Constitutional Law- I

Article 14, 15, 16(Refer to ppt. All cases discussed in class can be found in ppt)

Article 19
Freedom of speech and expression:

Cases discussed by Hazare sir.

Freedom of press:

Cases discussed in class:

 Sakal Papers Ltd. v. Union of India 1962 SCR (3) 842.

 Bennett Coleman vs Union of India 1973 SCR (2) 757
 Express Newspapers vs Union of India AIR 1958 SC 578
 Express Publications (Madurai) vs Union of India

Freedom to assemble peacefully without arms

Cases discussed:

 Himat Lal k. Shah vs Commissioner of Police; Ahemdabad & Anr. AIR 1973 SC 87
 Railway Board, Representing the Union of India, New Delhi & Anr. vs Niranjan
Singh AIR 1969 SC 966
 Ramlila Maidan Incident dt. 4/5/2011 vs Home Secretary, Union of India & Ors.
(2012) 5 SCC 1

Freedom of association

Cases discussed:

 All India Bank Employees Association vs National Industrial Tribunal & Others
 Kameshwar Prasad vs State of Bihar

Freedom of movement

Cases discussed:

 Kharak Singh vs State of U.P. AIR 1963 SC 1295

 Govind vs State of Madhya Pradesh AIR 1975 SC 1378

Freedom of occupation

Cases discussed:

 T.M.A. Pai Foundation & Ors. vs State of Karnataka & Ors. (2002) 8 SCC 481
 P.A. Inamdar vs State of Maharashtra (2005) 6 SCC 537
  Pramati Educational & Cultural Trust & Ors. vs Union of India & Ors.
(2014) 8 SCC 1

Article 21 of the Constitution of India (Also refer to ppt)

Interpretation of Personal Liberty

 A.K. Gopalan vs State of Madras, AIR 1950 SC 27

 R.C. Cooper vs Union of India, (1970) I SCC 248
 Maneka Gandhi vs Union of India, (1978) I SCC 248
 Privacy cases (refer to ppt)

Interpretation of the term “life” within the meaning of Article 21 of the Constitution of India.

Cases discussed in class:

 Munn vs Illinois 94 US 113

 Francis Coralie Mullin vs U.T. of Delhi (1981) I SCC 608
 Bandhua Mukti Morcha vs Union of India (1984) 3 SCC 161

Post Maneka Gandhi Criminal Justice Reforms

Cases discussed in class:

 Sunil Batra I vs Delhi Administration & Ors. 1979 SCR (1) 392
 Charles Sobraj vs The Superintendent, Tihar Jail 1979 SCR (1) 512
 Hussainara Khatoon & Ors. vs Home Secretary, State of Bbihar 1979 SCR (3) 352
 Sunil Batra vs Delhi Administration 1980 SCR (2) 557

Rights read into Article 21 of the Constitution of India (You only need to remember what
rights have been read into Article 21 under what case)

 Right to legal aid- M.H. Hoskot vs State of Maharashtra (1979) 1 SCC 192
 Right to speedy trial- Hussainara Khatoon vs State of Bihar (1979) 3 SCR 169
 Right against solitary confinement- Sunil Batra vs Delhi Administration (1979) 4
SCC 494
 Right Against bar fetters- Charles Sobraj vs Suptd, Central Jail (1979) 1 SCR 512
 Right Against handcuffing: Prem Shankar vs Delhi Administration (1980) 3 SCR 855
 Right against custodial violence- Sheela Barse vs State of Maharashtra (1983) 2 SCC
96
 Right to livelihood- Olga Tellis vs Bombay Municipal Corporation, Delhi Transport
Corporation Mazdoor Congress AIR 1986 SC 180, AIR 1991 SC 101
 Right to Shelter- Olga Tellis vs Bombay Municipla Corporation AIR 1986 SC 180
 Right to food, clothing- Shantisar Builders vs Narayan Khimalal Totane AIR 1990 SC
630
  Right to medical aid and Right to Health- Vincent vs Union of India, Indian Medical
Association vs V.P. Shantha AIR 1987 SC 990, (1995) 6 SCC 551
 Right to Reputation- State of Bihar vs Lal Krishna Advani 2003 (8) SCC 361
 Right to Privacy (also refer to ppt)- Distt Registrar and Collector vs Canara Bank
(2005) 1 SCC 496
 Right to a pollution free environment- State of MP vs Kedia Leather & Liquor Ltd.
(2003) 7 SCC 389

Constitutional protection to the accused in criminal offences

Article 20(1): Cases discussed in class:

 Ratan Lal vs State of Punjab AIR 1965 SC 444

 K. Satwant Singh vs State of Punjab AIR 1960 SC 266
 Sarla Mudgal vs Union of India AIR 1955 SC 1531
 Lily Thomas vs Union of India AIR 2000 SC 1650

Article 20(2): Cases discussed in class:

 Maqbool Hussain vs State of Bombay AIR 1953 SC 325

 Mohinder Singh vs State of Punjab (1998) 7 SCC 390

Article 20(3): Cases discussed in class:

 M.P. Sharma vs Satish Chandra (1950) S.C.R. 88

 State of Bombay vs Kathi Kalu Oghad AIR 1961 SC 1808
 Selvi vs State of Karnataka 2010 (7) SCC 263

Preventive Detention
Art. 22 cases discussed in class:

 A.K. Roy vs Union of India AIR 1981 SC 710

 Shibban Lal Saxena vs The State of Uttar Pradesh & Ors. 1954 SCR 418
 State of Bombay vs Atma Ram Shridhar Vaidya 1951 SCR 167
 Rameshwar Shaw vs District Magistrate & Anr. 1964 SCR (4) 921

Right to Religion (Art. 25-28)

Art. 25

Doctrine of Essential Religious Practices: cases discussed in class:

 Ram Prasad Seth vs State of U.P. AIR 1957 All 411

 Mohd. Hanif Qureshi & Others 1959 SCR 629
 Sardar Syedna Taher Saifuddin vs State of Bombay 1962 AIR 853
What constitutes ‘religion’ and ‘religious denomination’

 S.P. Mittal vs Union of India 1983 SCC (1) 51

 The Commissioner Hindu Religious Endowments Madras vs Sri Lakshmindra Thirtha
Swamiar 1954 SCR 1005

Art. 26 Managing Religious Affairs

 Sri Venkataramana Devaruand vs The State of Mysore 1958 SCR 895 (Relationship
between Art. 25 (2)(b) and Art. 26(b) )
 Mahant Sri Jagannath Ramanuj Das vs The State of Orissa & Another 1954 SCR
1046

Cultural And Educational Rights of Minorities (Art. 29(1), (2), Art. 30(1),(2))
Parameters for determining minority status under Article 30(1), cases discussed in class:

 Re Kerela Education Bill Case (1959) 1 SCR 995

 D.A.V. College Jullundhar vs State of Punjab & Ors. 1971 SCR 88
 T.M.A. Pai Foundation & Ors. vs State of Karnataka & Ors. 1995 SCC (5) 220

Interpretation of “right of religious or linguistic minorities to establish and administer

educational institutions” of their choice

 The Ahemdabad St. Xaviers College Society And Another vs State of Gujarat&
Another (1974) 1 SCC 717
 St. Stephens College vs University of Delhi (1992) 1 SCR 995
 T.M.A. Pai Foundation & Ors. vs State of Karnataka & Ors. (2002) 8 SCC 481
 P.A. Inamdar vs State of Maharashtra (2005) 6 SCC 537
 Islamic Academy of Education vs State of Karnataka (2003) 6 SCC 697
 Ashok Kumar Thakur vs Union of India 2008 (6) SCC 1
 Society for Unaided Private Schools of Rajasthan vs U.O.I 2012 (6) SCC
 Pramati Educational and Cultural Trust & Ors. vs U.O.I & Ors.

Relationship between Directive Principles of State Policy And Fundamental

Rights
Cases discussed in class:

 State of Madras vs Champakam Dorairajan 1951 SCR 525

 Muir Mills Co. Ltd. vs Suti Mills Mazdoor Union, Kanpur 1955 SCR (1) 991
 Jaswant Kaur vs State of Bombay AIR 1952 Bombay 461
 Mohd. Hanif Qureshi vs State of Bihar AIR 1952 Bombay 461
 Re Kerela Education Bill Case 1959 1 SCR 995
  Golak Nath vs State of Punjab AIR 1967 SC 1643
 Chandra Bhawan Boarding & Lodging vs State of Mysore
 Keshavananda Bharti vs State of Kerela (1973) 4 SCC 225
 Minerva Mills vs Union of India (1980) 3 SCC 625
 Randhir Singh vs U.O.I (1982) 1 SCC 618
 M.H. Hoskot vs State of Maharashtra (1978) 3 SCC 544
 Unni Krishnan & Ors. vs State of Andhra Pradesh & Ors. 1993 SCR (1) 594

Amendment of constitutional provisions under Article 368

Cases discussed in class:

 Shankari Prasad Deo Singh vs Union of India AIR 1951 SC 455

 Sajjan Singh vs State of Rajasthan 1964 SCR (4) 630
 I.C. Golaknath vs State of Punjab 1967 SCR (2) 762
 Kesavananda Bharti vs State of Kerela AIR 1973 SC 1461
 Indra Nehru Gandhi vs Raj Narain AIR 1975 SC 2299
 Minerva Mills vs Union of India AIR 1980 SC 1789
 Waman Rao vs Union of India (1981) 2 SCC 362
 S.R. Bommai vs Union of India 1994 (2) SCR 644
 I.R. Coelho vs State of Tamil Nadu 2007 (2) SCC 1
 M. Nagaraj & Ors. vs U.O.I & Ors. AIR 2007 SC 71