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Desirable
Water use
Yes
Drainage Loadings W Water Concentration C
basin Quality C < Cgoal
model
No
Control
RATES
Ac RATES
• Mass loading rate,
U
W= Q c
c (b) Flow (Q=UA)
• Volumetric flow rate,
(a) Loading (W=Qc)
Q=vA
Q
U
(c) Flux (J=Uc)
EnvE EnvironmentalEngineering
Institut Teknologi Bandung
• Flux of pollutant:
• J = W/As = 7,000 g/d/10,000 m2 = 0.7 g/m2. d
EnvE EnvironmentalEngineering
Institut Teknologi Bandung
MODEL IMPLEMENTATION
Critical concentration, c
Waste loading,W
C =1/a W
WTP WWTP
Waste removed
W=ac
a = W/c CITY
EnvE EnvironmentalEngineering
Institut Teknologi Bandung
MODEL IMPLEMENTATION
SIMULATION MODE
C =1/a W
MODEL IMPLEMENTATION
1. SIMULATION MODE
C =1/a W
2. DESIGN MODE I
? Dredging
Simulasi response (c) – stimulus
(Assimilative capacity) WQ standard
W=ac Artificial aeration
3. DESIGN MODE II
(Environmental modification)
a = W/c
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Institut Teknologi Bandung
WATER MANAGEMENT
c
W
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Institut Teknologi Bandung
CONSERVATION OF MASS/
MASS BALANCE
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Institut Teknologi Bandung
Transport in LOADING
Reactions Transport out
System boundary
EnvE EnvironmentalEngineering
Institut Teknologi Bandung
$/MGD
Vs. Δ$
% removal
ΔLoad ΔLoad
100
secondary tertiary
ASSIMILATION FACTOR
Lake X in the early 1970s had a total phosphorous loading of
approximately 10,500 mta and in-lake concentration of 21
ug/L. In 1973 the province ordered a reduction of detergent
phosphate content. This action reduced loadings to 8,000
mta.
ASSIMILATION FACTOR
• W = a c = 5000 mta
EnvE EnvironmentalEngineering
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Reaction
Settling
c = W/(Q + kV + vAs)
c = W/a
a = Q + kV + vAs
EnvE EnvironmentalEngineering
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Solution
(a) The decay rate (correction):
k = 0.25 x 1.0525-20 = 0.319/d
Then the assimilation factor:
a = 7500 + 0.319(50,000) = 23,454 m3/d
a = Q + kV
EnvE EnvironmentalEngineering
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Reaction
95.2 kg/d (68%)
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Institut Teknologi Bandung
0 t
0 t
EnvE EnvironmentalEngineering
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Solution
The eigenvalue: 5.97
λ = Q/V +k = 7500/50,000 + 0.319 = 0.469/d
0 10