General Science

Worksheets
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 Contents
Universe Contents:
1. Universe Facts
2. What is Inside the Universe - Galaxies
3. Universal Records
4. What is Inside the Universe - Stars
5. Star Families
6. What is Inside the Universe - Planets
7. Solar System Family
8. Reaching Space

Animals Contents:
1. Animal Facts
2. Largest Animals
3. Small Animals on Earth
4. Endangered Species
5. Carnivores
6. Herbivores
Minerals Contents:
1. Mineral Facts
2. Common Minerals on Earth
3. Expensive Minerals
4. Uses of Minerals
5. Reflection
6. Art Attack
7. Mineral Products

Continents Contents:
1. Continent Facts
2. Seven Giants
3. Quick Quiz
4. According to Costume
5. According to Geography
The Universe
Worksheets
 Contents
1. Universe Facts
2. What is Inside the Universe - Galaxies
3. Universal Records
4. What is Inside the Universe - Stars
5. Star Families
6. What is Inside the Universe - Planets
7. Solar System Family
8. Reaching Space
 Universe Facts

The most popular theory of our universe's origin centers on a

cosmic cataclysm, unmatched in all of history - the Big Bang.
This theory was born from the observation that other
galaxies are moving away from our own at great speed, in all
directions, as if they had all been propelled by an ancient
explosive force.

● According to research, the universe is approximately 13.8 billion

years old. But how did scientists determine how many candles to
put on the universe's birthday cake? They can determine the age of
the universe using two different methods: by studying the oldest
objects within the universe and by measuring how fast it is
expanding.
● The universe we live in is not flat and unchanging, but constantly
expanding. If the expansion rate is known, scientists can work
backwards to determine the universe's age, much like police
officers can unravel the initial conditions that resulted in a traffic
accident. When finding the expansion rate of the universe, a
number known as the Hubble constant is key.
 Universe Facts
● A Belgian priest named Georges Lemaître first suggested the Big
Bang theory in the 1920s when he theorized that the universe began
from a single primordial atom. The idea subsequently received major
boosts by Edwin Hubble's observations that galaxies are speeding away
from us in all directions.
● After the Big Bang, there was antimatter - the mirror image of
matter. Antimatter and matter destroyed each other when they met.
Matter just won, but the Universe was left almost empty.
● The Hubble Telescope enables us to look towards very distant objects
in the universe. Created using images from the telescope between
2003 and 2004, the incredible picture displays a tiny patch of the sky
in immense detail; it contains 10,000 objects, most of them young
galaxies, and acts as a portal back in time.
● Ever wondered how the pull of gravity is calculated between heavenly
bodies? It's simple: just multiply their masses together, and then
divide the total by the square of the distance between them.
● The Universe may not have a centre nor an edge. According to
Einstein s theory of relativity, gravity bends all of space and time
around into an endless curve.
● The future of the Universe may depend on how much dark matter
there is. If there is too much, its gravity will eventually stop the
Universe s expansion and make it shrink again.
● The Milky Way galaxy that we live in is one galaxy out of the billions
in space.
● The Milky Way galaxy is whirling rapidly, spinning our sun and all its
other stars at around 100 million km per hour.
 What is Inside the Universe?
STARS
Stars are cosmic energy engines that produce heat,
light, ultraviolet rays, x-rays, and other forms of
radiation. They are composed largely of gas and
plasma, a superheated state of matter composed of
subatomic particles.
Though the most familiar star - our own sun -
stands alone, about three of every four stars exist No one knows how many stars exist,
but the number would be staggering.
as part of a binary system containing two mutually Our universe likely contains more
orbiting stars. than billion galaxies, and each of
those galaxies may have more than
billion stars.

UNIVERSAL RECORDS RESEARCH TIME! Complete the information below.

The Biggest Star: UY SCUTI

Date discovered: __________________________
Approximate Size: _________________________
Type of Star: ____________________________
Location: _______________________________

The Oldest Star: HE 1523 - 0901

Date discovered: __________________________
Approximate Age: _________________________
Type of Star: ____________________________
Location: _______________________________

The Hottest Star: Eta Carinae

Date discovered: __________________________
Approximate Temperature: ___________________
Type of Star: ____________________________
Location: _______________________________

http://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/universe/stars/
 What is Inside the Universe?
Galaxies
A galaxy is a massive group of stars, star clusters, interstellar gas
and dust, and dark matter which is all gravitationally bound
together.
There are potentially more than 170 billion galaxies in the
observable universe. Some, called dwarf galaxies, are very small
with about 10 million stars, while others are huge containing an
estimated 100 trillion stars.
Our Milky Way Galaxy is part of a 'Local Group' of galaxies in which
the galaxies move relative to each other. The Andromeda Galaxy is
the largest galaxy of the Local Group, followed by the Milky Way and
the Triangulum Galaxy. There are around 30 other smaller galaxies
in the group.

STAR FAMILIES MATCHING ACTIVITY. Match the galaxy that is described in each number.

1. ___ The Largest galaxy in the known

Universe.
2. ___ The galaxy where the Solar System A. EGS8p7
belongs. B. Milkyway Galaxy
3. ___ The Smallest galaxy with a C. GN-z11
supermassive black hole. D. PGC 83677
4. ___ The nearest galaxy to ours. E. Andromeda Galaxy
5. ___ A massive body in the middle of every F. IC - 1101
galaxy. G. Black hole.
6. ___ It is known to be the oldest galaxy in H. M60 - UCD1
the universe.
7. ___ It is the most distant astronomical
galaxy known.
8. ___ It is a lenticular galaxy.

http://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/universe/stars/
UNIVERSAL RECORDS RESEARCH TIME! Complete the information below.

The Biggest Star: UY SCUTI

Date discovered: __________________________
Approximate Size: _________________________
Type of Star: ____________________________
Location: _______________________________

The Oldest Star: HE 1523 - 0901

Date discovered: __________________________
Approximate Age: _________________________
Type of Star: ____________________________
Location: _______________________________

The Hottest Star: Eta Carinae

Date discovered: __________________________
Approximate Temperature: ___________________
Type of Star: ____________________________
Location: _______________________________

STAR FAMILIES MATCHING ACTIVITY. Match the galaxy that is described in each number.

1. _H_ The Largest galaxy in the known

Universe.
2. _B_ The galaxy where the Solar System A. EGS8p7
belongs. B. Milkyway Galaxy
3. _F_ The Smallest galaxy with a C. GN-z11
supermassive black hole. D. PGC 83677
4. _E_ The nearest galaxy to ours. E. Andromeda Galaxy
5. _G_ A massive body in the middle of every F. IC - 1101
galaxy. G. Black hole.
6. _A_ It is known to be the oldest galaxy in H. M60 - UCD1
the universe.
7. _C_ It is the most distant astronomical
galaxy known.
8. _D_ It is a lenticular galaxy.
 What is Inside the Universe?
Planets
The term "planet" originally comes from the Greek word for "wanderer." Many
ancient cultures observed these "moving stars," but it wasn't until the advent of
the telescope in the 1600s that astronomers were able to look at them in more
detail. Small telescopes revealed moons circling Jupiter as well as rings around
Saturn and an ice cap on Mars.
Over time, scientists discovered that there are more planets outside the solar
system. They are called exoplanets. These exoplanets have unique
characteristics. Most of them are hot Jupiters, diamond planets, black planets,
ice planets, rogue planets and many more. It is believed that there are as many
planets as stars in the universe.

SOLAR SYSTEM FAMILY Can you identify the planets of the solar system?
REACHING SPACE Space is dangerous, yet man was able to make machines to enable us see
the beauty the universe beholds. Who are these remarkable people and
what are these machines that serve as our eye in the sky?

The first man in space:

________________________

The first woman in space:

________________________

The first man on the moon:

________________________

The first spacecraft in space:

________________________

The first space station in space:

________________________

The first dog in space:

________________________
REACHING SPACE Space is dangerous, yet man was able to make machines to enable us see
the beauty the universe beholds. Who are these remarkable people and
what are these machines that serve as our eye in the sky?

The first man in space:

YURI GAGARIN

The first woman in space:

Valentina Tereshkova

The first man on the moon:

NEIL ARMSTRONG

The first spacecraft in space:

SPUTNIK 1

The first space station in space:

SALYUT 1

The first dog in space:

LAIKA
 Animals
Worksheets
 Contents
1. Animal Facts
2. Largest Animals
3. Small Animals on Earth
4. Endangered Species
5. Carnivores
6. Herbivores
 Animal Facts

All animals are members of the Kingdom Animalia, also called

Metazoa. This Kingdom does not contain prokaryotes and
protists. All members of Animalia are multicellular, and they are
all heterotrophs (i.e., they rely directly or indirectly on other
organisms for their nourishment). Most ingest food and digest it
in an internal cavity.

● Animal cells lack the rigid cell walls that characterize plant cells.
The bodies of most animals (except sponges) are made up of cells
organized into tissues, each tissue specialized to some degree to
perform specific functions.
● The development of most animals is characterized by distinctive
stages, including a zygote, formed by the product of the first few
divisions of cells following fertilization; a blastula, which is a
hollow ball of cells formed by the developing zygote; and a
gastrula, which is formed when the blastula folds in on itself to
form a double-walled structure with an opening to the outside, the
blastopore.
 Animal Facts
● Most animals are capable of complex and relatively rapid movement
compared to plants and other organisms. Most reproduce sexually, by
means of differentiated eggs and sperm. Most animals are diploid,
meaning that the cells of adults contain two copies of the genetic
material.
● There are many different animal classes and every animal in the
world belongs to one of them. The five most well known classes of
vertebrates (animals with backbones) are mammals, birds, fish,
reptiles, and amphibians. They are all part of the phylum chordata.
● There are also a lot of animals without backbones. These are called
invertebrates and are part of the phylum arthropoda (arthropods).
Two of the most commonly known classes in this phylum are
arachnids (spiders) and insects.
● Humans depend on animals, but not all animals depend on humans.
Animals that depend on humans are usually called pets.
● The natural world contains about 8.7 million species of animals,
according to a new estimate described by scientists as the most
accurate ever. However, the vast majority have not been identified -
and cataloguing them all could take more than 1,000 years.
● Endangered species are those considered to be at risk of extinction,
meaning that there are so few left of their kind that they could
disappear from the planet altogether. Endangered species are
threatened by factors such as habitat loss, hunting, disease and
climate change and, usually, endangered species have a declining
population or a very limited range.
 Largest Animals on Earth
Although man may be responsible for some of the changes that the Earth is
now undergoing, when it comes to physical size, humans are nowhere near being
the largest creatures on the planet. Of course, there are fish, primates, and
other animals that are a lot bigger than humans. What are these animals? Can
you name them?

LARGER ANIMALS CUT AND PASTE. Cut out or print some pictures of animals larger
than humans. Identify what animals they are.
 Smallest Animals on Earth
There are some invertebrates that are not even visible to the human eye:
some mites are known to measure only 200μm (0.0002mm) in length, a
parasitic wasp can be as small as 139μm (0.0001mm) long, and there s a
tiny beetle which is less than 1 mm long. Given the minute size of these
animals, who knows what we have yet to discover!

Leptotyphlops Carlae Sphaerodactylus Ariasae Pygmy Marmoset Monkey

Brookesia Micra Bee Hummingbird Monte Iberia Eleuth

Chameleon

THE TINIEST ANIMAL

Draw in the box the smallest fish in the world. What is it called?

Smallest Fish: ___________________ Approximate Size:___________

 Endangered Animals
Although scientists estimate that there could be upwards of 30 million
animal species on the planet, a number of those species are teetering on
the verge of extinction due to man s thirst for consumption or
entertainment. Hunted for meat, for fur, and for other materials,
governments around the world are cracking down on poaching and illegal
hunting practices.

IN DANGER MATCHING ACTIVITY. Match the pictures with the names.

a Ocelot b Iberian Lynx c Amur Leopard d Arakan Forest Turtle

e Mountain Gorilla f Sumatran Rhinoceros g Philippine Eagle Polar Bear
h Okapi i Wolverine
 Carnivores
A carnivore is an animal or plant that eats the flesh of other animals.
Most, but not all, carnivorous animals are members of the Carnivora order
(also, not all members of the Carnivora order are carnivorous).
Carnivora is an order of mammals that includes canids such as wolves,
dogs; felids (cats); ursids (bears); mustelids (weasels); procyonids
(raccoons); pinnipeds (seals) and others, according to Encyclopedia
Britannica, making up 12 families and 270 species in all. While some
carnivores do eat only meat, some carnivores also supplement their diets
with vegetation on occasion.

I AM A CARNIVORE
Circle the animals that are carnivores.

http://www.livescience.com/ -carnivore.html
 Herbivores
An herbivore is an animal or insect that only eats vegetation, such as grasses,
fruits, leaves, vegetables, roots and bulbs. Herbivores only eat things that need
photosynthesis to live. This excludes insects, spiders, fish and other animals. Some
parasitic plants that feed off of other plants are also considered herbivores.

Herbivores are the transportation system of photosynthetic energy and are called
"primary consumers" in the trophic system, meaning they are the first animals to
eat the producers. But, according to the second law of thermodynamics, not all of
the energy captured by plants will transfer into the herbivores. Although it varies,
only approximately 10% of the energy in plants will enter the primary consumer
trophic level. This is why there are fewer herbivores than plants on Earth. There are
more herbivores on Earth than carnivores for the same reason. Only around 10% of
the herbivore's energy will be used by the carnivore that consumes it.

CUT and PASTE

Draw pictures of herbivore animals and describe them.

http://www.livescience.com/ -herbivores.html
 Omnivores
Omnivores are the most flexible eaters of the animal kingdom. They eat both
plants and meat. When meat is scarce, many animals will fill their diets with
vegetation, and vice versa.
Omnivores help keep in check both animal populations and vegetation growth.
Removing an omnivore species can lead to vegetation overgrowth and an
overabundance of any creatures that were part of its diet.

Omnivores have a different digestive system than carnivores or herbivores.

Carnivores have a very simple digestive tract because meat is easy to digest.
Herbivores, on the other hand, can have very complex digestive systems that
can include multiple stomach chambers and regurgitating food for re-chewing,
because plant materials are much harder to digest.

OMNIVORE ACROSTIC
Can you name some omnivores using each of the letters
below?

O
M
N
I
V
O
R
E
http://www.livescience.com/ 8 -omnivores.html
 Minerals
Worksheets
 Contents
1. Mineral Facts
2. Common Minerals on Earth
3. Expensive Minerals
4. Uses of Minerals
5. Reflection
6. Art Attack
7. Mineral Products
 Mineral Facts

Minerals are the foundation of many industries, ranging from

construction to manufacturing, to agriculture to technology, and even
cosmetics.
● An archaic use of the word "mineral" comes from the Linnaean
taxonomy in which all things can be assigned to the animal,
vegetable, and mineral kingdoms
● The word "mineral" is also used inconsistently in geology. In
mining, anything obtained from the ground and used by man is
considered to be a "mineral commodity" or a "mineral material."
These include: crushed stone, which is a manufactured product
made from crushed rocks; lime, which is a manufactured product
made from limestone or marble; coal which is organic; oil and gas
which are organic fluids; rocks such as granite that are mixtures
of minerals; and rocks such as obsidian which do not have a
definite composition and ordered internal structure.
● There are approximately 4000 different minerals, and each of
those minerals has a unique set of physical properties. These
include: color, streak, hardness, luster, diaphaneity, specific
gravity, cleavage, fracture, magnetism, solubility, and many more.
http://geology.com/minerals/what-is-a-mineral.shtml
 Mineral Facts
● Minerals also occurs naturally, meaning that even though there are
artificial substances that might be described as "mineral-like," they
are not minerals.
● The specific characteristics of minerals can be discussed both in
physical and in chemical terms. From the standpoint of physics, which
is concerned with matter, energy, and the interactions between the
two, minerals would be described as crystalline solids.
● Minerals must be mined from the ground, either by surface,
underground, or drilling methods. Sand and gravel is usually mined in
surface pits or rock is crushed to size. Gold is mined in surface pits,
underground mines, and in streams and rivers.
● Physical properties of minerals include crystal structure, hardness
(Mohs scale), lustre (how it reflects light) and color, as well as more
complicated properties such as streak, fracture, cleavage and density.
● Mohs scale of hardness measures the ability of minerals to scratch
each other. Talc is very soft and is listed as 1, diamond is very hard
and is measured as 10.
● A mineral is sometimes made up of just one chemical element but
more often it is a compound (mixture) of two or more.
● In rock, minerals are normally found as tiny grains. It is harder to
identify minerals in rock than when they are in the form of large
crystals because the grains are often very small and do not have
typical crystal shapes. One method used is to view a thin slice of rock
under a microscope in polarized light.
● Minerals come in the form of crystals. This means that the mineral s
atoms are arranged in a regular way, in neat rows and columns. The
arrangement is not obvious when you look at mineral grains in rocks,
but a free-growing crystal always forms a geometric shape, with flat
faces.
 Common Minerals on Earth
Found extensively on our planet, the International Mineralogical Association
has approved over 4,660 different mineral species. Minerals are
distinguished into various species on the basis of chemical composition and
physical properties, including hardness, lustre, fracture, specific gravity
etc. Since silicon and oxygen are found abundantly on the Earth s crust (in
various forms), silicates top the list of naturally occurring minerals.
MINERALS Can you describe the characteristics of the minerals below?

FELDSPAR QUARTZ OLIVINE

MUSCOVITE BIOTITE CALCITE

EXPENSIVE MINERALS
Can you answer these questions using research?

This is a mineral more valuable than diamonds, what is

it? What are its uses?

What are your country's most abundant minerals?

Cut and paste images of them in the boxes below.

TRUE or FALSE. Draw a smiley if the statement is

true and draw an X if the statement is false.

1. _________ Diamonds are the hardest naturally occurring

substance on Earth.
2. _________ Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the
Universe, but is uncommon on Earth.
3. _________ Petroleum is a mineral.
4. _________ Minerals can be manufactured by your body.
5. _________ You can only get minerals from plant foods.
 Uses of Minerals
Every part of society uses minerals and mineral resources everyday. The
roads we ride or drive on and the buildings we live, learn and work in all
contain minerals. Below is a selected list of commonly used metallic and
nonmetallic minerals, ore minerals, mineral byproducts, aggregates, and
rock types that are used to make products we use in our daily life.

Aluminum
Aluminum is the most abundant metallic element in the
Earth's crust. Bauxite ore is the main source of aluminum.
Aluminum is used in automobiles and airplanes (36%), bottling
and canning industries (25%), building and electrical (14%)
and in other applications (25%).

Asbestos
Asbestos is a class of minerals that can be readily separated
into thin, strong fibers that are flexible, heat resistant, and
chemically inert. Asbestos minerals are used in fireproof
fabrics, yarn, cloth, and paper and paint filler. It is used to
make friction products, cement pipes and sheets, coatings and
compounds, packing and gaskets, roofing and flooring
products, paints and caulking, and chemical filters. It is highly
hazardous to health
Calcium
The primary use of calcium is not in its silvery-white metal
form, but as calcium carbonate. It is used in adhesives and
sealants, cosmetics, foods, paint, paper, pharmaceuticals,
plastics, rubber, for the production of lime, and as crushed
stone in construction. Immense quantities of calcium are
found in sedimentary rock deposits of gypsum, limestone, and
shale.
http://scienceviews.com/geology/minerals.html
 Copper
Copper is used in electric cables and wires, switches,
plumbing; heating, electrical, and roofing materials;
electronic components; industrial machinery and equipment;
transportation; consumer and general products; coins; and
jewelry.

Gold
Gold is used in dentistry and medicine, jewelry and arts,
medallions and coins, and in ingots. It is also used for
scientific and electronic instruments, computer circuitry, as
an electrolyte in the electroplating industry, and in many
applications for the aerospace industry.

Lead
Lead is used in batteries, construction, ammunition, television
tubes, nuclear shielding, ceramics, weights, and tubes or
containers. The United States is the largest producer (mainly
Missouri), consumer, and recycler of lead metal.

Silver
Silver is used in photography, chemistry, electrical and
electronic products (because of its very high conductivity),
fine silverware, electroplated wire, jewelry, coins, and brazing
alloys and solders.
Titanium
Titanium is a metal used mostly in jet engines, airframes, and
space and missile applications. In powdered form, titanium is
used as a white pigment for paints, paper, plastics, rubber, and
other materials.

http://scienceviews.com/geology/minerals.html
REFLECTION
The majority of the minerals found on Earth need to be mined. This
means we are digging deep underground and affecting the
ecosystem aboveground. With this in mind, are you in favor of
mining? Why/why not?

ART ATTACK
In your own artistic way, design a poster that would remind
miners to take care of the environment.
MINERAL PRODUCTS
Which minerals make up each item below?
 Continents
Worksheets
 Contents
1. Continent Facts
2. Seven Giants
3. Quick Quiz
4. According to Costume
5. According to Geography
 Continent Facts

The Earth is composed of 7 continents that make up its land

mass. Some are completely surrounded by water like a giant
island, while others are connected to each other and
separated only by an imaginary line. Some continents have a
lot of countries, while others have only a few.

SEVEN GIANTS
Can you color the territories of the seven continents?
 Continent Facts
ASIA
● Asia is the largest continent. It covers one third of the Earth s surface.
● Asia is not only the biggest continent by land mass, it also has the highest
population. Half of the world s population lives here. The Earth s two most
populous countries, China & India, are a part of this continent.
● It is bordered by the Ural Mountains to the east, the Arctic Ocean to the
north, the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Indian Ocean to the south.
● The highest point in the world is Mount Everest (8,848 m), situated in the
Tibetan region of the Himalayas.
● There are 53 countries in Asia.
● The longest river in Asia and third longest in the World is the Yangtze
(6,211 km), which flows through China.

AFRICA
● Africa is the World s second-largest continent at 30,065,000 km²,
covering approximately 20% of the Earth s land and 6% of the Earth s
surface.
● It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the Indian Ocean to the
west and the Mediterranean Sea to the north. The Red Sea and Suez Canal
lie to the north-east and separate Africa from Asia.
● The longest river in the world, The Nile, measuring 6,695 km, flows north
ending in a delta that empties into the Mediterranean Sea.
● There are 53 countries in Africa.
● The equator passes through the middle of Africa so it receives direct
sunlight throughout the year. The world s hottest place, Ethiopia, is a
country in Africa.
● 95% of the world's diamonds and more than 50% of the world s gold comes
from Africa.

http://www.naturalhistoryonthenet.com/Continents/asia.htm, http://www.naturalhistoryonthenet.com/Continents/africa.htm
http://www.recessanytime.com/science-fun/continent-fun-facts/
 Continent Facts
EUROPE
● It is believed that Europe is named originally after Europa who was a
Phoenician Princess from Greek Mythology. There is also a moon that
circles Jupiter called Europa, and some scientists believe it may host life
as it is covered in ice composed of water.
● Europe is the only continent that does not have any deserts.
● Both World Wars were largely focused in Europe.
● Europe is the world s second-smallest continent at 10,180,000 km²,
covering approximately 6.7% of the Earth s land and 2% of the Earth s
surface.
● It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Arctic Ocean to the
north and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. The Ural mountains in
Russia mark the eastern extreme.

NORTH AMERICA
● North America is the third largest continent in world.
● It covers an area of 24.71 million square kilometers, or 9.54 million
square miles. This means that 16.5% of the Earth s total land area is taken
up by North America alone.
● Despite being the third largest continent in the world, North America only
ranks fourth when it comes to population.
● The word America comes from the name of Italian explorer Amerigo
Vespucci. He was the first person to have realized that the West Indies and
Brazil are actually not connected to Asia (as what most people had
conjectured from the voyages of Columbus), but are part of another
separate landmass of their own.
● Two of the world s largest tectonic plates are in North America. They
collide frequently in California and Alaska and usually cause violent
earthquakes in these areas.
http://www.naturalhistoryonthenet.com/Continents/asia.htm, http://www.naturalhistoryonthenet.com/Continents/africa.htm
http://www.recessanytime.com/science-fun/continent-fun-facts/
 Continent Facts
SOUTH AMERICA
● South America is the world s fourth-largest continent at 17,840,000 km²,
covering approximately 12% of the Earth s land and 3.5% of the Earth s
surface.
● It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to
the west.
● The eastern side of the continent is generally lower than the west which
contains the Andes mountain range.
● The second-longest river in the world, the Amazon (6,400 km), flows
across the top of the continent.
● South America is a very diverse continent in terms of its languages.
Portuguese is one of the main spoken languages, but there are a great
many people that also speak Dutch, French and English too.

AUSTRALASIA
● Australasia, also called Oceania or Australasia/Oceania, is the world s
smallest continent at 8,112,000 km², covering approximately 5.3% of the
Earth s land and 1.5% of the Earth s surface.
● It is situated partly in the Pacific ocean, bordered by the Indian Ocean to
the west and the Southern ocean to the south.
● The highest point is Mount Wilhelm (4509 m) in Papua New Guinea.
● Physiographically, Australasia includes New Zealand, Australia (including
Tasmania), and Melanesia: New Guinea and neighbouring islands north and
east of Australia in the Pacific Ocean.
● Most of Australia is dry. The Eastern, North­Eastern and South­Western
parts of the country come in the way of winds from sea and receive heavy
rainfall.

http://facts.net/south-america/ , http://www.naturalhistoryonthenet.com/Continents/australasia.htm,
http://www.winentrance.com/general_knowledge/geography/australia-continents-countries.html
 Continent Facts
ANTARCTICA
● Antarctica is the world s fifth-largest continent, measuring
approximately 14 million km² and covering approximately 8.9% of the
Earth s land and 2.7% of the Earth s surface.
● It is surrounded by the Southern Ocean and lies almost entirely within the
Antarctic circle.
● 98% of the land area is permanently covered with ice.
● The Eastern side of Antarctica is higher than the West. The highest point
is Vinson Massif measuring 4,897 m.
● The coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth was minus 128.56 degrees
Fahrenheit (minus 89.2 degrees Celsius), registered on July 21, 1983, at
Antarctica's Vostok station.
● The Dry Valleys of Antarctica are the driest place on Earth, with low
humidity and almost no snow or ice cover.

QUICK QUIZ
Do you remember the facts? Answer the following questions.

What are the seven continents of the world according to their sizes?
(from largest to the smallest)

In what continent do you live?

http://www.livescience.com/ 88 -amazing-antarctica-facts.html ,
http://www.naturalhistoryonthenet.com/Continents/antarctica.htm
ACCORDING to COSTUME
Can you identify what continent these ladies belong to? Their
traditional costumes are your hints. Color the heart to match
them with the continents!

AFRICA
ASIA
NORTH AMERICA
SOUTH AMERICA
ANTARCTICA
EUROPE
AUSTRALASIA
ACCORDING to COSTUME
Can you identify what continent these ladies belong to? Their
traditional costumes are your hints. Color the heart to match
them with the continents!

AFRICA
ASIA
NORTH AMERICA
SOUTH AMERICA
ANTARCTICA
EUROPE
AUSTRALASIA
ACCORDING to GEOGRAPHY
Can you identify where these landmarks are? Color the
diamond according to the continent they are found.

Mount Everest Nile River

Victoria Land Uluru, Ayers Rock

Dolomites Mountain Grand Canyon

Range

AFRICA NORTH AMERICA

ASIA SOUTH AMERICA
ANTARCTICA EUROPE
AUSTRALASIA
Angel Falls
ACCORDING to GEOGRAPHY
Can you identify where these landmarks are? Color the
diamond according to the continent they are found.

Mount Everest Nile River

Victoria Land Uluru, Ayers Rock

Dolomites Mountain Grand Canyon

Range

AFRICA NORTH AMERICA

ASIA SOUTH AMERICA
ANTARCTICA EUROPE
AUSTRALASIA
Angel Falls
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