Answer the following questions in either word or excel

For part ( 1 )here are two documents. The word document contains
the questions and the excel document contains the associated data.

Part 1
2.1 Spider silk is the strongest known material, natural or man-made, on a weight basis. A study
examined the mechanical properties of spider silk using 21 female golden orb weavers Nephila
clavipes. Here are data on silk yield stress, which represents the amount of force per unit area
needed to reach permanent deformation of the silk strand. The data are expressed in
megapascals (MPa).

- Find the mean yield stress. How many of the 21 spiders had a yield stress less than the mean?

2.3 Find the median for the yield stress values from exercise 2.1. Compare the mean and median
for these data. What general fact does your comparison illustrate?

2.4 Exercise 1.9 provides the fasting plasma glucose levels for 18 diabetics enrolled in a diabetes
control class, five months after the end of the class. The data set has one high outlier. Calculate
the mean and median glucose level with and without the outlier. How does the outlier affect
each measure of center? What general fact about the mean and median does your result
illustrate?

2.6 People with diabetes must monitor and control their blood glucose level. The goal is to
maintain a “fasting plasma glucose” between about 90 and 130 mg/dl. Exercise 1.9 provides the
fasting plasma glucose levels for 18 diabetics enrolled in a diabetes control class, five months
after the end of the class. Here are the data for 16 diabetics who received individual instruction
instead.
a) Calculate the five-number summary for each of the two data sets

2.24 Table 1.2 gives the ratio of omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids in common food oils. Exc 1.34
asked you to plot the data. The distribution is strongly right-skewed with a high outlier. Do you
expect the mean to be greater than the median, about equal to the median, or less than the
median? Why? Calculate the mean and median and verify your experience.
Part 2
Please answer the following questions from your textbook. You will need to use MS Excel to
complete this assignment. Your graphs must be labeled appropriately to receive full credit
Exercise 1.3
Do popular cartoon characters on food packages influence children’s food choices? A study
asked 40 young children (ages 4 to 6) to taste graham crackers presented in a package either
with or without a popular cartoon character, and to indicate whether the two foods tasted the
same or one tasted better. Unknown to the children, the crackers were the same both times.
Here are the findings.

Taste Preference Number of Children Percent

Without character 3 7.5
Taste the same 15 37.5
With character 22 55.0

Present the data in a well-labeled bar graph. Would it also be correct to make a pie chart?
What do the data suggest about the influence of cartoon characters on graham cracker
preference in young children?

Exercise 1.4
The study in Exercise 1.3 also asked these 40 children to taste gummy fruit snacks and baby
carrots presented in packages either with or without a popular cartoon character. For each
food type, the children selected which o the two options they would prefer to eat for a snack.
(Note that this is a different question from the one asked in the previous exercise.) The number
and percent of children choosing the version with a cartoon on the package are displayed in the
table below:

Food Item Number of children Percent choosing the

choosing the cartoon cartoon version
version
Graham crackers 35 87.5
Gummy fruit snack 34 85.0
Baby carrots 29 72.5

Make a well labeled bar graph of the data.

Would it be correct to make a single pie chart of these data? Explain your reasoning.
Exercise 1.8
Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized, in part, by the fear of becoming fat and by
voluntary starvation; it often leads to death from suicide or organ failure. A Canadian study
surveyed 691 adolescent girls diagnosed with anorexia nervosa and their families. Figure 1.8 is a
histogram of the distribution of age at onset of anorexia for the 691 girls in the study (note that,
if the onset occurred on the 12th birthday, for example, the onset is reported as 12.01 for the
purpose of the histogram, to be coherent with customary age descriptions). Describe the shape
of the distribution. Within which class does the midpoint of the distribution lie?

Figure 1.18
200

150
Frequency

100

50

0
11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15 15-16 16-17
Age (years) at onset of anorexia
Exercise 1.24
You are preparing to study the eating habits of elementary school children. Describe two
categorical variables and two quantitative variables that you might record for each child. Give
the units of measurement for the quantitative variables.

Exercise 1.25
Mercury is a metal highly toxic to the nervous system. Below is a small part of an EESEE data set
(“Mercury in Bass”) from a study that assessed the water quality of 53 representative lakes in
Florida.

Lake name pH Chlorophyll Avg. Number of Age of data

(mg/l) mercury in fish
fish (parts sampled
per million)
Alligator 6.1 0.7 1.23 5 Year old
Annie 5.1 3.2 1.33 7 Recent
Apopka 9.1 128.3 0.04 6 Recent
Blue cypress 6.9 3.5 0.44 12 Recent
Brick 4.6 1.8 1.20 12 Year old
Bryant 7.3 44.1 0.27 14 Year old

(a) What individuals does this data set describe?

(b) In addition to the lake’s name, how many variables does the data set contain? Which of
these variables are categorical and which are quantitate?

Exercise 1.28
The 2011 National Health Interview Survey by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
provides weight categorization for adults 18 years old and over based on their body mass index:

Weight Category Percent of adults

Underweight 1.6
Healthy weight 36.3
Overweight 34.2
Obese 27.9

(a) Make a bar graph of these percents. What do you conclude about the weight problem in
America?
(b) Could you make a pie chart for these data? (Explain why or why not.) If so, what would it
emphasize?
Exercise 1.29
The same NCHS report (see previous exercise) breaks down the sampled individuals by age
group. Here are the percents of obese individuals in the 2011 survey for each age group:

Age group Percent who are obese

18 to 44 26.2
45 to 64 32.2
65 to 74 31.6
75 and over 19.5

(a) Make a bar graph of these percents. What do you conclude about the weight problem in
America?
(b) Could you make a pie chart for these data? (Explain why or why not.) If so, what would it
emphasize?