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Determine the depth of embedment for the sheet piling shown by rigorous analysis.
Determine also the minimum section modulus. An allowable flexural stress
fb=175MN/m2. The soil has an effective unit weight of 17kN/m3 and angle of internal
friction of 30o.
Solution
For ∅ = 30o, Ka =tan2( 45 –∅/2)= 1/3.
Kp = tan2( 45 +∅/2)= 3
From,
Effective passive earth at the base of Effective passive earth at the base of
the pile acting towards the backfill the pile acting against backfill side
S horizontal forces per unit length of wall = 0 S moment forces per unit length of wall about pile bottom= 0
Simplifying,
Depth of Embedment
Increasing by 40%,
Since, 2C = qu
'2 35.97
L3 1.39m
'(K p K a ) (9.69)(2.667)
Z
M E
[24.81(1.39 6.1
3.05
) 99.25(1.39
6.1
) 60.01(1.39
6.1
) 25.0(2 x1.39 / 3)]
1
4.21m
P 3 2 3 (209.07)
3P[( L1 L2 L3 ) ( z l1 )]
L3 4 1.5 L2 4 (l2 L2 L3 ) 0
' (K p Ka )
L4 = 2.7m
For static equilibrium, the sum of the forces in the horizontal direction is:
F P 0.5 ' ( Kp Ka ) L2 4
209.07 0.5(9.69)(2.667)(2.7) 2 114.87 kN / m
For the maximum moment to occur, the shear force becomes zero at a depth z,
1 ' L1 F 1 ' ( z L1 ) K a ' z L1 2 0
1 1
1 3.05 x2 1 x
2 2 M max ' L1( x ) F ( x 1.52) ' Ka ' x 2 ( )
2 3 2 2 3
Let z-L1 = x, so that
1 3.05 42 1 1 4
M max 16.27(3.05)(4 ) 115(4 1.52) 16.27( ) ( )9.69(4) 2 ( )
16.27(3.05) 115 16.27( x) ( )9.69 x 0
1 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 3 3
2 2 3
x 2 10.07 x 55.84 0 X=4m Mmax= 344.9kN.m/m
Z =7.05m
Example 4
A long trench is excavated in a medium dense sand for the foundation of a multistory building. The sides of
the trench are supported with sheet pile walls fixed in place by struts and wales as shown. The soil
properties are: unit weight of 18.5kN/m3 and angle of internal friction of 38o.
Determine: a) The pressure distribution on the walls with respect to depth
b) Strut loads. The struts are place horizontally at a distance 4m
c) The maximum bending moment for determining the pile wall section
d) The maximum bending moments for determining the section of the wales