STATE PROFILES – WEST BENGAL

ECONOMIC CHALLENGE FOR CHIEF MINISTERS IN 2012

Achieving Fiscal
Stability

Enhancing State
Competitiveness

• Competitiveness is the only way to achieve sustainable job growth, improving

incomes and stable public finances
• Creating a clear economic strategy for the state that engages all stakeholders is
even more important in times of budget cutting and austerity
 HIERARCHY OF MEASUREMENT OF STATE COMPETITIVENESS INDEX

4 Major
Pillars

12 Sub Indices

350* Indicators

* Approximate figure
 STAGES OF THE ECONOMY

Innovation Driven Economies (Per capita GDP 900 to

City States (Per capita GDP>1300 USD) 1300 USD)

Transition Economies (Per capita GDP 800 to 900 USD)

Investment Driven Economies (Per capita GDP 500 to

800 USD)

Evolving / Changeover Economies (Per capita GDP 400

to 500 USD)

Factor Driven Economies(Per capita GDP < 400 USD)

STATES ACCORDING TO CATEGORIZATION
Microeconomic Competitiveness
Categorization
Ranks
City States (Per capita Incomes >1300 USD)
Delhi 1
Goa 2
Innovation Driven Economies (Per capita Incomes 900 to1300 USD)
Haryana 1
Maharashtra 2
Gujarat 3
Kerala 4
Transition Economies (Per capita Incomes 800 to 900 USD)
Punjab 1
Tamil Nadu 2
Himachal Pradesh 3
Investment Driven Economies (Per capita Incomes 500 to 800 USD)
Andhra Pradesh 1
Karnataka 2
Uttarakhand 3
West Bengal 4
Chhattisgarh 5
Sikkim 6
Mizoram 7
Meghalaya 8
Arunachal Pradesh 9
Tripura 10
Evolving/ Changeover Economies (Per capita Incomes 400 to 500 USD)
Rajasthan 1
Jharkhand 2
Orissa 3
Jammu and Kashmir 4
Factor Driven Economies(Per capita Incomes < 500 USD)
Bihar 1
Madhya Pradesh 2
Assam 3
Uttar Pradesh 4
Manipur 5
Nagaland 6

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

NEAR TERM STATE PROSPERITY PERFORMANCE
9
Gross Domestic Product per Capita real growth rate, 2008-2011

Haryana
Low but rising versus India Chhattisgarh
Highly Productive and Prosperity
Bihar Rising versus India
Maharashtra
8
Himachal Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh

Orissa
7 Karnataka Punjab
Sikkim
Uttarakhand
Arunachal Pradesh Kerala
Assam Gujarat
Rajasthan
Tripura
6

Points
Index
57.28
Average
All India
Tamil Nadu
West Bengal
Meghalaya
All India GSDP Delhi
Goa

/Capita rate
Jharkhand
(CAGR) of 6.27 %
Mizoram
5
Manipur & Kashmir
Madhya Jammu
Pradesh

All India Average

4
Nagaland of 47,998
Low and declining versus India Rupees/capita
High but declining versus India

3
0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000 140000

Gross Domestic Product per Capita, 2011

COMPETITIVENESS: UNDERLYING CONCEPTS

• Competitiveness is the productivity with which a state utilizes its

human, capital, and natural resources
• Productivity determines wages and the standard of living – Productivity
growth determines sustainable economic growth
• Productivity depends on how a state competes, not what industries it
competes in
• Innovation in products and processes is necessary to drive productivity
growth
• Only productive businesses can create wealth and jobs. States compete to
offer the most productive environment for business
• The public and private sectors play different but interrelated roles in creating
a productive economy
WEST BENGAL PERFORMANCE SNAPSHOT
Position Trend

Prosperity

Productivity
Labour Mobilization

State of Clusters

Type of Economy Investment Driven Top 33.33% of the

states

33.33%-66.67% of
Apparels and textiles the states
Leading Clusters Metals
Tobacco
66.67% to 100% of
Machinery and Equipment the states
WEST BENGAL COMPETITIVENESS – OVERALL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Prosperity Clusters
Gross State Domestic Product per Capita, 2011 Rank: 6 Total Number of People employed in all Factory sector Rank: 3
• In West Bengal Rs. 41,863 • In West Bengal 5,71,994
• In India Rs. 47,998 • In India 1,15,06,838
• State Difference to India -12.78%. • State Employment to total
India Employment (factory sector) 4.97%
Growth in Gross State Domestic Product per Capita, 2008-11 , (CAGR) Rank: 8
• In West Bengal 5.62%
• In India 6.28%

Productivity Labour Mobilization

Population, 2011 Rank: 1
Gross State Domestic Product per labour force participant, 2011 Rank: 6 • In West Bengal 9,13,69,934
• In West Bengal Rs 1,02,978 • % of India 7.56%
• In India Rs 1,21,265
• State Difference to India -15.08% Population Growth, GAGR, 2001-2011 Rank: 8
• In West Bengal 1.31%
Growth in Gross State Domestic Product Rank: 6 • In India 1.61%
per Labour force participant, 2001-11
• In West Bengal 8.18% Employment, 2010 Rank: 1
• In India 8.44% • In West Bengal 22427291
• % India 7.31%
Average Private Wage in 2008-09, Rank: 2
• In West Bengal Rs 76,286 Employment growth, annual rate, 2000-2010 Rank: 8
• In India Rs 64,741 • In West Bengal 7.88%
• State Difference to India -17.83.% • In India 2.05%
Private Wage Growth, CAGR, 2000-2009 Rank:4 Unemployment, 2010 (Per hundred People) Rank: 1
• In West Bengal 3.50% • In West Bengal 11.30
• In India 4.53% • In India 9.39

Change in Unemployment rate, 2000-2010 Rank: 1

• In West Bengal 68.66%
• In India 41.37
 UNDERSTANDING STATE ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

West Bengal
400000

367839
350000

353967
GSDP at current price at factor cost in Rupees Crore

344459
300000

307895
250000

264542
229339
200000

209439
189259
168000

150000
157144
143725
135376

100000

50000

0
Dec-00 Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-04 Dec-05 Dec-06 Dec-07 Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10 Dec-11

Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

 CONTRIBUTION OF WEST BENGAL’S GSDP TO INDIAN GSDP
GSDP at current price at factor cost in Rupees Crore

6000000

5000000

4000000

3000000

2000000

1000000

0
Dec-00 Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-04 Dec-05 Dec-06 Dec-07 Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10 Dec-11

Indian GDP

Dec-00 Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-04 Dec-05 Dec-06 Dec-07 Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10 Dec-11

Ratio of West
Bengal’s GSDP
to Indian GDP in 7.95 8.01 8.15 8.07 8.04 7.93 7.67 7.61 7.65 7.72 6.89 7.36
Percentage
Terms

Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

WHAT DRIVES STATE PRODUCTIVITY

3. Proper Policy
1. Overall business 2. Stage of Economy enactment and strong
climate conducive to (strong clusters)
rule of law
growth
 MODEL USED FOR ANALYSIS

Climate for
Innovation based
local rivalry

• Local rules and incentives that encourage

investment and productivity e.g.
- salaries,
Factor - incentives for capital investments, Demand
Conditions - intellectual property protection
Conditions
• Vigorous local competition i.e.,
- Openness to foreign and local competition;
- Sophistication of company operations

Access to high quality business inputs

i.e., Sophisticated and demanding local
- Natural endowments, customers and needs e.g.,
- Human resources, - Strict quality, safety, and environmental
- Capital availability, Clusters of Related standards
- Physical infrastructure, and Supporting – Consumer protection laws
- Administrative infrastructure, Industries – Government procurement of
- Information infrastructure, advanced technology
- Scientific and technological infrastructure – Early demand for products and
Local availability of suppliers and supporting industries Services.
Presence of clusters instead of isolated firms

Source: Michael E Porter

IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY IN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

Key Issues for States

• More power in terms of tax sharing with center
• Reduce costs of doing business
• Developing training programs which meet the specific needs of the state
industrial clusters
• Focus on infrastructure investments on the most leveraged areas for
productivity and economic growth
• Implementing policies to support small growth businesses

• Enhancing the state’s skill development and training institutions for the same
• Relentlessly improve of the public education system, the essential foundation
GEOGRAPHIC INFLUENCES ON COMPETITIVENESS

• Influence and access federal

Nation policies and programs

• Integrate policies and

Neighboring states infrastructure with
neighbors

States

• Assist each city area in

City Regions developing its own strategy

• Connect rural regions with

Rural Regions urban areas
 CONTRIBUTION OF AGRICULTURE SECTOR TO GSDP

400000
GSDP at current price at factor cost in Rupees Crore

350000

300000

250000

200000

150000

100000

50000

0
Dec-00 Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-04 Dec-05 Dec-06 Dec-07 Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10 Dec-11

Dec-00 Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-04 Dec-05 Dec-06 Dec-07 Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10 Dec-11
Ratio of
Agricultural
GSDP in West
Bengal to the
30.24 28.67 27.69 26.43 26.15 24.09 24.17 22.72 22.63 21.06 21.37 21.03
total GSDP in
West Bengal in
Percentage
terms
Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 CONTRIBUTION OF MANUFACTURING SECTOR TO GSDP
GSDP at current price at factor cost in Rupees Crore

400000

350000

300000

250000

200000

150000

100000

50000

0
Dec-00 Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-04 Dec-05 Dec-06 Dec-07 Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10 Dec-11

Dec-00 Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-04 Dec-05 Dec-06 Dec-07 Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10 Dec-11
Ratio of
Manufacturi
ng GSDP in
West Bengal
to the total
10.02 10.28 9.99 10.66 10.46 11.24 10.26 10.89 10.17 9.58 10.19 10.18
GSDP in
West Bengal
in
Percentage
terms

Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

 CONTRIBUTION OF SERVICE SECTOR TO GSDP

400000
GSDP at current price at factor cost in Rupees Crore

350000

300000

250000

200000

150000

100000

50000

0
Dec-00 Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-04 Dec-05 Dec-06 Dec-07 Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10 Dec-11

Dec-00 Dec-01 Dec-02 Dec-03 Dec-04 Dec-05 Dec-06 Dec-07 Dec-08 Dec-09 Dec-10 Dec-11

Ratio of
Services
GSDP in
West Bengal
to the total
52.06 52.81 53.94 54.48 53.94 54.59 54.79 55.44 54.58 54.88 55.20 55.29
GSDP in
West Bengal
in
Percentage
terms

Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

COMPOSITION OF WEST BENGAL’S ECONOMY

Agriculture, forestry
and fishing
21%

Services
55%
Industry
24%

Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

 COMPOSITION OF WEST BENGAL’S ECONOMY

3000000

2549085
2500000
GSDP in Rs. Crore

2000000

1492375
1500000

1000000 924340

500000
203375
77352 87111
0
Agriculture, forestry and fishing Industry Services

Indian contribution
West Bengal’s contribution
Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 COMPOSITION OF WEST BENGAL’S ECONOMY IN GREATER DEPTH
0.4

0.35

Public administration and defence

0.3 Electricity, gas and water supply

West Bengal /National GSDP share (Percent) ,2011

0.25

0.2 Construction

Forestry and logging

0.15 Mining and quarrying

Other services
Agricuture

0.1
Communication
Fishing

Transport by other means

0.05
Real states, ownership of dwellings and
Banking and insurance
Trade, hotel and restaurant
business services
Manufacturing
Storage
0 Railways

-5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

-0.05

-0.1

Change in contribution of GSDP of West Bengal to total Indian GSDP, CAGR (2000-2011)
Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 STATE PRIVATE WAGE PERFORMANCE

160000

140000
Jharkhand Wage Growth
rate 4.53%
Average Wages in Rupees ,2009

120000

Uttaranchal
Orissa
100000 Maharashtra
Goa
Average Wage :
Rupees 64,741
80000 Chhattisgarh West Bengal Madhya Pradesh
Haryana Karnataka
Gujarat Meghalaya
Delhi Himachal Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
60000 Andhra Pradesh
Punjub Tamil Nadu
Kerala Rajasthan
Jammu & Kashmir
Bihar Assam

40000
Manipur

Tripura Nagaland
20000 Low and declining versus India Low but rising versus India

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Wage Growth (CAGR), 2001 to 2008
Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis, Data as of 2010
 LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

400000
GSDP at Current Prices per labour force participant, 2011

Goa

350000 High but declining versus India Highly productive and Productivity
rising versus India

300000

Points
Index
57.28
e
Averag
India
All
Delhi
All India Average of
250000 8.44%

Haryana
200000
All India Average of of Punjab Maharashtra
Kerala Gujarat
1,21,265 Rupees/Labour Himachal Pradesh
150000 force participant Tamil Nadu
Karnataka Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim
West Bengal Uttarakhand Chhattisgarh
Mizoram Nagaland
MeghalayaTripura Pradesh
Arunachal Orissa
100000 Rajasthan
Jammu & Kashmir Assam
Madhya Pradesh Jharkhand
Manipur
Uttar Pradesh
50000 Bihar

Low and declining versus India Low but rising versus India
0
5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 13.00

GSDP /Labor force participant growth rate(CAGR)

Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 LONG TERM JOB GROWTH

90000000

Uttar Pradesh
80000000

70000000

All India Average of

60000000
2.05%
Number of Jobs, 2011

50000000
Maharashtra

Bihar

40000000
West Bengal
Andhra Pradesh
All India average of
Madhya Pradesh
30000000 1,62,99,464 Jobs Tamil Nadu

Rajasthan
/State Karnataka
Gujarat

20000000 Orissa

Jharkhand
Kerala Assam
Punjab
Haryana
Chhattisgarh
10000000 Delhi
Uttarakhand Jammu & Kashmir
Himachal Pradesh Manipur
Nagaland Tripura MizoramPradesh
Arunachal Meghalaya
Goa

0 Sikkim

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

Losing Jobs Job growth rate CAGR, 2001-2010 Gaining Jobs

Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis,
 LONG TERM UNEMPLOYMENT RATE
30
Goa
jharkhand

25

s
Point
Index
57.28
ge
Avera
India
All
Below average Unemployment All India Average of -
20 2.12%
Rajasthan
Unemployment rate 2010

Bihar

Unemployment Rising
15
Unemployment rate
All India Average of Meghalaya

9.39% West Bengal kerala

Gujarat
Punjab MizoramOrissa
Uttar Pradesh
10
Haryana Nagaland
Manipur
Tripura Andhra Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh Himachal Above Average
Pradesh Assam Unemployment
Sikkim Maharashtra
Jammu Tamil Nadu
5 Uttarakhand

Chhattisgarh

Karnataka Delhi

0
-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15
Change in Employment rate 1999-2010
Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis, Data as of 2010
 NEAR TERM UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

30
Goa
jharkhand

Points
Avera

57.28
Index
All India Average of -

India
25
6.55%

All

ge
20
Unemployment rate 2010

Rajasthan

Bihar

15

All India Average of Meghalaya

West Bengal
9.39% Punjab
Gujarat kerala
Orissa
Haryana 10
Uttar Pradesh
Manipur
Mizoram Madhya Pradesh
Nagaland Tripura Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Sikkim Assam
Himachal Pradesh Maharashtra Tamil Nadu
Jammu Uttarakhand
5
Chhattisgarh
Karnataka

Delhi

0
-30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10

Change in Employment rate 2008 to 2010

Source : Institute for Competitiveness Analysis, Data as of 2010
 GROSS AREA SOWN VERSUS IRRIGATED AREA

100000

Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra
Uttar Pradesh
Rajasthan
Tamil Nadu Andhra Pradesh
10000 Gujarat
West Bengal
Punjab Karnataka
Chhattisgarh BiharOrissaHaryana
Log of area sown in ‘000 hectares

Assam
Kerala
All India Average Jharkhand

1000
67,41,000 Uttarakhand
Jammu & Kashmir
Himachal Pradesh
hectares

India
All
All India Average
Meghalaya Nagaland
Arunachal Pradesh Tripura 30,03,000 hectares
Goa
100 Sikkim
Mizoram

Delhi

10

1
1 10 100 1000 10000 100000

Log of Irrigated Area in ‘000 hectares

Source: MOA, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis, Data as of 2010
 HEALTHCARE
Percentage of Total government Expenditure on Medical, Health

10
Delhi

7
and Sanitation

6 Goa
Jammu & Kashmir

Uttarakhand
All India Average
5 Manipur
Himachal Pradesh 4.02%
AssamKerala
Meghalaya West Bengal Tamil Nadu
Tripura
Nagaland Uttar Pradesh
Mizoram Rajasthan
4 Gujarat
Sikkim Chhattisgarh Karnataka
Jharkhand Haryana Andhra Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra
Orissa
Punjab Bihar

Arunachal Pradesh
India
All

2
All India Average 1633
Crores
1
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000

Total Government Expenditure on Medical, Health and Sanitation in Crores

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 PERCENTAGE OF VILLAGES ELECTRIFIED

120

100 100.0100.099.7100.098.2 98.2 99.9100.0 100.0 100.0

All India 100 96.9 96.4 96.9 97.3
94.4
Average of 88.3
85.8
88.3
84.96 % 80.8 80.6
80
69.2
64.4 62.6
61.3
59.3
60 56.8 57.2

40
31.1

20

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

 TELEDENSITY
140000
Goa

120000
y = 429.3x + 12630
R² = 0.388
Delhi

100000

Haryana

80000
GSDP per Capita

Maharashtra

Gujarat Punjab
Kerala
Himachal Pradesh
60000 Tamil Nadu
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim
Arunachal Pradesh
West Bengal
MeghalayaChhattisgarh
Mizoram
Tripura
Orissa Uttarakhand
40000
Jammu & Kashmir Rajasthan
Nagaland Jharkhand
Manipur
Madhya Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh

20000

0
50 70 90 110 130 150 170 190 210 230 250

Teledensity
Source: Ministry of telecom, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
DEBT TO GDP RATIO
West Bengal 42.8 Prescribed limit according to the
Uttaranchal 41.1 growth and stability Pact of EU
Uttar Pradesh 43.5
Tripura 42.2
Tamil Nadu 25.5
Sikkim 80.6
Rajasthan 41.1
Punjab 35.2
Orissa 30.6
Nagaland 59.4
Mizoram 109.1
Meghalya 37.3
Manipur 77.4
Maharashtra 25.1
Madhya Pradesh 34.4
Kerala 34.3
Karnataka 24.3
Jharkhand 33.6
Jammu & Kashmir 70.1
Himachal 55.7
Haryana 19
Gujarat 32.1
Goa 35.5
Delhi 13.8 Prescribed limit according
Chattisgarh 15.2 to WTO for developing
Bihar 39.7 economies
Assam 28
Arunachal 115.9
Andhra 30.1

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

 RURAL POPULATION VERSUS RURAL POPULATION GROWTH RATES

4.000

Meghalaya
Arunachal Pradesh Bihar
Mizoram Manipur Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Rajasthan
Chhattisgarh Madhya Pradesh Uttar Pradesh
2.000 Assam
Himachal Pradesh
Uttarakhand Orissa Maharashtra
Haryana Gujarat
Punjab Karnataka
West Bengal
Tripura Tamil Nadu
Andhra Pradesh
0.000 Sikkim

10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000

Growth rate (CAGR 2001-2011)

Nagaland
Goa Thousands
-2.000
Kerala

-4.000

-6.000

Delhi

-8.000

-10.000

Population in Rural areas as per census (provisional Data) in Thousands

Source: Census 2011, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

 URBAN POPULATION VERSUS URBAN POPULATION GROWTH RATES

12

Sikkim
10
Growth rate (CAGR 2001-2011)

Kerala

Tripura
6
Nagaland

Haryana
4 Manipur
Uttarakhand
Chhattisgarh
Arunachal Pradesh Andhra Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir
Goa Bihar Gujarat
Meghalaya Jharkhand Karnataka
Assam Orissa Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh
Mizoram Delhi Madhya Pradesh Tamil Nadu
Punjab West Bengal
Maharashtra

2
Himachal Pradesh

0
0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000
Thousands
Population in Urban areas as per census (provisional Data) in Thousands
Source: Census 2011, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 100,000,000
120,000,000
140,000,000
160,000,000

20,000,000
40,000,000
60,000,000
80,000,000

0
151,726
455,962
561,977
529037
313,446
1069165
906,309
551414
573,741
1406861
822,132
1899624
595,036
2368971
960,981
2,710,051
688,704
6167805
3,091,169
7,025,583
3,414,106

Source: Census 2011, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

9134820
16,333,916
419319
8,821,588

Urban Population in 2011

16531493
5,936,538
19603658
10,387,436
RURAL AND URBAN POPULATION IN INDIA

17,316,800
4,388,756
26780516
7,929,292
25,036,946
15,932,171
17455506
6,996,124

Rural Population in 2011

34,951,234
25,712,811
34670817
23,578,175
37552529
17,080,776
51,540,236
34,949,729
37,189,229
20,059,666
52537899
28,353,745
56311788
29,134,060
62,213,676
11,729,609
92075028
50,827,531
61545441
44,470,455
155,111,022
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE IN WEST BENGAL

8918000

8883000
10000000

8423000
9000000

7800000
7286000

7068000
8000000 6890000

6719000

6242000
7000000

5536000
Population in Numbers

6000000

4560000
5000000

3550000
4000000

2628000

1906000
3000000

1409000
2000000

956000

725000
1000000

0
0-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69 70-74 75-79 80+
years years years years years years years years years years years year years years years years years

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

 RURAL URBAN AND TOTAL POPULATION

120

Delhi
Urban Population as a percentage of total Population

100 All India Average

India
67.02%

All
80

Goa
Tamil Nadu
Maharashtra
60 Kerala
Mizoram Gujarat
Karnataka
All India Average Andhra
WestPradesh
Punjab Bengal
Haryana
32.98% MadhyaUttar Pradesh
Pradesh
40 Rajasthan
Uttarakhand
Manipur
Jammu & Kashmir
Jharkhand
Nagaland
Chhattisgarh
Tripura
Sikkim
Orissa
Arunachal Pradesh
Meghalaya Bihar
Assam
20
Himachal Pradesh

0
-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

-20
Rural Population as a percentage of total Population
Source: Census 2011, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SEX RATIO VERSUS SEX RATIO GROWTH RATES
0.8
Delhi

0.7

0.6 All India Average 940

India
females/1000 males Mizoram

All
0.5
Nagaland

0.4 Arunachal Pradesh

Goa
CAGR growth rate 2001-11

All India Average Punjab

Kerela

0.3
0.169% CAGR Haryana

Assam

0.2 Sikkim Meghalaya

Tripura
Madhya Pradesh
WestAndhra
Bengal Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Manipur
Himachal Pradesh
Rajasthan Tamil Nadu
Jharkhand
0.1 Maharashtra
Orissa

Karnataka
Chattisgarh
Uttarakhand
Gujarat

0
0 200 400 600 800 Bihar
1000 1200
-0.1
Jammu and Kashmir

-0.2

-0.3

Sex ratio
Source: Census 2011, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 LITERACY RATES VERSUS GDP

140000
Goa

120000

Delhi
GSDP per capita at current prices 2011

100000

Haryana y = 1576.x - 73239

R² = 0.254
80000
Maharashtra
Gujarat Punjab
Himachal Pradesh Kerala
60000 Tamil Nadu
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim
Uttarakhand
Chhattisgarh West Bengal
Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya
Orissa Tripura Mizoram
40000 Rajasthan
Jammu & Kashmir
Assam
Jharkhand Nagaland
Madhya Pradesh Manipur
Uttar Pradesh

20000 Bihar

0
60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

Literacy rate 2011

Source: RBI , Census 2011, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

REVENUE EXPENDITURE VERSUS REVENUE RECEIPTS

120000
Maharashtra
Uttar Pradesh

100000

India
All
All India Average 34190
Revenue Expenditure in Rs. Crores

Andhra Pradesh
Rs. Crores
80000 Tamil Nadu

West Bengal

Gujarat
60000 Karnataka

Madhya Pradesh
Rajasthan
Bihar All India Average 34757
40000 Kerala
Punjab
Rs. Crores
HaryanaOrissa
Assam

Chhattisgarh
Jharkhand
Jammu & Kashmir
20000 Delhi
Uttarakhand
Himachal Pradesh
Goa
Tripura
Nagaland
Manipur
Meghalaya
Mizoram
Sikkim
Arunachal Pradesh
0
0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000

Revenue Receipts in Rs. Crores

Source: RBI , Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
LITERACY RATES VERSUS POPULATION

25000000

Uttar Pradesh
20000000 All India Average

India
All
Literacy level of
77.12%

15000000

Maharashtra

Bihar

10000000
All India Average West Bengal
67232968 People/state Andhra Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh Tamil Nadu

Rajasthan
KarnatakaGujarat

50000000 Orissa

Jharkhand Kerela
Assam
Punjab
Chhattisgarh Haryana

Delhi
Jammu and Kashmir
Uttarakhand
Himachal Pradesh
Meghalaya Manipur
Nagaland Tripura
Arunachal Pradesh Sikkim Goa Mizoram

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Literacy rates in Percentage terms

Source: Census 2011 , Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

 GROWTH RATE IN AGRICULTURE VERSUS BANK CREDIT TO AGRICULTURE

20

Gujarat
Chhattisgarh
Punjab

Haryana

15 Andhra Pradesh

Tamil Nadu
CAGR growth rate in Agriculture 2005-10

Arunachal Pradesh
Meghalaya Orissa
Uttar Pradesh
Maharashtra
Madhya Pradesh
Assam

Kerala
West Bengal
Bihar
10
Karnataka
Rajasthan
Sikkim

All India Average of

Tripura
Goa
Himachal Pradesh 9.30 % CAGR growth
Uttarakhand Delhi

5
Mizoram
Jammu & Kashmir rate
Manipur
Nagaland All India Average of
India
All

12,157 Crores/state

0
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000
Jharkhand

-5
Outstanding commercial scheduled bank credit to Agriculture in Rs. Crores

Source: MOA , Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

 PERCENTAGE OF FACTORIES IN OPERATION VERSUS TOTAL NUMBER OF
FACTORIES
16
Bihar
Nagaland

Tripura Jharkhand
14 Manipur
Percentage of factories not in operation

12

India
All
All India Average of 6198
Factories/state
10
Kerala
Andhra Pradesh

8 Delhi
Orissa
Tamil Nadu
Assam

Chhattisgarh
All India Average of 4.1%
factories not in
6
operation/state average
Karnataka
Himachal Pradesh
Maharashtra
4 Uttarakhand
Madhya Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttar Pradesh
Jammu & Kashmir West Bengal
Gujarat
Punjab
Haryana

2Meghalaya
Goa

0
0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000

Total number of factories

Source: ASI , Institute for Competitiveness Analysis, Data as of 2010

SLUM POPULATION GROWTH RATE (2001-2011)

30
Meghalya

Arunachal
Population Decadal Growth Rate

Bihar

25 Jammu & Kashmir

Mizoram
Jharkhand
Chhattisgarh India’s decadal population
Rajasthan
Delhi
growth rate is 17%.
Madhya Uttar
Pradesh
Pradesh Haryana
Uttaranchal
20 Manipur
Gujarat

Assam
Maharashtra
Tamil Nadu Karnataka
Tripura
15 West Bengal Orissa
Punjab
Himachal
Sikkim

Andhra

10
Goa

Average change in
Kerala slum population is
5 26%.

Nagaland
0
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00

-5

Percentage Change in the Slum Population

Source: MOUA, Data as of 2010

POLLUTION

500
Delhi
Uttar Pradesh

450 Rajasthan

400 SPM Level above 400 is Madhya Pradesh

Punjab
considered dangerous for Bihar Haryana

350 industrial areas Maharashtra

SPM Level (Residential)

300 Andhra Pradesh West Bengal

Orissa Gujarat
Uttaranchal
Chhattisgarh

250 Himachal
Assam
SPM Level above 140 is Karnataka

200
considered dangerous for
Tamil Nadu
residential areas Jharkhand

Nagaland
150 Mizoram
Meghalya
Goa Kerala
100

50

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600

SPM Level (Industrial Area)

SPM is Suspended Particulate matter. The above mentioned limits are are prescribed by Central Pollution Control
Board (CPCB), India.
Source: CPCB , Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
AIR POLLUTION

500
Delhi
Uttar Pradesh

450 Rajasthan

SPM Level above 400 is

considered dangerous for
400 industrial areas Madhya Pradesh

Punjab
Bihar Haryana

350 Maharashtra
SPM Level (Residential)

300 Andhra West Bengal

Orissa Gujarat
Uttaranchal
Chhattisgarh

250 Himachal
Assam
SPM Level above 140 is Karnataka

considered dangerous for

200
residential areas Tamil Nadu
Jharkhand

Nagaland
150 Mizoram
Meghalya
Goa Kerala
100

50

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600

SPM Level (Industrial Area)

SPM is Suspended Particulate matter. The above mentioned limits are are prescribed by Central
Pollution Control Board (CPCB), India.
CAPITAL OUTLAY BY MAJOR SECTORS

West Bengal
General economic services
1%

Social service
22%

Economic service
77%
 FACTOR CONDITIONS
140000
Goa

120000

Delhi

100000
GSDP in Rs. Crore

Haryana

80000
Maharashtra
y = 2567.x - 97812
Gujarat Punjab R² = 0.143
Kerala
Himachal Pradesh
60000 Tamil Nadu
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim
Uttarakhand
Chhattisgarh
West Bengal
Meghalaya Arunachal Pradesh
Tripura Orissa Mizoram
40000 Rajasthan
Jammu and Kashmir
Assam
Nagaland
Jharkhand Manipur Madhya Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh

20000 Bihar

0
50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68

Factor Conditions Score

Source: MOSPI, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUB PILLARS OF FACTOR CONDITIONS - FINANCIAL CONDITIONS

140000
Goa

120000
y = 5200.x - 24915
R² = 0.750
Delhi

100000
GSDP in Rs. Crore

Haryana

80000
Maharashtra

Gujarat
Punjab
Kerala
Himachal Pradesh
60000 Tamil Nadu
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim
Uttarakhand
WestChhattisgarh
Bengal
Meghalaya Arunachal Pradesh
Tripura
Orissa
40000 Rajasthan Mizoram
Jammu & Kashmir
Assam
Nagaland
JharkhandManipur
Madhya Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh

20000 Bihar

0
50 55 60 65 70 75

Financial Conditions Score

Source: MOSPI, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUB PILLARS OF FACTOR CONDITIONS - PHYSICAL CONDITIONS
2500
Road length per one lakh of Population

Delhi
2000

1500 Arunachal Pradesh

y = 35.81x - 1554.
R² = 0.254
Nagaland

1000 Tripura

Assam
Manipur
Goa Mizoram
Kerala
Orissa Himachal Pradesh
Karnataka
Uttarakhand
500 Meghalaya
Chhattisgarh Sikkim
RajasthanAndhraPradesh
Pradesh Tamil Nadu
Gujarat
West Bengal Madhya
Jammu & Kashmir Maharashtra
Uttar Pradesh
Bihar
Jharkhand Punjab
Haryana

0
45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80

Physical Conditions Score

Source: MORTH, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUB PILLARS OF FACTOR CONDITIONS - COMMUNICATION CONDITIONS
250
Chhattisgarh

200
Teledensity

150

Himachal Pradesh
Punjab Tamil Nadu
Kerala y = 0.878x + 32.19
Karnataka Maharashtra
R² = 0.115
100 Haryana
Andhra Pradesh Gujarat
West Bengal Bihar Goa
Jharkhand
Rajasthan Uttarakhand
Orissa Manipur
Uttar Pradesh Tripura Meghalaya Arunachal Pradesh Mizoram
Nagaland Sikkim
Jammu & Kashmir
Madhya Pradesh
Delhi
50 Assam

0
45 55 65 75 85 95 105

Communication Conditions Score

Source: Ministry of Telecom , Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUB PILLARS OF FACTOR CONDITIONS – ADMINSTRATION
2000

1800 Orissa Delhi

Total Number of Government Hospitals

1600

1400

1200

1000 Uttar Pradesh Karnataka

Maharashtra
800 Uttarakhand
y = 28.91x - 1185.
R² = 0.148
Tamil Nadu
600 Jharkhand
Rajasthan

Gujarat Kerala Madhya Pradesh Andhra Pradesh

400 West Bengal
Bihar Punjab
Assam Arunachal
Himachal Pradesh
Pradesh Haryana
200 Chhattisgarh
Jammu & Kashmir
Nagaland
Goa Manipur
Meghalaya Sikkim
Tripura Mizoram
0
35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70
-200

Administration Conditions Score

Source: CBHI, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUB PILLARS OF FACTOR CONDITIONS - HUMAN CONDITIONS

14000000

Sikkim

12000000
Population in the age group 15-64 years

10000000

Delhi y = 2E+06x - 8E+07

80000000
R² = 0.429

Chhattisgarh
Andhra Pradesh Nagaland
60000000
Haryana
Tripura
Jharkhand Tamil Nadu
Bihar
40000000
Rajasthan
Goa
Uttarakhand Meghalaya
Jammu & Kashmir
Kerala
20000000 Gujarat Uttar Pradesh
West Bengal
Orissa
Madhya Pradesh Karnataka
Punjab Himachal Pradesh Pradesh
MizoramArunachal Manipur
0 Maharashtra Assam

40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90

-2000000

Human Conditions Score

Source: Report on Population , Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUB PILLAR OF FACTOR CONDITIONS- INNOVATION RATING

100

Kerala
95
Mizoram

90
Goa Tripura
Delhi

85 Himachal Pradesh
Sikkim Maharashtra
Literacy rate

Nagaland Tamil Nadu

Manipur
Uttarakhand
80
West Bengal Punjab Haryana y = 0.017x + 75.91
Meghalaya Karnataka
R² = 0.000
Gujarat
75 Assam Orissa

Chhattisgarh
Madhya Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
70 Jammu & Kashmir
Jharkhand Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh Rajasthan

65 Bihar

60
45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95

Innovation Score
Source: Census 2011, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 DEMAND CONDITIONS
140000
Goa

120000

Delhi

100000

Haryana

80000
Literacy rate

Maharashtra

Punjab Gujarat
y = 1048.x - 4544.
Kerala Himachal Pradesh R² = 0.211
60000 Tamil Nadu
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim
Uttarakhand
Chhattisgarh
Meghalaya West Bengal
Arunachal Pradesh
Mizoram Tripura Orissa
40000 Rajasthan
Jammu and Kashmir
Assam
Nagaland Jharkhand
Manipur Madhya Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh

20000 Bihar

0
30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

Demand Conditions
Source: Census 2011, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUB PILLAR OF DEMAND CONDITIONS- DEMOGRAPHY
140000
Goa

120000

Delhi

100000
Per capita GSDP at state level

Haryana

80000
Maharashtra y = 1048.x - 4544.
Punjab Gujarat R² = 0.211
Kerala Himachal Pradesh
60000 Tamil Nadu
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim
Uttarakhand
Chhattisgarh
West Bengal
Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya
Mizoram Tripura Orissa
40000
Jammu and Kashmir Rajasthan
Assam
Nagaland Jharkhand
Manipur Madhya Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh

20000 Bihar

0
30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

Demography
Source: MOSPI, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUB PILLAR OF DEMAND CONDITIONS- INCOME AND CONSUMPTION
35,000,000
Uttar Pradesh

30,000,000

25,000,000 Maharashtra
Total number of households

Andhra
West Bengal
20,000,000 Bihar
Tamil Nadu

Madhya Pradesh
15,000,000 Karnataka y = 26229x - 5E+06
Rajasthan R² = 0.143
Gujarat

Orissa
10,000,000
Kerala
Assam
Jharkhand
Chhattisgarh
Punjab Haryana
5,000,000 Delhi
J&K Uttarakhand
Himachal
Tripura
Manipur Meghalaya
MizoramNagaland
Arunachal
Sikkim Goa

0
20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Income Distribution
Source: Census 2011, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUPPORTING CONDITIONS
140000
Goa

120000

Delhi

100000
y = 2607.x - 10984
R² = 0.654
Haryana

80000
GSDP/ Capita

Maharashtra

Gujarat Punjab
Kerala
Himachal Pradesh
60000 Tamil Nadu
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim
Uttarakhand
Chhattisgarh West Bengal
Meghalaya
Arunachal Pradesh
Mizoram
Orissa Tripura
40000 Rajasthan
Jammu and Kashmir
Assam
Nagaland Jharkhand
Manipur Madhya Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh

20000 Bihar

0
50 55 60 65 70 75 80

Supporting Conditions
Source: MOSPI, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUB PILLAR OF SUPPORTING CONDITIONS- DIVERSITY OF FIRMS
25000

Tamil Nadu

20000
Maharashtra

Andhra Pradesh
Total number of factories

15000 Gujarat

y = 402.4x - 18291
Uttar Pradesh R² = 0.299

10000
Punjab
Karnataka

West Bengal
Rajasthan
Kerala

5000 Haryana
Delhi
Madhya Pradesh

AssamJharkhand
Orissa Bihar
Chhattisgarh Uttarakhand
Manipur Jammu and Kashmir Himachal Pradesh Goa
Tripura
Arunachal Pradesh
Meghalaya Mizoram
Sikkim Nagaland
0
45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80

Diversity of Firms Index

Source: ASI, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUB PILLAR OF SUPPORTING CONDITIONS - BUSINESS INCENTIVES
1200000

Maharashtra

1000000
Outstanding Scheduled commercial bank credit

800000

600000

Chhattisgarh

400000 Tamil Nadu

Andhra Pradesh
Karnataka
y = 5370x - 22486
R² = 0.046
Gujarat West Bengal
200000 Uttar Pradesh
Rajasthan Kerala Punjab
Madhya Pradesh Haryana
Jharkhand Orissa
Meghalaya
Bihar
AssamDelhi
Jammu & Kashmir
Himachal Pradesh Goa
Arunachal PradeshTripura
Sikkim
Manipur
Nagaland Mizoram Uttarakhand
0
55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

Business Incentives
Source : RBI, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 STRATEGIC CONTEXT
140000
Goa

120000

Delhi

100000

Haryana

80000
GSDP per capita

Maharashtra

Gujarat Punjab
Kerala
Himachal Pradesh
60000 Tamil Nadu
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim
Uttarakhand
Chhattisgarh
West Bengal
Meghalaya Arunachal Pradesh
Orissa Tripura Mizoram
40000 Rajasthan
Assam Jammu and Kashmir
Jharkhand Nagaland
Madhya Pradesh Manipur
Uttar Pradesh

20000 Bihar

0
45 50 55 60 65 70 75

Strategic context
Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUB PILLARS OF STRATEGIC CONTEXT – SUPPLIER SOPHISTICATION

1600000

Tamil Nadu
1400000

Maharashtra
Total Number of Factory Workers

1200000

Andhra Pradesh
1000000
Gujarat

800000
y = 20093x - 80534
Uttar Pradesh Karnataka R² = 0.206

600000 West Bengal

Punjab
Haryana
400000 Arunachal Pradesh
Sikkim
Mizoram Kerala
Rajasthan

Madhya Pradesh

200000 Jharkhand
Orissa
Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh
Delhi Himachal PradeshUttarakhand
Nagaland Jammu & Kashmir Goa
Manipur MeghalayaTripura
0
45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80

Supplier sophistication
Source: ASI, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SUB PILLAR OF STRATEGIC CONTEXT- INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT
60
Educational Institutions – Universities per crore of population

Sikkim
50

40

y = 0.980x - 49.26
30 R² = 0.650

20
UttarakhandArunachal Pradesh

Himachal Pradesh
Tamil NaduGoa Chhattisgarh
Jammu & Kashmir Mizoram
10 Manipur
Karnataka
Rajasthan Tripura
Nagaland Haryana
Bihar MeghalayaGujarat Punjab
Jharkhand Orissa Kerala
Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh
Assam Delhi
Uttar Pradesh West Bengal
Madhya Pradesh
0
40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85

-10

Institutional Support Index

Source: UGC, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 PROSPERITY AND COMPETITIVENESS
90000 Goa

Delhi
Per capita State Domestic product at constant price 2011

80000

70000

60000 y = 2486.x - 10552

R² = 0.517
Haryana

50000 Kerala GujaratMaharashtra

Himachal Pradesh
Tamil Nadu Punjab
40000
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim
Uttarakhand
West Bengal
Meghalaya
30000 Tripura Arunachal PradeshMizoram
Orissa ChhattisgarhRajasthan
Jammu and Kashmir Jharkhand
Manipur Assam Madhya Pradesh
20000 Nagaland
Uttar Pradesh

Bihar

10000

0
45 50 55 60 65 70

Microeconomic Competitiveness Scores

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 POLICE OFFICIALS VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
180000
Maharashtra

160000

140000
Number of Police Officials

120000 Uttar Pradesh

100000 Andhra Pradesh

Tamil Nadu
80000
Karnataka
Jammu and Kashmir West Bengal
Rajasthan y = 2830x - 11635
60000 R² = 0.122
Madhya Pradesh Bihar Gujarat
Punjab

Kerala Haryana
40000 Jharkhand
Orissa
Assam Chhattisgarh

20000 Uttarakhand
Tripura
Manipur
Nagaland Meghalaya Himachal Pradesh Goa
Arunachal Pradesh Mizoram
Sikkim
0
45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65

Microeconomic Competitiveness Scores

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 PORT INFRASTRUCTURE VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
60

Maharashtra

50

Gujarat
40
Number of Ports

30

y = 0.225x + 2.814
20
R² = 0.005
Tamil Nadu
Kerala
Andhra Pradesh

10
Goa

Orissa
West Bengal

0
50 55 60 65 70 75 80

Microeconomic Competitiveness Score

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 NATIONAL HIGHWAY INFRASTRUCTURE VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
7000

Uttar Pradesh
6000
Rajasthan
Length of Total National Highways, In Km

5000 Madhya Pradesh Tamil Nadu

Andhra Pradesh
Karnataka
Maharashtra
4000 Orissa Bihar

Gujarat

Assam
3000 y = 65.13x - 1354.
West Bengal R² = 0.035
Chhattisgarh Uttarakhand
Jharkhand

2000 Punjab
Kerala Haryana
Jammu and Kashmir Himachal Pradesh
Manipur Mizoram
Meghalaya
1000 Nagaland
Arunachal Pradesh
Tripura
Goa
Delhi
Sikkim
0
45 50 55 60 65 70

Microeconomic Competitiveness Score

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 AIRPORT INFRASTRUCTURE VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
9

West Bengal
8

Gujarat
7
Numbers of Domestic Airports

Karnataka
Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra
Andhra Pradesh
4
y = 0.116x - 4.225
R² = 0.098
Assam Kerala Himachal Pradesh
Tamil Nadu Punjab
3
Uttar Pradesh

Jammu and Kashmir Mizoram Rajasthan

Uttarakhand
2
Meghalaya
Nagaland Tripura Orissa Chhattisgarh Bihar Goa Haryana Delhi
Manipur Jharkhand
1

Arunachal Pradesh Sikkim

0
45 50 55 60 65
Microeconomic Competitiveness Scores
Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 TELEDENSITY VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
Delhi

200
Teledensity , Phones per 100 people in the population

150

y = 4.650x - 210.8
R² = 0.340
Himachal Pradesh

100 Punjab

Haryana
Gujarat
Andhra Pradesh
Rajasthan Maharashtra
Madhya Pradesh
Goa
Nagaland Uttar Pradesh Bihar
50 Manipur
Tripura
Arunachal Pradesh Mizoram
Meghalaya
Assam Kerala

Orissa Karnataka
West Bengal
Sikkim Tamil Nadu
Uttarakhand
Jammu and Kashmir
Jharkhand Chhattisgarh

0
45 50 55 60 65 70

Microeconomic Competitiveness Scores

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 LITERACY RATES VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
100

95 Kerala

Mizoram

90
Tripura Goa
Delhi

85 Himachal Pradesh
Literacy Rates

Sikkim Maharashtra

Nagaland Manipur Tamil Nadu

Uttarakhand y = 0.237x + 63.62
80 R² = 0.023
West Bengal Punjab
Haryana
Meghalaya Karnataka

75 Orissa Gujarat
Assam

Chhattisgarh Madhya Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh
70 Jammu and Kashmir
Jharkhand Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh Rajasthan

65 Bihar

60
45 50 55 60 65

Microeconomic Competitiveness Score

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 EDUCATION VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
20
Millions

Uttar Pradesh

18

16
Students enrolled in higher secondary classes

14

12

10 Andhra Pradesh

6 Maharashtra

Madhya Pradesh Tamil Nadu

4 West Bengal y = 89218x - 3E+06
Rajasthan Karnataka
Bihar R² = 0.014
Gujarat
2 Orissa Kerala Haryana
Jharkhand
Chhattisgarh Punjab Delhi
Jammu and Kashmir Assam Uttarakhand
Himachal Pradesh
Tripura
Nagaland Manipur Mizoram
Meghalaya Goa
Arunachal Pradesh Sikkim
0
45 50 55 60 65

Microeconomic Competitiveness Score

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 RURAL TO URBAN LITERACY RATIO VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
100.00
Kerala
Ratio of Urban to rural literacy rates in percentage terms

Delhi

Goa
95.00

Tripura
Himachal Pradesh
Uttarakhand
Manipur Sikkim
90.00
Uttar Pradesh y = 0.305x + 67.33
Haryana
Punjab
R² = 0.056
Mizoram Maharashtra
West Bengal
Tamil Nadu
85.00 Nagaland
Jammu and Kashmir Gujarat

Orissa

Karnataka
Assam
80.00 Chhattisgarh Bihar
Meghalaya Madhya Pradesh
Rajasthan

Andhra Pradesh
Jharkhand
75.00
Arunachal Pradesh

70.00
45 50 55 60 65 70

Microeconomic Competitiveness Score

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 GENDER DISPARITY (LITERACY) VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
100.00

Meghalaya Kerala
Mizoram
Ratio of Female Literacy Rate to male Literacy rates

95.00
Nagaland

Tripura
90.00 Delhi
Goa
Sikkim Punjab

Assam Tamil Nadu

Manipur HimachalMaharashtra
Pradesh
85.00
Karnataka
Gujarat
y = 0.007x + 81.97
Arunachal Pradesh
R² = 3E-05
Uttarakhand
Andhra Pradesh
80.00 Orissa Haryana
West Bengal

Uttar Pradesh
Jammu and Kashmir Chhattisgarh
Madhya Pradesh
75.00
Bihar
Jharkhand

70.00

Rajasthan
65.00

60.00
45 50 55 60 65 70

Microeconomic Competitiveness Score

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
DEMOGRAPHICS OF INDIA 2011
Age Pyramid for India in 2011

80+ 4469 5163

75-79 6075 7017

70-74 8910 10034

65-69 11991 12406

60-64 16693 15712

55-59 22391 20447

50-54 28157 26038

45-49 33218 31993

40-44 36773 36691

Males
35-39 40596 40164
Female
30-34 46050 42855

25-29 54078 47877

20-24 62281 55757

15-19 63479 58248

10-14 61318 57259

5-9 60092 53394

0-4 60746 54133

80000 60000 40000 20000 0 20000 40000 60000 80000

Population of males / females in Thousands in 2011

Source: Census of India, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

DEMOGRAPHICS OF INDIA 2026
Age Pyramid for India in 2026

80+ 8412 11465

75-79 9937 10644

70-74 15820 15819

65-69 22185 21982

60-64 28268 28651

55-59 32968 34124

50-54 37704 38267

45-49 43702 41361

40-44 51965 46466

Male
35-39 60313 54219
Female
30-34 61859 56739

25-29 60113 55998

20-24 59176 52410

15-19 59529 52739

10-14 59500 52734

5-9 58396 51790

0-4 55328 49256

80000 60000 40000 20000 0 20000 40000 60000 80000

Projected Population of males / females in Thousands

Source: Census of India, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

OVERALL DEPENDENCE RATIO OF STATES

Dependence Ratios 2011 Dependence ratio 2026

West Bengal 44.58 42.35

Uttarakhand 56.39 47.88
Uttar Pradesh 66.11 55.02
Tamil Nadu 43.07 43.78
Rajasthan 60.51 46.67
Punjab 46.62 41.77
Orissa 48.47 43.43
NE States Excluding Assam 44.57 42.23
Maharashtra 48.85 42.72
Madhya Pradesh 60.18 48.37
Kerala 45.23 45.96
Karnataka 45.97 43.46
Jharkhand 55.35 47.13
Jammu & Kashmir 50.27 43.11
Himachal Pradesh 46.91 42.87
Haryana 51.12 41.24
Gujarat 48.40 43.16
Delhi 39.96 34.81
Chattisgarh 57.45 48.40
Bihar 49.71 47.67
Assam 51.97 45.14
Andhra Pradesh 45.05 42.49

80.0 60.0 40.0 20.0 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0

Dependence ratio 2011 Dependence ratio 2026

Source: Census of India, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

 GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
1800 Orissa
Bihar

1600

1400
Number of government Hoispitals

1200

1000 Uttar Pradesh Karnataka

Maharashtra
800
Uttarakhand

Tamil Nadu
600
Jharkhand
Rajasthan y = 11.66x - 253.3
Kerala R² = 0.016
Madhya Pradesh Gujarat Andhra Pradesh
400
West Bengal
Punjab
Chhattisgarh
Arunachal Pradesh Haryana
200 Assam Himachal Pradesh Delhi
Jammu and Kashmir
Nagaland Meghalaya
Manipur
Tripura Sikkim Goa
Mizoram
0
45 50 55 60 65

Microeconomic Competitiveness Score

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 REGISTERED DOCTORS VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
10000

West Bengal
9000
Total number of registered Allopathic doctors

8000
Tamil Nadu
Uttar Pradesh
7000
Rajasthan

6000

Orissa Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
5000 y = 158.8x - 5888.
Maharashtra R² = 0.114
Bihar
Kerala
4000 Madhya Pradesh
Punjab Delhi

3000
Jammu and Kashmir Gujarat
Assam
Haryana
2000 Jharkhand
Chhattisgarh Uttarakhand
Goa
1000 Tripura Meghalaya
Manipur
Nagaland Arunachal Pradesh Mizoram
Sikkim

0
45 50 55 60 65 70

Microeconomic Competitiveness Scores

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 PER CAPITA REVENUUE EXPENDITURE ON MEDICAL, HEALTH AND EXPENDITURE
AND COMPETITIVENESS
2500.00
Goa
Per capita revenue expeniture on medical, health and

2000.00

Sikkim

1500.00
Mizoram
sanitation

Delhi

Arunachal Pradesh

1000.00 Himachal Pradesh

Jammu and Kashmir
Manipur
y = 6.696x + 281.1
Uttarakhand R² = 0.004
Nagaland Meghalaya
Tripura
Assam Kerala Tamil Nadu
Haryana
Andhra Pradesh
Punjab
500.00 ChhattisgarhMadhya Pradesh Maharashtra
Gujarat
Karnataka
Orissa West Bengal Rajasthan
Uttar Pradesh Bihar
Jharkhand

0.00
45 50 55 60 65 70

Microeconomic Competitiveness Scores

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 HOUSEHOLDS AND COMPETITIVENESS
35
Uttar Pradesh

30
Number of Households in Millions

25 Maharashtra

Andhra Pradesh
West Bengal
20 Bihar
Tamil Nadu

Madhya Pradesh
15
Karnataka
Rajasthan
Gujarat
y = 37114x - 1E+07
R² = 0.045
Odisha
10
Kerala

Jharkhand Assam
Chhattisgarh Punjab
Haryana
5 Delhi

Nagaland Uttarakhand Jammu & Kashmir

Tripura Himachal Pradesh
Meghalaya Manipur
Mizoram Goa
Arunachal Pradesh Sikkim
0
45.00 50.00 55.00 60.00 65.00

Microeconomic Competitiveness Score

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 AGRICULTURAL GSDP PER CAPITA AND COMPETITIVENESS
25000.00

Punjab
Agricultural GSDP per capita in Rupees /Annum

20000.00

Haryana

15000.00
Nagaland
Himachal Pradesh Andhra Pradesh

y = 199.8x - 2794.
Goa R² = 0.060
Gujarat
10000.00 Orissa
West Bengal Kerala
Arunachal Pradesh Sikkim
Tripura Assam Rajasthan Maharashtra
Jammu and Kashmir
Uttarakhand Karnataka
Manipur Pradesh Chhattisgarh Madhya Pradesh
UttarMeghalaya Tamil Nadu

Mizoram

5000.00
Bihar

Jharkhand

Delhi

0.00
45 50 55 60 65

Microeconomic Competitiveness Score

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
PER CAPITA FERTILIZER CONSUMPTION AND COMPETITIVENESS
60

Punjab
Per caipita consumption of Nitrogenous fertilizers in Kg per annum

50

40 Haryana

30

Andhra Pradesh

Gujarat y = 1.047x - 48.11

R² = 0.212
20
Uttar Pradesh Karnataka
Maharashtra
Chhattisgarh Madhya Pradesh
Rajasthan
Uttarakhand
Tamil Nadu Bihar West Bengal
10 Orissa
Jammu & Kashmir
Assam Himachal Pradesh
Kerala Tripura
Manipur Mizoram Goa
Nagaland Arunachal PradeshJharkhand Delhi
Meghalaya
0
45 50 55 60 65
Microeconomic Competitiveness Score
Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 MANUFACTURING AND COMPETITIVENESS
50000
Goa

45000

40000
Manufacturing GSDP per capita in Rupees /Annum

35000

30000

25000

Gujarat
20000
y = 966.5x - 47032
R² = 0.295
Maharashtra Haryana
15000

Tamil Nadu
Chhattisgarh Karnataka Delhi
10000 Jharkhand Punjab

Himachal Pradesh Andhra Pradesh

Orissa Uttarakhand
Kerala
West Bengal Rajasthan
5000 Jammu and Kashmir Assam
Uttar Pradesh
Meghalaya
Manipur Madhya Pradesh
Nagaland Tripura Sikkim Bihar
Arunachal Pradesh Mizoram
0
45 50 55 60 65

Microeconomic Competitiveness Score

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
 SERVICES AND COMPETITIVENESS
90000
Delhi

80000

70000
Services GSDP per capita in Rupees /Annum

60000 Goa

50000 y = 2177.x - 97702

Maharashtra R² = 0.463
Haryana
40000 Kerala

Punjab
Tamil Nadu
30000 Karnataka
Mizoram Gujarat
Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim West Bengal
Nagaland Uttarakhand
Tripura Himachal Pradesh
20000 Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya
Orissa
Assam
Jammu and Kashmir Chhattisgarh Rajasthan

Manipur Uttar PradeshMadhya Pradesh

10000 Jharkhand
Bihar

0
45 50 55 60 65 70

Microeconomic Competitiveness Score

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
HOUSEHOLDS IN INDIA

Households in India (in Millions) 2001 and 2011

32.92

23.83
21.02 20.07
18.94 18.49
25.76
13.18 14.97
12.18 19.06 12.58
16.85 9.66 15.72
7.72 14.17
6.37 13.98 5.62 6.18 10.92 0.51 0.54 0.22 0.40 5.41
0.26 0.32 9.64 4.72 1.48 2.02 10.23 9.34 0.13 0.84 2.00
4.15 0.28 6.60 7.87
0.21 4.94 3.53 1.24 1.55 4.86 0.40 0.42 0.16 0.33 4.27 0.10 0.66 1.59

Percentage of Households in India 2001 and 2011 having electricity

96.9 96.8 96.6

90.4 90.5 85.1 90.6 94.4 83.9 92.5 93.4
92.2 84.2 81.6
67.1 87
65.7 75.3 68.4 67
93.6 94.8 60.9 91.9 68.4
80.4 82.9 80.7 78.6 77.8 78.2 54.5
67.2 45.8 70.2 70.0 77.5 69.6 63.6 43 36.8 60.3
54.7 37.1 53.1 60.0 54.7
16.4 42.7 41.8 37.5
24.9 10.3 26.9 31.9
24.3

Percentage of Households having electricity in India 2001 Percentage of Households having electricity in India 2011

Source: Census of India,2011 Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

 ACCESS TO WATER

100 3.4 0.9 3.2

2 3.1 1.7 1.8 3.4 2.3 2 2.6 2.2 3.2 3.5 2.4
6.7 3 5.1 5.2 0.1 4.4
0.7 14.1 5.7
3.6 11.1 2.9 11.3 3.5 7.2 7.6 0.3 3.7
2 9.6 6.9 8.2
16.7 2.9 15.8 11.1 0.5
90 12.9 0 20.6 16.7 16
89.5 21.9 16.3 9.9 4.6
0.6 29.9 20
2.4 9.2 13.7
1.5 12.2 85.3
0 34.8 11.6 85.4 5.1
80 22
12 10.7 4.5 47.2 5.5 79.8
11.4 14.4
2.2
Percentage by source of households

7.1 6.4
43.8 9
70 1.1
3
5.7 18.1 2.6
6.5 0.9 2.8 47.1 69 69.9
68.8
24.7 68.2 25.3 64.9 0.8 67.9
66.1
65.5 4.7 58.4
60 63.9 25.7 62
58.7 50.1
50.2 41.5
86.6 0.4 25.4
50 0.5
6.5
51 27.4
10.8
47.2
7.5
40
40.6 39.3
38.6
20
30 33.2 36.5
4 6
11.4 29.3
27.3 19.5
25.4
20 18.9 23.4
20.7

10 12.9 13.8
4.3 10.5

0 4.4

Tap water Well Handpump Tubewell Tank, Pond, Lake, River, Spring, Canal and any other source

Source: Census of India,2011 Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

 EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS

160,000
Madhya Share of Exports from various states in 2010-11 Value of Exports from various states
Pradesh
1% Goa 140,000
1%
Punjab
2%
Rest of the 120,000
Rajasthan states 53788
2% 11% 61694
Delhi

Exports in Millions of Dollars

2% Gujarat 100,000
Kerala 25%
3%
Odisha
3% 80,000
West Bengal
3% 43356
60,000 38775
Uttar Pradesh Maharashtra
3% 21%
Haryana 23378
3% Tamil Nadu 40,000 44667
9% 40272
Andhra Pradesh
16085 13603 12567
5%
20,000
Karnataka 9093 8208
18540 8559 8584 7111 6990 6547
5% 5524
12296 9897 5679 4197 5843
3230
4792 7571 5583 3351
0 4753

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Source: Economic Survey of India 2011, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
COUNTRY EQUIVALENTS

BAHA CUBA
MAS

Source: EIU 2011, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

EXPORTS FROM THE TOP 15 STATES PERCENTAGE OF THE TOTAL

Jammu and Kashmir

Himachal Pradesh
Pakistan China
Punjab Uttarakhand
1.6
Haryana
3.4 Delhi Arunachal Pradesh
Nepal
2.4
Uttar Pradesh Sikkim
Rajasthan 3.3
2.1 Assam Nagaland
Bihar Meghalaya
Manipur
Tripura
Gujarat Jharkhand Mizoram
24.6 Madhya Pradesh West Bengal
1.2 2.8
Chhattisgarh

Odisha
2.8
Maharashtra
21.4 Bay of Bengal
Arabian Sea

Andhra Pradesh
5.0
Goa
0.7
Karnataka
5.4

Tamil Nadu
Kerala 9.3
2.6

Sri Lanka
Indian Ocean

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

NUMBER OF PPP PROJECTS IN INDIA

Jammu and Kashmir

3

Himachal Pradesh
Pakistan 1 China
Punjab Uttarakhand
35
21
Haryana
40
15 Delhi Nepal Arunachal Pradesh
Sikkim 7
Uttar Pradesh 31
Rajasthan 22
Assam Nagaland
0
67 7
Bihar Meghalaya
2
18 Manipur
0
Tripura
Gujarat Jharkhand 0 Mizoram
74 Madhya Pradesh 11 West Bengal 0
88 36
Chhattisgarh
4
Odisha
33
Maharashtra
88
Bay of Bengal
Arabian Sea

Andhra Pradesh
Goa 100
2
Karnataka
108

Tamil Nadu
Kerala 52
33

Sri Lanka
Indian Ocean

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

POPULATION PERCENTAGES IN STATES

Jammu and Kashmir

1.04

Himachal Pradesh
Pakistan 0.57 China
Punjab Uttarakhand
2.29
0.84
Haryana
2.09
Delhi Nepal Arunachal Pradesh
1.38 Sikkim 0.11
Uttar Pradesh
Rajasthan 16.49 Nagaland
5.67 Assam
2.58 0.16
Bihar Meghalaya
0.24
8.58 Manipur
0.22
Tripura
Gujarat Jharkhand 0.30 Mizoram
4.99 Madhya 2.72 West Bengal 0.09
6.00 Pradesh 7.55
Chhattisgarh
2.11
Odisha
3.47
Maharashtra
9.29 Bay of Bengal
Arabian Sea

Andhra Pradesh
Goa 7.00
0.12
Karnataka
5.05

Tamil Nadu
Kerala 5.96
2.76

Sri Lanka
Indian Ocean

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

PROSPERITY IN INDIA

Jammu and Kashmir

474

Himachal Pradesh
Pakistan 872 China
Punjab
821 Uttarakhand
650
1056
Haryana
1652 Delhi Arunachal Pradesh
Nepal 669 553
Uttar Pradesh Sikkim
Rajasthan 320
494 Assam Nagaland
396 378
Bihar Meghalaya
571
254 Manipur
394
Gujarat Jharkhand Tripura
Mizoram
941 Madhya Pradesh 404 West Bengal 544 529
377 615
Chhattisgarh
534
Odisha
Maharashtra 487
945
Bay of Bengal
Arabian Sea

Andhra Pradesh
Goa 698
1788
Karnataka
713

Tamil Nadu
Kerala 801
933

Sri Lanka
Indian Ocean

All the figures are in dollars, The exchange rate taken for arriving at the figures was 1 US$ = 49 Rupees

Source: Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

STATE OF INDUSTRIES

10000000
Andhra Pradesh West Bengal Uttar Pradesh
Gujarat Karnataka Maharashtra
Delhi Kerala
Rajasthan Tamil Nadu
Orissa Punjab
Bihar
Assam Madhya Pradesh Haryana
1000000 Jharkhand
Jammu & Kashmir
Chhattisgarh

Tripura Uttarakhand
Meghalaya
Goa
All India Average of

India
All
Manipur
100000 Sikkim Himachal Pradesh All India Average 18,54,826 people
Nagaland
Arunachal Pradesh 23816.62 Crores employed/ state
Mizoram

10000

1000

100

10

1
0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000 120000

Contribution in Rs Crores

Source: MSME , Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

CONTRIBUTION PER PERSON IN INDUSTRIES

7.00

6.00 5.75
Contribution in Lakhs of Rupees

5.00

4.00 3.79 3.88

3.56
3.34
2.96 Average
3.00 Contribution of 2.76
1.57 2.27
Lakhs/Person 1.98
2.00 1.77 1.72
1.41 1.37 1.26 1.20
1.00 0.76 0.76 0.81
0.51 0.55 0.43 0.62 0.62
0.30 0.36 0.35 0.25
0.14 0.20
0.00

Source: MSME 4th round , Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

PER UNIT EMPLOYMENT VERSUS PER UNIT GROSS OUTPUT

80.00

70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00 Per unit employment (Person)
Per unit Gross Output (in Lakhs of Rupees)
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00

Manufacturing
Services

Manufacturing Services

Per unit employment (Person) 9.31 3.75

Per unit Gross Output (in Lakhs of Rupees) 78.96 10.98

Per unit revenues/ per unit employment 8.48 2.93

Source: MSME 4th round, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

MARKET VALUE VERSUS ORIGINAL VALUE OF PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

14000.00

12000.00 Market value of Fixed Investments in Crores of

Rupees
10000.00

8000.00

6000.00

4000.00 Original value of Plant and Machinery/ Equipment

in Crores of Rupees
2000.00

0.00

Manufacturing
Services

Manufacturing Services

Market value of Fixed Investments in Crores of Rupees 13375.00 1642.53

Original value of Plant and Machinery/ Equipment in Crores of Rupees 3092.07 288.47

No of times valued by the market 4.33 5.69

Source: MSME fourth round, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

STATE OF CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT: TOTAL NUMBER OF FACTORIES

Agricultural Glass and

Furniture related
services
industries
Wood and
Agricultural Domestic
Forest
Products and electric Television
Products
Industries and allied
electronic
Other industries Other
Processed Service Lighting transportat
food Industries Electric ion
Publishing equipment
and
Printing Medical Machinery
equipment and
Equipment
Automotiv
e
Pulp and
Apparels Textiles Paper
and related
industries Chemicals Production
Tobacco

Minerals

Footwear Rubber and

Leather Oil and Gas Plastic Metals
industries Industries Mining

Top 7 types of Industries in the state 15-21 types of Industries in the state
7-14 types of Industries in the state 21-28 types of Industries in state
Source: ASI 2008-09, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
STATE OF CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT: TOTAL NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES

Agricultural Glass and

Furniture related
services
industries
Wood and
Agricultural Domestic
Forest
Products and electric Television
Products
Industries and allied
electronic
Other industries Other
Processed Service Lighting transportat
food Industries Electric ion
Publishing equipment
and
Printing Medical Machinery
equipment and
Equipment
Automotiv
e
Pulp and
Apparels Textiles Paper
and related
industries
Chemicals Production
Tobacco

Minerals

Footwear Rubber and

Leather Oil and Gas Plastic Metals
industries Industries Mining

Top 7 types of Industries in the state 15-21 types of Industries in the state
7-14 types of Industries in the state 21-28 types of Industries in state
Source: ASI 2008-09, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
STATE OF CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT: TOTAL NUMBER OF PEOPLE

0
Mining 0
1317
Automotive 1596
2592
Production 2606
3372
Footwear 3931
4369
Apparels and related Industries 4522
6201
Printing and Publishing 7379
7426
Oil and Gas 7552
9128
Food Processing 9226
11017
Minerals 11041
13437
Domestic and electric industries 17144
18591
Leather Industries 19161
21853
Chemical 23338
47050
Agriculture Products 51381
72159
Textiles 179066

0 20000 40000 60000 80000 100000120000140000160000180000

Source: ASI 2008-09, Institute for Competitiveness Analysis

CREATING A STATE ECONOMIC STRATEGY

State Value Proposition

What are the main strengths, positive attributes, location

advantage etc of the particular state in question.

Developing Unique Strengths Achieving and Maintaining parity

• How can the state leverage on its
unique capabilities and create new
ones?
• Which businesses/ clusters can be
made stronger?
with peers
• What are the key weaknesses
which need to be taken care of
while forming maintaining parity
with peers?

State economic strategy requires setting clear priorities and measuring against
predefined criteria.
 COMPETITION AMONG STATES
Tactical (Zero Sum
Competition)
• Focus on FDI investments
• Compete in every domain
• Offer tax benefits across the
spectrum
• Provide subsidies to lower / offset
business costs
• Every city and sub-region for itself
• Government is responsible for
development of cluster.
Source: Michael E Porter
Strategic (Positive
Sum Competition)
• Focus on domestic and existing
companies
• Compete in specialized cluster domains
• Government incentives and support for
training, infrastructure, and institutions
• Improve the efficiency of doing
business
• Economies of scale to help benefit from
multiple geographies
• Government and the private sector
collaborate to build cluster strength
 HOW SHOULD STATES COMPETE WITH EACH OTHER

Old Model New Model

• Economic development is a
• Government drives economic collaborative process involving
development through policy government at multiple
decisions and incentives levels, companies, teaching and
research institutions, and private
sector organizations

Competitiveness is the result of both top-down and bottom-up processes in

which many companies and institutions take responsibility

Source: Michael E Porter

COMPETITION AMONG STATES

• The purpose of a sound economic policy is to increase the overall prosperity in

the state and for that the states should focus on increasing their competitiveness.
• Improvements and productivity and technological advancement are the guiding
principles in this regard.
• Competitiveness requires a fundamental rethinking of usage of your existing
resources.
• For government has to fundamentally rethink its role, it should try to foster a spirit
of entrepreneurship in the private sector.
• The criteria for judging the merits and demerits of an economic policy should be
by outcomes and not political philosophy.
• The prosperity of India will depend largely on the states and not just the (Center)
Delhi.
INTERPRETATION CHARTS
• The snapshot chart summarizes the relative performance of a state on levels and trends in 5 key
measures. The circles in the chart show the measurement of the chart legend.
• Prosperity: State GDP per capita and 10 year trend.
• Productivity: Average Private wage and 10 year trend.
• Labour Mobilization: Total labour force as a share of civilian population and 10 year trend.
• Clusters: Total number of people employed in the cluster and total number of enterprises in the cluster.
• Type of Economy: Factor Driven economies, Changeover economies, Investment driven
economies, Transition economies, Innovation driven economies and city state economies.
Position Trend
Prosperity

Productivity
Labour Mobilization

State of Clusters
Top 33.33% of the
Type of Economy states
Investment Driven
33.33%-66.67% of
the states
Apparels and textiles
Leading Clusters Metals
Tobacco 66.67% to 100% of
Machinery and Equipment the states
 STATE OF CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT : FACTORIES

Agricultural Glass and

Furniture
services related
industries

Wood and
Forest Agricultural Domestic
Products Products and electric
The Chart represents the number Industries Television
and allied

of factories in various types of electronic

industries

Industries in state. Other Service

Other
transportatio
Processed Industries n
Lighting
food
Electric
equipment
The position of the various types Publishing

of factories shows relative and Printing

Medical Machinery
proximity in terms of type of equipment and
Equipment

Industry. Thus, Chemical is placed

Automotive
next to Oil and gas, etc.
Pulp and
Paper
Textiles
Apparels and
The colour coding is done to related
industries

show the importance of factory Chemicals

Tobacco
Production

sector in terms of number of

Minerals
enterprises in the state. Thus
yellow shows the maximum Leather
Footwear
Oil and Gas Rubber and
Plastic
Metals

number of industries in the state. industries Industries

Mining

Top 7 types of Industries in the state 15-21 types of Industries in the state
7-14 types of Industries in the state 21-28 types of Industries in the state
STATE OF CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT : EMPLOYEES

Agricultural Glass and

Furniture
services related
industries

Wood and

The Chart represents the number of Forest

Products
Agricultural
Products
Domestic
and electric
Industries Television
Employees in various types of and allied
electronic
industries
Industries in state. Other
Other
transportat
Service
Processed ion
Industries Lighting
food
Electric
The position of the various types of equipment

industries shows relative proximity Publishing

and
Printing

in terms of type of Industry. Medical

equipment
Machinery
and
Equipment
Thus, Chemical is placed next to Oil
and gas. etc. Automotive

Pulp and
Paper
Textiles
The colour coding is done to show Apparels
and related

the importance of Industries in industries

Chemicals
Production

terms of number of employees in Tobacco

the state. Thus yellow shows the Minerals

bracket of maximum number of Footwear

Oil and Gas Rubber and Metals
Leather
employees in the state. industries
Plastic
Industries
Mining

Top 7 ranked types of Factories in the state 15-21 ranked types of Factories in the state

7-14 ranked types of Factories in the state 21-28 ranked types of Factories in the state
 COMPONENTS OF REGIONAL ECONOMIES

• The economy has been looked at from the primary, secondary and tertiary Perspective. These sectors
are then looked in detail to find the contribution of each sub sector to the three primary sectors namely
Agriculture, Industry and Services.
• The result is a bubble chart which shows the contribution of each sub sector to the economy.
• The size of the bubble represents the size of the GSDP contribution in Rs. Crores.
0.4
West Bengal/National GSDP share (Percent) ,2011

0.35
Public administration and
defence Electricity, gas and water
0.3 supply
The regions share of
cluster GSDP relative to
0.25
its size
0.2 Construction
Strong and Forestry and logging
Growing Position 0.15 Other Mining and quarrying
services
Agricuture
0.1 Communication
Fishing
Transport by other means
0.05 Real states, ownership of
Trade,dwellings
Banking and and
hotel and business
insurance
restaurant
Manufacturing
Storage services
0 Railways

-5 -0.05 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Cluster is growing
faster than Indian
Average -0.1

Change in contribution of GSDP of West Bengal to total Indian GSDP, CAGR (2000-2011)
 EMPLOYMENT BY A CLUSTER

Machinery and equipment 0.047

• Clusters are geographically proximate Minerals 0.813
Metals 1.555
groups of interconnected companies and Glass Industries 1.62
Pulp and Paper 1.808
associated institutions in a particular field. Chemical 2.869
Furniture 3.07
Examples include chemical and Oil and Gas 3.559
Rubber and Plastic Industries 4.434
pharmaceutical clusters in Gujarat and Tobacco 10.097
Other service industries 10.349
apparel and diamond cluster in Surat. Domestic and electric industries 11.538
Medical 11.752
Clusters and sub clusters taken for the study 12.473
Printing and Publishing
are taken at the end of this report. Mining 17.523
Leather Industries 20.764
Footwear 25.646
Apparels and related Industries 32.839
• Employment by cluster gives a more Production 31.326
Food Processing 39.551
detailed profile of the activities in the state Automotive 50.145
Television and allied electronic industries 51.488
economy that make up the Job Base. It can Wood and forest Products 65.693
Lighting and electric equipment 68.892
be used to understand the importance of Other transportation 71.014
Agriculture services 81.297
the health of various groups of Industries on 115.824
Agriculture Products
the overall prosperity of the region. Textiles 288.837

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

Thousands
Number of People Employed
A BRIEF NOTE OF THE REGIONS AND OVERALL ECONOMY OF WEST BENGAL

• The political boundaries of a state often encompass many distinct regional economies or portions of
large regional economies. A comprehensive approach to economic development should reflect both
the distinct economies within the state as well as strong linkages to the economies in the neighboring
states. In addition to this clusters should be mapped on areas of high economic growth. This will lead
to spillover effects in the long run.
3000000
• A state's or region’s economy can be divided
2549085
into 3 components namely 2500000

2000000

1. Primary/Agriculture sector GSDP in Rs. Crore 1492375

1500000

2. Secondary/Industry sector 1000000

924340

3. Tertiary/Service sector
500000
203375
77352 87111
0
Agriculture, forestry Industry Services
and fishing

In this report we focus more on Industrial sector to bring out its components in detail.
 CLUSTERS AND SUB CLUSTERS IN THE INDIAN ECONOMY

Agricultural products Leather industries Other transportation

• Grain mill products, starches & starch products • Tanning & dressing of leather; luggage, handbags • Other transport equipment
and prepared animal foods • Railway and tramway locomotives and rolling stock
• Other food products Lighting electric equipment • Transport equipment
• Beverages
• Insulated wire and cable Processed food
Apparels and related industries • Accumulators, primary cells and primary batteries
• Manufacture of food products and beverages
• Knitted and crocheted fabrics and articles • Electric lamps and lighting equipment
• Meat, fish, fruit vegetables, oils and fats
• Wearing apparel; dressing and dyeing of fur • Other electrical equipment
• Dairy product
• Wearing apparel, except fur apparel
Machinery and equipment Production
• Structural metal products, tanks, reservoirs •
Agricultural services • Other fabricated metal products
Manufacturing
• Agriculture, hunting, and related services activities • Machinery and equipment
• General purpose machinery Publishing and printing
Automotive • Special purpose machinery • Publishing
• Bodies (coach work) for motor • Printing and service activities related to printing
vehicles Medical equipment
• Parts and accessories for • Medical, precision and optical Rubber and plastic industries
motor vehicles & their engines instruments, watches & clocks • Rubber products
• Plastic products
Chemicals Metals
• Basic chemicals • Basic Iron & Steel
• Basic precious and non-ferrous metals Television and allied electronic industries
• Casting of metals • Electronic valves and tubes
Domestic and electric Industries and other electronic components
• Domestic appliances
• Office, accounting and computing machinery
Minerals • Television and radio transmitters
• Minerals and apparatus
• Electrical machinery and apparatus • Television and radio receivers
• Electric motors, generators and transformers
•
Mining
Electricity distribution and control apparatus
• Mining and quarrying Textiles
• Spinning, weaving and finishing of textiles
Footwear Pulp and Paper • Other textiles
• Footwear
• Pulp and Paper Industries Tobacco
• Tobacco products
Furniture Other service industries
• Furniture • Other Service Industries Wood and forest products
Oil and gas • Wood and of products
Glass and related industries • Coke oven products • Saw milling and planning of wood
• Glass and glass products • Refined petroleum products • Products of wood, cork, straw and plaiting materials