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fJTb 4-DJ - D5
ABSTRACT
This paper reviews engineering
expected in three to four weeks
time. It was necessary to stock-
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considerations associated with the pile equipment and prepare lease .UIVt" 10 • UU"
development of the Judy Creek Bea- sites for the planned stepouts.
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verhill Lake oil pool. The orderly Within one month, 550 truck-loads o lCJolON10N
development of the pool was facili-
tated by early studies of drilling of material, inclUding five drilling ...... "IK it"."
and completion programmes, pro- rigs, Cat equipment, camps, mud, t
duction practices and reservoir prob- cement, tubular goods, diesel oil,
lems. The reservoir study has serv- and gasoline, were assembled at the
ed as a basis for unitization and prepared locations. In anticipation
pressure maintenance, which be-
came effective less than four years of production, 24 miles of tempor-
after discovery. ary pipeline were strung north from
ALBERTA
Judy Creek to join Federated Pipe-
line's main line north of the Free- INDEX MAP
INTRODUCTION man river. A base camp, with
radio conununications, was also es-
T HE Judy Creek Beaverhill Lake
oil pool was discovered by Im- tablished. Later in the summer of Figure I.-Index Map.
pl"!riol Oil Limited in February, 1959, 1959, the route via Fort Assiniboine
two years after the Home-Regent was extended to Judy Creek as a Early wells used 10% -in. sUI'face
discovery of Swan Hills, several gravelled grade to provide year- casing and 7-in. production casing.
miles to the north. Judy Creek is lo- round access. In the interests o[ economy, the
cated about 100 miles northwest of hole size was reduced on subsequent
the city of Edmonton in the heavily wells from a 9-in. diameter to 7%
wooded Swan Hills area (Figure DRILLING inches (surface hole, 121,4 inches).
1) . Other Beaverhill Lake reef Surface casing was reduced to 8%
Wells in Judy Creek range in inches and production casing: to 5%
pools in the area are: Deer Moun- depth from 8,500 to 9,000 feet. At
tain, Swan Hills, Virginia Hills, inches. Current completions em·
least 600 feet of surface casing is ploy 4%-in. and, in some inslances,
Judy Creek West, Carson Creek cemented and pressure tested to
North, Carson Creek (gas), Kaybob 2 1Ai -in. casing.
1,000 psi. The hole is then drilled
and Snipe Lake. These pools all to total depth, with diamond coring Ear]y in the development of Judy
produce from the Swan Hills memo through the Beaverhill Lake forma- Creek, sevel'al drilling rigs were
ber of the Beaverhill Lake forma- tion in about half of the wells. No introduced to "Engineered Drilling
tion of Middle Devonian age. difficult drilling problems are en- Programmes" (1) [or improved elli-
Judy Creek has provided an ex· countered. dency. These are simply pre-planned
cellent proving ground for technical
advances during the past decade. o Inillol S1ep-oot T ~.~... =_
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-HINt·
SOUTH SWAN HILLS
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T 6' +---+--jf---1-I-+--'::1:..l,~~~-=-+-'-L+-++--l--t--+-:;.>:---l
INITIAL OPERATIONS UN IT OUTlI' E • • • t ....,.._•. p -._P'- i.
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Fig/o'e 2 is a detailed map of the
Judy Creek area. The discovery
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ously to help define the reservoir
extent. Four of the six were sub- 4- •
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·· ·· ·· ·"I~ :}- .. UNIT OUTLINE BHL
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lJ SATUUTE. IAtTUY
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T.63
• (:IENIIAL IlIAnUy
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3500
tern (shown on Figltre 21 of five
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locations was completed with dual
tubing strings cemented in place of
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casing so that independent pressure
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and production data could be obta;n·
ed from two lithologic zones at each
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34111
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51
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zone was shut-in to obtain static
pressure data for the unproduced
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UNIT OUJUNE II
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zone. These completions have been
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valuable in showing that, in general.
good pressure communication exists
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433644
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between the upper three zones but
that portions of the S4 zone appear
to be isolated from the rest of the
reservoir. An attempt was made to
JUDY CREEK measure vertical pressure interfer-
ence by high rate tests, but results
were unreliable due to pressure
COMPLETION PRESSURE:S measurement limitations.
RECOVERY PREDICfIONS
Figure 5.-A Plot of Completion Pressures for Some of the First Sixty Reservoir studies show that nat-
Wells. ural depletion will be controlled by
26 Journal of Canadian Petroleum
.rock and fluid expansion as the reo
servo~r pressure declines to the
field requirements for a successful unitization, which became effective
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flank waterfiood. To evaluate these on November 1, 1962.
saturation pressure of 2,290 psig. factors, a field pilot water injection
Thereafter, it will be controlled by test (Figure 6) was commenced in At about the same mne, approval
an inefficient solutiori gas drive. April, 1962. The injection well (12- for the pressure maintenance pro-
The total expected primary recovery 4-64-11) took water on vacuum at ject was obtained from the' Alberta
is 16 per cent" of the original oil in rates exceeding 6,500 BID. By July, Oil and Gas Conservation Board.
place. after half a million barrels of water FUll-scale injection commenced in
had been injected, presure response December, 1962, with Carson lake,
The fact that JUdy Creek is a 12 miles to the south, providing
closed reservoir with no effective had been observed at fifteen pres-
sure observation wells in the im- injection water. Since the middle
water drive was recognized sh~rtly of January, water injection .rates
after discovery. The rapid pressure mediate vicinity. This was signifi·
cant in demonstrating inter-zone have been maintained at between
decline (0.75 psi per day) and the 3,000 and 7,500 BID per well at the
prospect of a large early investment communication, as water injection
into the S-4 and S-3 layers below four injectors shown on Figure 6,
in artificial lift facilities, as well as giving a total input in excess of
future underproduction problems, the oil-water contact affected the oil
zone pressure of wells completed in 20,000 BID. Wellhead pressures
GOR penalties and low recovery, have averaged from 90 to 350 psig.
prompted an immediate investiga. the S-5 layer.
Initial response has been entirely
-tion of the possibility of utilizing The pilot waterfiood scheme was satisfactory and the ultimate suc-
the available water andlor natural expanded in July, 1962, to evaluate cess of the project seems assured
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gas in the area for some form of injeetivity along the southern flank ~ ni·1~·:;'~ ~
pressure maintenance or· artificial of the reef. The three injection
displacement process. CONCLPSIONS
wells (4-18-63-10, 12-12-63-11 and 12-
These studies considered miscible 9-63-11) took water on vacuum at All phases of development at
displacement by pattern and crestal rates of from 4,000 to 7,000 BID. Judy Creek, from the improvement
gas injection and waterflooding by Pressure surveys in September and of access routes and development
pattern and downdip flank injection. November showed the adjacent area drilling to the design ~f production
The studies indicated a downdip of fifteen quarter sections to be in facilities and pressure maintenance
semi-peripheral water injection .good communication with the zone operations, have benefited from the
scheme to be the most attractive. of injection. application of up-to-date technology.
Engineered Drilling Programmes
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This scheme will realize maximum
gravity and sweep benefits. In addi- UNITIZATION AND PREsSURE have been credited' with reducing
tion, imbibition cross-flow is expect- MAINTENANCE drilling time by about 20 per cent.
ed to be an important factor in The pilot operations provided Similarly, optimum production effi-
improving waterflood performance. valuable data for finalizing the de- ciency is being achieved by field-wide ;... ~~ ~