SUBJECT: Analog BRANCH:EC/EE

MARKS : 40 TIME: 60 MIN

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Q.1 An ideal trans-conductance amplifier has
the following characteristic
a) input impedance=∞,output impedance=∞
b) input impedance=0,output impedance=0
c) input impedance=∞,output impedance=0
d) input impedance=0,output impedance=∞
Q.2 Consider the circuit shown below
a) D1 b) D2
c) D3 d) all diode are off
Q.5 An amplifier has open loop gain of 10, and
input impedance of 1 kΩ and output
impedance of 100 Ω. If negative feedback
with feedback factor of 0.99 is connected to
the amplifier in a voltage series feedback
mode. The new input and output impedance
are.
a) 91.74 Ω, 1.09 kΩ b) 91.7 Ω, 9.17 Ω
c) 10.9 kΩ, 1.09 kΩ d) 10.9 kΩ, 9.17 Ω
Q.6 In the figure shown below, if |𝑉𝑡ℎ | = 0.4 V,
the transistor is operating in

If both the BJT Q1 and Q2 are identical

𝐼
𝑉1 = 𝑉2 + 0.3𝑉 then 𝐼2 is (𝑉𝑇 = 25𝑚𝑉)
1
a) 109097 b) 6.144 × 10–6
a) Linear region b)Saturation region
c) 9.16 × 10–3 d) 109.097
c) cutoff region d) Cannot be determined
Q.3 Consider the BJT circuit shown below
Q.7 Consider two amplifiers A1 and A2. The rise
time for first stage is 0.3 ms and for the
second stage is 0.4 msec. If the two systems
are connected in cascade form with each
other then the rise time of the combined
system will be
a) 0.5 msec b) 0.55 msec
The value of RB such that the BJT remains in c) 0.4 msec d) 0.3 msec
active regions Q.8 The transistor in the circuit shown below is
a) 𝑅𝐵 ≥ 924.06 k𝝮 b) 𝑅𝐵 ≤ 914 k𝝮 biased to operate in
c) 𝑅𝐵 ≥ 1015k𝝮 d) 𝑅𝐵 ≤ 1015 k𝝮
Q.4 Consider the circuit shown below

a) Active Region for 𝑉1 > 𝑉2 ; 𝑉1 , 𝑉2 < 0

b) Active Region for 𝑉1 < 𝑉2 ; 𝑉1 , 𝑉2 > 0
c) Saturation Region for 𝑉1 > 𝑉2 ; 𝑉1 , 𝑉2 > 0
If D1, D2 and D3 are ideal then which of these d) Saturation Region for 𝑉1 < 𝑉2 ; 𝑉1 , 𝑉2 < 0
diode are off
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Q.9 The nature of feedback in the opamp circuit Assuming β = 50 and VT = 26 mV, the value
shown is of input resistance (rπ) of transistor in
common emiiter configuration is _______ Ω.
Q.16 In the following circuit, transistor Q1 and Q2
has following parameter
𝑊 𝑊
( 𝐿 ) = ( 𝐿 ) =20
1 2
𝑉𝑡ℎ1 = 𝑉𝑡ℎ2 = 1 V
a) Current – Current feedback 𝜔 𝜔
𝜇n𝐶𝑜𝑥 ( 𝐿 ) =𝜇n𝐶𝑜𝑥 ( 𝐿 ) = 100 𝜇A/ 𝐴2
b) Voltage – Voltage feedback 1 2
c) Current – voltage feedback
d) Voltage – Current feedback
Q.10 Input to the opamp is V i = 10 sin ωt. The
opamp is connected as shown below

The average value of V0 is ________ V .

The value of 𝑉1 + 𝑉2 is _______V.
Q.11 Consider the circuit shown below,
Q.17 Consider the circuit shown below

The β = 100 in forward active mode and β =

10 in reverse active mode, Dz is an ideal If D1 is an ideal diode and Dz is an ideal zener
zener diode with VZ = 10 V and forward diode with VZ = 2 V then the transfer
voltage drop equal to 0.7 V.If Vi = 20 V then characteristic will be
V0 is _______ V. a) b)

Q.12 Consider the circuit shown below, if the

diode is ideal then value of I is ________mA

c) d)

Q.13 The open loop gain of a voltage amplifier is

100 and bandwidth is 100 Hz. If negative
feedback with feedback factor β = 0.1 is Q.18 Consider the circuit shown below, if input
applied in the amplifier then the bandwidth of signal is Vs = 10 sin ωt. The diodes are ideal
closed loop amplifier will be _______Hz. then average value of V0 at steady state is
Q.14 Bandwidth of a 3-stage tuned amplifier with
each stage having bandwidth of 10 MHz is
__________ MHz.
Q.15 A bipolar junction transistor is in active a)0 V b)10 V c)20 V d)40 V
region with collection current of 10 mA.
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Q.19 Consider the circuit shown below. The diodes mA and Vs is unregulated supply Vs = 30 V
in the circuit have forward voltage drop of then value of V0 is
0.7 V.

a) 9.916 V b) 10 V
c) 10.136 V d) 10.029 V
If E = 2 V then value of I is
a) 0.077 mA b) 0.108 mA Q.23 The saturation voltage of ideal op-amp shown
c) 0.2 mA d) 0.13 mA below is ±15 V. The output voltage V0 of the
following circuit in steady state is
Q.20 The transfer characteristic for precision
rectifier circuit shown below is (assume op-
amp and diodes are ideal and voltmeter is
used to measure output voltage)

a) rectangular wave of f = 182 Hz

b) square wave of f = 182 Hz
c) square wave of f = 91 Hz
d) rectangular wave of f = 91 Hz

Q.24 Consider an opamp circuit shown below, if

opamp is ideal and input Vi = 10 sin 5000 t
a)
then the maximum amplitude of output is

b)
a)5 b)20 c)40 d)10

Q.25 Consider the circuit shown below

c)
d) None

Q.21 Consider the circuit shown below, β = ∞ , VBE

= 0.7 V, VCEsat = 0.2 V. The early effect is
neglected then V0 is (VT = 26 mV)
The value of V0 is
a) 15.59 V b) 13.59 V
c) 11.59 V d) 9.59 V

a) 3.1 – 0.289 sin ωt b) 3.1 – 0.88 sin ωt

c) 5.9 – 0.289 sin ωt d)5.4 – 0.88 sin ωt

Q.22 Consider the circuit shown below, if the

zener diode has Vz = 10 V, rz = 20 Ω, Izk = 1
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Answer Keys : 𝐼𝐸 = 0.657 mA
So 𝑉𝐸 = 10- 𝐼𝐸 (5000)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 = 6.71 V
a b a b d c b b b - So, 𝑉𝐵 = 𝑉𝐸 - 0.7V=6.011 V
1.28 𝑉𝐵 (𝛽+1)𝑉𝐵
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Now , 𝑅𝐵 = 𝐼 ⇒ =
𝐵 𝐼𝐸
9.3 0.1425 1100 5 130 6 c a c c 924.06 k Ω
21 22 23 24 25 So at edge of saturation 𝑅𝐵 = 924.06
d d d d b kΩ
If we want device to work in active region
Solutions: then 𝐼𝐵 should decrease so 𝑅𝐵 should increase
Q1) (a) So, for 𝑅𝐵 ≥ 924.06 kΩ the device will go
In a trans- conductance amplifier input is in active region.
voltage and output is current so input Q4) (b)
impedance is ∞ and output impedance is ∞. Since, we assume that all diode are on, and
diode are ideal so they are replaced by short
Q2) (b) circuit and then according to direction of
Given that both the transistor are current we will find the actual answer.
identical
𝑉
So, 𝐼1 = 𝐼0 exp( 𝑉𝐵𝐸1 )
𝑇
𝑉𝐵𝐸2
𝐼2 = 𝐼0 exp( )
𝑉𝑇
So, 𝑉𝐵𝐸1 = 𝑉1 − 𝑉𝐸
𝑉𝐵𝐸2 = 𝑉2 - 𝑉𝐸
𝑉
𝐼2 𝑒𝑥𝑝( 𝐵𝐸2 ) (𝑉𝐵𝐸2 −𝑉𝐵𝐸1 )
𝑉𝑇
= 𝑉𝐵𝐸1 = exp So,
𝐼1 𝑒𝑥𝑝( ) 𝑉𝑇
𝑉𝑇 So we get that, 𝐼1 = 2mA
𝑉2 −𝑉1
= exp( ) And 𝐼3 = 2mA
𝑉𝑇
𝐼2 −0.3 So, 𝐼2 = 0
= exp ( )= 6.144× 10−6 Since, 𝐼2 = 0
𝐼1 𝑉𝑇
So 𝐷2 is off and 𝐼1 and 𝐼3 flow from P
Q3) (a) to N terminal of diode, so 𝐷1 and 𝐷3 are on
Let the device is at the edge of and 𝐷2 is off.
saturation Q5) (d)
So, 𝑉𝐶𝐸 = -0.2 V Open loop gain, A = 10
And 𝐼𝐶 = 𝛼𝐼𝐸 𝛽= 0.99
𝐼 And 𝑅𝑖𝑛 = 1 kΩ
𝐼𝐵 = 𝛽𝐶
𝑅0 = 100 kΩ
In voltage series feedback input
impedance increase and output
impedance decrease
So, 𝑅𝑖𝑛 ′=𝑅𝑖𝑛 (1 + 𝐴𝛽) =10.9 kΩ
𝑅0
𝑅0 ′=(1+𝐴𝛽) = 9.17 Ω
Q6) (c)
Since the device is NMOS 𝑉𝑡ℎ = 0.4
And 𝑉𝑠 = 0.3 V,
𝑉𝐷 = 1 V,
𝑉𝐺 =0
Now we apply kVL For cut off 𝑉𝐺𝑆 < |𝑉𝑡ℎ |
10 V = 5000 𝐼𝐸 + 0.2 + 𝐼𝐶 (10000) Since, 𝑉𝐺𝑆 = -0.3 V
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 So, the device is in cutoff 2
Since 𝜃1 = sin−1 (10) = 0.201
Q7) (b)
1 1 1
radian
= 1.1√𝑓2 + 𝑓2 𝜃2 = 𝜋 − 𝜃1 = 2.94 radians
𝑓𝐻 𝐻1 𝐻2
So, average 𝑉0 = -1.28 V
For cascade connection,
Q11) 9.3 (9.1 – 9.4)
0.35 0.35 2 0.35 2 Since 𝑉1 = 20V,
= 1.1√( 𝑓 ) + ( 𝑓 )
𝑓𝐻 𝐻1 𝐻2 𝑉𝑍 = 10V,
𝑡𝑟 =1.1√𝑡𝑓21 + 𝑡𝑓22 Let us assume that BJT is in forward active
and zener diode is in breakdown mode
= 1.1√(0.3)2 + (0.4)2 So circuit is
= 0.55 msec
Q8) (b)
For active region

So, 𝑉0= 9.3 V,

𝑉1 + 𝑉𝑥 = 𝑉2 𝐼𝐸 = 0.93 A
𝑉𝐵 > 𝑉𝐸 and 𝑉𝐶 > 𝑉𝐵 And 𝐼𝐵 = 9.2 𝜇A
i.e 𝑉𝐵𝐸 > 0,and 𝑉𝐶𝐵 > 0 20−10
Since 𝐼1 = 220 = 45.45 mA
𝑉1 > 0, and 𝑉𝐶𝐸 − 𝑉𝐵𝐸 > 0
Since 𝐼1 > 𝐼𝐵 so, 𝐼𝑍 will be positive. So the
𝑉2 > 𝑉1
zener will be in breakdown and our assumption is
correct.
Q9) (b)
Q12) 0.1425 (0.13 – 0.15)
Input to the opamp at non- inverting terminal
Let us assume that diode is on and since
cannot be current as it will not sense current, so
diode is ideal so it is replaced by short circuit
input is voltage and feedback is also voltage.
so
So it is voltage -voltage feedback.
Q10) -1.28(-1.30 - -1.20)
Since input is a sine wave
𝑉0= 10 when 𝑉𝑖 > 2V
𝑉0= -10 when 𝑉𝑖 < 2V

Applying nodal analysis at node A we get

(let voltage at node A is V)
𝑉 𝑉 10−𝑉 10−𝑉
+ = +
20 10 10 10
3V = 40-7V
40
V = ( 7 𝑉)
𝑉0 is periodic wave with wave period
2𝜋 and it is 10V when 𝜃1 ≤ 𝜔𝑡 ≤ 𝜃2 Now redrawing the circuit
else it is -10
So average 𝑉0 =
(𝜃2 −𝜃1 )10−(2𝜋−(𝜃2 −𝜃1 ))10
2𝜋

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 When 𝑉𝑖 is small 𝐷𝑖 is off and 𝐷𝑍 is
breakdown region due to 6V battery, so
6−2 4
So, I = 0.1425 mA I = 15 = 15 mA
𝑉0 = 4.66 V
Q13) 1100 (1090 – 1100) 𝑉
Now when 3𝑖 = 4.66 then 𝐷1 will turn
Given that
Open loop gain A = 100 on
Bandwidth = 100 Hz So 𝐷1 turn as when 𝑉𝑖 = 14 V and
𝛽 = 0.1 circuit will become
Since negative feedback is applied
So new bandwidth will be
100(1 + A𝛽) = 1100 Hz
Q14) 5(4.5 – 5.5)
1⁄2
Bandwidth = 10MHz (21⁄3 − 1)
The circuit can be redrawn as
≃ 5 MHz
[ Since zener diode is reverse biased so 𝑉𝑍 =
Q15) 130 (128 – 132)
2V]
Given that 𝛽 = 50,
𝐼𝑐 = 10 mA,
𝑉𝑇 = 26 mV
𝛽 𝛽
𝑟𝜋 = 𝑔 =(𝐼 ∙ 𝑉𝑟 ) = 130Ω
𝑚 𝐶
Q16) 6(5.8 – 6.2)
Since both the transistor are identical
and 𝑉𝐺𝑆 of device is some so drain current So, 𝑉0 = [(
𝑉𝑖 ⁄3−4.66
) + 4.66]
𝐼𝐷1 will be same as that of 𝐼𝐷2 2
And since 𝐼𝐷1 = 𝐼𝐷2
And 𝐼𝐷1 + 𝐼𝐷2 = 100 𝜇A
𝐼𝐷1 = 50𝜇A,
𝐼𝐷2 = 50𝜇A

Q18) (a)
Since input is a sinusoid wave
𝐷1 will turn as when input is positive
𝐷2 will turn as when input is negative
𝐷1 will charge 𝐶1 with voltage 10V
So, 𝑉1 = 𝑉2 =5 – (40kΩ × 𝐼𝐷 ) 𝐷2 will charge 𝐶2 with voltage 10V
=3 V
So, 𝑉1 + 𝑉2 = 6V
Q17) (c)
The circuit given in the question can be
redrawn as

So, 𝑉0 = 0
Q19) (c)
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 Given that E =2 V and each diode has Since no current will flow in output branch
a drop of 0.7V, let each diode is on and opamp is in negative feedback
So, 𝑉+ = 𝑉−
5𝑉 20
And 𝑉0= 𝑉+ = 61 + 6
So, when 𝑉+ is positive 𝑉0 = 2 𝑉+
𝑉+ is negative 𝑉0 = 𝑉+

0.7
So, 𝐼1 = 9 𝑘Ω = 0.077 mA
2−1.4
𝐼2 = 3 = 0.2 mA
Since, 𝐼3 = 0.123 mA
Since 𝐼1 and 𝐼3 are positive assumptions
that both diode are on is correct and
Q21) (d)
I = 𝐼2 = 0.2 mA
First of all we need to solve the circuit
Q20) (c)
at dc
Since 𝛽= ∞
𝐼𝐵 = 0,
𝑉𝐵 = 3V
And 𝑉𝐸 = 2.3 V
And 𝐼𝐸 = 0.46 mA
Also, 𝐼𝐸 = 𝐼𝐶 =0.46 mA
𝑉𝐶 = 10 - 10000𝐼𝐶
5 20 𝑉𝐶 = 5.4 V
𝑉+ =(6 𝑉𝑖 + 6 )
⇒ 𝑉+ is positive when 𝑉𝑖 > −4𝑉, 𝑉+
is negative when 𝑉𝑖 < -4V.
When 𝑉+ is positive then 𝐷1 is off and 𝐷2
is on

So,

𝛽
Now 𝑟𝜋 = 𝑔 =∞
𝑚
𝐼
𝑔𝑚 = 𝑉𝐶 = 0.01769 A/V
𝑇
Since small signal input is 0.005 sin𝜔𝑡 .
5 20 The effect will be seen at collector with a gain of
𝑉0 = 2 𝑉+ = (3 𝑉𝑖 + 3 ) -𝑔𝑚 𝑅𝐶 (since early effect is neglected)
When 𝑉+ is negative then 𝐷1 is on and 𝐷2 ⇒gain is (-0.01769×10000) = -176.9
is off. So, 𝑉𝐶 = dc + ac
=(5.4-0.88sin𝜔𝑡)

Q22) (d)
Zener diode has 𝑉𝑍 = 10V,
𝑟𝑧 = 20 Ω
And 𝑉𝑠 = 30 V
So, the circuit can be redrawn as

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 Applying KCL at node A we get
𝑉0 𝑉0 −10 𝑉0 −30
+ +10000 = 0
20000 20
𝑉0+ 1000(𝑉0 − 10) + 2𝑉0 - 60 = 0
⇒ 𝑉0=10.029 V
Suppose that the devices are in forward
Q23) (d)
active mode of operation.
Circuit is in stable multivibration
In loop, 5 =𝐼𝐵 (10000) + 0.7 +
Since, 𝛽= 0.5
T = time period of signal 𝐼𝐸 (10000)
1+𝛽 𝐼𝐵 = 4.2𝜇A
=2𝜏 ln (1−𝛽) = 2×10 kΩ × 0.5𝜇𝑓 × 𝐼𝐶 = 0.421 mA
ln(3) 𝐼𝐸 = 0.425 𝑚𝐴
=0.010986 sec 𝑉𝐸 = 4.2 𝑉
And frequency = 91 Hz And 𝑉𝐶 = 12.89 V
Q24) (d) So 𝑉𝐶𝐸 = 8.69 V
So, 𝑄1 is in forward active mode
𝑉𝐸2 = 𝑉𝐶 + 0.7 = 13.59 V
So, 𝐼𝐸2 = 𝐼𝐶2 = 0.14 mA
𝑉𝐶2= 1.4 V
So, 𝑉𝐸𝐶2 = 12.19 V
𝑉𝑖 (𝑠) So 𝑄2 is also in forward active mode
𝑉+ = ( ) So, 𝑉0 = 13.59 V
𝑅𝑠𝑐 +1
Since the opmap is in negative
feedback
𝑉 (𝑠)
So, 𝑉+ = 𝑉− = 𝑅 𝑖 +1
𝑠𝑐
𝑉𝑖 (𝑠)−𝑉−
So, I(s) = 𝑅
𝑉 (𝑠)
𝑉𝑖 (𝑠)− 𝑖
𝑠𝑅𝑐 +1
=
𝑅
𝑠𝐶𝑉𝑖 (𝑠)
I(s) = +1
𝑅𝑠 𝐶
And 𝑉0 (𝑠) = 𝑉− − 𝐼(𝑠)𝑅
𝑉𝑖 𝑠𝐶𝑉𝑖 (𝑠)𝑅
𝑉0 (𝑠) = (𝑅 𝐶+1 − 𝑅 𝐶+1 )
𝑠 𝑠
1−𝑠𝑅𝐶
𝑉0 (𝑠) = (1+𝑠𝑅𝐶 ) 𝑉𝑖 (𝑠)
𝑉0 (𝑠) 1−𝑠𝑅𝐶
= (1+𝑠𝑅𝐶 ) = All pass filter with
𝑉𝑖 (𝑠)
gain =1
Since input is 10 sin 𝜔t output will be
10sin⁡(ωt-𝜙) [since
gain of all pass filter is 1]
Q25) (b)

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