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DEVELOPMENT
Outcomes & Evidence
Progress Inventory*
MINOR IN LEADERSHIP STUDIES
Center for Student Leadership Development
Memorial Union
University of Rhode Island
*The Outcomes & Evidence Progress Inventory is the intellectual property of the Center for Student Leadership Development (CSLD)
at the University of Rhode Island and cannot be reproduced in part, or in its entirety, without the written permission of the acting As-
sistant Director of the CSLD.
Leadership Inventory Revised 08/22/2017 1
CONTENTS
ABOUT THE MINOR & CENTER FOR STUDENT LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT (information included)
Center for Student Leadership Development Information
Minor Information
Developmental Model
OUTCOMES
Outcomes (Self-Leadership, Interpersonal and Organizational, Leadership Theories, Inclusive Leadership,
Critical Thinking)
Targeted Classes
Experiences
Evidence
GENERAL INFORMATION
Regardless of your major, you can minor in Leadership Studies.
Requirements may be satisfied by completing 18 or more credits related to leadership and offered by more than one department.
Twelve (12) of the 18 credits must be at the 200 level of instruction or above. A course grade of C or better must be earned in each graded course. At least 12 of the credits
must be earned at URI.
No course may be used to apply to both the major and minor fields of study. Courses in General Education or for other minors may be used for the minor* (*this does not
apply to students in the College of Business). With the exception of internship credit, all courses for the minor must be taken for a grade. The Introductory class must be taken
before the internship and the capstone course.
Application for the minor must be filed in your academic deans office no later than the beginning of the final semester or term.
Introductory Course HDF 190: FLITE Only offered in spring for first-year students
3 credits or
HDF 290: Modern Leadership Issues Offered Fall and Spring for sophomores & juniors
Internship HDF 417: Leadership Internship Requires 40 hours/credit with a min. of 80 hours & a max. of 120 hours of documented intern-
3 credits or ship experience for graded credit
Experience through Office of Experiential Learning & Community Engagement
or
Internship Class in Academic Major The only time the major and minor can overlap
Capstone HDF 412: Historical, Multi-ethnic & Alternative Leadership Offered only in the fall with preference given to seniors
3 credits or
COM 402: Leadership & Motivation Offered in the spring and summer with Dr. Leatham
or
BUS 441: Leadership Skills Development Offered in the fall and spring with Dr. Cooper
or
HPR 411/412: Honors Senior Seminar
Must be in Honors or have GPA of 3.3
Portfolio HDF 492: Leadership Minor Portfolio Taken last spring semester of enrollment (some exceptions)
1 credit
*Additional classes may be appropriate and therefore added to the list; see CSLD for the most updated list or bring a class that you think should be an elective
You need to have your own act together before you can lead others:
2. Lead Yourself
Time management
Organization
1. Know Yourself Self care
Self discipline
Lead Others Strengths Perseverance
Weaknesses Develop and maintain family, interper-
Values PROGRESS sonal, and intimate relationships
Needs Academic, social, personal goals and ob-
P
Styles jectives
R o Learning
O o Teaching
G o Personality P
R o Membership R
E o Leadership O
S G
RE-EVALUATE R
S
former stages as E
you progress S
4. Develop and Refine
Skills S
5. Student will demonstrate the ability to Writing for Wellness class and yoga When I joined swim team in high school, I discovered the stress-relieving qualities right away. When I
manage stress classes in Anna Fascitelli center swim I tend to think about nothing except for the number of strokes Im taking, so it ends up being stress
management through both exercise and meditation. In addition to swimming as meditation, I do yoga
and meditation every Wednesday on campus at the Anna Fascitelli fitness center. In addition, a group of
people from the yoga class meet afterwards for a class called writing for wellness, which is essentially
where we discuss different topics in regard to wellbeing. This created a good network for me to talk
about any issues I might be having that are causing me stress and how to go about dealing with them.
SEE EVIDENCE #1
8. Student will express a personal values HDF 290 My VIA results reflect my values very well, displaying that, first and foremost, my values revolve heavily
statement (Sources = VIA, values clarifi- around curiosity and creativity. I have always believed that its best to explore and find new, fun ways to
cation exercises, etc.) do things, that keeps life interesting and gives motivation to try new projects.
SEE EVIDENCE #2
10. Student will demonstrate the ability to ECN 202 Im currently working as the leader of a major group project for my macroeconomics class. I volunteered
lead a project from start to finish (fol- to be group leader, showing initiative. Throughout the whole process of the project, I have been suc-
low-through) cessfully explaining objectives to my group and delegating work.
SEE EVIDENCE #3
17. Student will describe StrengthsQuest HDF 290 Similar to my VIA and values statement, my main strength from this test is adaptability. I think this works
Signature Themes, shadow side of hand-in-hand with my values in the sense that I prioritize different and creative thinking. Because I dont
Strengths and/or weaknesses, and ex- really like sticking to a plan, it makes sense that I have a strength in adaptability. Unfortunately, this be-
amples of application (Source = Gallup) comes an issue when certain tasks require a definite plan, as the definition of this strength describes the
individual as people who prefer to be now people, meaning planning isnt necessarily my thing, per
say. I think this strength ties in well with my activator strength. Activators turn thoughts into actions
very quickly, something Ive learned to do quite well being the kind of person who doesnt typically make
plans. In addition to these, my strengths also include maximizer and woo, which I believe connect to
each other well. Maximizers seek to turn something strong into something superb, and those who pos-
ses the woo characteristic focus on winning people over. Unfortunately in some cases this could lead to
the need for verification from others. My final strength is communication, which is great for when it
comes to getting ideas across and working with others but could become a little bit of an issue in situa-
tions where it might not be best to say anything.
SEE EVIDENCE #4
19. Student will show knowledge of the HDF 290 Weber believes that there are three different types of authority. The first type is charismatic authority,
Authority and Bureaucracy theory of which involves leaders that are very trusting of those they are leading and are, of course, charismatic.
leadership Weber This is the type of authority that, he believes, is the most effective. The second type is traditional au-
thority, in which the leader relies heavily on order and routine. The third type is legal-rational authority
which is based mainly off of laws rather than the leader themself. Similar to traditional authority, this
type relies on order.
SEE EVIDENCE #5
21. Student will show knowledge of the HDF 290 TMD 103G discussions of Taylorism Taylor believed that leaders needed to closely monitor those who they were leading in order to ensure
Scientific Management theory of in the fashion industry maximum efficiency. When the theory was created, there was an issue with soldiering, which was
leadership by Taylor when workers would work at a deliberately slow pace so they could get paid with minimal effort, this
management method sought to end soldiering. The theory has four main principles: (1) use the scientific
method to determine the most efficient way to perform a task, (2) place workers in certain positions
where they excel and would work to maximum capacity, (3) monitor and supervise performance to en-
sure maximum efficiency, and (4) divide work equally between management and workers.
SEE EVIDENCE #6
23. Student will show knowledge of the HDF 290 This theory is based around setting objectives that are challenging (but realistic) for the employee and
Management by Objectives theory of having a strong focus on personal growth rather than punishment. There are five steps to this process.
leadership by Drucker Step one involves organizing objectives for the company as a whole. The next step is to implement the
acronym SMART to help employees set their own objectives. SMART stands for specific, measurable,
acceptable, realistic, and time-bound. Step three is for the employees to actually go set their objectives,
the idea is that the employees will be more willing to complete tasks when they set the goals them-
selves. The next step is monitoring progress, and the last step is to evaluate performance and reward
good work.
SEE EVIDENCE #7
25. Student will show knowledge of The- HDF 290 MacGregors theory shows two contrasting management techniques, Theory X and Theory Y. The char-
ory X and Theory Y theory of leader- acteristics of Theory X include a focus on the self, not partaking in group work, no sportsmanship, de-
ship by MacGregor manding, one way, driven by results and deadlines, unmotivated, avoidance of work, and needs assis-
tance. On the contrary, Theory Ys characteristics include creativity, adaptability, flexibility, understand-
ing, participating, decentralization, sense of community, less need for supervision, greater opportunity
for success, and allowance for growth.
SEE EVIDENCE #8
27. Student will show knowledge of the HDF 290 Servant leadership has a focus on the growth and wellbeing of others and the community above any-
Servant Leadership theory of leader- thing else. The leader must be a servant first, foster personal relationships, and inspire others to serve
ship by Greenleaf as well.
SEE EVIDENCE #9
29. Student will show knowledge of the HDF 290 For this theory, the most important aspect is consistency. Firstly, the organization must have a con-
Principle Centered Leadership theory sistent mission, as well as values and principles, which must be practiced by all individuals involved in
by Covey the organization. The leaders involved in this type of leadership are open to and seek out learning, are
service oriented, always motivated to help, have positive energy, believe in the others involved, are
compassionate, are synergetic, and take care of and challenge themselves.
SEE EVIDENCE #11
31. Student will show knowledge of the 14 HDF 290 Total Quality Management (TQM) seeks to improve performance so that it meets or exceeds customers
Points / TQM theory of leadership by expectations. There are 14 points to the principle. (1) create constancy of purpose for improving prod-
Deming ucts and services, (2) adopt the new philosophy, (3) cease dependence on inspection to achieve qual-
ity, (4) end the practice of awarding business on price alone; instead, minimize total cost by working
with a single supplier, (5) improve constantly and forever every process for planning, production and
service, (6) institute training on the job, (7) adopt and institute leadership, (8) drive out fear, (9) break
down barriers between staff areas, (10) eliminate slogans, exhortions and targets for the workforce, (11)
eliminate numerical quotas for the workforce and numerical goals for management, (12) remove barriers
that rob people of pride of workmanship, and eliminate the annual rating or merit system, (13) institute a
vigorous program of education and self-improvement for everyone, and (14) put everybody in the com-
pany to work accomplishing the transformation.
SEE EVIDENCE #12
35. Student will show knowledge of the In- HDF 290 Argyris theory focuses, obviously, on how individuals act as their own leaders in an organization. He
dividuals in Organizations leadership says that there are two types of people: single-loop learners and double-loop learners. When something
theory by Argyris goes wrong, single-loop learners will try to find other ways to complete tasks still within the guidelines of
a company, whereas double-loop learners will question the very principles of how the task is supposed
to be done in the first place. The theory also has a focus on growth from immaturity to maturity, specifi-
cally in these seven areas: (1) from passivity to activity, (2) from dependence to independence, (3) from
few behaviors to many behaviors, (4) from shallow interests to deep interests, (5) from short-term per-
spective to long-term perspective, (6) from subordination to equality or superiority, and (7) from non self-
awareness to self-awareness/self-control. As the theory is about growth of an individual, there is men-
tion of the setbacks as well. These setbacks revolve around communication, they describe communica-
tion being bad when its used for defense, when it is unable to address real problems, and when
someone wont admit fault.
SEE EVIDENCE #13
38. Student will describe personal applica- HDF 290 In addition to being a servant leader, my former boss, Jackie Palandrani displayed
tion of the above theory (Grace) characteristics of leading through the four Vs of ethical leadership. Jackie is very
strong in her values of helping the community, and makes sure she lives virtuously
as to more effectively communicate her message to others. Since she does so much
for her community, she has a very strong voice, and she uses it in order to execute
her vision. By doing this, shes been able to expand her after school programs and get
sponsors and donations so the kids in the community can use these resources for
free. That being said, she has a very strong polis, and is a major influence on the
town. Additionally, she makes sure to renew and reevaluate if needed depending on
the situation or any kind of new rules she might run into, and has devoted almost
her entire adult life to service.
SEE EVIDENCE #10
39. Student will show knowledge of the HDF 290 As it sounds, situational leadership is adaptive, it is based on four different leader-
Situational Leadership theory by Her- ship styles that could be implemented at different times depending on the situation.
sey & Blanchard
The first style (S1- telling leaders) involves leaders that make decisions and com-
municate them to others, and create roles and objectives. This is typically used in
time of disaster. The second style (S2-selling) involves explaining and persuading,
leaders that are open to suggestions and opinions, and leaders that want to sell
their ideas to others in order to gain cooperation. The third style (S3-participating) in-
volved leaders that share and facilitate, and leave decisions to their followers. The
fourth style (S4-delegating) involves letting others do work, being responsible for the
team but providing minimal help to solve problems, and followers asking the leader
to help with decision making from time to time.
SEE EVIDENCE #15
43. Student will show knowledge of the HDF 290 Constructivism is based off of learning from experiences. As we pick up on whats
concept of constructivism right and whats wrong from our experiences, we use that information to decide how
to make decisions in the future.
SEE EVIDENCE #17
44. Students will describe personal exam- HDF 290 We had a constructivist environment in HDF 290. In this class, we were frequently
ples of implementing constructivism asked about why we did certain activities, usually some kind of simulation of some-
thing that could happen in the future. Because we were constantly being forced to
think about why we were doing certain things instead of mindlessly walking
through it, as many other classes are, we were forced to think critically and think
about how we would handle the situation further.
SEE EVIDENCE #17
Outcome Target class Additional Experiences Descriptive notes regarding learning and practice
86 Student will demonstrate knowledge of HDF 290 GWS 150 In both HDF 290 and GWS 150 we talked a lot about inclusion in the workplace and the laws surround-
relevant laws and policies related to is- ing discrimination. There have been many laws put into place to prevent an employer from discriminat-
sues of equity and its relationship to ing against anyone for their race/ethnicity, ability to become pregnant, disability, age, veteran status, re-
leadership (i.e., Title IX, Affirmative Ac- ligion, etc. Unfortunately, even with all these laws making these groups of people protected, employers
tion, Protected Classes, etc.) still find ways to discriminate under the table.
Outcome Target class Additional Experiences Descriptive notes regarding learning and practice
102. Student will show knowledge of at least HDF 290 (1) make a pro/con list to weigh options (2) consult one or more friends about the issue to eliminate bi-
five decision making methods ases (3) break up a big decision into smaller ones so theyre more manageable (4) play out possible
situations in your head to possibly see which decision would involve the least amount of risk (5) trust
your gut and just choose and go with it.
SEE EVIDENCE #18
103. Student will describe personal examples HDF 290 My most frequent method of decision making is going with my gut. As mentioned in evidence #4, one
of having used five decision making of my strengths is adaptability, so I have no problem making impulsive decisions and just dealing with
methods what happens afterwards. Although, some decisions are still really hard for me. When its really tough
for me to make a decision I will ask the opinion of anyone around that I can find and make a mental
tally of who said I should do what. Then, I of course play out the different options in my head. I think
when I make decisions, its either I make it impulsively or Im extremely indecisive and try every
method I could think of. Although I dont make them often, pro/con lists help me when I have to make
very important decisions. The first time I made a pro/con list for a decision was when I was choosing
which college to go to, because I saw Rory do that in Gilmore Girls, and it really did help to make the
process easier. I feel that when I made the list I also found myself breaking up the problem into little
bits because the list forced me to address every little thing.
SEE EVIDENCE #19
104. Student will show knowledge of at least HDF 290 (1) identify issue, identify options, evaluate options, implement chosen solution (2) listen to issue in its
five problem solving / conflict manage- entirety before making a decision (3) be impartial/dont pick sides (4) dont put it off until later (5) ask
ment methods, as well as understanding for the opinions of others
the roots of conflicts SEE EVIDENCE #20
Outcome Target class Additional Experiences Descriptive notes regarding learning and practice
109. Student will demonstrate knowledge of HDF 290 Active listening is extremely important, especially in college where the course material is thrown at us
active listening techniques very fast and there is almost never time to go back. Some active listening skills include, first and fore-
most, paying attention. Another strategy is withholding judgement, this is especially important as to not
be the victim of selective hearing and, therefore, selective learning. Other strategies include reflecting
and summarizing which are especially important in college when taking notes because there is fre-
quently not enough time to write them verbatim.
SEE EVIDENCE #21
110. Student will describe examples of using HDF 290 All college courses I have taken thus As mentioned in outcome #109, active listening is especially important in college lectures. In addition to
active listening skills far having to actively listen to the professor lecturing and take notes, its equally as important to be an ac-
tive listener to peers. Whether its a peer giving a presentation or telling a story about their weekend, its
important to actively listen to either retain knowledge or advance socially.
SEE EVIDENCE #21
142. Student will show knowledge of planning HDF 290 GWS 150 For my HDF 290 class I had to conduct an interview with the owner of a small business, which I chose
and conducting interviews (as the inter- my former boss for, and for my GWS 150 class I had to interview my shero (she-hero). My shero inter-
viewer) view was the first real interview I ever conducted and I found myself asking better and better questions
as the interview went along and I felt more comfortable. Overall, I felt satisfied with both interviews.
SEE EVIDENCE #22
145. Student will describe personal examples HDF 290 job interviews My first interview I ever did was for a job as a camp counselor. I knew I had to prepare so I did a lot of
of preparing for and being interviewed talking with my brother, who had previously had the same job. He helped me figure out how I would an-
swer certain questions, and told me what the employer actually cared about on my resum. My inter-
view was over skype, so I didnt have to dress quite as nicely as I would have had the interview been in
person, but I still made sure I looked put-together and that I was skyping in a clean-looking environment.
SEE EVIDENCE #24
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