR SDUD DOLPHQWDomR 4XDQGR
HVWLYHUHPIHFKDGRVpOL[RREVHUYDomRGRSURIHVVRU+DUROG%UDQGELyORJRHFULDGRUGH
PHOLSRQtGHRV

Figura 26: Potes de plen. | Figura 26A: Plen sem invlucro de cera.

52
Figura 26B: Plen recm colhido.
Cera
 eXPDVHFUHomRGDVJOkQGXODV FHUtJHQDVORFDOL]DGDVQRGRUVRGDVDEHOKDVQDWLYDV
2V]DQJ}HVGRVPHOLSRQtGHRVWDPEpPVHFUHWDPFHUD$VSHTXHQDVSODFDVGHFHUDSXUDVmR
SRVWDVHPGHSyVLWRVJHUDOPHQWHVREUHRLQYyOXFURRXHPSRWHVVREUHDVTXDLVDVDEHOKDV
PLVWXUDPSUySROLVSDUDIRUPDURFHUXPH2FHUXPHpRPDWHULDOEiVLFRSDUDDFRQVWUXomR
GRVGLVFRVGHFULDGRLQYyOXFURHGRVSRWHV

Figura 27: A cera parte constituinte do ninho.

Figura 27A: Cera processada de potes, lamelas e discos de cria.
Prpolis
 $UHVLQD pRSURGXWRH[VXGDGRSRUPXLWDVSODQWDVTXHpPLVWXUDGRFRPVHFUHo}HV
JODQGXODUHVGDVDEHOKDVIRUPDQGRDSUySROLV1DVDEHOKDVVHPIHUUmRDSUySROLVJHUDOPHQWH
HVWi DVVRFLDGD j FHUD H EDUUR SDUD VHU XVDGR QD FRQVWUXomR JHUDO FDODIHWDomR GH IHQGDV
(VWDpDSUySROLVGHFRQVWUXomRHUHJXODomRGHFDORU$SUySROLVGHGHIHVDpXVDGDSDUDD
LPRELOL]DomRGHLQVHWRVLQYDVRUHVGHIHVDGLUHWDGDFRO{QLDFRQWUDLQLPLJRV

53
Figura 28: Prpolis de defesa.
Figura 28A: Produo abundante de geoprpolis em ninho de Mandaaia

13. O aproveitamento do mel

 $VDEHOKDVLQGtJHQDVVHPIHUUmRJXDUGDPRPHOHPSRWHVIHLWRVGHFHUXPHHPYROWD
GRQLQKR4XDQGRXPDERDTXDQWLGDGHHVWLYHUDUPD]HQDGDSRGHPRVID]HUDFROKHLWD
 3DUDQyVGDUHJLmR6XOQRUPDOPHQWHHODpUHDOL]DGDDSyVDVRUDGDVRTXHRFRUUH
GHRXWXEURDIHYHUHLUR
 $QWHV GH FRPHoDU H GXUDQWH R WUDEDOKR p SUHFLVR GDU DWHQomR SDUD RV VHJXLQWHV
DVSHFWRV
2VQLQKRVGHYHPVHUSURWHJLGRVFRPJXDUGDVROSRLVRVUDLRVXOWUDYLROHWD
PDWDPDVFULDVHPVHJXQGRV
2PDQXVHLRGRPHOSUHFLVDGHPXLWDKLJLHQHHQHQKXPFRQWDWRGLUHWRFRP
DVPmRVSRLVWHPDGHiJXDFRQIRUPHDHVSpFLHHSRGHIHUPHQWDU
IDFLOPHQWH
)LFDUDWHQWRSDUDXPSRVVtYHODWDTXHGHIRUtGHRV
3DUDWUDEDOKDUFRPRPHOHVFROKDXPORFDODPSORDUHMDGRHFRPMDQHODV
JXDUQHFLGDVFRPWHODSULQFLSDOPHQWHVHKRXYHU$SLVSRUSHUWR

Importante
 6HRPHOLSRQiULRWLYHUPDLVGHFDL[DVUHFRPHQGDVHFRQVWUXLUXPDFDVDGHPHO

 $QWHVGHFRPHoDUDWUDEDOKDUFRPPHORRSHUDGRUGHYH
7RPDUEDQKR
9HVWLUJXDUGDSyVREUHDURXSD
9HVWLUWRXFDGHSURWHomRSDUDRVFDEHORV
&RORFDUPiVFDUDVREUHDERFDHQDUL]SUHQGHQGRDWUiVGDVRUHOKDV
/DYDUDVPmRVFRPGHWHUJHQWH
6HFDUDVPmRVFRPSDSHOWRDOKD
8VDUOXYDGHVFDUWiYHO

54
 Materiais necessrios para a colheita e pasteurizao do mel

Fig. 29 - Materiais utilizados na colheita higinica

%DOGHHPDoRLQR[FRPFDSDFLGDGHSDUDOLWURVRXPDLVGHDFRUGRFRPD
TXDQWLGDGHGHFROPHLDVGDPHVPDHVSpFLH
3HQHLUDWLSRFRDGRUXVDGDSDUDRUGHQKDPDQXDOGHYDFD
)UDVFRVGHYLGURJUDQGHVHHVWHULOL]DGRV
3DQRVGHHQ[XJDUORXoDUHFpPODYDGRV
7HUP{PHWURFRPEXOERSURWHJLGRJUDGXDomRGHD&
*DUIRGHDoRLQR[FRPGRLVGHQWHVWLSRSDUDFKXUUDVFR
)UDVFRVGHiOFRRO
)RJmR
3DQHODJUDQGHRXPpGLD
3LDGHDoRLQR[
Colheita do mel

 2PHOGDV$6)QmRpDLQGDFRQVLGHUDGRPHOSHOR0$3$1mRH[LVWHOHJLVODomR'Dt
TXHWDPEpPQmRH[LVWHXPPHUFDGRHVWDEHOHFLGRTXHUSDUDRPHOTXHUSDUDHTXLSDPHQWRV
GHPHOLSRQtFXOWXUD&RQVLGHUDQGRTXHRPHOpXPDOLPHQWRHOHSUHFLVDVHUPDQLSXODGRFRP
RVFXLGDGRVTXHVHGLVSHQVDPDRVDOLPHQWRV'HVGHDORFDOL]DomRGRPHOLSRQiULRTXHGHYH
VHUORQJHGDFULDomRGHRXWURVDQLPDLVFRPRJDOLQKHLURSRUFRVERLVDWpDDJXDDGLVSRVLomR
GDVDEHOKDVTXHSUHFLVDVHUGHERDTXDOLGDGH2VHTXLSDPHQWRVXVDGRVGHYHPVHU GHDoR
LQR[LGiYHO RX SOiVWLFR DWy[LFR H GHYLGDPHQWH KLJLHQL]DGRV DQWHV H DSyV R XVR $QWHV GH
55
LQLFLDUDFROKHLWDRPHOLSRQLFXOWRUGHYHFXLGDUGDKLJLHQHSHVVRDOWRPDQGREDQKRPDQWHU
DVXQKDVOLPSDVHDSDUDGDVXVDUOXYDVGHOiWH[RXSOiVWLFR3DUDRSURFHVVDPHQWRGRPHO
GHYHUiDLQGDXVDUWRFDHSURWHWRUGHERFDHDYHQWDOGHVFDUWiYHO

 ([LVWHP GLYHUVDV PDQHLUDV GH VH FROKHU PHO GH FRO{QLDV DORMDGDV HP FROPHLDV
UDFLRQDLV
 9DPRVGHVFUHYHUDTXHHQWHQGHPRVFRPRPDLVSUiWLFD
a.9LVWDXPDOXYDGHOiWH[RXSOiVWLFRWLSRGHVFDUWiYHO
b.5HWLUHDWDPSDHYHULTXHVHKiPHOHVHYDOHDSHQDFROKHU6HKRXYHU
c.5HWLUHDVPHOJXHLUDVHYiVREUHRFRDGRUGHOHLWHFRPSHQHLUDFRORFDGRVREUH
EDOGHIXUHRVSRWHVFRPRJDUIRGHL[DQGRRPHOHVFRUUHU
d.4XDQGRDSyVDOJXQVPLQXWRVRPHOWLYHUWRGRHVFRUULGRGHYROYDRVVHJPHQWRV
GDFDL[DFRORFDQGRRVVREUHRQLQKR
e.1mRGHL[HSLQJDUPHOVREUHDFDL[D
f.&XEUDRFRDGRUGHOHLWHTXHHVWiVREUHREDOGHFRPXPSDQROLPSR
g.4XDQGRWRGRRPHOIRUFROKLGRMiQDFDVDGHPHORXVDODDGHTXDGDIDoDXPD
VHJXQGDOWUDJHPXVDQGRXPOWURFRQIRUPHDHVSHFLFDomRDEDL[R

Figura 30: Mel colhido aps transferncia colnia de toco para caixa racional
Figura 30A: Mel sendo colhido de melgueira madura de caixa racional.

56
Figura 30B: Mel sendo colhido de caixa racional.
Processamento do mel: &RPRGLWRDQWHULRUPHQWHSDUDLQLFLDURSURFHVVDPHQWR
D SHVVRD GHYH HVWDU GHYLGDPHQWH YHVWLGD FRP WRFD SURWHWRU GH ERFD OXYDV H DYHQWDO
GHVFDUWiYHLV
h. )LOWUDJHP $SyV R PHO WHU VLGR FROKLGR GDV PHOJXHLUDV SURFHGHVH D XPD
OWUDJHPFRPOWURVGHSROLpVWHUPXOWLODPHQWRVFRPRVSRUSROHJDGDTXDGUDGDHP
YLGURHVWHULOL]DGR
)LOWUR3ROLpVWHUJ0XOWLODPHQWRFRPRVSRUSRO
i.(PVHJXLGDSDUWDSDUDRSURFHVVRGHSDVWHXUL]DomR

Figura 31: Filtro Polister 35G. | Figura 31A: Mel sendo filtrado.

57
 Processo de pasteurizao
 $SDVWHXUL]DomRpIHLWDGDVHJXLQWHIRUPD
a.(VWHULOL]HRVIUDVFRVGHYLGURFRQIRUPHDTXDQWLGDGHGHPHO
b.(PXPUHFLSLHQWHSDQHODFRPXPDJUDGHGHPDGHLUDRXXPSDQRGHSUDWR
GREUDGRQRIXQGRFRORTXHRVIUDVFRVFRPPHO
c. /HYH R UHFLSLHQWH DR IRJR PH[HQGR R PHO FRQWLQXDPHQWH FRP R SUySULR
WHUP{PHWURSDUDKRPRJHQHL]DU

Figura 32: Incio da pasteurizao do mel dentro de cada vidro mexa o tempo todo.
Figura 32A: Mel: detalhe da pasteurizao.

Figura 32B: Detalhe do mel atingindo 72C.

58
 d.(QTXDQWRHVWLYHUPH[HQGRFRQWUROHDWHPSHUDWXUDGRPHO
e.4XDQGRDWLQJLU&GHL[HPDLVVHJXQGRVPH[HQGRVHPSUHSDUDTXHWRGDD
PDVVDGRPHODWLQMDHVVDWHPSHUDWXUDHWLUHDSDQHODGRIRJR
f.5HWLUHRVIUDVFRVGRUHFLSLHQWHHFRORTXHRVHPFLPDGHXPSDQRGHSUDWROLPSR
g.$JRUDFRPDSHQHLUDGHSROLpVWHUGXSODIDoDQRYDOWUDJHP

Figura 32C: Mel aps atingir 72C sendo duplamente filtrado com filtro 35 G.
Figura 32D: Mel pronto para envase.
h.(QYDVHHFXEUDRVIUDVFRVFRPWHFLGRSDUDTXHQmRFDLDPDEHOKDVRXRXWURV
LQVHWRV
i.7DPSHRVIUDVFRVTXDQGRHVWLYHUHPIULRV
j.,GHQWLTXHRVIUDVFRVHJXDUGHRVHPORFDOVHFRHHVFXUR

2XWUDVWpFQLFDVGHEHQHFLDPHQWR

1. Refrigerao: &RQVLVWHHP FROKHURPHOOWUiORHQYDViORHDFRQGLFLRQiORHPJHODGHLUD

DXPDWHPSHUDWXUDHQWUHGRLVHTXDWURJUDXV&HOVLXV

'HVXPLGLFDomReDUHWLUDGDGHiJXDGRSURGXWRGHL[DQGRRFRPRXXPSRXFR
PHQRVGHiJXD

3. Maturao: (VWH PpWRGR p EDVHDGR QD REVHUYDomR TXH GHSRLV GH DOJXP WHPSR GH
DUPD]HQDPHQWRDIHUPHQWDomRGRPHOVHHVWDELOL]D

Preparo para a comercializao no varejo

 3RUQmRHVWDUDLQGDVXFLHQWHPHQWHHVFODUHFLGRRDVVXQWRGHYHRPHOLSRQLFXOWRU
GLVFXWLURDVVXQWRGHLQVSHomRVLIDJHPGRVHXPHOFRPVXD$VVRFLDomRRX&RRSHUDWLYD

59
14. As perspectivas da meliponicultura no Brasil
 )RLGXUDQWHRSHUtRGRFRORQLDOTXHR%UDVLOH[SRUWDYDPHOGHPHOLSRQtGHRVSDUD
3RUWXJDO H R PHO HUD R SULQFLSDO DGRoDQWH (P  D HQWUDGD GD FDQD GH Do~FDU H R
HVWDEHOHFLPHQWRGRVHQJHQKRVIRUDPOHQWDHJUDGDWLYDPHQWHWLUDQGRRHVSDoRGRPHOGDV
DEHOKLQKDVVHPIHUUmRFRPRDGRoDQWH
 2PHOGHSDXRXGHDEHOKDVQDWLYDVVHPSUHWHYHRVVHXVDSUHFLDGRUHVVHMDSHORVHX
VDERU~QLFRVHMDSHORTXHUHSUHVHQWDPDVDEHOKDVVHPIHUUmR
 $QRVVRYHUDHVWHPHOpUHVHUYDGRXPIXWXURPXLWRSURPLVVRU
 'H PDQHLUD JHUDO DV FROPHLDV SURGX]HP SRXFR HQWmR p Vy DXPHQWDU D VXD
TXDQWLGDGH1mRGHYHPRVHVTXHFHUTXHSDUDFDGDWRQHODGDGHPLQpULRREWHPRVWmRVRPHQWH
DJUDPDVGHRXUR%DVWDFRPSDUDU
 $SyV D HQWUDGD GR JrQHUR $SLV H HP  DWp  DV DEHOKDV HXURSHLDV Apis
MelliferaGRPLQDUDPGR5LRGH-DQHLURSDUDRVXOGRSDtVRLQWHUHVVHPDLRUGRVFULDGRUHV
 eLQHJiYHOTXHDDEHOKD$SLVFRQFRUUHXFRPDVDEHOKDVQDWLYDVPDVRVKDELWDQWHV
HLPLJUDQWHVLQWHUHVVDUDPVHPDLVSHODSURGXomRVLJQLFDWLYDHPTXDQWLGDGHHPUHODomRDR
SRXFRPHOSURGX]LGRSHORVPHOLSRQtGHRVHWDPEpPSHORGHVFRQKHFLPHQWRJHUDOVREUHHOHV
 $DEHUWXUDGHHVWUDGDVRVFLFORVHFRQ{PLFRVVXFHVVLYRVGRSDXEUDVLOGDFDQDGH
Do~FDUGDSHFXiULDHDVJUDQGHVH[WHQV}HVGDPRQRFXOWXUDGRFDIpDOLDGDjDomRSUHGDWyULD
GDFRLYDUDFRQWULEXtUDPVLJQLFDWLYDPHQWHSDUDDGLPLQXLomRGRVPHOLSRQtGHRVHPJHUDO
GHQRUWHDVXOGRSDtV
 2Do~FDUSURGX]LGRSDVVRXDVHURSULQFLSDODGRoDQWHTXHWHYHSURIXQGDVLQXrQFLDV
VREUH RV KiELWRV DOLPHQWDUHV GD JUDQGH PDVVD GH LPLJUDQWHV HXURSHXV TXH RFXSDUDP RV
HVSDoRVGR%UDVLOVXO
 6RPHQWHQR3DUDQiGHSDUDFiSRGHPRVFRQWDURLQJUHVVRGHHWQLDV
 (QWUHWDQWRDPHOLSRQLFXOWXUDEUDVLOHLUDHVWiQRYDPHQWHUHQDVFHQGRHPYLUWXGHGRV
ULVFRVDPELHQWDLVTXHDSRVVtYHOH[WLQomRGHVVHVHVWRTXHVSRGHULDFDXVDU
 $V iUYRUHV GH JUDQGH SRUWH SURGX]HP PLFUR RUHV TXH VmR SROLQL]DGDV SHORV
PHOLSRQtGHRV
 2 GHVDSDUHFLPHQWR GDV DEHOKDV LQGtJHQDV VHP IHUUmR WUDUi FRQVHTXrQFLDV
LPSUHYLVtYHLVSDUDRPHLRDPELHQWH
'LPLQXLomRGRVFXUVRVGiJXD
'LPLQXLomRGDIHUWLOLGDGHGRVROR
'LPLQXLomRGRVLVWHPDHYDSRWUDQVSLUDomRSHODGLPLQXLomRGDV PDWDV
'LPLQXLomRVLJQLFDWLYDGDEDVHDOLPHQWDUGRVSiVVDURVELFKRVHURHGRUHV
HPIXQomRGDFDUrQFLDGHIUXWRVHEDJDVGHTXHVHDEDVWHFHDQDWXUH]D
YLYHQWH
 $VVLP HQWHQGHPRV TXH SUHVHUYDU RV PHOLSRQtGHRV p FRQWULEXLU SDUD R QRVVR
SUySULREHPHVWDU

60
Anexos
Anexo I

Verniz de Prpolis
 3UySROLVpREWLGDDSDUWLUGDUHVLQDGDViUYRUHVTXHVHRULJLQDGDVHLYDHpXVDGD
SHODVDEHOKDVSDUDIHFKDUIUHVWDVQDFROPHLDLVWRpSUySROLVGHFDODIHWDomR$SUySROLVGH
GHIHVDpXPDVXEVWkQFLDSHJDMRVDTXHpDSOLFDGDQRVLQLPLJRVTXHRXVDPLQYDGLUVHXVQLQKRV
 $SUySROLVpWDPEpPXVDGDSDUDEHVXQWDURLQWHULRUGRQLQKRHFULDUXPDULVHQWR
GHEDFWpULDVIXQJRVRXYtUXV3RUWDQWRSURWHJHDVDEHOKDVQDVXDVD~GH3RULVVRRDUGR
LQWHULRUGHXPDFROPHLDpFRQVLGHUDGRPDLVSXURTXHRDUGHXPD87,GHKRVSLWDO
 3RUHVWDV UD]}HVWRGDSUySROLVWHPVLGRPXLWRSHVTXLVDGDHQFRQWUDQGRVHLQ~PHUDV
XWLOLGDGHVSDUDRXVR KXPDQR2H[WUDWRDOFRyOLFRGHSUySROLVpREWLGRDSDUWLUGDH[WUDomR
GRVVHXVSULQFtSLRVDWLYRVSHORiOFRRO(VVDH[WUDomRGHL[DUHVtGXRVRXERUUDTXHpXVDGDSDUD
DIDEULFDomRGRYHUQL]GHSUySROLVXWLOL]DGRSDUDSLQWDUDVFDL[DVGDVDEHOKDVHGDUDHODVXP
DPELHQWHDJUDGiYHOHIDYRUiYHO

Ingredientes:
%RUUDGHSUySROLVNJ
OFRRO*/ OWV
$]HLWHGHFR]LQKDXVDGRHOWUDGRPO

Modo de preparo:
3HVHDERUUDDFRQGLFLRQHHPXPEDOGHGHSOiVWLFRJUDQGHHDGLFLRQHRiOFRRO
7DPSHREDOGH'LDULDPHQWHSRUPDLVRXPHQRVDGLDVPH[DREDOGHSDUD
PLVWXUDUEHPDERUUDFRPRiOFRRO
 $RQDOGHVVHSHUtRGRGHVWDPSHREDOGHHOWUHRFRQWH~GRFRPXPSDQRGHSUDWR
YHOKR9DLVREUDUXPDERUUDTXHYRFrSRGHUiXVDUSDUDFRORFDUQRIXPHJDGRUFDVRWUDEDOKH
FRP$SLVWDPEpP
 (VVDSUySROLVSRGHVHUDFRQGLFLRQDGDHPJDUUDIDV3(7
 4XDQGRIRUSLQWDUDVFDL[DVPLVWXUHFRPXPSRXFRGHD]HLWHHDSOLTXHFRPSLQFHO
QDVFDL[DV

Importante
 6HIRUXVDUiOFRROGHSRVWRGHFRPEXVWtYHO181&$SLQWDUDVFDL[DVSRUGHQWUR
 'HSRLVGHSLQWDUDVFDL[DVGHL[HDVVHFDUjVRPEUDSRUWUrVDTXDWURGLDV1XQFD
FRORTXHDVDEHOKDVDQWHVGHVVHSUD]RQDVFDL[DV

61
Anexo II

Calendrio de Plantas melferas

5HODomRSDUFLDOQDWLYDVH[yWLFDVHRUHVGHMDUGLP
Nome Popular 1RPH&LHQWtFR Famlia eSRFD
)ORUDomR
$EDFDWHLUR Persea americana /DXUiFHDV $JR6HW
$EyERUD Curcbita mxima &XUFXELWiFHDV 'H])HY
$oRLWD&DYDOR Luehea paniculata )LOLiFHDV -DQ)HY
$FiFLDV A.cultriformis; A.longifolia; /HJXPLQRVDH $EU6HW
A.decurrens
$PRU$JDUUDGLQKR Antigonum leptopus 3ROLJRQiFHDV 6HW2XW
$QJLFRV Piptadenia colubrina; /HJXPLQRVDH 6HW2XW
P.macrocarpa L
$UDoD Psidium araa 0LUWiFHDH 6HW-DQ
$URHLUD Lithraea brasiliensis $QDFDUGLDFHDH 0DU0DL
$VVD3HL[H Vernonia polyanthes &RPSRVWDV -XQ$JR
$VWUDSpLD5% Dombeya wallichii; D (VWHUFXODFHDH 0DL-XO
natalensis
$VWHU ster ODHYLV &RPSRVLWDH 2XW)HY
$]DOpD Rhododendrum indicum (ULFiFHD $EU6HW
%UDFDWLQJD Mimosa scabrella /HJXPLQRVDH 0DL6HW
%DERVD $ORHYHUD /LOLiFHDH -DQ)HY
Beijo Impaciens balsamina %DOVDPLQDFHDH $EU1RY
%LFRGH3DSDJDLR Euphorbia pulcherrima Bignoniaceae $EU-XO
Boldo Iboza riparia /DELDWDH -XQ-XO
&DIp Coffea arbica 5XELiFHDH $JR6HW
&DOLDQGUDV Caliandra twedii; C.selloi; /HJXPLQRVDH $QRWRGR
C.longipes.
&DPEDUi Moquinia polimorpha &RPSRVLWDH $QRWRGR
&DPERDWi &XSDQLDYHUQDOLV 6DQSLGiFHDH -XO1RY
&DQGHLD Verninia difusa &RPSRVLWDH 6HW2XW
&DQHOD%UDQFD Nectandra cuspidate /DXUiFHDH 'H])HY
&DSL[LQJXL &UyWRQRULEXQGXV (XSKRUELDFHDH 1RY)HY

62
 &DUQHGH9DFD Clethra seabra &OHWKUDFHDH -DQ0DU
&DUTXHMDV Baccharis trimera; B. &RPSRVLWDH 6HW)HY
genistelloides
&HUHMHLUD Eugenia caryophyllata 0LUWiFHDH 6HW2XW
&LGUD Citrus medica 5XWiFHDH 6HW1RY
&LSy&KXYDGH Heteropteris aceroides Malpigiaceae $JR2XW
2XUR
&LSyGH6mR-RmR 3\URVWHJLDYHQXVWD3LJQHD Begoniaceae -XQ2XW
&RUDomRGH1HJUR Albizzia lebbeck 'H])HY
&RQJRQKD Ilex theezans $TXLIROLDFHDH 2XW1RY
&KDSpXGH 7KHYHWLDSHUXYLDQD $SRF\QDFHDH 1RY0DU
1DSROHmR
&ROHRV Coleos sp /DELDWDH )HY0DU
&RURDGH&ULVWR Euphorbia nillii (XSKRUELDFHDH $QRWRGR
'HQWHGH/HmR 7DUD[DFXPRIFLQDOH &RPSRVLWDH -XQ1RY
'iOLD Dahlia sp &RPSRVLWDH 1RY'H]
'LHWHV 'LHWHVYHJHWD ,ULGDFHDH -XQ1RY
(UYDV&DQXGR +\SWLVVXDYHROHQV+SHFWLQDWD 0DU$EU
Eucalipto Eucalyptus alba 0LUWiFHDH )HY$EU
Eucalipto Eucalyptus saligna 0LUWiFHDH 0DU6HW
Eucalipto Eucalyptus robusta 0LUWiFHDH -DQ-XQ
Eucalipto Eucalyptus citrodora 0LUWiFHDH 6HW)HY
Eucalipto Eucalyptus rostrata 0LUWiFHDH -XO'H]
Eucalipto Eucalyptus tereiticornis 0LUWiFHDH $EU6HW
Eucalipto (XFDO\SWXVYLPLQDOLV 0LUWiFHDH 2XW1RY
Eucalipto Eucalyptus globulus 0LUWiFHDH 0DL$JR
Emilia Emilia sonchifolia &RPSRVLWDH $EU-DQ
(UYD%RWmR Eclipta alba &RPSRVLWDH 'H])HY
(VSRULQKD Dephinium sp. 5DQXQFXOXDFHDH -XO1RY
)DYD Vicia faba /HJXPLQRVDH -XO
)HLMmRJXDQGX Cajanus indicus /HJXPLQRVDH $EU2XW
)XQFKR )RHQLFXOXPYXOJDUH 8PELOLIHUDH 'H]0DU

63
*LUDVVRO Helianthus annus &RPSRVLWDH 'H])HY
*RLDED 3VLGLXPJXDMDYD 0LUWDFHDH 6HW-DQ
*XDELURED Campomanesia aurea 0LUWDFHDH $JR2XW

*UXPL[DPD Eugenia brasiliensis 0LUWDFHDH 1RY'H]

*XDFR Mikania glomerata &RPSRVWDV -XO$JR

*XDPLULP Myrcia gradilis 0LUWDFHDH 1RY

*XDPLULP, 0\UJHJQLDHYRVPD 0LUWDFHDH 'H]

*XDVVDWRQJD &HVVDULDV\OYHVWULV )ODFDXUWLDFHDH 2XW1RY

*UHYtOLD *UHYtOHDEDQVNVOL 3URWHDFHDH $EU

*XLVRGH&DVFDYHO Crotalria sp. &RPSRVLWDH -DQ)HY

,QJiV Inga fagifolia; I. edulis e outras /HJXPLQRVDH 'H])HY

-DEXWLFDED Myciaria caulifolia 0LUWDFHDH $JR2XW

-DVPLQ(VWUHOD Jasminum azoricum Oleaceae 1RY-DQ

/DUDQMHLUD Citrus aurantium 5XWiFHDH $JR6HW

/LPRHLURV Citrus aurantifolia; C.lemon 5XWiFHDH $QRWRGR

e outros
/L[HLUD Lipia urticoides 'LOHQLiFHDV Set

/RXURGR0DWR Cordia hypoleuca %RUDJLQDFHDH )HY0DU

/HXFHQD Leucaena glauca /HJXPLQRVDH $QRWRGR

0DFLHLUD Pirus malus 5RVDFHDH $JR1RY

0DUJDULGmR Tithonia rotundifolia &RPSRVLWDH $EU0DL

$PDUHOR
0DQMHULFmR Ocimum sp /DELDWDH 2XW0DU

0DULD3UHWLQKD Solanum americana Solanaceae -XQ-XO

64
 0DULDVHP Impaciens sultani %DOVDPLQDFHDH $QRWRGR
9HUJRQKD
0XULFL Byrsonima intermedia 0DOSLJKLDFHDH 'H]0DU

0XVVDPEr Cleome spinosa &DSDUDFHDH 1RY'H]

1DER Brassica napobrassica &UXFLIHUD 2XW)HY

2Q]H+RUDV Mesembryanthemum spectabile $L]RDFHDH 2XW'H]

3rVVHJR Prunus persica 5RVDFHDH -XQ2XW

3LWDQJD (XJHQLDXQLRUD 0LUWDFHDH 6HW2XW

3DOPHLUD Archontophoenix 3DOPDH 0DU0DL

cunninghamiana
3LFmR3UHWR Bidens pilosa &RPSRVLWDH $JR$EU

3LFmR%UDQFR *DOLQVRJDSDUYLRUD &RPSRVLWDH 6HW1RY

6LELSLUXQD Cesalpinia peltophoroides /HJXPLQRVDH 6HW'H]

6HWH6DQJULDV Cuphea mesostyemon /\WUDFHDH 2XW1RY

6DEXJXHLUR Sambucus australis &DSVLIROLDFHDH 1RY'H]

6iOYLD 6DOYLDVSOHQGHQV /DELDWDH $EU

6HQVLWLYD Mimosa pudica /HJXPLQRVDH 'H]

6XLQm Erytrina mulungu /HJXPLQRVDH -XO$JR

7DPDULQGR Tamarindus indica /HJXPLQRVDH 0DL'H]

7DQJHULQD Citrus reticulata 5XWiFHDH $JR6HW

7UDSRHUDEDV Commelina agrria; 0DU-XO

Tradescantia sp.
7UHYRV Trifolium spp. /HJXPLQRVDH $EU1RY

7XSLi Alchomea iricurana (XSKRUELDFHDH 0DU-XO

65
 7XLD Thuya occidentalis 7D[DGLDFHDH

7LSXDQD Tipuana speciosa /HJXPLQRVDH 2XW1RY

7R[LFRGHQGURQ 7R[LFRGHQGUXPYHUQLFLIHUXP $QDFDUGLDFHDH 1RY

8QKDGH*DWR Accia iacerans /HJXPLQRVDH

8QKDGH9DFD %DXKLQLDIRUFDWD /HJXPLQRVDH -DQ)HY

8YDGR-DSmR +RYHQLDGXOFLV 5DPQDFHDH 'H])HY

9DVVRXUDGH)ORU &RPSRVLWDH )HY0DU

%UDQFD
9DVVRXUDGH)ORUHV Vermonia scorpioides &RPSRVLWDH 6HW'H]
$]XLV
9DVVRXUD9HUPHOKD 'RGRQDHDYLVFRVD Spidaceae -DQ)HY

9DVVRXULQKD Baccharis dracunculifolia &RPSRVLWDH $EU0DL

Vedelia Wedelia paludosa &RPSRVLWDH 2XW'H]

Anexo III

Receitas a base de mel de Melipondeos

 $V DEHOKDV GR JrQHUR 0HOLSRQD SURGX]HP PpLV WHUDSHXWLFDPHQWH PXLWR PDLV
SRGHURVRVGRTXHRPHOWUDGLFLRQDOGDVDEHOKDV$SLV
 1RVVDVPDWDVRIHUHFHPPDLVGLYHUVLGDGHVERWkQLFDRTXHSHUPLWHDFRQFHQWUDomR
GHH[FHSFLRQDLVSURSULHGDGHVIDUPDFROyJLFDVHWHUDSrXWLFDV
 $VQRVVDVDEHOKDVFRPRD-DWDtD0DQGDoDLDHPXLWDVRXWUDVSURGX]HPXPPHOGH
TXDOLGDGHVXSHULRUTXHp PXLWRXWLOL]DGRQRWUDWDPHQWRGHGLYHUVDVGRHQoDVFRPRUHPpGLR
SRSXODU
 1mRKiXPDGHVFULomRRFLDOVREUHRVHIHLWRVPHGLFLQDLVGHVVHVPpLVHQWUHWDQWR
VDEHVH TXH WRGRV WrP DomR W{QLFD DQWLR[LGDQWH YLWDOL]DGRUD DQWLDQrPLFD H QXWULWLYD
VHQGRHPVXDPDLRULDLQGLFDGRVSDUDRWUDWDPHQWRGHWRGRVRVWLSRVGHWRVVHJULSHVQDV
FRQYDOHVFHQoDVHIRUWDOHFLPHQWRGDVIXQo}HVRUJkQLFDV
 2PHOGHPHOLSRQtGHRVHVWiPXLWROLJDGRDVQRVVDVWUDGLo}HVWHUDSrXWLFDVQDWXUDLV
SULQFLSDOPHQWHQRQRUGHVWHEUDVLOHLUR
 1DUHJLmRVXORQGH DFRORQL]DomRHXURSHLDIRLPXLWRIRUWHDVDEHOKDV$SLVVmRPDLV
FRQKHFLGDVHSRUFRQVHTXrQFLDWDPEpPRVHXPHO

66
 O mel de melipondeos para uso geral
 2PHOSRGHVHUDSOLFDGRHPIHULGDVPHVPRDEHUWDVDUUDQKDGXUDVHVFRULDo}HVH
PDFKXFDGRVQmRKHPRUUiJLFRVFREULQGRVHGHSRLVFRPDWDGXUDVFRPyWLPRVUHVXOWDGRV

Mel para queimaduras

 3DUDTXHLPDGXUDVQmRPXLWRJUDYHVDSOLFDUXPDQDFDPDGDGHPHOGHPHOLSRQtGHRV
RX PHVPRPHOGH$SLV2PHOUHGX]DGRUHDFHOHUDRSURFHVVRGHFLFDWUL]DomR

Blsamo com mel para os olhos

 0LVWXUDUPXLWREHPGXDVFROKHUHVGHFKiGHPHOGHPHOLSRQtGHRVFRPDPHVPD
TXDQWLGDGHGHyOHRGHJpUPHQGHWULJRHDSOLFDUSHODPDQKmVREUHDVSiOSHEUDV

Infeco dos rins

 0LVWXUDU XP FRSR GH iJXD PRUQD FRP GXDV FROKHUDGDV GH FDQHOD HP Sy H XPD
FROKHUDGDGHPHO7RPDUSHODPDQKmHDWDUGH

Resfriados
 0LVWXUDUXPDFROKHUGHVRSDGH PHOGHPHOLSRQtGHRVDPRUQDGRFRPGHFROKHU
GHFKiGHFDQHODHPSyHWRPDUFRPIUHTXrQFLDeLQGLFDGRWDPEpPSDUDWUDWDUVLQXVLWHV
WRVVHUHFRUUHQWHHJDVHVQRHVW{PDJR

Tosse
 )D]HUXP[DURSHHVTXHQWDQGRGXDVFROKHUHVGHVRSDGHVXFRGHOLPmRHXPDFROKHU
GHVRSDGHPHOGHPHOLSRQtGHRV7RPDUGXDVDWUrVYH]HVDRGLD

Mel para feridas e queimaduras

 2 PHO GH PHOLSRQtGHRV p H[FHOHQWH SDUD FXUDU  H IHFKDU IHULGDV H TXHLPDGXUDV
4XDQGRDVIHULGDV VmRJUDQGHVRPHOSRGHVHUDSOLFDGRHWDSDGRFRPJD]H3DUDGHVSUHQGr
ORGDVIHULGDVEDVWDPROKiORFRPiJXDPRUQD

Para limpar a pele

 JUDPDVGHPHOGHPHOLSRQtGHRVGXDVFROKHUHVGHVRSDOLWURGHiJXDTXHQWH
 'LVVROYHURPHOQDiJXDHDFUHVFHQWDUPDLVGRLVOLWURVGHiJXDPRUQD/DYDURURVWR
HRSHVFRoRSRUFHUFDGHPLQXWRV(Q[DJXDUFRPiJXDPRUQD

Creme facial
 JUDPDVGHPHOGHPHOLSRQtGHRVJUDPDVGHIDULQKDGHWULJRGH[tFDUD
POGHiJXDGHFRSR
 0LVWXUDU EHP /LPSDU EHP D SHOH DSOLFDU XPD FRPSUHVVD TXHQWH SDUD DEULU RV
SRURVHPHOKRUDUDFLUFXODomR$SOLFDUXPDFDPDGDQDGHFUHPHFRPXPDOJRGmRHGHL[DU
PLQXWRV(Q[DJXDUFRPiJXDPRUQD

Creme para as mos

 JUDPDVGHPHOGHPHOLSRQtGHRVFROKHUGHVRSDJHPDVGHRYRJUDPDV
GHEDQKDGHSRUFRFROKHUGHVRSDJUDPDVGHDPrQGRDVPRtGDVFROKHUGHVRSD

67
JRWDVGHHVVrQFLDGHDPrQGRDV
 $PROHFHUDEDQKDPLVWXUDUDVJHPDVDVDPrQGRDVHDHVVrQFLDDWpIRUPDUXPD
SDVWD*XDUGDUHPXPIUDVFRSUySULR8VDUHVIUHJDQGRXPSRXFRQDVPmRVDWpVHUDEVRUYLGR

Tratamento das vias respiratrias

 JUDPDVGHPHOGHPHOLSRQtGHRVJUDPDVGHJHQJLEUH/DYDUEHPRJHQJLEUH
HFRUWDUHPSHTXHQDVIDWLDV$FUHVFHQWDURPHOGHL[DUGLDVHPPDFHUDomRH GHSRLVVHUYLU
XPDFROKHUGH VRSDDQWHVGDVUHIHLo}HVDRVDGXOWRVHXPDFROKHUGHFKiSDUDDVFULDQoDV

Anexo IV

2WUDEDOKRSURVVLRQDOFRPDVDEHOKDV
 'HXPDPDQHLUDJHUDOSRGHPRVGL]HUTXHGHWRGDVDVFULDo}HVTXHRKRPHPVH
SURS}HDUHDOL]DUDVDEHOKDVVmRFRPWRGDDFHUWH]DDVTXHPDLVGHSHQGHPGRFOLPD
 3RU TXH LVVR DFRQWHFH" 3RUTXH R FLFOR GDV DEHOKDV HVWi LQWLPDPHQWH OLJDGR FRP
SHUtRGRVGHDEXQGkQFLDHHVFDVVH]TXHSRUVXDYH]HVWiOLJDGRiVHVWDo}HVGRDQR
 3ULPDYHUDYHUmRRXWRQRLQYHUQR
 6HRFOLPDHVWLYHUGHQWURGHXPDUHJXODULGDGHHRPHOLSRQLFXOWRU]HUVXDSDUWHQR
PDQHMRFRPFHUWH]DKDYHUiDEXQGkQFLDQDFROKHLWD
 0DVRSURGXWRUSRGHID]HUDSDUWHTXHOKHFRPSHWHQRPDQHMRVHRFOLPDQmRIRU
UHJXODUDFROKHLWDVHUiIUDFDRXPHVPRDXVHQWH
 $VDEHOKDVVmR LQWHOLJHQWHVHGHVGHWHPSRV LPHPRULDLVHODVDXPHQWDPVHXSODQWHO
QDVpSRFDVGHDEXQGkQFLDHRUHGX]HPHPpSRFDVGHHVFDVVH]
 $VVLPHODVVHFRQGLFLRQDPHQWUHRXWUDVFRLVDVDWUDEDOKDUGHDFRUGRFRPRTXH
FKDPDPRVGHX[RVGHQpFWDU
 (DVHVWDo}HVGRDQRYDULDPGHUHJLmRSDUDUHJLmRGHDFRUGRFRPXPDVpULHGH
IDWRUHVDOWLWXGHORQJLWXGHVDOLQLGDGHXPLGDGHUHODWLYDODWLWXGHSOXYLRVLGDGHLQWHQVLGDGH
OXPLQRVDHWF
 $VVLP HPERUD D FKHJDGD GD SULPDYHUD VHMD RFLDOPHQWH FRPHPRUDGD GLD  GH
VHWHPEURQmRVLJQLFDTXHHPWRGRVRVOXJDUHVHODFRPHFHQHVWDGDWD
 $HVWDomRGDVRUHVSRGHVHDGLDQWDURXDWUDVDUFRQIRUPHDUHJLmR
 eDtTXHRVFULDGRUHVGHDEHOKDGHYHPHVWDUOLJDGRVHVHSRVVtYHOID]HUXPPDSD
GDVSULQFLSDLVRUDo}HVGHVXDUHJLmRHTXDLVDViUYRUHVPHOtIHUDVTXDQGRLQLFLDHTXDQGR
WHUPLQDDRUDomRSRLVVyDtHVWDUmRID]HQGRVXDOLomRGHFDVD
 $YROWDGDUHJXODULGDGHGRFOLPDpRXWUDFRLVDGHYHVHUXPJUDQGHHVIRUoRGHWRGRV
QyV$SROXLomRGRDUGDViJXDVGRVRORVy SRGHUiVHUVDQDGRDWUDYpVGHXPDWRPDGDGH
FRQVFLrQFLD

68
 As principais tarefas a serem executadas nas diversas pocas do ano so:

Atividades / Meses J F M A M J J A S O N D
5HYLV}HVSHULyGLFDV
&RPEDWHSUHYIRUtGHR
&ROKHLWDGRPHO
&DSWXUDGHHQ[DPHV
'LYLVmRGHFRO{QLDV
5RoDUDRUHGRUGDVFROPHLDV
6XEVWLWXLUFDL[DVGHWHULRUDGDV
$YDOLDUTXDQWLGDGHHVWRTXH
de alimento
)RUWDOHFLPHQWRGHFRO{QLDV
$YDOLDUSRVWXUD
&ROKHLWDGHSUySROLV

Anexo V

No estado do Paran: Lista parcial das espcies encontradas:

1RPHFLHQWtFR Nome popular

Plebia droriana )ULHVH PLULPGURULDQD
Plebia emerina )ULHVH PLULPHPHULQD
Plebia remota +ROPEHUJ PLULPJXDoXPLULPUHPRWD
Plebia saiqui )ULHVH PLULPVDLTXLVDLTXL
Plebia nigriceps )ULHVH PLULPQLJULFHSV
Plebia catamarcensis +ROPEHUJ PLULP
Plebia wittmanni 0RXUHH&DPDUJR PLULPPRVTXLWR
Plebia mosquito 6PLWK PLULPWXMXYLQKD
Plebia sp PRVTXLWRPLULPRXUHPHOD
Mourella caerulea )ULHVH PLULPGHFKmRRXELHLUD

69
 * Plebia schwartziana quadripuntacta JXLUXo~JLUXo~PHOGRFKmR
/HSHOHWLHU
Nannotrigona testaceicornis /HSHOHWLHU LUDLODPEHVXRUFDPXOHQJRYLXUD
Paratrigona subnuda 0RXUH MDWDtGDWHUUD
7HWUDJRQDFODYLSHV)DEULFLXV ERUiYRUi
Trigona hyalinata /HSHOHWLHU [XSpJX[XSp
Scaptotrigona bipuntacta /HSHOHWLHU WXEXQD
Scaptotrigona depilis 0RXUH FDQXGRWRUFHFDEHORPDQGDJXDULVHP
SHORV
Scaptotrigona postica PDQGDJXDULFDQXGR
Scaptotrigona xanthotricha 0RXUH PDQGDJXDULDPDUHODFDQXGRWURPEHWD
Trigona spinipes )DEULFLXV LUDSXDSUHWDFUREyDUDSXiDUDSXi
Tetragonisca angustula /DWUHLOOH MDWDt
Lestremelitta limo 6PLWK DEHOKDOLPmRLUDWLLUDWLPLUD[LP
* Lestremelitta eherhardti VXEHVSpFLHGDOLPmR
Leurotrigona muelleri )ULHVH ODPEHROKRV
* Melipona bicolor /HSHOHWLHU JXDUDLSR
Melipona marginata obscurior 0RXUH PDQGXUL
Melipona quadrifasciata, quadrifasciata PDQGDoDLD
/HSHOHWLHU
* Melipona bicolor, bicolor /HSHOHWLHU JXDUXSXJXLUXSXJXDUDLSR
Melipona bicolor schenki *ULERGR JXDUDLSRVXOLQDJXDUXSXFXUXSXSUHWD
Melipona marginata /HSHOHWLHU PDQGXUL
Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides /HSHOHWLHU PDQGDoDLDVXEHVSOLVWDV
 LQWHQUURPSLGDV
* Melipona quinquefaciata /HSHOHWLHU PDQGDoDLDGRFKmRRXGDWHUUD
0HOLSRQDUXYHQWULV/HSHOHWLHU XUXoXDPDUHODWLXYDWXMXED
* Oxitrigona tataira 6PLWK WDWDLUDFDJDIRJR
* Cephalotrigona capitata PRPEXFmRRXSDSDWHUUD

FRUUHPULVFRGHH[WLQomR

70
Bibliografia
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8QLYHUVLGDGHGH%UDVtOLD

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6RVWHQLELOLGDG0p[LFR

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71
%RQWHPSR0DUFLR0HO8PDYLGDGRFHHVDXGiYHO(GLWRUD$OD~GH6mR3DXOR

6KHYHOHY,JRU)OHLVFKHU/RV0DUDYLOORVRV7DSH]XD$EHMDVVLQ$JLMyQHGLFLRQ
$VXQFLyQ

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6LVWHPiWLFDGH,GHQWLFDomR)XQGDomR$UDXFiULDHGLomR%HOR+RUL]RQWH

72