BDA 30502

MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
POWDER METALLURGY

LECTURER ENCIK KAMARUDDIN BIN KAMDANI

SECTION 3

1. ADAM SYAUQI BIN MUHAMMAD RODHI CD160169

2. SUJAY BALAKRISHNAN CD150052

3. NUR FARAHALYA RAZHALI DD150028

4. MUHAMMAD SYAHMIL FITRII OTHMAN AD150138

5. MOHD NADZREEN CHAMAR AD150208

 WHAT IS POWDER METALLURGY

Metal powders are compacted into desired and often complex shapes and sintered (heated
without melting) to form a solid piece

USUAL PM
PRODUCTION
SEQUENCE

PRESSING
SINTERING
POWDERS ARE
GREEN COMPACTS ARE
COMPRESSED INTO
HEATED TO BOND THE
DESIRED SHAPE TO
PARTICLES INTO A
PRODUCE GREEN
HARD, RIGID MASS
COMPACT

IRON
AND
STEEL
TUNGSTEN
ALUMINUM
CARBIDE

POWDER
METALLURGY NICKEL
MOLYBDENUM PRODUCTS

COPPER TIN
AND
ALLOYS

TUNGSTEN
 POWDER METALLURGY PROCESS

POWDER
PRODUCTION

BLENDING

COMPACTION

SINTERING

FINISHING
OPERATIONS

ADVANTAGES OF POWDER METALLURGY

No loss of material.

Composition of product can be controlled.

Close dimensional tolerances

Non-metallic substances

No skill labor

Can be controlled more easily

Saving material and 97 % is possible.

 LIMITATIONS AND DISADVANTAGES

Pure metal powders are very expensive to produce.

Very expensive

Lack of metals powder

Strength properties

Poor plastic properties

Die design limit

THE CHARACTERIZATION OF ENGINEERING POWDER

HOW THE METAL POWDER ARE PRODUCED
 CONVENTIONAL POWDER METALLURGY SEQUENCE CONSISTS OF

Blending - powders of same chemistry but possibly different particle sizes

are intermingled .
BLENDING Mixing - powders of different chemistries are combined

Application of high pressure to the powders to form them into the required
shape
Conventional compaction method is pressing , in which opposing punches
squeeze the powders contained in a die
COMPACTION The workpart after pressing is called a green compact , the word green
meaning not yet fully processed

Heat treatment to bond the metallic particles, thereby increasing strength

and hardnes
SINTERING AND Usually carried out at between 70% and 90% of the metal's melting point
PRESSING
Pressing in PM:
1. Filling die cavity with powder by
automatic feeder
2. Initial
3. Final positions of upper and lower punches during pressing
4. Part ejection
 ALTERNATIVE PRESSING AND
SINTERING TECHNIQUES

Isostatic pressing

Powder injection Hot pressing

molding (PIM)

Conventional press and sinter sequence is the most widely used shaping
technology in powder metallurgy
Some additional methods for producing PM parts:
1. Isostatic pressing
hydraulic pressure is applied from all directions to achieve compaction
2. Powder injection molding (PIM)
starting polymer has 50% to 85% powder content. Polymer is removed
and PM part is sintered
3. hot pressing - combined pressing and sintering
 POWDER INJECTION MOLDING

Metal injection molding

Pellets made of powders and binder

Heated to molding temperature and
injected into a mold
Can create complex designs
 Controlled Can be very
Virtually porosity for economical at
unlimited choice of self large run
alloys, composites, lubrication sizes (100,000
and associated parts)
properties

Advantages of powder
metallurgy

Very good
material
Long term utilization
reliability through
close control of
dimensions and Wide latitude of
physical properties shape and design
 Specialty
Need to control
machines
Limited in size the
capability due to environment
large forces corrosion
concern

Disadvantages of
Powder metallurgy

Will not Less well

typically known
produce part as process
strong as
wrought
Cost of die
product