Reported biological activities References

Wound healing, treatment of

Davis et al. (1994); Tizard et al. (1989); Urch (1999)
AIDS
Castleman, (1991); Chantarawaratit et al. (2013);
Choi et al. (2001); Yagi et al. (1997); Yagi et al.
(2003); Womble and Helderman, (1988); Djeraba
and Quere, (2000); Visuthikosol et al. (1995); Davis
et al. (1987); Davis et al. (1988); Kaufman et al.
(1989); Pugh et al. (2001); Tan and Vanitha (2004);
Wound healing, anticancer, Azghani et al. (1995); Cera et al. (1980); Kemp et al.
antimicrobial, skin use, (1990); Jettanacheawchankit et al. (2009); King et al.
immunomodulatory, (1995); Womble and Helderman (1992); Womble
hematopoiesis, cell proliferation, and Helderman (1988); Karaca et al. (1995); Shida et
reticuloendothelial, in dentistry al. (1985); Womble and Helderman (1988); Karaca
et al. (1995); Shida et al. (1985); Karaca et al.
(1995); Stefan et al. (1996); Kahlon et al. (1991);
Harris et al. (1991); Peng et al. (1991); Chinnah et al.
(1992); Marshall et al. (1993); Ramamoorthy et al.
(1993); Oral ulcers remedy gets FDA clearance,
(1994)
Anticancer Liu et al. (2006)
Anticancer Liu et al. (2006)
Kang et al. (2014); Wu et al. (2006); Kardosova and
Antioxidant
Machova (2006); Liu et al. (2007)
Cough suppressing Sutovska (2010)
Cough suppressing Sutovska (2010)
Growth stimulatory activity Madis et al. (1989)
Karaca et al. (1995); Stefan et al. (1996); Kahlon et
Hematopoiesis, cell
al. (1991); Harris et al. (1991); Peng et al. (1991);
proliferation, antineoplastic,
Chinnah et al. (1992); Marshall et al. (1993);
reticuloendothelial
Ramamoorthy et al. (1993)
Kang et al. (2014); Wu et al. (2006); Kardosova and
Antioxidant
Machova (2006); Liu et al. (2007)
Kang et al. (2014); Wu et al. (2006); Kardosova and
Antioxidant
Machova (2006); Liu et al. (2007)
Immunomodulatory Pugh et al. (2001)
Cough suppressing Sutovska (2010)
Immunomodulatory King et al. (1995); Womble and Helderman (1992)
Kang et al. (2014); Wu et al. (2006); Kardosova and
Antioxidant
Machova (2006); Liu et al. (2007)
Reynolds and Dweck (1999); Surjushe et al. (2008);
Wound healing Davis et al. (1991); Tizard et al. (1994); Talmadge et
al. (2004); Feily and Namazi (2009)
 Reported biological activities
Anticancer, effects on estrogen
status
Anti-inflammatory, anticancer,
antimicrobial, effects on
estrogen status, intestinal
absorption
Cytotoxic
Cytotoxic
Anti-inflammatory, anticancer, al. (2010); Lee et al. (2000a); Lee et al. (2000b);
skin use, laxative effects,
cytotoxic, antispermatogenic,
allergy
Laxative effects
β-secretase inhibitory activity Lv et al. (2008)
Antioxidant
Anti-inflammatory,
antityrosinase
Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant (1997); Hutter et al. (1996); Das et al. (2011); Zhang
β-secretase inhibitory activity Lv et al. (2008)
Anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic,
tyrosinase inhibitory
Antidiabetic
Anti-inflammatory
Laxative effects
Anti-inflammatory,
Antiproliferative
Anti-inflammatory, cell
proliferative
Antidiabetic, antioxidant,
immunomodulatory
References
Thomson (1972); Huang et al. (2013)
Sahu et al. (2013); Esua and Rauwald (2006); Yagi
(1997); Hutter et al. (1996); Das et al. (2011); Park et
al. (2009); Grimaudo et al. (1997); Feily and Namazi
(2009); Sydiskis et al. (1991); Huang et al. (2013);
Suboj et al. (2012)
Kabbash et al. (2008); Li et al. (2009); El-Shemy et
al. (2010); Lee et al. (2000a); Lee et al. (2000b)
Kabbash et al. (2008); Li et al. (2009); El-Shemy et
al. (2010); Lee et al. (2000a); Lee et al. (2000b)
Park et al. (2009); Buenz (2008); Song et al. (2005);
Kabbash et al. (2008); Li et al. (2009); El-Shemy et
Niciforovic et al. (2007a); Niciforovic et al. (2007b);
Jettanacheawchankit et al. (2009); Ali et al. (2012);
Joseph and Raj (2010); Morrow et al. (1980); WHO
monographs on selected medicinal plants (1999);
Fujii (2003); Pan et al. (2013)
Joseph and Raj (2010)
Zhang et al. (2006); Lee et al. (2000c); Zhang et al.
(2008)
Sahu et al. (2013); Esua and Rauwald (2006); Yagi
(1997); Hutter et al. (1996); Das et al. (2011)
Sahu et al. (2013); Esua and Rauwald (2006); Yagi
et al. (2006); Lee et al. (2000c); Zhang et al. (2008)
Das et al. (2011); Kabbash et al. (2008); Li et al.
2009; El-Shemy et al. (2010); Lee et al. (2000a); Lee
et al. (2000b); Wu et al. (2012)
Tanaka and Misawa (2007)
Esua and Rauwald (2006)
Joseph and Raj (2010)
Sahu et al. (2013); Esua and Rauwald, (2006); Yagi
(1997); Hutter et al. (1996); Das et al. (2011); Yagi
(1997); Esua and Rauwald, (2006)
Sahu et al. (2013); Esua and Rauwald (2006); Yagi
(1997); Hutter et al. (1996); Das et al. (2011); Yagi
(1997); Esua and Rauwald (2006)
Tanaka and Misawa (2007); Zhang et al. (2006); Lee
et al. (2000c); Zhang et al. (2008)
 Reported biological activities
Antidiabetic, antioxidant
Antioxidant
Antidiabetic, hepatoprotective
Antidiabetic
Antidiabetic
Anti-inflammatory
Antidiabetic, hepatoprotective
Antidiabetic
Anti-inflammatory
Antimicrobial
Antimicrobial
Antimicrobial, antioxidant
Antimicrobial
Antimicrobial
Antioxidant
Antioxidant
Antioxidant
Cytotoxic
Wound healing
Anti-inflammatory,
antimicrobial, antioxidant,
Anti-inflammatory
Skin cell proliferating
Antifibrinolytic
Cell proliferation activity
Hemagglutination, mitogenic
Cytotoxic activity
Anti-inflammatory
Sugars and fats break down
Sugars and fats break down
Sugars and fats break down
Sugars and fats break down
Sugars and fats break down
References
Tanaka and Misawa (2007); Zhang et al. (2006); Lee
et al. (2000c); Zhang et al. (2008)
Zhang et al. (2008)
Misawa et al. (2012)
Misawa et al. (2012)
Misawa et al. (2012)
Sahu et al. (2013); Esua and Rauwald (2006); Yagi
(1997); Hutter et al. (1996); Das et al. (2011)
Misawa et al. (2012)
Misawa et al. (2012)
Sahu et al. (2013); Esua and Rauwald (2006); Yagi
(1997); Hutter et al. (1996); Das et al. (2011)
Das et al. (2011)
Das et al. (2011)
Das et al. (2011); Ozsoy et al. (2009)
Das et al. (2011)
Das et al. (2011)
Ozsoy et al. (2009)
Ozsoy et al. (2009)
Ozsoy et al. (2009)
Kabbash et al. (2008); Li et al. (2009); El-Shemy et
al. (2010); Lee et al. (2000a); Lee et al. (2000b)
Rajput et al. (2009)
Surjushe et al. (2008); Das et al. (2011); Yagi et al.
(2003)
Ohuchi et al. (1984)
Yang et al. (1998)
Siritapetawee et al. (2013)
Yagi (1997)
Winters Wendell (1993)
Kabbash et al. (2008); Li et al. (2009); El-Shemy et
al. (2010); Lee et al. (2000a); Lee et al. (2000b)
Surjushe et al. (2008)
Surjushe et al. (2008)
Surjushe et al. (2008)
Surjushe et al. (2008)
Surjushe et al. (2008)
Surjushe et al. (2008)
 Reported biological activities References
Sugars and fats break down Surjushe et al. (2008)
Sugars and fats break down Surjushe et al. (2008)
Sugars and fats break down Surjushe et al. (2008)