A PROPOSED CONVENTION CENTER FOR ECOTECH

CENTER, DEPED REGIONAL 7 AT SUDLON LAHUG, CEBU

CITY

_______________________________________

A Thesis Proposal

Presented to the Architecture Department,

School of Architecture, Fine Arts and Design

University of San Carlos

Cebu City

_______________________________________

In Partial Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the Degree

BACHELLOR OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE

By:

RAMOS, MICHAEL FRANCIS M.

March 2017
 APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis/dissertation proposal entitled A PROPOSED CONVENTION CENTER FOR

ECOTECH CENTER, DEPED REGIONAL 7 AT SUDLON LAHUG, CEBU CITY submitted by MICHAEL

FRANCIS M. RAMOS for the degree BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE has been

examined and approved for PROPOSAL HEARING.

Thesis Committee

ARCHITECT MARC CHRISTIAN RUZ

Adviser

___________________ ___________________
Member Member

___________________ ___________________
Member Member
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter

1 INTRODUCTION
Rationale of the Study
THE PROBLEM
Statement of the Problem
Object of the Study
Statement of Assumptions
Statement of Hypothesis
Significance of the Study
Scope & Limitations
DEFINITION OF TERMS
ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY

2 THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
Review of Related Literature
Theoretical Framework
Conceptual Framework

3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Environment
Research Respondents
Research Instruments
Research Procedures
Gathering of Data
Treatment of Data

4 PRESENTATION OF DATA
Client
Desired Behavior
User
Function Criteria
Site

5 ANALYSIS OF DATA
Space Program
Space Relationship Diagram
Site Analysis
Development of Design Concept
6 SOLUTIONS
Design Development
Final Presentation
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Rationale of the Study

It has been five years since the implementation of the K to 12 program. Within this span
of time, DepEd-Central Visayas have proposed a P18-B budget to fund the agency’s education
programs, activities and projects in the region. DepEd have allocated a bulk of P11.866 billion,
for the maintenance of basic education facilities. DepEd have built over a hundred thousand
classrooms and has filled 128,105 new teacher positions. In addition, necessary learning
materials have been produced as the new curriculum have been digitized and made accessible
to the public.

As of this year, DepEd has been preparing for the implementation of Senior High School
(SHS) in SY 2016-2017. In this regard, DepEd has issued provisional permits to 1,866 private
schools set to offer Senior High School in 2016. There are 2,199 private schools cleared to offer
Senior High School and over 200 more being processed. More so, DepEd will need to hire
37,000 teachers for Senior High School for 2016 alone. Despite all these, critics are still
unconvinced.

Many of these institutions are yet to begin training their teachers despite being ten
months close to the nationwide rollout of SHS. Aside from the time element, there also seems
to be a lack of facilities to accommodate such trainings. UNESCO, in a policy paper published on
October 5 in time for 2014 World Teachers’ Day (WTD) celebration, said that “chronic lack of
trained teachers” remains a challenge in achieving the Education For All (EFA) goals and
“without action, it will be impossible to get all children into school by 2030.”

DepEd Regional 7 ECOTECH center have been in service for more than 33 years as a
venue for events, seminars, workshops, and assemblies. It was created in 1978 as an inter-
agency project between and among the Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports (MECS) and
the Ministry of Human Settlements (MHS). After the 1988 EDSA revolution, the facility was later
assigned to the Department of Education (DepEd).

Currently ECOTECH Center functions as the primary choice of the Government as a

venue for human resource training and other government events and activities. It is also open
to the private sector to hold events, parties, team buildings and other events. Through the
years, ECOTECH Center have undergone several modifications and additions to its facility and
infrastructures in order to keep up with the growing demand for its facilities. There have been
several turn downs of bookings and events just because ECOTECH Center simply cannot keep
up with the demand. The management of ECOTECH center decided that they wanted to
improve its services by having a facility that has a bigger venue and that could function for big
events.
 THE PROBLEM

1.2 Statement of the Problem:

The main problem of the study is to come up with an Architectural Design solution for
the proposed Convention Center for ECOTECH Center, DepEd Regional 7 at Sudlon Lahug, Cebu
City.
 What are the current issues of the existing facilities that greatly influence the
need for a new facility?
 What design principles are needed in order come up with the best design
solution?
 What are the goals and values of the organization and how these can be
incorporated in the planning and design of the facility?
 What are the necessary space requirements needed to improve the quality of
service of its facilities?

1.3 Objectives of the Study

To design a well-planned Convention Center that

 General Objectives:
o To design a well-planned Convention Center that has amenities that are
distinctively unique, convenient, and with ease of access by the participants,
organizers and the general public.
o To efficiently plan and design a Convention Center that would meet with the
current needs of its users.
o To design a facility that harmonizes with the site’s existing structures and its
natural environment.
o The design of the structure must strongly relate to the values and goals of the
client and the organization.
  Sub-problems or specific objectives
o To plan for the provision of efficient circulation areas, drainage, waste disposal
system, parking and the required utilities and facilities within the site.
o To plan a facility that promotes flexibility, accessibility, and safety.

1.4 Statement of the Assumptions

 ECOTECH Center has been in service for more than 33 years now and most of its existing
structures have already undergone several modifications and renovations. According to
its director, most of its big events they get are from the National Government wherein
the number of participants can go up to 800-1200 persons. Its existing Pavilion Hall can
only accommodate to 300-800 persons and there are some instances where there is a
spill out of participants outside the Pavilion Hall.

 Getting booked at ECOTECH Center proves to be a challenge because most of the time
its function rooms and Pavilion Hall are either booked in advance or booked for a long
period of time. ECOTECH Center has experienced several turn downs for bookings for
bigger events because of the insufficient number of function rooms and limited space
for its banquet halls.

 There is a need to provide a Convention Center that incorporates the efficient use of
space and has the capacity and capability of providing better and quality service that the
ECOTECH envisions.
1.5 Significance of the Study

The study would prove to be most beneficial to ECOTECH Center, DepEd Regional 7. The
proposed Convention Center would help improve the Center’s capability to offer a distinctly
unique venue by providing quality service and modern amenities. The study would help
improve the image of
As the local government’s primary choice of venue,.The study is also significant to the
following:
 Government Agencies – ECOTECH Center will be the primary choice of venue for
seminars, workshops, and other events of different Government Agencies.
 Department of Education-Central Visayas – the development of a new facility will help
DepEd Region 7
 General Public - w

1.6 Scope and Limitation

 The study shall focus primarily on the architectural aspect on planning and designing a
Convention Center. Thus, the final output of the proposal will include architectural
drawings, perspectives, schematic diagrams of the utilities and applicable and necessary
details.
 The study is limited only to the conceptual market analysis and projections. While
detailed economic feasibility, financial, legal aspects of the study and other factors such
as structural computations, plumbing details, electrical, etc. are beyond our scope.
 The study’s limitation also includes the size and location of the lot which is provided for
by the ECOTECH Management.
 CHAPTER 2

2.1 Review of Related Literature

STEVEN HOLL: A TRANSLATION OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL PHILOSOPHY INTO THE REALM OF

ARCHITECTURE

BY DERYA YOURGANCIOGLU

Anchoring In 1989, Holl published a manifesto called Anchoring as an architectural

thesis whose departure point was “the particularity of situation.”81 Holl states that, site and
situation offer a particular field of research for each design, which provides him resisting not
only homogenous building practices, but also the replication of context.

In using the term “anchoring”, a particular relation between building and the site it is
located in is made manifest. Not to speculate on his use of this particular term, it will be
appropriate to introduce the dictionary meaning of the word:
“1. To place at anchor, to secure by an anchor.
2. To fix or fasten; to fix in a stable condition.”82

While “anchor” is defined as the instrument that serves for the act of fixation,
“anchoring” designates the act of fixation or the state of being fixed, which is often related with
navigation. The anchoring of a ship means the way it is fixed to particular co-ordinates. Holl, on
the other hand, uses the term as a metaphor indicating the fixation of a building onto a
particular site. The physical relation between the site and the building is raised into a deeper
and more intensive level. Rather than merely a physical settling down, anchoring designates a
particular condition through which a building is rooted or connected into its site.
 The term “anchoring” is used as a philosophical metaphor. As it is emphasized before,
in proposing that idea intertwine with phenomena, Holl insists on a fusion between the
intellectual level of idea with the experiential level of phenomena. Anchoring can be described,
indeed, on the basis of this intertwined relation. While the abstract and non- determinate
nature of idea manifests a floating nature, anchoring becomes the fixation of the floating
object, which is idea, into the realm of phenomena. In other words, idea anchors into
phenomena.

The manifesto of “anchoring” designates a re-conceptualization of site in the realm of

architecture. The way in which the relation of the building to the site is re-conceptualized in
Steven Holl’s architecture will be examined in the following section.

Building, Site and Situation

In his book Intertwining, Holl mentions three main “forces” of architecture, which he
denotes as the “idea-force”, “phenomenal properties” and “site-force”.83 Among these three
forces that generate his approach to architecture, the primacy of “site-force” can better be
understood through the way architectural work anchors into the site and situation.

For Holl, architectural practice involves the responsibility of focusing on the site in
architectural design. Thus, the site can be considered as offering a system of references that
the architect re-interprets within the conception of architectural work. In his article
“Modernizm’in Yerellikle Uzlaşma Arayışı. Holl” (Modernism’s Search for Compromising with
Locality: Holl.) Abdi Güzer, architect, points out how Holl integrates the site in his architectural
conception and states that the site is the ground not only of building, but also of design
concepts; in other words, for Holl site “is the ground on which both building and idea should be
based on.”84 Accordingly, the site is a fundamental reference generating Holl’s architectural
design. “We are always given a new site and situation,” states Holl, “and we have to operate
according to the conditions there.” 85
 The basic dimension of the relation between building and site is the inevitable physical
connection between them. It is on the site that a building, as a physical reality, is constructed.
Therefore, the building and the site are physically and functionally linked to each other since
the building is permanently localized on the site. In his article “The Murmur of the Site” Rafael
Moneo claims that the site is the “ground” in which a building is rooted; the site, he states,
should be evaluated as the “basic material” of the building.86 . For Moneo, it is on the basis of
this physical link that architecture can be brought into being since “without the presence of the
site, a singular and unique site, architecture cannot exist.”87

Holl defines the uniqueness of each site for a building as presenting a specific situation.
The dictionary definition of ‘situation’ exhibits the reason underlining Holl’s use of the term in
the realm of architecture. Situation is:
“1. Manner in which an object is placed; location, esp. as related to something else;
position; locality site.
2. Position, as regards the conditions and circumstances of the case.
3. Relative position; circumstances; temporary state or relation at a moment of action,
which excites interest.
4. Permanent position or employment; place; office.” 88

Situation is circumstantial or conditional. It comprises specific references and as a

circumstantial case, situation is associated with current conditions making it particular.

For Steven Holl the site that a building is located in is unique. Every building has a
particular site, which has intrinsic qualities, enabling to distinguish it from anywhere else.
Situation designates the particularity of a site, which depends not only on its physical or
topological qualities, but also the history of the site, the cultural references yielded by history,
the meanings ascribed to the site and its memory. In other words, through situation a system of
references for architecture is brought forth.
(Steven Holl)
ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMMING AND PREDESIGN MANAGER

BY: ROBERT HERSHBERGER, PH.D., FAIA

Architecture responds to and expresses important human values. There are three
significant enduring values of architecture- Survival, Good Life and Art. Aside from these three
traditional values, there is an expanded list of eight important value areas

Human, Environmental, Cultural, Technological, Temporal, Economic, Aesthetic, and

Safety which tackle all the important aspects in design.

Exploration of the HECTTEAS list should allow the programmer to develop a

comprehensive understanding of the important design issues for any building project. These
values should be identified and prioritized with respect to their importance for each project.
The potential impact on design decision making of the identified values area is so great that
they can be considered as the primary design issues in architecture. Good buildings respond to
and express the most important values in such ways as to produce true works of art:
Architecture.

(Hershberger, 1999)
2.2 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

HUMAN ISSUES
 Functional
 Social
 Physical
 Psychological DESIGN OF A
CONVENTION CENTER
FOR DEPED REGION 7
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
ECOTECH CENTER
 Site
 Climate
 Context
GATHERING OF  Resources
DATA  Waste

CULTURAL ISSUES
 Institutional
USERS DESIGN FACTORS
 Political
 Legal SPACE PROGRAMMING

SITE AND TEMPORAL ISSUES PROBLEMS AND DESIGN

VICINITY  Growth PURPOSE
 Change
 Permanence
EXISTING SITE CONCEPTS FOR
ECONOMIC ISSUES CONVENTION CENTER
BUILDINGS AND
FACILITIES  Finance
 Construction ANALYSIS OF DATA
 Operations
 Maintenance
EXISTING ZONES  Energy
AND LAND-USE

AESTETHIC ISSUES
 Form
SPACE  Space
REQUIREMENTS  Color
 Meaning

SAFETY ISSUES
 Structural
 Fire
 Chemical
 Personal
 CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT

The research is done within the DepEd ECOTECH Center. ECOTECH Center is
where the Office of the Administration for the said facility is located. The Administrative
office holds all the relevant data needed for the research. ECOTECH Center also have
well-informed personnel who can assist in terms of technical inquiries regarding the
operations of the facility.

3.2 RESEARCH RESPONDENT

OIC- Regional VII Director - conducting an interview with the regional director for Region
VII is relevant to the study for it determines the short-term and long-term goals of the
DEPED Region 7.

ECOTECH Admin. Officer - it is important to interview the administrative officer of the

facility for they are the ones whose work is centered on all the business activities. They
are the ones responsible for maintaining day to day financial, accounting, and
supervision on all the operations of the facility.

Security Guards – these are personnel that are in-charge of keeping the ECOTECH
compound safe and secure. Their key observations are significant for they are the ones
that knows the operations and happenings inside the compound. Their views on
accessibility for vehicles and pedestrian are also important.
 3.3 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS

3.3.1 Interviews
Interviews are usually defined as a conversation with a purpose. They are
helpful when you need information about assumptions or perceptions. It is the
best way to have an accurate and thorough communication between you and
the person whom you’re gathering information from. Interviews with
professionals are done to gather valuable information and expert opinions
related to the study.

3.3.2 Online Sources

These refer to related articles published in the World Wide Web. They
are readily available reference materials accessible upon having internet
connection. These may include new articles that may have relevant data figures
that is relevant to the research.

3.3.3 Books and other Reading Materials

Published Books and reading materials are published references which

contain information related to the study. Theories and Concepts from these
reliable sources may come in the form of text and illustrations will prove useful
in formulating the space programming for the facility.

3.4 RESEARCH PROCEDURES

3.4.1 Gathering of Data

Relevant data is gathered from either within the Research Environment or

through Internet Sources. Respondents from the ECOTECH are going to be interviewed
to acquire data that is relevant to the study. Site visits and Photo documentation are
 made to evaluate and analyze the existing site conditions and its surrounding
environment.
3.4.2 Treatment of Data

After collecting various data, tabulations are done to organize and summarize all
the important findings. Analysis of data is needed to determine key factors that are
important to consider in formulating a comprehensive approach to the problem.
CHAPTER 4
PRESENTATION OF DATA

4.1 THE CLIENT

The DepEd – ECOTECH Center is a non-stock, non-profit organization that

provides facilities for conference/trainings and seminars for both government and
private sectors. It was created in 1978 as an Inter-agency project between the Ministry
of Education, Culture, and Sports (MECS) and the Ministry of Human Settlements (MHS)
geared towards agricultural learning, technological dissemination and the extension of
services for the Future Farmers and the Future Agricultural Homemakers of the
Philippines as recipients.

After the 1988 Revolution, the ECOTECH facilities was sequestered from the
Human Settlements Development Corp. (HSDC), divesting the management and was
transferred to DepEd, formerly the Department of Education, Culture, and Sports in
1989.
 In August 9, 1989, a Deed of Assignment and Contract between Strategic
Investment and Development Corporation (SIDCOR) as the ASSIGNOR and the
Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) as the ASSIGNEE, with an
agreement from the ASSIGNOR to hereby ASSIGN, TRANSFER and CONVEY to DECS to
purchase the rights, participation and interests of the property.

The ECOTECH Center is in existence for the past thirty-three (33) years mostly
serving as conference and seminar venues for public and private groups, sustaining a
large area for human resource training center (45,000 DepEd recipients) and an
experimental farm keeping the initial vision/mission of MECS and MHS of extending
agricultural research and education.

ECOTECH Center is located approximately 5 kilometers away from the heart of

Cebu City. The Center sprawls within a 4-hectare compound. Different landscaping is
planted with various kinds of trees and flowering plants that is best suited to its terrain.

It is composed separately of 12 buildings namely: Dormitory 1 and 2, Dormtel

Building, Dining Hall 1 and 2, Conference/Workshop Rooms (Clusters), Warehouse 1 and
2, Pavilion Hall, Executive Guest House, Gift Shop, New Dining Hall and Guard House.
There are five (5) large conference rooms, each within a capacity of 60-120 participants
and three (3) medium sized rooms that can accommodate from 50-60 participants and
four (4) small sized rooms that can accommodate 5-30 participants. The Executive
Conference Hall can accommodate 150-250 participants. The pavilion Hall has a seating
capacity of 800- 1,000 people.

The Dormitory has 19 standard rooms that can accommodate 20 lodgers per
room, 11 staff rooms with a capacity of 4-6 lodgers per room and 14 executive rooms
that can accommodate 2-3 lodgers per room. All rooms are provided with their own
toilet and bath facilities. The Center has its own water source and a standby generator
 set to respond to occasional brownout. All rooms and facilities are air-conditioned. The
lights and water are continuously provided.

4.1.1 ECOTECH CENTER VISION STATEMENT

A premier Center for HRD interventions for personnel of DEPED and other Government
and Non-government institutions and a choice venue for social, cultural, and value formation
events for the general public in a serene and wholesome natural environment..

4.1.2 ECOTECH CENTER MISSION STATEMENT

Provide courteous, honest and efficient quality service to all clients and stakeholders.

4.1.3 GOALS
 Clean and homelike accommodation of participants and guests;
 Efficient, effective, honest and courteous employees;
 Nutritious, delicious, clean and affordable food service;
 State of the art and well-maintained information technology, kitchen and other
equipment;
 Clean and well-manicured lawns and garden for a refreshing Natural Environment;
 Showcase organic Farming Technologies.
4.1.4 ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

DEPED ECOTECH CENTER

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

DR. JULIET A. JERUTA

Director III/ Chairman of the Board
Office of the Regional Director

DR. ARDEN D. MONISIT DR. RHEA MAR A. ANGTUD MR. ANIANO T. BAUTISTA DR. OSCAR S. ROMANILLOS
Board Member / Board Member / Board Member / Board Member /
SDS, DepEd SDS, DepEd Chief Administrative Officer, President, CPSTA
Cebu Prov. Div Cebu City Div. DepEd RO-7

VIOLETA A. DELA PENA

Administrative Officer

GENERAL FOOD SERVICE ADMINISTRATIVE FINANCIAL MGT. BILLING SECTION LANDSCAPING

MAINTENANCE SECTION SECTION SECTION SECTION
SECTION

IAN M. CONNIE G. VIOLETA A. DELA JOSEFINA O. ROSELLE S. RODRIGO B.

SANTARIN GOMEZ PENA FORTUNA AGUILAR POJAS
Project Engineer/ Nutritionist / Administrative Cashier / Dormitory Mgr. / Utility Worker/
Section Head Section Head Officer/ Section Section Head Section Head Section Head
Head
 Desired Behavior
4.1.5 Client’s Preference

With its geographical advantage, Cebu has been considered the best venue for regional,
national, and international Conventions. ECOTECH Center have been in service for 33 years, has
been the primary choice of the Government as a venue for human resource training and other
government events and activities. Its management has foreseen the opportunity to improve the
quality of service through the proposed Convention Center. The facility will help achieve what
the management has envisioned for growth in the organization. The Client’s preference is
highly taken into consideration in designing the proposed Convention Center. These are the
following:

 The Convention Center should be located within the compound of the ECOTECH
Center.
 The facility should incorporate the principles of Tropical Design.
 The design of the facility should harmonize with the site environment and its
surrounding existing structures.
 The design should maximize the site’s scenic views of its surrounding
environment.
 The facility should be easy for the elderly, children, and PWDs.
 The design of the facility should embody with the values and goals of the
organization.
4.2 USERS

The users for the proposed ECOTECH Convention Center are determined in order for the
researcher to better understand their needs to determine suitable space requirements needed
to facilitate its users’ needs. Knowledge on the users’ activities and functions will help identify
these requirements.

4.2.1 PRIMARY USER

These are composed of people who run the programs, security, and maintain the
facility.
A. Administrative Section
 Administrative Officer – responsible for managing and executing
administrative activities associated with the operations of the facility.
 Administrative Support Unit – provide assistance through clerical
work related to the operations of the facility.
 Receptionists – its role is to entertain tenants, attendees,
participants, and anyone who enters the facility. Provides general
information on the different areas of the facility.
B. Financial Management Section
 Finance Manager – main role is to plan and manage all financial
outputs relating to the facility.
 Cashiers and Accounting Staff – the accountant is responsible for
providing input through general accounting, financial and funding
reports, year-end reports and annual auditing.
C. Marketing Section
 Marketing Manager – responsible for developing and implementing
long- and short-term marketing strategies for the facility
 Public Relation Officer- main role is to coordinate with the marketing
manager in promoting the facility. Helps organize events, exhibitions.
 D. Operations Section
 Information Desk – welcomes guests into the facility. Helps answer
questions about the facility and its personnel.
 Security Manager – oversees the implementation of the safety and
security procedures of the facility.
 Security Guards – helps maintain peace and order within the facility
and its surrounding area.
E. General Maintenance Section
 Property Administrator – in charge of maintaining and managing the
different utilities of the facility.
 Technical Staff – in charge of preparing plans for the next users of its
facility for easy setup of technical systems.
 Sanitary Head – in charge of waste management of the facility.
 Gardener – responsible for keeping the landscape and its surrounding
presentable.
F. Food Service Section
 Food Preparation
 Purchasing Unit
 Catering/Table Service Unit

4.2.2 SECONDARY USER

Government Sector
 ECOTECH Center is primarily geared to function as a venue for human
resource training for DepEd. It also functions to different government
agencies and Local Government units serves as a venue for their seminars,
trainings, workshops, and even Christmas Parties.
Private Sector
 ECOTECH Center have also been known for being a venue for private
conventions for different groups and individuals:
 a) Families – the center have been popular to the public as venues for
birthday parties, debutante’s party, Christmas party, and etc.
b) Religious Institutions – some religious institutions have booked the
center for baptisms, praise and worship gatherings.
c) Schools – since most of the compound is surrounded by rich landscape,
field trips are regular occurrences with the facility. Graduations are also
held at the facility.
d) Corporations- seminars, trainings, team building, workshops and other
company conventions are held at the facility.

4.2.3 USERS FLOW DIAGRAM

I. General Public/ Visitors

Drop-off other Passengers at the Use auxiliary spaces and visit the
Entrance and then parks their Coffee Shop
vehicle at the Parking Area

Goes to the entrance to be picked

Enter the Facility up or proceeds to the parking area
to retrieve vehicle

Asks information from the

Reception desk and then proceeds Leaves Facility
to the venue area

Visit the exhibits or gallery area

II. Participants/ Attendees

Drop-off other Passengers at the Takes their lunch or dinner inside

Entrance and then parks their the venue
vehicle at the Parking Area

Receives giveaways or souvenirs

Enter the Facility
and then leaves the function

Asks information from the

Reception desk and then proceeds Goes to the entrance to be picked
to the venue area up or proceeds to the parking area
to retrieve vehicle

Register themselves and receive

event kits. Leaves Facility

Visit the exhibits or have cocktails

at the gallery area

Enters the Function room or

Banquet hall

During the event, participants can

go out for refreshments or take a
break.
III. Organizing crew/ Event planner

Drop-off other Passengers at the Takes their lunch break

Entrance and then parks their
vehicle at the Parking Area

Manage the event

Enter the Facility

Proceeds to Conference room and Egress

briefs and assigns tasks and duty
assignments to different
committees.
Retrieve display items and other
accessories used during the event
Prepares the venue’s registration
area, exhibit area, and technical
systems

Ingress Check-out

Prepares signage, display items,

and souvenir kits Leaves Facility
IV. Tenants

Park their vehicle at the Parking Meets with the organizing crew
Area and the facilities’ maintenance
and technical staff at the
conference room

Enter the Facility

Ingress

Proceeds to Administration office

for inquiries on available venues Set-up and preparation of the
and other offered services venue

Egress

Inspects the different venue

options Leave Facility

V. Administration Office
a) Administration Head

Park their vehicle at Enters Administration Head

the Parking Area office and checks the day-
to-day activities.

Enter the Facility Time-out

Meets with clients and its
administrative staff at the
Proceeds to
conference room
Administration Leave facility
Office
Takes lunch breaks and
Time-In snack time at the pantry.
 b) Administration Staff

Park their vehicle at Does some clerical work,

the Parking Area collect payment, audit, and
etc.

Enter the Facility Time-out

Meets with administration
Head
Proceeds to
Administration Leave facility
Office
Takes lunch breaks and
Time-In snack time at the pantry.

VI. Maintenance Head

Enters through the Briefs maintenance staff on

Back of the House individual tasks and duty
or employee’s assignments
entrance

Proceeds to inspect the

Proceeds to
different areas of the
employees’ locker
facility
room and change
into work clothes Takes lunch breaks and
snack time at the pantry.
Time-in

Time-out

Enter Maintenance
office Leave facility
VII. Catering

Parks delivery truck Gets tasks and duty

on service zone/ assignment from Catering
loads and unloads Head
supplies and goods.

Enters through the Proceeds to their area of

Back of the House responsibility
or employee’s
entrance

Proceeds to Deliver and serve food at

Receiving/ Holding functions.
area

Retrieve and return

Enters employees’
utensil to the main
locker room
kitchen

Deposits personal Time-out

belongings and
change to proper
uniform Leave facility.
VIII. Technical Head

Park their vehicle at Enters Administration Head

the Parking Area office and checks the day-
to-day activities.

Enter the Facility Time-out

Meets with clients and its
administrative staff at the
Proceeds to
conference room
Administration Leave facility
Office
Takes lunch breaks and
Time-In snack time at the pantry.

IX. Technical Staff

Enters through the Proceed to duties.

Back of House or Setup technical systems
Employees’ entrance during functions and
events

Proceeds to
employees’ locker Enters employees’
room and change into locker room to change
work clothes back to regular clothes

Time-in Time-out

Enter Office Leave facility

X. Security Staff

Enters through the Get duty assignments

Back of House or
Employees’ entrance
Proceed to duties.
Secure the facility by
patrolling the area and
Proceeds to
monitoring CCTV.
employees’ locker
room and change into
work clothes Enters employees’
locker room to change
back to regular clothes

Time-in Time-out

Enter Security Office Leave facility

 RELATED BUILDING LAWS

To effectively design a functional building, there are certain guidelines from laws that must
be followed. The following are guidelines used in the design of the facility which addresses the
needs of the users in regards to safety and efficiency:

 PD1096 National Building Code of the Philippines

 Sanitation Code of the Philippines
 Fire Code of the Philippines
 BP 344 – Law to enhance mobility of disabled persons

______________________________________________________________________________

PD1096 National Building Code of the Philippines

RULE VII “ CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF BUILDINGS BY USE OR

OCCUPANCY

GROUP H “ ASSEMBLY FOR LESS THAN 1,000 (CULTURAL AND/OR RECREATIONAL)

Division H-1 (Recreational, which are assembly buildings with stage and having an occupant
load of less than 1,000.

1. Safety Guidelines
 The materials used in the construction of the facility must be compliant with the
building standards.
 Means of egress are the following: doors that lead to the outside of the facility,
fire stairs and ramps.
 The fire escapes should be unobstructed and must have a clear path of travel
which will lead users to safety.

2. Light and Ventilation

Sections 801of the National Building Code summarize the general requirements
for Light and Ventilation. Section 801 states that every building shall be
designed, constructed and equipped to provide adequate light and ventilation,
 all buildings shall face a street, public alley or a private street which have duly
been approved.
First Storey 2.70 Meters
Second Storey 2.40 Meters
Succeeding Stories Not Less than 2.10 Meters above
finished floor level
Above State rooms with natural Not less than 2.7 Meters
ventilation
Mezzanine Floors Not less than 1.80 Meters

3. Water Supply
The water supply provided by MCWD here in Cebu is potable, safe for drinking
and for other uses. This supply of water shall be brought to the facility which will
comply with the requirements issued by the Department of Health. The main
lines of water supply can be accessed from the main road and shall be brought
into the facility free from cross connections.

4. Sanitation
Sanitation through the means of potable water supply, proper waste
management, maintenance, and the use of landscaping to help purify the air
within the vicinity can assure a clean and healthy environment.

5. Maintenance
The maintenance and utility team does the maintenance of the facility. Regular
maintenance of the facility ensures maximum efficiency and output of the
facility. The lack of regular maintenance results in the decline of the efficiency
and productivity of the facility. Regular maintenance also includes the constant
check-up and repair of utilities, landscape maintenance and building repair.
6. Fire Protection
 All assembly occupancies shall be provided with fire alarm systems with
manual initiation, provided, however that where occupants of the building
exceed 300 persons, the initiation shall be through an automatic detection
system.
 The required fire alarm system shall activate an audible and visible alarm in a
constantly attended receiving station within the building when occupied for
purposes of initiating emergency action.

7. Exits
 At least two exits of the types below, remote from each other shall be
provided for each floor or section of the building.
 Exits of the specified number and width shall be of one or more of the
following types:
o Doors of the swinging type leading directly outside or through a
lobby or passageway leading to the outside of the building.
o Horizontal exits
o Smoke- proof enclosures
o Stairs
o Ramps
 Travel distance: Exits shall be so arranged that the total length of travel from
any point to reach an exit will not exceed forty six (46) meters in any place of
assembly for spaces not protected by approved, supervised sprinkler system
and sixty one (61) meters in areas so protected.
 Every exit or exit access shall be so arranged that no corridor or aisle has a
pocket or dead-end not exceeding nine meters.
 Every assembly occupancy shall be provided with a main exit. The main exit
shall be of sufficient width to accommodate one-half (1/2) of the total
 occupant load, but shall be not less than the total required width of all aisles,
exit passageways and stairways leading thereto, and shall connect to a
stairway or ramp leading to a street.
 Each level of an assembly occupancy shall have access to the main exit and
an addition shall be provided with exits of sufficient width to accommodate
two-thirds (2/3) of the total occupant load served by that level. Such exits
shall open directly to a street or into an exit court, enclosed stairway, outside
stairway, or exit passageway leading to a street. Such exits shall be located as
far apart and as far from the main exits as practicable. Such exits shall be
accessible from a cross aisle or a side aisle

8. Parking
 Parking areas for personnel and staff must be provided that can be easily
accessed from the facility.
 Parking slot requirements for international convention centers will be based
on the standards given for public assembly buildings such as theaters,
cinemas, auditoria etc. 1 parking slot per 50 square meters of spectator’s
area.
 Tourist buses will enter the complex thus parking spaces for these forms of
transportation will be provided as required in the code that there should be 2
parking slots for buses for every theater.
 Standard parking sizes for regular parking slots are 2.4m x 5m while 3.5m x
5m must be provided for PWD parking slots with walkways in front at the
front end of cars for the use of the disabled.
 PWD 1 accessible parking slot for the handicapped per 50 parking slots up to
150 parking slots and an additional slot for every 100 thereafter
 For regular parking slots, slopes must not exceed 2% (1:50), for PWD parking
slots however, must be relatively flat in accordance to BP 344.
 Standard parking size for a PWD parking slot is 3.7m x 5m
9. Corridors
 Corridors are used for people to move from one space to another. They
should not be cramped and must accommodate the flow of people
 Corridors must be well illuminated, provided with emergency lights for cases
that lead to fire exits when the need arises and must be provided with non-
slip materials to prevent accidents.
 The width of any exit access corridor serving 50 or more persons shall not be
less than one hundred twelve centimeters (112 cm)

10. Stairways
 Stairways are important transition spaces from one floor to another. They are
used for access as well as for transitions for exits. It would be better if these
stairways do not inhibit traffic between users during times of egress and
emergency. As such, appropriate widths of staircases must be given and it
would depend on the density of users within the facility.
 Handrails should be installed on all stairs.
11. Ramps
 Ramps have to be considered in the design for the facility. They can be used
for access as well as for delivery of products and equipment. If possible, the
ramp can be designed according to PWD standards of 1:12 for them to have
access (despite including elevators). The width of the ramp would depend on
the density of users in the facility and the site considerations.
 Ramps required for access of exits shall be at least one hundred eighty three
centimeters of clear and unobstructed width.
 Ramps must have a minimum clear width of at least 1.2m. Ramps steeper
than a 1 is to 10 slope shall have their widths increased by 10 percent.
12. Elevators
 Elevators are important transition spaces from one floor to another. Many
users would prefer to access them because using it requires less effort when
travelling from one floor to another. The type, size and number of elevators
would depend on the density of users in the facility.
 Three elevators serving each floor shall be equipped with Fireman’s service.

13. Doors
 The design of doors must be able to accommodate the users in the facility.
There are instances when PWDs (including people who use wheelchairs) visit.
The door swing direction must be taken into account as a factor of safety.
 The door must turn around at 90 degrees; have a width of 0.8 meters
(allotted for PWDs) and a minimum height of 2.1 meters.
 Fire Exit Doors should be equipped with a panic bar and a percentage of wire
glass with a high fire resistance for easy exit. Emergency exit signs with
emergency lighting must be placed on every fire door
 An exit door from assembly occupancy shall not be provided with a latch or
lock unless it is panic hardware.

14. Occupancy loads

 An assembly area of concentrated use without fixed seats such as an
auditorium is 0.65 square meter per person
 An assembly area of a less concentrated use such as a conference room,
dining room, etc. is 1.4 square meters per person
 Standing room or waiting space is 0.28 square meter per person

15. Compartmentation
 Applies to floors 12 meters above grade level served by multi –floor air-
conditioning
 o Areas to be compartmentalized by one hour separation into spaces
not to exceed 270 sq. m
o Sub-division of area may be increased to 1500sq. m provided such
area is completely protected with detectors
o Where total area exceeds 1000 sq. m at least one- fire separation
shall be two hours rated and create areas of refuge
16. Floor Area Ratio

No. of Stories Maximum percentage of Floor Area Ratio (F. A. R)

Buildable area construction
upon

1 70 7.0

3 80 2.4

3 80 3.2

5 80 4.0

6 80 4.5

7 75 5.25

8 75 60

17. PWD Restrooms

 Accessible stalls must have an area of 1.7m x 1.8m

 One movable and one fixed grab bar must be installed
 A turning space of 2.25 sqm. with a minimum dimension of 1.50m shall be
provided for water closet stalls with lateral mounting
  Maximum height of water closets shall be 0.8m high with a recess of 0.6m –
0.7m with a clear depth of 0.5m

SITE

4.3 SITE & VICINITY

DepEd- ECOTECH CENTER is a pocket environment, an ecological “niche” of government
structures amidst a natural setting of woodland and vegetation, with a main access passing
through a road right of way from Doña M.S. Gaisano St., an arterial road from Gorordo Avenue,
which is a major thoroughfare of Barangay Lahug, Cebu City.

Located at the ROTUNDA, the main focus is the Pavilion, with a “pylon” or entrance gate
which can be viewed directly from the access road. The Pavilion is a hexagonal area with a stage
and bleacher seats in the interiors serving as the main convention hall. Located at the wings of
the lobby are the registration area and a holding room.
4.3.1 EXISTING ZONES & LAND USE

The land area is forty seven thousand and two hundred eighty one square meters (47, 281
sq/m) with the following EXISTING zones:

EXISTING ZONES AND SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

A. Zone 1 ( Rotunda )
- Pavilion ( One-Storey )
- Executive Hall, Main Dining and Kitchen ( One-Storey )
- Annex Dining Hall ( Two-Storey )
- Main Dormitory and Administration Building ( Two-Storey )
- Function and Seminar Rooms ( One-Storey )
B. Zone 2 ( Rotunda Fringe Area )
 - Dormitory Building No. 2 ( Dormtel Building )
- Bodega No.1
- Bodega No.2
- NSTIC Staff House
- Guard House
- Employees Dressing and Comfort Rooms
C. Zone 3 ( Techno-Farm )
- Executive Guest House
D. Zone 4 ( Recreation Areas )
- Basketball Court
- Tennis Court
E. Zone 5 ( Woodland Areas )
F. Zone 6 ( Secondary Farm Area )
G. Zone 7 ( Open Areas: roads, yards, covered walks, open court and outdoor terrace )

4.3.2 EXISTING BUILDING AND FACILITIES

The center is composed separately of 12 buildings: Dormitory 1 & 2, Dormtel Building,
Dining Hall 1 & 2, Conference/ Workshop Room (Clusters), Warehouse 1 & 2, Pavilion Hall,
Executive Guest House, Gift Shop, New Dining Hall and Guard House. There are five (5)
Conference rooms, each with a capacity of 60-120 participants per room, three (3) medium
sized rooms that can accommodate from 50-60 participants and four (4) small rooms that can
accommodate 5-30 participants. The Executive Conference Hall can accommodate 150-250
participants. The PAVILION HALL has a maximum seating capacity of 800 pax.
EXISTING BUILDING AND FACILITIES

LEGEND
22) Pavilion 1) Bodega No. 2
23) Main Dining Hall 2) NSTIC Staff House
24) Executive Hall 3) Poultry, Piggery & Biogas Digester
25) Dining Annex 4) Guard House
26) Dormitory Building & Administration 5) Employees Dressing & Comfort
27) Dormtel Room
28) Cluster Seminar Rooms 6) Basketball Court
29) Executive Guest House 7) Tennis Court
30) Dormitory Building No. 2 8) Fishpond
31) Bodega No. 1 9) Woodland
10) Lady of Lourdes Grotto
11) Sr. Sto Nino ChapelPavilion
12) Main Dining Hall

DepEd-ECOTECH Center have undergone several additions, alterations and

modifications with its buildings, infrastructure and site utilities. Expenditures in 2010 were
heavily spent on land development: farm roads, parking area, new accessory structures,
perimeter lighting, landscaping, drainage and utilities. Continuous improvements, repair and
maintenance are largely done. Moreover, accident prone areas and faulty drainage are found
hazardous.
 CHAPTER 5

ANALYSIS OF DATA
5. 1 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
KEY SPACES
5.1.1 Foyers
- Foyers are a large important public space share between all spaces.
These spaces act as the main interface with public and welcoming and
accessible arrangement which encourages social interaction.
- Its main function is to provide a socialising space which can
accommodate live performances and multimedia presentations.
5.1.2 Reception Foyer
- A reception foyer will have a Reception desk and has access to Back-of-
the House Office.
5.1.3 Administration Office
- This is where Operational Activities such as financial planning, record
keeping and billing, personnel, physical distribution and logistics within
an organization are transacted.
- Office Space includes:
 Waiting Area
 Manager’s Office
 Cashier and Accounting Office
 Conference Room
 Storage Room
 Pantry

5.1.4 Employees Facilities

- An area provided for its employees to meet their basic essential needs.
Employees Lounge includes:
  Separate Locker rooms for Male and Female Employees.
 Pantry
 Restrooms
5.1.5 Food and Beverage Department
- This is where the Main Kitchen is located. The main kitchen is where food
production and food preparations are made. This includes an office for
the Food and Beverage manager.
- Main Kitchen includes:
 Food and Beverage Manager’s Office
 Cold and Dry Storage
 Food Preparation Area
 Dishwashing Area
 Cooking Area
 Bread and Pastry Area

5.1.3 Meeting Rooms or Function Rooms

- These are rooms that functions for different social and private activities.
Some Function Rooms can be divided by using partitions or separating
walls.
5.1.4 Banquet Hall
- Banquet Hall is a room designed to accommodate cocktail and banquet
parties. It can host large group conventions, corporate seminars and
workshops, and even formal receptions.
- Banquet Halls are flexible in design in which they can be separated by
partitions or separating walls. Room sizes between halls may also differ.
5.1.5 Registration Organizers Office and Store Room
- A Registration desk and Organisers Office will located near foyer and
function rooms.
 - Organisers’ office should have a small kitchenette which will allow
organisers to prepare coffee, store food and other beverages.
5.1.6 Coffee Shop
- These are ancillary spaces that are provided for to its users.
5.1.7 Toilets
- Sufficient toilets will be situated on each level. Provisions for PWD need
to be taken into consideration.
5.1.8 Mechanical and Equipment Room
- Storage room for maintenance facility and equipment of the Convention
Center.
5.1.9 External Terrace Areas
- The facilities design should seek to consider an External Terrace to
take advantage of the views of its surrounding environment.

5.2 ACCESS AND TRANSPORT

5.2.1 Pedestrian Access

- Appropriate access to the facility from carpark is important. The
Pedestrian access should
5.2.2 Basement Parking
5.2.3 Back of House Access
- Access to the Back of House should be within the foyer or reception.
The space should have access to the loading dock for deliveries and
waste collection.
- This includes a service corridor that leads to the different function
rooms or banquet halls of the convention center.
- Easy access to the service elevator.
5.2.4 General Public Access
 - The public should be able to access the facility through the entry
foyer and through the reception desks. Way finding for events should
be clear and visible.

LOBBY
FOYER
ADMIN. OFFICE
WAITING AREA
BANQUET HALL
FUNCTION ROOMS
MEETING ROOMS
FOOD AND BEVERAGE DEPT.
MAINTENANCE DEPT.
SECURITY OFFICE
EMPLOYEES FACILITY
COFFEE SHOP
4.1 HUMAN VALUES:
Functional Issue
The issues under functional issues are defined by the need to plan and design a
facility that functions for different kinds of users. This includes information on
relative importance of various activities, essential relationships, adjacencies or
proximities of activities, specific sizes and equipment needs, furnishing, and other
materials necessary to support the functional activity.

4.2.1 Social Aspects

Relationships:
a. Tenant – Participants
The tenants know how much space they need, what kind of function rooms they
would use (Plenary, Grand Ball room, Meeting room, Function room, etc.) thus
spaces should be flexible enough to accommodate the tenant’s needs. This leads
to better communication and understanding.

b. Administration, Staff and Maintenance –Participants and Visitors

 Like any other establishment, there is a distinct line between these two groups,
employees, Delegates and General Public. It would be best to provide separate
entrances to properly discern the difference between them.

4.2.2 Physical Aspects

Types of Physical Characteristics:

a. Children
 Need to acknowledge dimensions for children in parts of the facility.
(Restroom urinal and lavatory heights)
 Childproofing of building in terms of safety. (Proper railing heights,
proper door knob heights, protected electrical outlets)

b. Elderly and Handicapped

 Provide suitable openings for doors, proper furnishings and
equipment.
 Adopt PWD standards.
 Implement elderly and PWD policies. (Priority lanes, special seats)

4.2.3 Physiological Aspects

 Proper signage that can be read by all
 Proper lighting and the need to promote natural lighting
 Provide proper sun shade
 Provide non-slip surfaces
 Natural ventilation
 Provide open spaces if possible

4.2.4 Psychological
a. Welcoming, Hospitable, and Expressive Design
The Convention Center should inhibit a sense of welcoming and hospitable
impression to its users. Proper planning and design of areas and spaces should
be planned to be hospitable Change the previous look of the facility to be more
welcoming and hospitable with aesthetics that are expressive of this welcoming
atmosphere. Provide an environment so comfortable yet so distinctive as to
allow users to compare it favorably to other similar facilities.
 b. Interactive and Sociable
Provide an environment with spaces which promote social interaction amongst
delegates and other users in order to encourage networking, learning, exchange
of ideas and improvement in skills.

4.3 Environmental Issues

4.3.1. Site
 The Site is provided by ECOTECH Center. It is located within the ECOTECH Center
Compound in Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City.
 It is surrounded by lush vegetation and different species of trees. The site’s
topography is sloping.

4.3.2 Climate

 The site is located within the Philippines. Given that the Philippines have tropical
climate it is best that Tropical design considerations be included in planning of
the Convention Center.
 Passive cooling and proper sun shading should be considered into the design and
layout of the Structure.

4.3.3 Context

 Traffic
ECOTECH Center can be accessed through Dona M.S. Gaisano St., an arterial road
from Gorordo Avenue, which is a major thoroughfare of Barangay Lahug, Cebu
City.

 Surrounding Buildings
a. Existing ECOTECH Center Facilities
The site is located within ECOTECH Center compound. The center is
composed of 12 existing facilities: Dormitory 1 & 2, Dormtel Building, Dining
Hall 1 & 2, Conference/ Workshop Room (Clusters), Pavilion Hall and Guard
House

4.4 Resources
  Natural Sunlight
It is best to take into consideration the proper use of natural lighting in the
planning and design of the Convention Center. It is beneficial to maximize
natural lighting in order to minimize energy consumption for the said facility.
With a careful analysis of the Solar Path within site, we are able to determine the
best orientation of spaces and of fenestrations.
 Water
Water is supplied by MCWD. Considering the effects of climate change on the
Philippines, it is expected that El Nino season is longer and could cause a
shortage of supply in water. It is practical to provide cistern tanks to help collect
and store rainwater during La Nina season.

 Air
In order to decrease mechanical costs like artificial cooling, it is beneficial that
the spaces be classified or divided into those that would need or not need
artificial cooling. With these spaces defined, the use of natural ventilation can
help in passively cooling areas that are not in need of artificial cooling systems.
Fresh air is also good for the health.

 Views
With the site located within a pocket environment with structures amidst natural
setting of woodland and vegetation, it is best to optimize the views within the
site. This adds value and promotes interest with the users of the facility.

4.5 Waste

 Waste management is important in any structure. With the Convention Center a

high occupancy facility, it is important to plan an efficient system for waste
collection and disposal.
 The location of the waste disposal area should be accessible through the back of
the house and can be easily accessed the maintenance staff. It is practical to
segregate the different kinds of waste to properly dispose or recycle the waste
generated by the facility.
4.6 Cultural Issues

4.6.1. Historical
  To design the Convention Center to embody the goals and values of the
organization. Its aesthetic design should incorporate design elements from its
surrounding environment and existing structures.

4.6.2 Political and Legal

 The planning and design of the convention must comply with the National
Building Code of the Philippines, Fire Code of the Philippines, B.P. 344
(Accessibility Law) and local ordinances.
 It is important to follow these legalities in order to promote the safety, health
and welfare of the users and the public.

4.7 Technological Issues

4.7.1 Materials

 The materials to be used for the facility should be easy to maintain and is readily
available in the market.
 It is important to consider the durability of the materials in terms of site
environment and climate. Materials that can withstand the harsh forces of nature.
 The designer is responsible for researching and choosing the right kind of materials
to be incorporated into the structure. Designer must see to it that the Materials is
not hazardous to its users or may cause injury or harm to the one installing the
material.

4.7.2 Systems

 Structural Systems
The proper layout of the structural system of the structure will determine the
structural integrity of the facility.
 Mechanical and Electrical Systems
- It is important to properly locate escalators and elevators to make it
easier for the maintenance staff to access for repairs and maintenance.
- Electrical Rooms and Pipe chases should be properly located within the
structure.
- Elevator Shafts can help with the structural integrity of the structure.
- Details for the partition walls to be used for the different function rooms
should be included in the plans.
  Audio/Visual and Acoustic Systems
The use and location of these systems with aesthetics can lead to a more
picturesque design.

4.8 Temporal Issues

4.8.1 Growth
 Planning and design of the facility should include the possibility of expansion.

4.8.2 Change

 Give the possibility of relocation if site cannot afford to expand.

4.8.3 Permanence

 Designs for the Convention Center should indicate a high possibility of

permanence due to the location.

4.9 Economic Issues

4.9.1 Construction
 Proper planning of areas and spaces can help determine the efficient use of
space in the facility. With the right set of specifications of materials to be used
the designer can control the costs incurred in terms of finishes and structure.

4.9.2 Operations

 Efficient space planning can help increase productivity and reduce operation
cost.

4.9.3 Maintenance

 Using quality materials and finishes that are easy to maintain.

 Using systems that are easy to monitor, repair and maintain.

4.9.4 Energy
  Maximize natural lighting and ventilation through the proper use of sun shading
devices and proper location of fenestrations.
 Determine spaces that optimize the use of natural lighting and ventilation to
help reduce costs incurred by artificial cooling and lighting.

4.10 Aesthetic Issues

4.10.1 Form
 The Aesthetic design of the structure must not overwhelm the surrounding
existing structures. It is preferable that the new structure incorporate design
elements from the existing facilities.
 Form of the structure must also relate to the site and its environment.

4.10.2 Space

 Exterior spaces must relate to that of the interior.

 Designing areas and spaces that are flexible to different activities or functions.

4.10.3 Meaning

 The aesthetic design of the structure must be hospitable and welcoming

impression to its users. Its design should also embody the goals and values of the
organizations.
 Design of spaces that will help promote and encourage social interaction
between the participants.

4.11. Safety Issues

4.11.1 Structural
 The planning and design of the convention must comply with the National
Building Code of the Philippines, B.P. 344 (Accessibility Law) and local
ordinances.

4.11.2 Fire

 The structure must comply with Fire Code of the Philippines. Location of Ingress
and Egress should be free from obstacles.
 Provide holding areas for safe egress.
 Application of Sprinkler systems.
 Egress and Exit areas should have ramps or have escalators for easy egress of
facility in case of emergency.