Question 1

WRONG
What is your nursing consideration when it comes to administering paracetamol, choose the
contraindicated?

Give after a low fat meal

Give after a high carbohydrate meal

Give after a low sodium meal

Give after a full diabetic diet

Question 1 Explanation:
Answer: B. Give after a high carbohydrate meal – It is recommended that paracetamol should not be
taken after a high carbohydrate meal since it reduces the absorption rate.

Question 2
WRONG
A client came in to your OPD clinic complaining that his medication Betamethasone is not serving him
well. As a nurse you must further assess if she is

Taking it with or without food

Taking it with coffee

Taking it with orange juice

Taking it with caffeine-free tea

Question 2 Explanation:
Answer: B. Taking it with coffee – Taking Betamethasone with caffeine may decrease its absorption.

Question 3
WRONG
Bryan is on lithium therapy. Lithium toxicity will likely happen if the patient is taking this drug?

NSAIDS

Budesonide

Salbutamol
 Penicillin G
Question 3 Explanation:
Answer: A. NSAIDS – NSAIDS would increase the likelihood of lithium toxicity.

Question 4
WRONG
Dina is having seizure episodes. Her maintenance is phenytoin. Which drug can potentiate its effect?

Celecoxib

Mefenamic Acid

Baclofen

Morphine
Question 4 Explanation:
Answer: B. Mefenamic Acid – NSAIDS would increase the effect of phenytoin. The choices were all pain
relievers, however NSAIDS have this action.

Question 5
WRONG
Gout has been a problem with May. Her doctor prescribed Allopurinol in order to reduce uric acid
deposits. These are health teachings for her except?

Teach her to comply with medications as prescribed.

Teach her to avoid alcohol and caffeine

Teach her to drink Vitamin C

Teach her to drink eight to twelve glasses a day of water

Question 5 Explanation:
Answer: C. Teach her to drink Vitamin C – Vitamin C can encourage stone formation in the kidney

Question 6
WRONG
May returned with a laboratory result showing her uric acid levels to be 25 mg/dl. Upon assessment
she’s yellowish in appearance. What is the best nursing action?
 Hold the medication and refer to the physician

Continue the medication and refer to the physician

Hold the medication and reassure that the yellowish discoloration of skin is
only a side effect

Reassure the patient that the medication is on process

Question 6 Explanation:
Answer: A. Hold the medication and refer to the physician – Uric acid is expected to be normal less than
or equal to 6 mg/dL. Yellowish discoloration of skin signals a problem on liver function.

Question 7
WRONG
David wanted to know how he could give eardrops to his father. What is the correct way of administering
eardrops to adults?

Hold the earlobe up and back

Hold the earlobe in a neutral position

Hold the earlobe down and back

either A and C
Question 7 Explanation:
Answer: A. Hold the earlobe up and back – Make the adult patient lie on his back and hold the earlobe
up and back. Anatomically, the adult’s inner ear coil more than the inner ear of a pediatric patient.

Question 8
WRONG
When a patient is diagnosed to have a kidney failure, as a nurse the main goal is to prevent accumulation
of fluids in the body. These are the following health teaching appropriate, except:

Teach the patient to eat low salt diet

Teach the patient to measure his intake and output daily

Teach the patient to have a high carbohydrate diet with low protein content

Teach the patient to have a high carbohydrate diet with high protein content
Question 8 Explanation:
Answer: D. – A high carbohydrate diet with high protein content is not an appropriate health teaching
since it makes the kidneys to work harder in screening the large molecules of proteins. The goal is to
reduce the workload of the kidneys in order to prevent further damage. Eating a low salt diet, high
carbohydrate and low in protein meals as well as fluid restriction are the steps in maintaining the kidney
function.

Question 9
WRONG
A wife of your patient approached you one day telling you that her husband has sudden mood swings.
He was diagnosed to have acute renal failure. How can you make the wife cope with this situation?

Tell her that this is a normal process of having kidney failure and listen to
her more

Tell her that this will just soon pass away

Tell her that she is the one who is having some adjustment and not her
husband

Tell her that this is not your business, it is a problem that she and her
husband will fix it
Question 9 Explanation:
Answer: A. – Therapeutic communication using listening skills is a very important factor in helping the
significant others to adjust to the situation. Be the source of the information and listen to them rather
than blocking them. Empathy is also essential in order to see the needs of the patient as well as his wife.
Other items were not correct since it pose judgemental comments rather than understanding.

Question 10
WRONG
In caring for the patient with elevated BUN and serum creatinine, he will most likely be dehydrated; loss
of weight and the skin turgor is poor. What nursing diagnosis describes this best:

Skin integrity impairment

Alterations in Nutritional requirement

Fluid Volume Deficit

Risk for Injury

Question 10 Explanation:
Answer: C. - A common reason for an increase in BUN is dehydration. The nurse should consider the BUN
level, along with the patient's vital signs, intake and output, weight, and skin turgor as potential
indicators of dehydration. Because an increased BUN may also be caused by anything that causes poor
renal perfusion or renal dysfunction, it is important to look at the BUN in relation to the pathological
process for the individual patient.

Question 11
WRONG
Cushing’s syndrome has symptoms of weight gain, buffalo hump, moon face, insomnia, and hirsutism.
Upon laboratory examination which of the following may not increase

Neutrophils

Eosinophils

Basophils

Lymphocytes
Question 11 Explanation:
Answer: B. Eosinophils – This is used in order to determine allergy, drug reactions, Hodgkin’s disease. In
Cushing’s syndrome, it is expected to decrease.

Question 12
WRONG
Marina is diagnosed to be pre-diabetic. These are risk factors of a pre-diabetic except:

Having a first-degree relative with Diabetes Mellitus

History of vascular disease

Blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg

Inactive lifestyle
Question 12 Explanation:
Answer: C – A pre-diabetic patient is expected also the have elevated blood pressure levels. This is a
normal blood pressure.

Question 13
 WRONG
A 56-year-old patient complains of longer wound healing, increase in thirst and having a blurred vision.
What is an appropriate nursing action?

Diagnose him to be a diabetic

Request for HbA1C

Request for Fasting Blood Sugar

Refer to the physician

Question 13 Explanation:
Answer: D. Refer to the physician – This is the right nursing action since it is the duty of the physician to
make a medical diagnosis. A collaborative approach must be taken into consideration.

Question 14
WRONG
A 65-year-old Diabetic patient would complain numbness of extremities, as a nurse you would recognize
this as

Varicose Veins

Hypokalaemia

Sprain

Neuropathy
Question 14 Explanation:
Answer: D. Neuropathy – One of the major complications in a diabetic patient. It is a loss of function of
the nerves that would conduct nerve impulses. Neuropathy can have symptoms such as loss of
sensation, paralysis, tingling and burning pain.

Question 15
WRONG
For a diagnosed diabetic, which of the following therapy should be done annually?

Eye Examination

Antiplatelet therapy
 HbA1C testing

Self-monitoring of blood glucose

Question 15 Explanation:
Answer: A. Eye Examination – An annual check-up of the eyes can also prevent or minimize the blurring
of vision. Antiplatelet therapy can be done continuously while HbA1C is advised to be checked twice a
year. Self-monitoring of blood glucose can be done every day.

Question 16
WRONG
In a stroke patient, which diagnostic exam would sensitively determine infarcts?

CT Scan

MRI

Skull X-ray

Doppler Studies
Question 16 Explanation:
Answer: B. MRI – Magnetic Resonance Imaging can be done in order to check for the old and new
infarcts.

Question 17
WRONG
Which of the following factors is the leading cause of stroke?

Eating fatty foods

Inactive Lifestyle

Smoking

Traumatic Brain Injury

Question 17 Explanation:
Answer: C. Smoking – According to research smoking is the leading cause of stroke. Smoking can allow
plaques to form inside the arterial wall making it harder to allow good circulation around the brain.

Question 18
 WRONG
Using the Hunt-Hess Scale in grading the effect of the Sub-Arachnoid haemorrhage, what is the category
of a patient who has a Glasgow Coma Scale of 13-14, with mild motor deficits and confused, somnolent?

Grade 1

Grade 2

Grade 3

Grade 4
Question 18 Explanation:
Answer: C

Question 19
WRONG
Situation. 19-20. Renzo is a labourer in a construction company. He consulted to the company clinic one
day, he complained of back pain for several days. The doctor instructed him to take Mefenamic Acid
500mg every 4 hours for back pain. He further advised Renzo to come back if the pain persists after
three days.On the day 1, what will be your priority nursing diagnosis?

Body image disturbance related to pain

Acute pain related to physical exertion

Fatigue related to physical exertion

Impaired physical mobility related to physical exertion

Question 19 Explanation:
Answer: B. Acute pain related to physical exertion – One day 1, this is the appropriate nursing diagnosis
for the case. Other items were also related however at the moment it does not answer what is being
asked.

Question 20
WRONG
One the 3rd day, Renzo returned with additional symptoms: sensory loss and frequent urination. As a
nurse, you are expecting that the doctor will ask as an initial diagnostic procedure?

CT Scan with contrast

 X-ray Lumbosacral

MRI with gadolinium

Urinalysis
Question 20 Explanation:
Answer: C. – Am MRI with gadolinium is a common contrast media in order visualize the internal body
structures. These agents would work with magnetic fields.

Question 21
WRONG
What would you expect to a patient with Multiple Sclerosis?

Recurrent attack of focal neurologic dysfunction

Ataxia

Neck Flexion

Echopraxia
Question 21 Explanation:
Answer: D. Echopraxia – This is a kind of movement wherein the patient involuntarily imitate the
movement of the other person.

Question 22
WRONG
All of these factors increase the tendency to aggravate Multiple Sclerosis except:

Stress

Exercise

Cold Weather

Warm Weather
Question 22 Explanation:
Answer: C. Cold Weather – The following items involves the use of energy as well as movements of the
body. Anything that can add stress to body can affect the normal functioning of the nerves especially in
the case of Multiple Sclerosis.
Question 23
WRONG
What type of cells abnormally functions in the case of Multiple Sclerosis?

Beta cells

T cells

Alpha cells

Red blood cells

Question 23 Explanation:
Answer: B. T cells - T-cells have an important role during the inflammation of the central nervous system.
It combats the foreign entity inside the body. However, in the case of multiple sclerosis, as it is believed
to be an autoimmune disease, the T-cells could not recognize the cells that they destroy; they might also
destroy the myelin sheath that is not a foreign entity.

Question 24
WRONG
According to studies, these are the following causes of Multiple Sclerosis except:

Hereditary

Traumatic Brain Injury

Vitamin D deficiency

Viral Infection
Question 24 Explanation:
Answer: B. Traumatic Brain injury - . Multiple sclerosis can run into a family when a complete assessment
is done. Some instances can also be pointed out as a result of a severe viral infection or vitamin D
deficiency.

Question 25
WRONG
Which of the following does not belong to the group of nursing priority in caring for a patient with
Multiple Sclerosis:

Provide safe environment for the client

 Provide steps to prevent infecting others

Assist the patient in every activity

Teach the patient to maximize his or her own capability

Question 25 Explanation:
Answer: B. Provide steps to prevent infecting others – Multiple Sclerosis is not a communicable disease.
It is thought to be autoimmune and the results of having such illness are impaired physical mobility. The
goals in nursing care are concentrated in providing a safe environment as well as give the needed
assistance in performing the activities of daily living.