Causative Factors That Impacts Road Accidents

I. INTRODUCTION

Incidents on the road is one of the main social problem with regards to the road issue that

the world is experiencing [1]. Many drivers including those pedestrians suffer from death based

on the data gathered for about 3,000 people worldwide on a daily basis. An assessment on the

accidents that leads to an analysis to get probable factors for road accident. [2]. With this, most of

the accidents were on the road at it is one of the major causes of death in the world. In a public

health perspective, occurrence of road accident is significant having the information about factors

that affect such incident [3],[4]. Among all factors that contribute to accident, it is the driver’s

responsibility that accounts 78% of overall accidents [5]. Serious illnesses are more like of the

injuries caused by road incidence and such things cannot be controlled. Over 20 million were

damaged in the local and international such it is the 11th primary cause of death with 1.2 million

people lost their lives on the road [6].

II. CONTRIBUTING FACTORS

To narrow it down, two factors are seen to be categorized to influence incidence on the

road which are engineering factors that include the road, its condition and the vehicle and the other

one which the human factor [7]. A challenging thing to examine how the behavior of human affects

accidents. These accidents were just used to gather information on the factor that it leads the

researcher to explore more of it. Finding out that it some accidents are determined by the driver’s

experience, their driving years, social status and driver’s behavioral whether they have an offense,

speeding too much, overtaking or using mobile phone that disrupts the driver. There was a
questionnaire with four (4) sections: First section is more of the socio-economic status, the second

one is more of multiple choice where it asks about disturbance while driving, the third section is

information on their license and lastly is more of the discussion related to the occurrence of

accidents [8].

The experience deficiency of drivers who are beginners rises up the rate of involvement as

they have little experience and some drives without a license [9]. The risk for drivers’ injury can

be high and it is based on their behavior whether they were influenced by alcohol or whether they

wear seatbelt when driving [10]. Preventing the risk of getting into an accident in road is being

predicted such a solution is made. Most of the road incidents depend on how much acceleration is

produced by drivers. Fatalities on the road including injuries are products of how people behave

when driving. Drivers that are influence by alcohol or drugs are disallowed to drive by the law for

it ruins the decision-making of the drivers to work properly [11]. Thus, comparing to road and

vehicular factor, it shows that human factor ominously contributes to the road accidents

[12],[13],[14].

Drivers cannot go away with danger as they travel whether long or short distances because

they are prone to face accident on the road. When vehicle, road users and infrastructure interact

with one another, this leads to disarrangement on traffic flow [15]. Those who manage the road

infrastructure tries to reduce the incidence as they are purely concern with traffic safety [16]. They

see over speeding as one of the primary reason in a road accident and it also affects the severity of

crashes [17],[18],[19]. Furthermore, as the speed of drivers increases so as the increase of the

severity of crash. Critical conditions are also discovered as the circumstances of the weather

distresses the driver together with heavy rain or the blackness of the night [20].

III. GAPS IN RESEARCH

 Based on the prior researches conducted, they merely enumerated all kinds of factors that

influence accidents on the road. There must be an identification of what are those types of accidents

caused by factors above-mentioned. An analysis must be done in order to know what must be

implemented with regards to the occurrence of road accidents in the City of Zamboanga. Some

factors may not be applicable in the city but to elaborate more of the contributing factor and the

type of accidents caused by it. It can evaluate an event to know whether whose party is responsible

for such accident, thus a countermeasure can be recommended in order to stabilize the rate of

accident.