Examination 2 : Chapters 7 - 12

Chapter 7

1. The basic limiting characteristic of the productive system design are set during the
____________ ______________ phase.
2. The conscious effort to design for low manufacturing cost is often referred to as
______________
3. The number of individual parts in a design can drastically affect the __________
costs due to greater paper work and the cost of ordeing, storing, and controlling the
larger number of parts.
4. A great deal of flexibility open to the product designer is in the selection of
___________, which in turn often specify basic kinds of process.
5. If tolerances are specified more tightly than is necessary for functional requirements,
a ___________ costly process may be required.
6. There are some situations where are closer tolerence specification can minimize
________ and _____________ costs.
7. When two more or parts are finally assembled rigidly together, the question of
whether or not a __________ ____________ design is appropriate should be raised.

Chapter 8
1. Processes involve _________________ in some sense.
2. Chemical processes are often of the _________ type; however, continuous flow
chemical processes are important in petroleum, soaps, detergents, etc.
3. The mechanical industries are most illustrative of processes to change __________
or ________________
4. The transformation involved in a transportation process is tranformation of
______________
5. Clerical activities focus on the transformation of _____________
6. General purpose equipment finds its field of application in operations characterized
by relatively _______ __________ and/or changing ________
7. Automation is a further step in the substitution of ____________ _________ for
___________ ___________
8. With automation, machines now perform many of the ______________ functions of
the human operator.
9. There are two main branches of automation, one requiring information
_____________
10. The type of automation characterized as progressive mechanization is often called
_________ _______________ automationa.
11. ___________________ control can control the tool in two dimensions and is ideally
suited for machine tools such as the drill press.
12. While the programming problem is more complex with contour control, ______
____________and _____________ can be specified.
13. While the operation process chart details the skeleton of activities which must be
preformed, it purposely leaves out the required ______________ activity such as
transport and storage.
14. In make-versus-buy analysis, there are often advantages to internal manufacture
because of _______________ _________________
15. If it were to acquire ____________ _______________ in order to manufacture an
item internally, this would result in an advantage for outside purchase.
16. When operations can be performed by more than one process, an _______________
_____________ should normally be performed to determine which process should
be chosen.

Chapter 9
1. In some sense, the broad alterbatives of location are considered whenever an
__________ or _______________ necessary.
2. Considering alternate plant locations, differences in operating costs might be
compensated for in the longer term by differences in ____________ ____________
3. While there are a long list of subjective factors in influencing plant location, we are
really thinking of _________ ____________ costs in attempting to rate alternate
locations on the basis of these dimensions.
4. One of the most important subjective factors in location analysis is the __________
_______________ ________________ of owners and managers.
5. The concept of _______________ analysis can be used to compare various plant
sites on the basis of total costs versus colume of operation.
6. When the addition of a proposed plant produces a multiplant situation, then each
alternate plant location must be consideret within the framework of a ___________
___________________ system.
7. For the multiplant situation ____________ _______________ affect the operation
of plants from period to period as markets change.
8. With the formation of the Common Market in Europe, the establishment of a
location with a Common Market Country has often been attractive to complete
within the __________ _______________
9. The lure of low wages as a basis for foreign plant location may be illusory of at least
two factors: Counterbalancing lower ___________ ____ _________________ and
the high _________ ____________ in many foreign.
10. The National Industrial Conference Board made a special study of production costs
among countries which had both American and foreign plants, and in general,
industries that had a relatively low ____________________ _________________
were the ones which found overall production costs unattractive in the United
States.

Chapter 10
1. Facility design represents the ____________ of various aspects of the design of a
produktive system.
2. It is important to recognize that equipment capacity is available in _____________
_____________, so that for any particular capacity level there is likely to be some
_____________ capacity in certain equipment classification.
3. It is often more economical to plan the capacity in such a way that peak
requirements are absorbed by __________________ ________________, by
_______________ ______________ or in some instances by using _____________
4. The plant ________________ factor takes into account losses due to scheduling
delays, machine breakdowns, preventive maintenance, etc.
5. The ________ _________________ recognizes that some productive effort goes to
produce unusable product.
6. In ____________ layout, all machines or processes of the same generic type are
grouped together in what are commonly called machine centers or departments.
7. In ___________ layout, it is the product and its flow which dictates the design.
8. The great advantages of ___________ layout are in the utilization of highly skilled
workmen and/or very expensive equipment.
9. Synonyms for product layout are ________ layout or _________ ____________
layout.
10. The main advntage of __________ layout is in its low production cost per unit.
11. Product layout is most commonly used with __________ operations.
12. The major economic problem of process layout is in determining the ____________
________________ of departments.
13. Operations Sequence Analysis is a useful technique in process layout when the ____
___________ of departments is _____________
14. In the CRAFT program, the governing heuristic algorithm asks the following
questions: What change in material handling cost would result if the ____________
of departments were to be changed?
15. Since the demand for material handling service in process layouts is on a somewhat
random call basis, it is important to provide enough handling _____________ so
that good service can be given.
16. The essence of the line balance problem is to group and/or subdivide activities for
tasks in such a way that all job stations have an ____________ amount of work.
17. COMSOAL uses a computer routine which generates a fairly large number of
feasible solutions through a _________ _______________ method.
18. In the COMSOAL technique, the probability of developing excellent solutions is
related to the ________ _____________
19. The heuristic line balancing technique involves the generation of a ______________
20. The fixed machine cucles in fabrication operations __________________ us in
achieving balance.
21. Because of the nature of product line layout, some __________ means of
transportation between operations is required.
Chapter 11
1. __________ ________________ represent a view in opposition to division of labor
in the organization of work.
2. The entire spectrum of work from the purely manual to the completely automatic
can be conceptualized within the framework of _______ _____________ systems.
3. In performing work, man’s functions fall into three classifications :
(a) ___________ ______________________ through the various sense organs.
(b) __________ ________________ based on information received and stored in
the memory of man.
(c) __________ _________________ based on decisions.
4. __________ and _______________ perform similar functions in doing work.
5. ___________________________ systems involve man mainly as a controller of
processes.
6. In ___________________ systems, man normally functions as a monitor to assist
with process control.
7. In man-machine systems, human sensing can be direct, but is increasingly indirect,
placing emphasis on encoding ad ____________ ______________ _____________
8. Auditory displays have particular value as _____________ devices.
9. The _______________ ______ ___________________ ___________________ are
a set of general statements concerning the arrangement of work, the use of the
human hands and body, and the design and use of tools.
10. The sensation of warmth is affected by temperature, humidity, and air flow, and
these three factors have been comboned into a single psychological scale called
______________ _________________

Chapter 12
1. Production standards are the basis for judging what represents a ________
___________ ____________
2. The problem in work measurement is essentially to estimate the nature of the entire
_____________________ based on sample data from inly one or two workers.
3. ___________ ____________ is adjusted by the ________________ ___________
to produce the normal time.
4. A skilled analyst observing the working pace of an operation and measuring the
cycle time as 0.384 minutes would have rated the performanced at _______ of
normal.
5. Two things are needed in order to be able to measure anything :
(a) An __________ standard for comparison
(b) A ____________ or __________ of measurement
6. Commonly accepted figures for the accuracy of performance rating by experienced
analysts are ________
7. Controlled studies in which films have been used for rating purposes indicate that
the standar deviations for the accuracy of performance rating is _______________
8. ___________ methods are the most commonly used work measurement systems.
9. The fundamental principle behind work sampling is that the ___________ of
observations is ______________ to the amount ot time spent in the working or idle
state.
10. In universal standard data systems, cycle times are __________________ by
specifying the motions required to perform a given task.
11. Standard data systems for job families are based on actual previous __________
studies.
12. Allowances are usually expressed in percent of the _______ __________ ________
13. The determination of delay allowances must be based on __________________
___________________ because of their wide variability and uniqueness to the job.
14. For very heavy industrial work it may be necessary to make special allowances for
_________________
15. The minimum allowances for fatigue and personal time is normally set at ________