The turbine: The heart of the hydropower

plant

First developed in the 19th century, the hydro turbine is

the machine that fueled the Indutrial Age. Today, the hydro
turbine harvests energy from today's cleanest, most
renewable energy source: water.

The hydro turbine is based on a simple concept. It converts the potential energy of water flowing
against it into mechanical (rotational) energy. The turbine is connected to the generator,
converting this rotational energy into electric power. As such, the turbine is the heart of the
hydropower plant.

BFL has access to the world's most advanced, environmentally friendly hydro turbine
technologies, which have no adverse effect on the environment.

A hydro turbine for every application

Hydropower turbines are classified based on head height, or the height of the fall of water. There
are low-, medium- and high-head turbines. They are also classified as having a vertical or
horizontal orientation. BFL incorporates state-of-the-art turbine technology into every small
hydro plant we produce—four-, five- and six-bladed Kaplan machines, Francis machines, and
two-through-six-jet Pelton machines. These applications range from 1-2 megawatt run-of-river
schemes to 60 megawatts in a single powerhouse with tunneling and large water conductor
systems. Our turnkey hydropower solutions leverage several designs:

 Kaplan & Propeller Turbines

 Francis Turbines
  Pelton Turbines

Kaplan and propeller turbine are axial-flow turbines, generally used for low heads.The
Kaplan turbine has adjustable runner blades and may or may not have adjustable guide-vanes.

 If both blades and guide-vanes are adjustable, the turbine is a "full Kaplan" and double-
regulated.
 "Semi-Kaplan" features fixed guide-vanes and are single-regulated.
 Unregulated propeller turbines, in which both the guide-vanes and runner blades are
fixed, are used when both flow and head remain essentially constant. Conversely, the
double-regulated Kaplan, is a vertical/horizontal axis machine with a spiral casing and
inlet casing, and a radial wicket-gate configuration.

APRIL

 BFL bagged its first order from Georgia, for 2 numbers Horizontal Francis machines of 1
MW each.
 BFL commissioned the Dikleri Saho project in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh,
India. The capacity of the machine is of 1MW, Horizontal Francis.
 BFL commissioned the Neogal Khad project in the Palampur district of Himachal
Pradesh, India. The capacity of the machine is of 7.5 MW, Horizontal 2 Jet Pelton.
 BFl commissioned the Lang mini hydro project in the Tuensang district of Nagaland,
India. The capacity of the machine is of 500 KW, Horizontal Francis.

MARCH

 BFL inaugurated it’s second overseas office in Ankara, Turkey on 4th March 2013. The
office was inaugurated by the Indian Ambassador to Turkey.
 BFL received one of the biggest order from a single customer in India for 12 numbers of
Horizontal Full Kaplan of 5 MW each and 2 numbers of Horizontal Francis of 750 KW
each.

FEBRUARY

 BFL commissioned the Basavanna project in the Yadgir district of Karnataka, India. The
capacity of the machine is of 8.25 MW, Vertical Full Kaplan.

JANUARY

 BFL received an order for 1 number Vertical Full Kaplan 585 KW from a customer in
Punjab, India.
 BFL received an order for 2 numbers Horizontal Francis 1.5 MW each from a customer
in Jammu, India.
 BFL received an order for 2 numbers Vertical Full Kaplan 12.375 MW each from a
customer in Karnataka, India.
With Kaplan turbines, the water flows in axially (horizontally) or radially (vertically) inward,
enters the runner in an axial direction. The control system is designed such that the variation in
blade angle is coupled with the guide-vanes setting, in order to obtain the best efficiency over a
wide range of flows. The blades can rotate with the turbine in operation, through links connected
to a control tube inside the hollow turbine axis.

 A horizontal Kaplan turbine (S-type), used for heads of up to 25 meters. The turbine size
is limited to 3200mm and, since its speed is very low, is usually paired with speed-
increasing gearbox.
 A vertical Kaplan turbine, used for heads up to 50 meters. The vertical Kaplan turbine is
also usually combined with speed-increasing gearbox for power ratings up to 4
megawatts. Above 4 megawatts, a vertical Kaplan turbine is directly connected to
generator.

APRIL

 BFL bagged its first order from Georgia, for 2 numbers Horizontal Francis machines of 1
MW each.
 BFL commissioned the Dikleri Saho project in the Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh,
India. The capacity of the machine is of 1MW, Horizontal Francis.
 BFL commissioned the Neogal Khad project in the Palampur district of Himachal
Pradesh, India. The capacity of the machine is of 7.5 MW, Horizontal 2 Jet Pelton.
 BFl commissioned the Lang mini hydro project in the Tuensang district of Nagaland,
India. The capacity of the machine is of 500 KW, Horizontal Francis.

MARCH

 BFL inaugurated it’s second overseas office in Ankara, Turkey on 4th March 2013. The
office was inaugurated by the Indian Ambassador to Turkey.
 BFL received one of the biggest order from a single customer in India for 12 numbers of
Horizontal Full Kaplan of 5 MW each and 2 numbers of Horizontal Francis of 750 KW
each.

FEBRUARY

 BFL commissioned the Basavanna project in the Yadgir district of Karnataka, India. The
capacity of the machine is of 8.25 MW, Vertical Full Kaplan.

JANUARY

 BFL received an order for 1 number Vertical Full Kaplan 585 KW from a customer in
Punjab, India.
 BFL received an order for 2 numbers Horizontal Francis 1.5 MW each from a customer
in Jammu, India.
 BFL received an order for 2 numbers Vertical Full Kaplan 12.375 MW each from a
customer in Karnataka, India.