<174 Notes Section.SG . 307 6: ‘to that place . . .’ picked up by unde ‘from where’. |. 308 uentum est |. 311 certatur . 312 uersdri, succurrere impersonal passives (see 155). . 313 arcessere, prouidére, pugnare, ( historic infinitives. 1 1 1 1. 311 instare 1 1 1. 314 ferire Il. 319 fasas . . . relictum: sc. esse. Learning vocabulary for 5G(ii) Nouns latus later-is 3n. side; flank pil-um 7 2n, heavy javelin Adjectives integer integr-a um whole, _pristin-us a um former; untouched original Verbs cad6 3 cecidi casum | fall, _—_reor 2 dep. ratus | think, die believe, suppose inst6 1 institi | press upon; _resisté 3 restiti (+ dat.) I urge; pursue; am at resist; stand back, halt; hand, approach; strive pause (re+ sisté) after (in + std) succurrd 3 succurti omitts 3 omist omissus 1 succursum 1 run to help, give up; let fall; omit, assist (+ dat.) leave aside (0b + mitto) (sub + curr) Others alibi somewhere else paulatim little by little, gradually sauci-us a um wounded tendo 3 tetendi tensus ot tentus 1 strive, fight, (stretch (out); offer, direct; (intrans) travel) uersor 1 dep. Lam occupied; stay, dwelk am in a certain condition unde from where, whence Running vocabulary for 5G(iii) aduers-us a um in front cerns 3 I see anim-a ae 1f. soul, life cognat-us 7 2m. kinsman, cadauer cadauer-is 3n. blood-relative corpse corpus corpor-is 3n. body 396 feré almost ‘gaudi-um 7 2n. joy hostil-is e of the enemy incruent-us a um bloodlessSection 5G 1755 ingenucus aum free-born —_—_quisque (nom. s. m.) uuisendi of visiting/vie Haus is 4m. mourning (1.323) each person; (gen. gerund of ti maeror maeror-is 3m. grief (1.331) strénuissimus uiu-us a um living, alive occidé 3 occidt | die, fall quisque all the most uolué 3 1 turn (over) paululum a very little energetic men (trans.) proceda 3 processi 1 spird 11 breathe uulneré 1 1 wound advance, proceed, spoliandi of stripping ulnus uulner-is 3n. come forth (corpses) (gen. gerund wound pugnands by fighting (abl. of spolié 1) ult-us is 4m. face, gerund of pugnd) strénu-us a um energetic expression quisquam (nom. s. m.) tegé 3.1 cover (1.325) anyone uarié in different ways (pronoun); (1.328) any (adi) Notes 1 322 cernerés: referring to the past (see 153.2). 1.323. quem with locum: locum picked up by eum. 1 334 alii... pars: ‘some . . . others’. A variant of alii. . . alii. Learning vocabulary for 5G(iii) Nouns anim-a ae 1f. soul, life, Wiict-us tis 4m. grief, uulnus uulner-is 3n. breath mourning wound corpus corpor-is 3n. body uult-us fis 4m. face, ‘gaudi-um 7 2n. joy expression Adjectives aduersus a um in front uiu-us a um alive, living (ie. facing the enemy) (hostile; opposite; unfavourable) Verbs o«cidé 3 occidt occisum 1 uolué 3 wolut uoliitus I roll, uulnerd 1 1 wound fall, die (ob + cada) turn (over) (trans.) 1eg6 3 text téctus | cover 397175 175 Section 5G Grammar and exercises for 5G Gerunds: -nd- forms, ‘—ing’ We have already seen that verbs can form adjectives (i.e. participlesand gerundives), when they act like adjectives in agreeing with nouns oz pronouns, e.g. ndue capta nautae effigérunt ‘with the ship captured, the sailors fled” hic homo monendus est ‘this man is to be / must be warned’. Verbs can also form nouns. As such, verbs take the form of the infinitive, or the gerund, which has exactly the same forms as the neuters of the gerundive (see 160). The declension is as follows (acc. to abl. as for 2n. nouns): 1 2 3 ‘loving’ having’ ‘speaking’ nom. amia-re dic-c-re habé-nd-um — dic-é-nd-um habé-re dic-c-re habé-nd-i dic-é-nd-i dat, ama-nd-6 habé-nd-6 dic-é-nd-6 abl. amé-nd-8 — habé-nd-3 —dic-é-nd-d 4 3/4 ‘hearing’ ‘capturing’ nom. audi-re c4p-e-re ate. (ee capi-é-nd-um audi-re c4p-e-re gen. audi-éndi — capi-é-nd-i dat. audi-€nd-3 — capi-é-nd-3 abl. audi-é-nd-6 —capi-é-nd-3 Deponents have exactly the same forms and active meaning, i.e. mine-nd- um ‘threatening’, pollice-nd-um ‘promising’, logu-e-nd-um ‘speaking’, menti-e-nd-um ‘lying’, progredi-e-nd-um ‘advancing’. 398Section 5G 176 Usages 1 The infinitive is used as a noun-gerund in e.g. dulce est amare ‘it is sweet to make love’ ‘love-making is pleasant’. Here amare is noun-subject. CE cupid ambulare ‘I desire to walk’ ‘I like walking’. Here the infinitive is a noun- ject. With prepositions, the -nd- form is used, e.g. ad amandum ‘with a view to loving’. 2 ad+acc. ‘for the purpose of”, e.g. ad dicendum ‘for the purpose of speaking’, ‘with a view to speaking’. The gerund may take an object, e.g. ad nauem capiendum ‘to capture the ship’. Cf. 161.3 (gerundives). 3 causajgratia + gen. ‘for the sake of’, ‘for the purpose of’, e.g. dicendi causa ‘for the sake of speaking’ (note word-order), habend? gratia ‘for the sake of having’, ‘in order to have’. Cf. 161.3 (gerundives). 4 In the abl., e.g. dicendd ‘by speaking’, ambulands ‘by walking’ (cf. innuend6 ‘by hinting’), e.g. tinus homéd ndbis ciinctandé restituit rem ‘one man (i.e. Q. Fabius Maximus Cunctator) restored our fortunes by delaying’ (Ennius). N.B. Remember the irregular gerunds eund-um ‘going’ (e0), oriund-um ‘rising’ (orior). faciundum ‘making’, ‘doing’, gerundum ‘doing’ etc. are also found, for faciendum gerendum. The key vowel was originally.-v-. Exercises 1 Form, translate and decline the gerunds of the following verbs: exorior, dormid, pets, ndscd, fugid, commoror, tened, e6, (optional: uolud, uulnero, occids, uersor, reperio, ago, gerd, taced). 2 Translate: (a) ad itendum. (b) eundi causa. (0) discédends. (d) resistendi gratia. (e) ad wulnerandum. (f) uidends. (g) uoluendi causa. 3 Give the Latin for (using gerunds): (a) To wound. (b) For the purpose of delaying. 399176 Section 5G (©) By holding. (a) For the sake of arising. (ce) To assist. (f) Of seeking. (g)_ In doing. 4 Translate these sentences or phrases saying whether gerund or gerundive is being used: (a) ad milités uulnerandés. (b) mihi eundum est. (c)_ progrediendi causa. (d)_ militibus ndminandis. (e). fortiter resistends. (€) ad corpora uoluenda. (g) _sauciis ab integris succurrendum erat. (h) conidratdrés cénsul praetdribus piiniendés tradidit. (i) discédendi gratia. (j) ad exercitum instruendum. (k) hominis méns! discend6?2 alitur? et cdgitands. (Cicero) () nihil tam difficile est quin quaerendd inuestigari possit. (Terence) méus mentsis 3€. mind. 2 discd 3.1 learn. 2 alitur “is fed’, ‘grows’. + inuestigs 1 1 trace out. 176 quisque and quisquam quisque means ‘each and every’, ‘everyone’. It is often used with the superlative, e.g. optimus quisque ‘each and every best (male)’, ‘all the best men’; pessima quaeque ‘each and every most wicked woman’, ‘all the most wicked women’. quisquam means ‘anyone’, ‘any’ and is normally found in negative contexts, €.g. nec quisquam ‘and not anyone’, ‘and no-one’. quisque and quisquam decline like quis (29) + que/quam. Note the neuter of quisquam is quicquam and the neuter of quisque is quidque or quodque.178 Section 5G 178 wterque uterque means ‘both’, ‘each (of two)’ and declines as follows: 5 m. Sf 1. fom, utér-que —Gitr-a-que —_utr-tim-que acc, utr-im-que utr-4m-que utr-Gm-que gen. —utr-tas-que > dat, a utr-its-que—— abl. utr-é-que —utr-a-que —_utr-8-que pl. m. f n. nom. utr-aé-que Gtr-a-que acc, utt-Os-que utr-as-que titr-a-que gen, utr-driim-que utr. dat, abl. ram-que _utr-riim-que Cf. alter, niillus, totus, anus, sélus etc. which also decline exactly like mult-us a um except for the gen. s. in -ius and the dat. s. in -7. 4th declension neuter corn-i iis ‘horn’, ‘wing of army’ & pl. nom, cOmai — cOmu-a acc, cOrmai — cOrnu-a gen. cOmii-s cOrnu-um dat. coma cérn-ibus abl. cori —cOrn-ibus NB. The only other noun of this type you are likely to meet is genit ‘knee’ (cf. ‘genuflect’, to bend the knee). Exercises 1 Translate these sentences: (a) pessimus quisque conidrationi fauet. (b) stultissimus quisque haec intellegere potest. 401179 179 Section 5G (€)_ nec quisquam hoc dicere ausus est. (a) interdiciteque? omnibus né quemquam interficiant. (Caesar) (ec) in omni arte? optimum quidque rarissimum? est. (Cicerd) (f) remedia utriusque fortiinae. (Title of a book by fourteenth-century Italian Petrarch) (g) ti mihi uidéris utrumque factiirus. (Cicero) (h) aut enim némo aut, si quisquam, ille sapiéns fuit. (Cicero) (i) prd sé quisque ad populum loquébatur. (Cicero) @) . +. mec quisquam ex agmine tantd audet adire uirum. (Virgil) : 2 interdicd 3 (+ dat.) 1 forbid. 4 sapiéns sapient-is wise. 2 Give the Latin for: (a) All the best men resist their enemies. (b) Nor did the commander send anyone wounded into battle. () The commander of each of the two armies encouraged his soldiers. (d) It is not possible to say anything good!. (ec) Petreius encouraged each individual. (f) By relating each man’s deeds he encouraged the soldiers: ' Genitive; cf. quid negati. Further comparative clauses 1 atque/ac atque/ac is used after adjectives or adverbs which express ‘likenes' or ‘unlikeness’, such as idem ‘the same’, alius ‘different’, ‘other’, aliter ‘differently’, contra ‘opposite’, ‘contrary’, par ‘equal’, pariter ‘equally’, perinde ‘in like manner’, similis ‘like’, ‘similar’. E.g. iussérunt simulacrum Iouis, contra atque anted fuerat, ad orientem conuertere ‘they ordered (them) to turn the statue of Jupiter towards the East, contrary to what it had been beforé’ perinde égit ac dixit ‘he acted just as he said” 402Section 5G 1805 2 Correlatives You have already met ut meaning ‘as’, which acts asa correlative to sic or ita ‘thus’, e.g. ut ti imperas, sicfita ego facid ‘as you order, so I do’. In the same way, tam ‘so’ is answered by quam ‘as’, e.g. tam beatus erat ille quam miser ego ‘he was as (lit. so) happy as I unhappy’ tot ‘so many’ is answered by quot ‘as many’, e.g. tot uiri sunt quot féminae ‘so many men there are, as many (as) (there are) women’, ‘there are as many men as women Cf. tantus (‘so great’). . . quantus (‘as great’, ‘as’); tdlis (‘ofsuchasort’). . . qualis (‘of which sort’, ‘as’), e.g. tanta sapientia ei inest quanta uis ‘there is so great wisdom in him as great (as there is) force’, ‘he is as much brain as brawn’ talem uirtiitem praebébat qualem Hordtius ‘he showed bravery of such a sort as the sort (which) Horatius (showed)’ 3 Unreal comparisons . - quasi, uelut, tamquam mean ‘as if’, ‘as though’ and (with or without sf added) take a subjunctive where the comparison is unreal or hypothetical. Constructions under 179.1 add si. e.g. ita sé gerit quasi stultus sit ‘he is behaving as though he were a fool’ (but he is not) . perinde agit ac si hostis sit the acts just as though he were an enemy’ (but is not) Exercises 1 Translate irito English: (a) Catilina aliter ac Petréius ratus erat agébat. (b) tam ignauus erat Gabinius quam Lentulus. . (©) perinde atque ef imperitum erat, sic Manlius égit. (d) rés gestae sunt contra atque exspectauerat Petréius. (e) loquitur quasi stultus sit. .+179 Section 5G 2 Translate these sentences: (a) nihil est homini tam timendum quam inuidia. (Cicero) (b) nihil est tam fallax quam uita himana, nihil tam insidiésum. (Seneca) (c) quot hominés, tot sententiae. (Terence) (a) plérique habére amicum talem uolunt, qualés ipsi esse nén possunt. (Cicero) (e) parul sic iacent, tamquam omninG sine anim sint. (Cicero) inuidi-a ae 1f. envy, himan-us a. um human ommind altogether, hatred insidids-us a um dangerous completely Sallax fallac-is deceitfal parui= babies 3 Give the Latin for (using comparative clauses): (a) This man is as good as that man. (b) My son is acting against my wishes. (c) You are the sort of person that your father was. (d) He is acting differently from the way he was told to. (e) I will act in accordance with your commands. (£) He was walking as though he had been wounded. Reading exercises / Test exercises 1 The speaker is Cato the Censor (234-149). He is talking about old age with Gaius Laelius (b. 186) and Publius Scipio Africanus (Minor) (c 185-129), who are pictured as young men at the time of the conversation. His ‘particular theme here is what can be done to overcome what are normally seen as the peculiar drawbacks of old age. resistendum, Laeli et Scipi6, senectiiti est eiusque uitia diligentii compénsanda sunt, pugnandum tamquam contri morbum sic contra senectiitem, habenda ratid ualétidinis, aitendum exercititioni modicis, tantum cibi et potiénis adhibendum, ut reficiantur uirés, nn opprimantur. nec uéré corpori sdlum subueniendum est, sed ment atque animé mult magis; nam haec quoque, nisi tamquam limini oleum instillés, exstinguuntur senectiite. et corpora quidem exerci- tationum défatigatiéne ingrauéscunt, animi autem sé exercendd leuantur. nam qués ait Caecilius ‘cOmicés stultds senés’, hés significat crédulds obliuidsds dissoliitds, quae uitia sunt ndn senectiitis, sed inertis ignauae somniculdsae senectiitis. ut petulantia, ut libidd magis 404 0Section 5G 1805 est aduléscentium quam senum, nec tamen omnium aduléscentium, sedn6n proborum, sic ista senilis stultitia, quae dé appellarisolet, senum leuium est, ndn omnium. (Cicero, Dé senectiite (Catd Maior) 35-6) senectiis senectiit-is 3f. old age uiti-um 7 2n. fault, shortcoming compénsé 11 balance pugnandum sc. est [Note the ellipse of est, which is understood from the previous part of the sentence resistendum . . . est (also in 1. 3: habenda, fitendum; 1.4: adhibendum)) famquam just as, as though morbeus 7 2m. disease f. method, regimen is 3f. health is 3f. exercise is a um moderate pitis potién-is 3f. drink adhibed 2 1 use refici6 3/4 | refresh 5 comport [Hold until solved, reading as a phrase with solu) subuenié 4 (+ dat.) I help tnéns ment-is 3£. mind limen limin-is 3n. light ole-um 7 2n. oil instillé 11 drop x (acc.) into ¥ (dat.) [Note mood of instillés: subjunctive expressing generalised 2nd s. (sce 153.2)] exstingud 31 quench, put out 15 quidem indeed [Emphasising corpora] défatigatis défatigatién-is 3f. exhaustion, weariness ingranéses 3 1 grow heavier (ic. stiffer) exerced 2 I train, exercise leud 1 I relieve [The prevalent metaphor centres on the stems grau~ heavy’, lew. light’) ait “(he) calls" C. Statius, an early Roman comic poct cdmic-us a um comic obliuids-nus a um forgetful dissolit-us a um slack idle somniculds-us a um drowsy ut [Hold until solved] petulanti-a ae 1f. impudence, waywardness aduléscéns aduléscent-is 3m. youth prob-us a um honest, upright senil-is e of old men ae If. foolishness délirdtién-is 3f. dementia, dotage, madness leu-is e frivolous, weak 2 The rape of Ceres’ daughter Proserpina. She is picking flowers with her girl- friends. Her uncle, the god of the Underworld, Pluto, sees her, falls in love with her and snatches her off to Hades. Suspension of adjective in the first half of the line is particularly noticeable in this piece. (See 185 for the metre) filia, cOnsuétis ut erat comitata puellis, errabat niid6 per sua priata pede. ualle sub umbrési locus est aspergine multa duidus ex altd désilientis aquae. tot fuerant illic, quot habet natiira, coldrés, 5 pictaque dissimili flore nitébat humus. quam simul aspexit, ‘comités, accédite’, dixit 405«179 Section 5G ‘et m&cum plénés flére referte sinis!” praeda puellaris animés prolectat inanis, et ndn sentitur sédulitate labor. 10 Proserpina wanders off, by chance not followed by any of her friends. hanc uidet et uisam patruus uéléciter aufert, régnaque caeruleis in sua portat equis. illa quidem clamabat, ‘id, carissima miter, auferor!” ipsa suds abscideratque siniis: panditur interea Diti uia, namque diurnum 15 lamen inassuéti uix patiuntur equi. at chorus aequalis, cumulatae flre ministrae, ‘Persephone’, clamant ‘ad tua dona ueni!” ut clamita silet, montis ululatibus implent, et feriunt maest@ pectora niida mana. 20 (Ovid, Fasti 4.425—34 and 445-54) cénsuétis [Hold until solved] referd referre | bring back cOnsuét-us a um usual sin-us fis 4m. fold of garment, bosom comitd 1 1 accompany puellar-is e girlish err 11 wander prélecté 11 entice away niidé (Hold until solved] inan-is e vain, empty niid-us a um naked 10 sentitur (Passive: await subject) Prit-a drum 2n. pl. meadows sedulitas sédulitat-is 3f. earnest wallis uall-is 3£. valley application, concentration umbrés-us a um shady uisam [Refers to Proserpina] aspergs aspergin-is 3f. spray tus 2m. uncle iiuid-us a um wet (Read aspergine multa uélaciter swiftly fiuidus as one phrasc] régna [Hold until solved] alt-um 7 2n. high place régn-um 7 2n. kingdom, realm ilié 4 1 leap down [Read ex alts caeruleis [Hold until solved] lientis aquae as one phrase, caerule-us a um dark dependent on aspergine] portat sc. *her" fot... quot as many... as quidem indeed color colér-is 3m. colour help! picta [Hold until solved] car-us a um dear pings 3 pinxi pictus 1 paint suds [Hold until solved] dissimil-is e diverse abscinds 3 abscidi | tear apart fis flér-is 3m. flower -que=even nited 21 shine 15 panditur (Passive: await subject] humus (Remember this is f.] pandé 31 open simul as soon as Dis Dit-is 3m. Hades, Pluto aspicié 3/4 aspext 1 spot [Ditz= dative of agent, ‘by’] plénds (Hold until solved: plénus takes namque for in fact gen. or abl. when it means ‘full of] 406Section 5G 1805 dium-us a um of the day [Don't stop cunulatae . . . ministrae [In apposition reading at the line-end] to chorus aequalis] lamen liimin-is 3n. light Persephoné [Vocative] inassuéti (Hold until solved] dén-um i 2n. gift inassuét-us a um unaccustomed siled 2 {am silent uix with difficulty ululat-us iis 4m. cry, wail chor-us ¥ 2m. group impled 2.1 fill (x acc. with ¥ abl.) aequal-is e of the same age 20 maesta [Hold until solved} ‘aumulé 1 1 load maest-us a um sad ministrea ae 1f. attendant pectus pector-is 3n. breast English-Latin Reread the text of 5G(iii) and then translate this passage into Latin: When the fighting? was finished, you would have seen many corpses in the place. It was also possible to see? how much daring? there had been in Catiline and in his army. Each man had fallen in the place which he had seized by fighting. Nor had anyone run away. Catiline, who had run into the middle of the enemy for the purpose of dying quickly, was found far from his own men. He still retained the ferocity of expression? he had had? when¢ alive. But the victory was not a joyful event for the Romans. All the best men had died or been wounded seriously. Those who had come out for the purpose of stripping corpses found not only enemies, butalso friends and relatives as they turned over the cadavers. There were both joy and sorrow in the camp that night. * Do not use a gerund here, but a noun. 2 Use uidéri poterat (lit. ‘it could be seen’). 2 Do not forget to insert a qui clause here, though English neglects it. 4 Not needed: use adj. alone, agreeing with subject. Deliciae Latinae Martial cir ndn mitto meds" tibi, Pontilidne, “libellds? né mihi ti mitts, Pontilidne, tuds. (7.3) libell-us 7 2m. book Pontilidn-us 72m. Pontilianus 407+179 Section. 5G cras té uictiirum, cris dicis, Postume, semper. dic mihi, cras istud, Postume, quando uenit? quam longé est cras istud? ubi est? aut unde petendum? numquid apud Parthds Armenidsque latet? iam crs istud habet Priami uel Nestoris annds. 5 crs istud quanti, dic mihi, possit emi? cras uiués: hodié iam uiuere, Postume, sérum est. ille sapit, quisquis, Postume, uixit heri. (5.58) eras tomorrow Nestor (Greek mumquid ‘can it be that it. . 2° warrior-king) Parth-i drum 2m. pl. Parthians [both renowned Armeni-i drum 2m. pl. Armenians for their longevity!) lated 21 lie hidden quanti (gen.) ‘at what price’ 8 Priameus 7 2m. Priam ems 31 buy (king of Troy) serum too late Nestor Nestor-is 3m. sapié 3/4 1 am wise quisquis who heri yesterday Inscripsit tumulis septem™ scelerata uirdrum ‘sé f€cisse’ Chlo8. quid pote simplicius? (9.15) Tnscribo 3 inscripsi | write scelerat-us a um infamous _pote (sc. est) ‘can be? upon (+ dat.) Chloé Chloc (Greek f. simplex simplices turul-us 72m. tomb nom.) straightforward, frank The Vulgate: sapiéns itdicium Salamonis tunc uénérunt duae mulierés meretricés ad régem, stetéruntque céram e6. quarum iina ait, ‘obsecrd, mi domine; ego et mulier haec habitabamus in domé ani, et peperi apud eam in cubicul6. tertid autem dié postquam ego peperi, peperit et haec; et eramus simul, nillusquealius ndbiscum in domé, exceptis nobis duabus. mortuus est autem filius 5 mulieris huius nocte, dormiéns quippe oppressit eum. et cOnsurgéns intempestae noctis silenti6, tulit filium meum dé latere meé ancillae uae dormientis, et collocauit in sini sud: suum autem filium, qui erat mortuus, posuit in sini med. cumque surréxissem mine ut darem lacfilid me6, apparuit mortuus; quem diligentius intuéns clara lice, déprehendi 10 nOdn esse meum quod genueram.’ responditque altera mulier, ‘n6n est ita ut dicis, sed filius tuus mortuus est, meus autem uluit.’ é contrarié illa dicébat, ‘mentiris: filius quippe 408Section 5G 1805 meus uiuit, et filius tuus mortuus est.’ atque in hunc modum contendébant coram rége. tunc réx ait, ‘afferte mihi gladium.’ cumque attulissent gladium cram rege, ‘diuidite’, inquit, ‘infantem uiuum in duis partis, et date dimidiam partem ini, et dimidiam partem alteri.’ dixit autem mulier, cuius filius erat uluus, ad régem (comméta sunt quippe uiscera eius super filid sud), ‘obsecrd, domine, date ill infantem uiuum, et nélite interficere eum.’ € contrarié illa dicébat, ‘nec mihi, nec tibi sit: sed diuidatur.’ respondit réx et ait, ‘date huic infantem uiuum, et non occidatur: haec est enim miter eius.’ audiuit itaque omnis Israel itidicium quod itidicasset réx et timuérunt régem, uidentés sapientiam Deiesse in e6 ad faciendum iaidicium. (I Kings 3.16 ff. (Vulgate: III Kings 3.16), slightly abridged) céram (+abl.) in the presence of ait ‘said’ parid 3/4 peperi | give birth cubicul-umt 7 2n. bedroom intueor 2 dep. 1 examine together lax Iie-is 3¢. light 5 excipié 3/4 excépi exceptus I except déprehends 3 déprehendi | realise quippe since [Tends to come late in the —_—_gignd 3 genui I bear, produce — _ chuse it controls} @ contrarié in reply, contradicting nsurgd 31 rise, get up 15 contendé 3 I squabble intempest-us a um middle of, ‘dead of? infans infant-is 3m. baby silenti-um 7 2n. silence dimidi-us a um half ancillae ‘that is (of me), your uiscer-a um 3n. pl. heart, deepest maidservant’ feelings sin-us fis 4m. breast, bosom super (+abl.) for, over surgé 3 surréxi I get up Israel (nom.) Israel mane in the morning itidici-um 7 2n. judgement sapienti-a ae 1f. wisdom lac lact-is 3n, milk 10 appares 21 appear diligéns diligent-is close, careful a 15<179 SECTION SIX Section 6A Running vocabulary for 6A(i) amor amér-is 3m. love doné 11 gi [See note for meaning dondrunt = dénduérunt of pl.} [Sec Ref. Gr. A4] arane-a ae 1f. cobweb élegans élegant-is elegant cachint-us 7 2m. laugh Fabull-us 72m. Fabullus candid-us a um beautiful ——_mer-us a um unmixed, Catull-us 7 2m. Catullus pure cénd 1 Vhave dinner, dine mi vocative of meus contra in return us 72m. nose Cupids Cupidin-is 3m. noster = mi (vocative) Cupid (god of desire) olfacid 3/4 1 smell Notes 1. 2 Hold paucis (which is solved by diébus). saccul-us 7 2m, litde purse sal sal-is 3m. salt; wit seu or if [See note] sudu-is e sweet se or Venus Veneris 3f. Vetus (goddess of love) uenust-us a um charming, smart [Used as 2 noun here] in-um 7 2n, wine uunguent-um 7 2n., perfume 1. 8 plénus: placed early to set up a surprise: remember it takes gen. sacculus: diminutive. See p. 255. 1.9 The pl. amérés in Catullus usually means ‘girl-friend’: but it can mean ‘sexual intercourse’ or ‘passion’; ‘the gods of love’ or ‘an object arousing love’ are other suggestions you may like to consider. seu=siue. Tr. ‘or something that . . 410 |. 11 meae puellae: dative, solved by danarunt. |. 14 totum: with té: the joke is held back until the last word. . 10 seu quid: after si, né and num, quis=anyone/anything (see 139%).Section 6A Learning vocabulary for 6A(ji) Nouns amor arir-is love; (pl.) gitkfriend; sexual intercourse uin-um 7 2n. wine Adjectives mer-us a um unmixed, pure Verbs dnd 1 1 give 1805 Running vocabulary for 6A(ii) aestimatié aestimation-is 3f. — inuenust-us a um not value smart, charmless Asini-us 72m. Asi ioc-us 7 2m. joke, joking, [Sce note] fun bellé nicely, properly lepas lepdr-is 3m. charm difer-usaum crammed —_finte-um 7 2n. table-napkin with (+gen.) Marritcin-us 72m. Fabull-us 7 2m. Fabullus Marrucinus (See note] faci wm Af. pl wit mnémosyn-um 7 2m. ‘firt-um 7 2n. theft keepsake (a Greek hendecasyllab-us 7 2m. word Latinised) hendecasyllable (the miinus miiner-is 3n. gift Greck metre used for as a gift’: poems of personal predicative dative, see abuse: the metre also of ——-‘L(e)2] this poem: see 180] Hibér-i drum 2m. pl. ‘Spaniards inept-us a um stupid miitd 11 change neglegéns neglegent-is careless [Note the comparative form] Notes Pollié Pollién-is 3m. (C. Asinius) Polio quamuis ever such a quaré therefore remitte 3 1 send back Saetab-us a um from Saetabis (a Spanish town famous for its linen goods) sals-us a um witty, smart sodalis sodal-is 3m. friend sordid-us a um cheap, low, y sitdari-um 720. ; handkerchief, napkin talent-um 7 2n. talent [A huge sum, see note] Véraniol-us 7 2m. dear Veranius ; Vérani-us 7 2in, Veranius 1.1 Marriicinus may be this man’s cogndmen, normally the last of three — pracnomen (e.g. Gaius), ndmen (e.g. Valérius, the family name), cogndmen (e.g. Africanus, sometimes from some exploit or ancestor's 411«179 Section'6A exploit). Asinius will be the nomen. mani sinistra: the abl. is solvedin:2 by iiteris. 1. 2 in iocd atque uind i.e. in conuiuis. 1. 3 neglegentidrum: comp. adj. used as a noun. Tr. ‘rather ...’ (not ‘more’). 1. 4 fugit 12: lit: ‘it escapes you’. Tr. ‘you're wrong’. 1. 7 talents: abl. of the price Pollio would be willing to pay. Tr. ‘fora talent’. Reference Grammar L(f)4(v). 1. 8 uelit: ‘he would like’: potential subjunctive, see 153.2. Ul. 8-9 lepdrum: hold: it is solved by differtus (which also governs facetidrum). Il. 16-17 haec amem necesse est: ut has been left out before the clause haee amem. This is common: see 6A(iii), Il. 18,19. Tr. ‘that I should...’ The ut in 1. 17 means ‘as’ sc. ‘I love’. 1. 17 Véraniolum: diminutive. See p. 255. Learning vocabulary for 6A(ii) Nouns Sackti-ae drum 1f. pl. wit lepés lepdr-is 3m. charm sodalis sodal-is 3m. friend ioc-us 7 2m. joke, joking, minus miiner-is 3n. gift; fan duty Verbs miatB 11 change, alter, exchange (trans.) Others quire therefore (lit. (abl.) “from which Running vocabulary for 6A (iii) caue+ subjunctive beware —_défess-us a um tired out hhestern-us a um yester- of —ing [See note] délicdt-us a um (with dia) cauété beware of sophisticated, decadent, indomit-us a um (+infin.) [See note] gay uncontrollable conuenit 4 conuénit it is déspud 31 spit out, reject _inuat 1 (it) pleases agreed completely laed5 3 1 harm, do down 412Section 6A 180 lecul-us 72m. bed ocell-us 72m. (1. 10) eye; _reposcd 3 I exact (in [Diminutive of lectus: (1. 19) apple of my eye return) see p. 255] Otids-us a um at leisure, sémimortu-us a um half- Licini-us 7 2m. Licinius enjoying oneself dead [See note] perspicio 3/41 see clearly, simul together (sc. with lads 3 list 1 play, have a understand fully [See you) good time, make jokes note] somin-us ¥ 2m. sleep membr-um 7 2n. limb potma n. (Greek word) uéméns=uehemens mitu-us a um in return, poem (from the Greek _uersicul-us 72m. scrap of reciprocal (Sc. ‘verses"] equivalent of facio) verse, epigram Nemesis. (Greek word) _precés prec-um 3£. pl. [Diminutive of wersus: Nemesis, goddess of prayers see p. 255] revenge quiés quidt-is 3f. sleep, rest _uersor 1 (passive) I toss numer-us i 2m. metre and turn Notes 1.1 Licini: C. Licinius Calvus Macer, orator and poet. 1.5 illdc: = illd. Cf. hdc — in earlier Latin both words had the suffix -ce. 1.6 per iocum atque uinum: cf. in iocd atque uino in 6A(ii) 1. 2. 1. 9 ut: ‘with the result that’. 1 11 t6t0: hold —it is solved by fecté, not furdre, which is abl. of cause after indomitus. 1 16 itcunde: the adjective is used in the vocative as a noun; cf. venuste noster in 6A(i) 1.17 ex qué perspicerés: purpose clause introduced by relative pronoun (see 145.3). IL. 18, 19 caue sis and cave déspuas: ‘beware of —ing’. Here you would normally expect né (see S2(d) ‘verbs of fearing’), but as with haec amem necesse est in 6A(ii) 1. 16, the conjunction has been omitted. This is a common idiom with certain words. |. 21 cauété: future imperative, i.e. ‘beware (in future)’. Reference Grammar A2 Note I. Learning vocabulary for 6A (iii) Nouns membr-um i 2n. limb quits quiét-is 3£. sleep, rest somn-us 72m. sleep Adjectives tids-us a um at leisure Verbs iuuat 1 ifwit it pleases laed6 3 laesi laesus Lharm — ido 3 list Wisum I play 413«179 Section6A Running vocabulary for 6A(iv) aestims 1 1 value [See Lesbi-a ae 1f. Lesbia [See _semel once; cum semél as note] Intro. to 6A] soon as as assis 3m. as (a coin of mihi silés (pl. of sél)="ight of small value) [Tr. occidé 3 occidi | set (other the sun’ ‘the sun each ‘penny’, ‘dime’; see meanings: I fall, dic) day’ note] perpetu-us a wm unending —_usqtte continually, basi-um 7 2n. kiss riimor riimar-is 3m. (piece without a break conturbé 1 I confuse; of) gossip, wreck the account of unfavourable report dein= deinde Notes 1. 2 ritmarés: acc. — hold until solved (by aestimémus). seuériorum: cf. neglegentidrum in 6A(ii) 1. 3. Tr. ‘rather . . .” (not ‘more’), 1.3 anius. . . assis: genitive of price or value after aestimémus. Tr. ‘atone penny/dime’. 1. 5 nobis: hold until solved (by dormienda). 1. 10 fécerimus: future perfect (not perf. subj.), despite the long -i of -imus. 1.13 tantum . . . basidrum: cf. satis/nimis + gen.(31). Tr. ‘so many. . .’ (lit, ‘such and such an amount of . . .’). Learning vocabulary for 6A(iv) Nouns riimor rimér-is 3m, rumour, (piece of) gossip, unfavourable report . Verbs aestimd 11 value; estimate occid6 3 occidi occdsum | set (intrans.); (I fall; die) Others dein = deinde then, next semel once (cum semel=as _usque continually, mi= mihi [NB. mi is also soon as) without a break vocative of meus] (often used with «d= right up to) 414Section 6A 180 Running vocabulary for 6A(v) aestuds-us a um sweltering, Cyrén-ae drum 1f. pl. Libyss-a ae f. adj. African hor Cyrene (city in N.W. _lingu-a ae 16. tongue [See basidtio basiation-is 3£. kiss Libya, or the territory note] . {See note] of Cyrene) dracl-um 7 2n. oracle basi6 1 1 kiss Sascind 1 1 bewitch, cast a pernumer6 1 I tally up basi-um i 2n. kiss spell on sepuler-um 7 2n. tomb Batt-us i 2m. Battus (first Siirtiu-us a um stolen Ssidus sider-is 3n. star king of Cyrene) harén-a ae 1f. sand super more than enough cirids-us a um inquisitive, _lasarpicifer lasarpicifer-a um ——_(adv.) prying silphium-bearing uésin-us a um crazed, maddened Notes 1.1 basiats : a sort of abstract noun (!) formed from the usual word basium. 1.3 quam magnus: lit. ‘chow great . . .’, picked up eventually by fam... multa (1. 9) ‘so many’. L5 inter: the preposition governs draclum: notice the word pattern in I1,.5— 6 ‘ 1.7 quam ... . multa: lit. thow many’, picked up by tam . . . multa (1. 9) ‘so many’. Cf. quam magnus (1. 3). 1. 8 fartiuds: hold until solved (by amarés). a 1.9 basia basidre: cf. pugnam pugnare ‘to fight a fight’. Note that here fé 3s the object, basia is an internal or cognate accusative. Eng. ‘to give you ... kisses’. 1. 10 uésand: hold until solved (by Catulla). 1. 11 possint: potential subjunctive (see 153.2). 1. 12 mala lingua: another subject of possint. Learning vocabulary for 6A(v) Nouns : ae harén-a ae Vf. sand lingu-a ae 1£, tongue; inde(u)l-um 7 2n, ora 4 language sepule(h)r-um 7 2n, tom sidus sidereis 3n. star Others super (adv.) more than ‘enough; above, over; (prep. acc. abl.) over, above; (+abl.) about 415