BESTWAY CEMENT

PREHEATER PILES
(DWG. NO. F 105-441-SC-01 REV. 2)

ALTERNATIVE 1 : PRESTRESSED STRAND STEEL TENDON

1. The yield strength of reinforcement is not given on the drawing. It is assumed that the
reinforcement at site conforms to ASTM A615 Grade 60 with a yield strength of 60,000 Psi (414
N/mm2)

2. Tensile capacity of pile ZH2 is specified as 2400 kN (240 tons) Note (4) on drawing. This is the
reason that additional reinforcement of 24 dia 22 has been specified for this pile. (for ZH1 the
tensile capacity is specified by as 1200 kN, hence the smaller reinforcement 16 dia 22)

3. According to ACI 318-14 the capacity reduction factor for tensile reinforcement is = 0.9. The
tensile capacity of concrete is not considered (i.e.=0) The reinforcement provided by mistake at
site is 16 dia 20 bars, assumed as conforming to ASTM A615 Grade 60 (Please have this
checked and confirmed). The ultimate capacity of 16 dia 20 bars.

= 0.9 x 60 x 16 x 0.49

= 423 k = 192 tons < 240 Tons

4. As the tensile load of 240 tons is at the corner piles it is most probably due to an earthquake
condition. The GB code allows a 20% increase in capacity for transient conditions.
Hence no load factor is considered in the above calculations.

5. The deficit for each pile is 240-192 = 48 tons

Hence deficit of at each corner pile group location is 4 x 48 = 192 tons

6. Post grouted ground anchors would be provided to overcome the deficit

6.1 Geotechnical Capacity of 8” dia grouted anchors; 40 ft long

 Average Grout to Ground Bond for Stiff clay / silt (SPT 15 – 25)
= 2 Ksf (Ref. Table C 10.9.3.5.2.1, AASHTO 2014)

 Hence Ultimate Grout to Ground Bond

= 3.14 x 8/ 12 x 2 x 40 = 167 k = 76 tons

Using a FOS = 2, Allowable Bond Force = 38 tons

deficit 192
 # of anchors required = = = 5 anchors
38 38

6.2 Structural Capacity of 4 x 12.7 dia, 7 wire strands confirming to ASTM A416 (Ultimate
Tensile Strength 270 KSi)

 The strands shall be pre stressed to 60% of UTS

Area of 1 strands = 99mm2 = 0.153 in2

Bestway Cement
Preheater Pile
  60% UTS = 0.6 x 270 x 0.153 x 4 = 99 k = 45 tons

 60% capacity of 5 anchors = 5 x 45 = 225 tons

7. It is highly unlikely that all 4 piles in a group at one corner would be subjected a tensile load of
240 tons even in the worst seismic condition.

8. The geotechnical compression capacity of the pile is assumed as 550 tons while the tensile
capacity is assumed as 240 tons i.e. 44% of compression capacity. This needs to be substantiated
with calculations the tension capacity of a pile is significantly lower than the compression
capacity due to

(i) Absence of end bearing

(ii) Drilled shafts in tension unload the soil, thus reducing overburden effective stress and
hence the uplift side resistance.

Bestway Cement
Preheater Pile
 REFERENCE (AASHTO 2014)

Bestway Cement
Preheater Pile
Bestway Cement
Preheater Pile